/* ** $Id: lstrlib.c,v 1.132.1.5 2010/05/14 15:34:19 roberto Exp $ ** Standard library for string operations and pattern-matching ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ #include #include #include #include #include #define lstrlib_c #define LUA_LIB #include "lua.h" #include "lauxlib.h" #include "lualib.h" /* macro to `unsign' a character */ #define uchar(c) ((unsigned char)(c)) static int str_len (lua_State *L) { size_t l; luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); lua_pushinteger(L, l); return 1; } static ptrdiff_t posrelat (ptrdiff_t pos, size_t len) { /* relative string position: negative means back from end */ if (pos < 0) pos += (ptrdiff_t)len + 1; return (pos >= 0) ? pos : 0; } static int str_sub (lua_State *L) { size_t l; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); ptrdiff_t start = posrelat(luaL_checkinteger(L, 2), l); ptrdiff_t end = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), l); if (start < 1) start = 1; if (end > (ptrdiff_t)l) end = (ptrdiff_t)l; if (start <= end) lua_pushlstring(L, s+start-1, end-start+1); else lua_pushliteral(L, ""); return 1; } static int str_reverse (lua_State *L) { size_t l; luaL_Buffer b; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); luaL_buffinit(L, &b); while (l--) luaL_addchar(&b, s[l]); luaL_pushresult(&b); return 1; } static int str_lower (lua_State *L) { size_t l; size_t i; luaL_Buffer b; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); luaL_buffinit(L, &b); for (i=0; i 0) luaL_addlstring(&b, s, l); luaL_pushresult(&b); return 1; } static int str_byte (lua_State *L) { size_t l; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l); ptrdiff_t posi = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), l); ptrdiff_t pose = posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), l); int n, i; if (posi <= 0) posi = 1; if ((size_t)pose > l) pose = l; if (posi > pose) return 0; /* empty interval; return no values */ n = (int)(pose - posi + 1); if (posi + n <= pose) /* overflow? */ luaL_error(L, "string slice too long"); luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long"); for (i=0; i= ms->level || ms->capture[l].len == CAP_UNFINISHED) return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index"); return l; } static int capture_to_close (MatchState *ms) { int level = ms->level; for (level--; level>=0; level--) if (ms->capture[level].len == CAP_UNFINISHED) return level; return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid pattern capture"); } static const char *classend (MatchState *ms, const char *p) { switch (*p++) { case L_ESC: { if (*p == '\0') luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (ends with " LUA_QL("%%") ")"); return p+1; } case '[': { if (*p == '^') p++; do { /* look for a `]' */ if (*p == '\0') luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing " LUA_QL("]") ")"); if (*(p++) == L_ESC && *p != '\0') p++; /* skip escapes (e.g. `%]') */ } while (*p != ']'); return p+1; } default: { return p; } } } static int match_class (int c, int cl) { int res; switch (tolower(cl)) { case 'a' : res = isalpha(c); break; case 'c' : res = iscntrl(c); break; case 'd' : res = isdigit(c); break; case 'l' : res = islower(c); break; case 'p' : res = ispunct(c); break; case 's' : res = isspace(c); break; case 'u' : res = isupper(c); break; case 'w' : res = isalnum(c); break; case 'x' : res = isxdigit(c); break; case 'z' : res = (c == 0); break; default: return (cl == c); } return (islower(cl) ? res : !res); } static int matchbracketclass (int c, const char *p, const char *ec) { int sig = 1; if (*(p+1) == '^') { sig = 0; p++; /* skip the `^' */ } while (++p < ec) { if (*p == L_ESC) { p++; if (match_class(c, uchar(*p))) return sig; } else if ((*(p+1) == '-') && (p+2 < ec)) { p+=2; if (uchar(*(p-2)) <= c && c <= uchar(*p)) return sig; } else if (uchar(*p) == c) return sig; } return !sig; } static int singlematch (int c, const char *p, const char *ep) { switch (*p) { case '.': return 1; /* matches any char */ case L_ESC: return match_class(c, uchar(*(p+1))); case '[': return matchbracketclass(c, p, ep-1); default: return (uchar(*p) == c); } } static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p); static const char *matchbalance (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) { if (*p == 0 || *(p+1) == 0) luaL_error(ms->L, "unbalanced pattern"); if (*s != *p) return NULL; else { int b = *p; int e = *(p+1); int cont = 1; while (++s < ms->src_end) { if (*s == e) { if (--cont == 0) return s+1; } else if (*s == b) cont++; } } return NULL; /* string ends out of balance */ } static const char *max_expand (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p, const char *ep) { ptrdiff_t i = 0; /* counts maximum expand for item */ while ((s+i)src_end && singlematch(uchar(*(s+i)), p, ep)) i++; /* keeps trying to match with the maximum repetitions */ while (i>=0) { const char *res = match(ms, (s+i), ep+1); if (res) return res; i--; /* else didn't match; reduce 1 repetition to try again */ } return NULL; } static const char *min_expand (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p, const char *ep) { for (;;) { const char *res = match(ms, s, ep+1); if (res != NULL) return res; else if (ssrc_end && singlematch(uchar(*s), p, ep)) s++; /* try with one more repetition */ else return NULL; } } static const char *start_capture (MatchState *ms, const char *s, 
.TH DWM 1 dwm\-4.3
.SH NAME
dwm \- dynamic window manager
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B dwm
.RB [ \-v ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
dwm is a dynamic window manager for X. It manages windows in tiled and
floating layouts. Either layout can be applied dynamically, optimizing the
environment for the application in use and the task performed.
.P
In tiled layout windows are managed in a master and stacking area. The master
area contains the window which currently needs most attention, whereas the
stacking area contains all other windows. In floating layout windows can be
resized and moved freely. Dialog windows are always managed floating,
regardless of the layout applied.
.P
Windows are grouped by tags. Each window can be tagged with one or multiple
tags. Selecting certain tags displays all windows with these tags.
.P
dwm contains a small status bar which displays all available tags, the layout,
the title of the focused window, and the text read from standard input. A
floating window is indicated with an empty square and a maximized
floating window is indicated with a filled square before the windows
title.  The selected tags are indicated with a different color. The tags of
the focused window are indicated with a filled square in the top left
corner.  The tags which are applied to one or more windows are indicated
with an empty square in the top left corner.
.P
dwm draws a small border around windows to indicate the focus state.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-v
prints version information to standard output, then exits.
.SH USAGE
.SS Status bar
.TP
.B Standard input
is read and displayed in the status text area.
.TP
.B Button1
click on a tag label to display all windows with that tag, click on the layout
label toggles between tiled and floating layout.
.TP
.B Button3
click on a tag label adds/removes all windows with that tag to/from the view.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Button1
click on a tag label applies that tag to the focused window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Button3
click on a tag label adds/removes that tag to/from the focused window.
.SS Keyboard commands
.TP
.B Mod1\-Shift\-Return
Start
.BR xterm.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Return
Zooms/cycles current window to/from master area (tiled layout only).
.TP
.B Mod1\-b
Shows/hides the status bar.
.TP
.B Mod1\-h
Decreases the master area width about 5% (tiled layout only).
.TP
.B Mod1\-j
Focus next window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-k
Focus previous window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-l
Increases the master area width about 5% (tiled layout only).
.TP
.B Mod1\-m
Toggles maximization of current window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Shift\-[1..n]
Apply
.RB nth
tag to current window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Shift\-0
Apply all tags to current window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Control\-Shift\-[1..n]
Add/remove
.B nth
tag to/from current window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Shift\-c
Close focused window.
.TP
.B Mod1\-space
Toggle between tiled and floating layout (affects all windows).
.TP
.B Mod1\-Shift\-space
Toggle focused window between tiled and floating state.
.TP
.B Mod1\-[1..n]
View all windows with
.BR nth
tag.
.TP
.B Mod1\-0
View all windows with any tag.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Control\-[1..n]
Add/remove all windows with
.BR nth
tag to/from the view.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Shift\-q
Quit dwm.
.SS Mouse commands
.TP
.B Mod1\-Button1
Move current window while dragging. Tiled windows will be toggled to the floating state.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Button2
Zooms/cycles current window to/from master area. If it is floating (but not fixed) it will be toggled to the tiled state instead.
.TP
.B Mod1\-Button3
Resize current window while dragging. Tiled windows will be toggled to the floating state.
.SH CUSTOMIZATION
dwm is customized by creating a custom config.h and (re)compiling the source
code. This keeps it fast, secure and simple.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR dmenu (1)
.SH BUGS
The status bar may display
.BR "EOF"
when dwm has been started by an X session manager like
.BR xdm (1),
because those close standard output before executing dwm.
.P
Java applications which use the XToolkit/XAWT backend may draw grey windows
only. The XToolkit/XAWT backend breaks ICCCM-compliance in recent JDK 1.5 and early
JDK 1.6 versions, because it assumes a reparenting window manager. As a workaround
you can use JDK 1.4 (which doesn't contain the XToolkit/XAWT backend) or you
can set the following environment variable (to use the older Motif
backend instead):
.BR AWT_TOOLKIT=MToolkit .
.P
Recent GTK 2.10.9+ versions contain a broken
.BR Save\-As
file dialog implementation,
which requests to reconfigure its window size in an endless loop. However, its
window is still respondable during this state, so you can simply ignore the flicker
until a new GTK version appears, which will fix this bug, approximately
GTK 2.10.12+ versions.
generated by cgit-pink 1.4.1-2-gfad0 (git 2.36.2.497.gbbea4dcf42) at 2025-07-27 11:38:13 +0000
} case 's': { size_t l; const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &l); if (!strchr(form, '.') && l >= 100) { /* no precision and string is too long to be formatted; keep original string */ lua_pushvalue(L, arg); luaL_addvalue(&b); continue; /* skip the `addsize' at the end */ } else { sprintf(buff, form, s); break; } } default: { /* also treat cases `pnLlh' */ return luaL_error(L, "invalid option " LUA_QL("%%%c") " to " LUA_QL("format"), *(strfrmt - 1)); } } luaL_addlstring(&b, buff, strlen(buff)); } } luaL_pushresult(&b); return 1; } static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = { {"byte", str_byte}, {"char", str_char}, {"dump", str_dump}, {"find", str_find}, {"format", str_format}, {"gfind", gfind_nodef}, {"gmatch", gmatch}, {"gsub", str_gsub}, {"len", str_len}, {"lower", str_lower}, {"match", str_match}, {"rep", str_rep}, {"reverse", str_reverse}, {"sub", str_sub}, {"upper", str_upper}, {NULL, NULL} }; static void createmetatable (lua_State *L) { lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* create metatable for strings */ lua_pushliteral(L, ""); /* dummy string */ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* set string metatable */ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop dummy string */ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* string library... */ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* ...is the __index metamethod */ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop metatable */ } /* ** Open string library */ LUALIB_API int luaopen_string (lua_State *L) { luaL_register(L, LUA_STRLIBNAME, strlib); #if defined(LUA_COMPAT_GFIND) lua_getfield(L, -1, "gmatch"); lua_setfield(L, -2, "gfind"); #endif createmetatable(L); return 1; }