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-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/assortbin21809 -> 22287 bytes
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/assort.subx14
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/crenshaw2-1bin18968 -> 19446 bytes
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/crenshaw2-1.subx4
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/crenshaw2-1bbin19527 -> 20005 bytes
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b.subx7
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/dquotesbin22663 -> 24275 bytes
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/dquotes.subx432
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/factorialbin17884 -> 18362 bytes
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/handlebin18711 -> 19189 bytes
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/hexbin21977 -> 22455 bytes
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/hex.subx18
-rwxr-xr-xsubx/apps/packbin36569 -> 37047 bytes
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/pack.subx72
-rw-r--r--subx/apps/subx-common.subx6
15 files changed, 482 insertions, 71 deletions
diff --git a/subx/apps/assort b/subx/apps/assort
index d2aaaf1a..1cd0b6cf 100755
--- a/subx/apps/assort
+++ b/subx/apps/assort
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/assort.subx b/subx/apps/assort.subx
index cfdef5e1..7498cc3a 100644
--- a/subx/apps/assort.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/assort.subx
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ read-segments:  # in : (address buffered-file), table : (address stream row)
     #   var line = new-stream(512, 1)
     #   while true
     #     clear-stream(line)
-    #     read-line(in, line)
+    #     read-line-buffered(in, line)
     #     if (line->write == 0) break             # end of file
     #     var word-slice = next-word(line)
     #     if slice-empty?(word-slice)             # whitespace
@@ -497,12 +497,12 @@ $read-segments:loop:
     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-    # read-line(in, line)
+    # read-line-buffered(in, line)
     # . . push args
     51/push-ECX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-line/disp32
+    e8/call  read-line-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 $read-segments:check0:
@@ -584,12 +584,12 @@ $read-segments:check-for-segment-header:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     52/push-EDX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -648,12 +648,12 @@ $read-segments:check-for-segment-header:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     52/push-EDX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
diff --git a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1 b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1
index 3fbc9c33..03d3d0c3 100755
--- a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1
+++ b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1.subx b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1.subx
index 20560288..2f1fec9e 100644
--- a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1.subx
@@ -512,11 +512,11 @@ get-char:  # f : (address buffered-file) -> <void>
     89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
     # . save registers
     50/push-EAX
-    # read-byte(f)
+    # EAX = read-byte-buffered(f)
     # . . push args
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  read-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
     # save EAX to Look
diff --git a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b
index 71265ffe..60521cb0 100755
--- a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b
+++ b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b.subx b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b.subx
index 2c396fb3..8dee0dbc 100644
--- a/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/crenshaw2-1b.subx
@@ -195,7 +195,8 @@ get-num:  # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address stream), err : fd or (a
     #     Look = get-char(in)
     #   while is-digit?(Look)
     # This is complicated because I don't want to hard-code the error strategy in
-    # a general helper like write-byte. Maybe I should just create a local helper.
+    # a general helper like write-byte-buffered. Maybe I should just create a
+    # local helper.
     #
     # within the loop we'll try to keep things in registers:
     #   in: ESI
@@ -711,11 +712,11 @@ get-char:  # f : (address buffered-file) -> <void>
     89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
     # . save registers
     50/push-EAX
-    # read-byte(f)
+    # EAX = read-byte-buffered(f)
     # . . push args
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  read-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
     # save EAX to Look
diff --git a/subx/apps/dquotes b/subx/apps/dquotes
index 251a3e3a..c180c114 100755
--- a/subx/apps/dquotes
+++ b/subx/apps/dquotes
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/dquotes.subx b/subx/apps/dquotes.subx
index cd376f5d..5f98d295 100644
--- a/subx/apps/dquotes.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/dquotes.subx
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Entry:  # run tests if necessary, convert stdin if not
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . test()
-#?     e8/call test-next-word-returns-string-with-escapes/disp32
+#?     e8/call test-emit-string-literal-data/disp32
 #?     8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  5/rm32/.disp32            .             .           3/r32/EBX   Num-test-failures/disp32          # copy *Num-test-failures to EBX
 #?     eb/jump  $main:end/disp8
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ convert:  # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file) -> <void
     #   write-stream(new-data-segment, "== data\n")
     #   while true
     #     clear-stream(line)
-    #     read-line(in, line)
+    #     read-line-buffered(in, line)
     #     if (line->write == 0) break               # end of file
     #     while true
     #       var word-slice = next-word(line)
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ convert:  # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file) -> <void
     #       if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, '"')  # string literal <== what we're here for
     #         process-string-literal(word-slice, out, new-data-segment)
     #       else
-    #         write-slice(out, word-slice)
+    #         write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice)
     #       write(out, " ")
     #     write(out, "\n\n")
     #   write-stream-data(out, new-data-segment)
@@ -165,12 +165,12 @@ $convert:line-loop:
     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-    # read-line(in, line)
+    # read-line-buffered(in, line)
     # . . push args
     51/push-ECX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-line/disp32
+    e8/call  read-line-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 $convert:check0:
@@ -224,12 +224,12 @@ $convert:string-literal:
     # continue
     eb/jump  $convert:next-word/disp8
 $convert:regular-word:
-    # write-slice(out, word-slice)
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice)
     # . . push args
     52/push-EDX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(EBP+12)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # fall through
@@ -827,13 +827,393 @@ test-convert-processes-string-literals:
 
 # generate the data segment contents byte by byte for a given slice
 emit-string-literal-data:  # out : (address stream), word : (address slice)
+    # pseudocode
+    #   curr = word->start
+    #   ++curr  # skip '"'
+    #   while true
+    #     if (curr >= word->end) break
+    #     c = *curr
+    #     if (c == '"') break
+    #     append-byte-hex(out, c)
+    #     if c is alphanumeric:
+    #       write(out, "/")
+    #       append-byte(out, c)
+    #     write(out, " ")
+    #     ++curr
+    #
     # . prolog
     55/push-EBP
     89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
     # . save registers
+    50/push-EAX
+    51/push-ECX
+    52/push-EDX
+    56/push-ESI
+    # ESI = word
+    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           6/r32/ESI   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy *(EBP+12) to ESI
+    # curr/EDX = word->start
+    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/ESI    .           .             .           2/r32/EDX   .               .                 # copy *ESI to EDX
+    # ++curr  # skip initial '"'
+    42/increment-EDX
+    # max/ESI = word->end
+    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/ESI    .           .             .           6/r32/ESI   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ESI+4) to ESI
+    # ECX = 0
+    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           1/r32/ECX   .               .                 # clear ECX
+$emit-string-literal-data:loop:
+    # if (curr >= max) break
+    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    2/rm32/EDX    .           .             .           6/r32/ESI   .               .                 # compare EDX with ESI
+    7d/jump-if-greater-or-equal  $emit-string-literal-data:end/disp8
+    # CL = *curr
+    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  2/rm32/EDX    .           .             .           1/r32/CL    .               .                 # copy byte at *EDX to CL
+    # if (ECX == '"') break
+    81          7/subop/compare     3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           .           .               0x22/imm32/dquote # compare ECX
+    74/jump-if-equal  $emit-string-literal-data:end/disp8
+    # append-byte-hex(out, CL)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  append-byte-hex/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # if (is-alphanumeric?(*curr)) print(out, "/#{*curr}")
+    # . EAX = is-alphanumeric?(CL)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  is-alphanumeric?/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # . if (EAX == 0) goto char-done
+    3d/compare-EAX-and  0/imm32
+    74/jump-if-equal  $emit-string-literal-data:char-done/disp8
+    # . write(out, "/")
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  Slash/imm32
+    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  write/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # . append-byte(out, *curr)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  append-byte/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+$emit-string-literal-data:char-done:
+    # write(out, " ")
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  Space/imm32
+    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  write/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # ++curr
+    42/increment-EDX
+    eb/jump $emit-string-literal-data:loop/disp8
 $emit-string-literal-data:end:
-    # . reclaim locals
     # . restore registers
+    5e/pop-to-ESI
+    5a/pop-to-EDX
+    59/pop-to-ECX
+    58/pop-to-EAX
+    # . epilog
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
+    5d/pop-to-EBP
+    c3/return
+
+is-alphanumeric?:  # c : int -> EAX : boolean
+    # . prolog
+    55/push-EBP
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
+    # EAX = c
+    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           0/r32/EAX   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(EBP+8) to EAX
+    # if (EAX < '0') return false
+    3d/compare-EAX-with  0x30/imm32/0
+    7c/jump-if-lesser  $is-alphanumeric?:false/disp8
+    # if (EAX <= '9') return true
+    3d/compare-EAX-with  0x39/imm32/9
+    7e/jump-if-lesser-or-equal  $is-alphanumeric?:true/disp8
+    # if (EAX < 'A') return false
+    3d/compare-EAX-with  0x41/imm32/A
+    7c/jump-if-lesser  $is-alphanumeric?:false/disp8
+    # if (EAX <= 'Z') return true
+    3d/compare-EAX-with  0x5a/imm32/Z
+    7e/jump-if-lesser-or-equal  $is-alphanumeric?:true/disp8
+    # if (EAX < 'a') return false
+    3d/compare-EAX-with  0x61/imm32/a
+    7c/jump-if-lesser  $is-alphanumeric?:false/disp8
+    # if (EAX <= 'z') return true
+    3d/compare-EAX-with  0x7a/imm32/z
+    7e/jump-if-lesser-or-equal  $is-alphanumeric?:true/disp8
+    # return false
+$is-alphanumeric?:false:
+    b8/copy-to-EAX  0/imm32/false
+    eb/jump  $is-alphanumeric?:end/disp8
+$is-alphanumeric?:true:
+    b8/copy-to-EAX  1/imm32/true
+$is-alphanumeric?:end:
+    # . epilog
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
+    5d/pop-to-EBP
+    c3/return
+
+test-emit-string-literal-data:
+    # . prolog
+    55/push-EBP
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
+    # setup
+    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # var slice/ECX = '"abc"'
+    68/push  _test-slice-abc-end/imm32
+    68/push  _test-slice-abc/imm32
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to ECX
+    # emit-string-literal-data(_test-output-stream, slice)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  emit-string-literal-data/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # dump output {{{
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "result: ^")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "result: ^"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # }}}
+    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "61/a 62/b 63/c ", msg)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  "F - test-emit-string-literal-data"/imm32
+    68/push  "61/a 62/b 63/c "/imm32
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
+    # . epilog
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
+    5d/pop-to-EBP
+    c3/return
+
+test-emit-string-literal-data-empty:
+    # . prolog
+    55/push-EBP
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
+    # setup
+    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # var slice/ECX = '""'
+    68/push  _test-slice-empty-string-literal-end/imm32
+    68/push  _test-slice-empty-string-literal/imm32
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to ECX
+    # emit-string-literal-data(_test-output-stream, slice)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  emit-string-literal-data/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # dump output {{{
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "result: ^")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "result: ^"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # }}}
+    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "", msg)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  "F - test-emit-string-literal-data-empty"/imm32
+    68/push  ""/imm32
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
+    # . epilog
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
+    5d/pop-to-EBP
+    c3/return
+
+# just to keep things simple
+test-emit-string-literal-data-no-metadata-for-non-alphanumerics:
+    # . prolog
+    55/push-EBP
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
+    # setup
+    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # var slice/ECX = '"a b"'
+    68/push  _test-slice-a-space-b-end/imm32
+    68/push  _test-slice-a-space-b/imm32
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to ECX
+    # emit-string-literal-data(_test-output-stream, slice)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  emit-string-literal-data/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # dump output {{{
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "result: ^")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "result: ^"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # }}}
+    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "61/a 20 62/b ", msg)  # ideally we'd like to say '20/space' but that requires managing names for codepoints
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  "F - test-emit-string-literal-data-no-metadata-for-non-alphanumerics"/imm32
+    68/push  "61/a 20 62/b "/imm32
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
+    # . epilog
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
+    5d/pop-to-EBP
+    c3/return
+
+test-emit-string-literal-data-handles-escape-sequences:
+    # . prolog
+    55/push-EBP
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
+    # setup
+    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
+    # var slice/ECX = '"a\"b"'
+    68/push  _test-slice-a-dquote-b-end/imm32
+    68/push  _test-slice-a-dquote-b/imm32
+    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to ECX
+    # emit-string-literal-data(_test-output-stream, slice)
+    # . . push args
+    51/push-ECX
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  emit-string-literal-data/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # dump output {{{
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "result: ^")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "result: ^"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
+#?     # . . push args
+#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
+#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
+#?     # . . call
+#?     e8/call  write/disp32
+#?     # . . discard args
+#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
+#?     # }}}
+    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "61/a 22 62/b ", msg)
+    # . . push args
+    68/push  "F - test-emit-string-literal-data-handles-escape-sequences"/imm32
+    68/push  "61/a 22 62/b "/imm32
+    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
+    # . . call
+    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
+    # . . discard args
+    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
     # . epilog
     89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
     5d/pop-to-EBP
@@ -854,7 +1234,7 @@ emit-metadata:  # out : (address buffered-file), word : (address slice)
     # while true:
     #   if ECX == word->end: return
     #   if *(ECX++) == '/': break
-    # write-slice(out, {ECX, word->end})
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, {ECX, word->end})
 
     # ECX = word
     8b/copy/word                    1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           1/r32/ECX   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy *(EBP+12) to ECX
@@ -884,7 +1264,7 @@ $skip-datum-loop:
     75/jump-if-not-equal  $skip-datum-loop/disp8
     # end
 
-    # write-slice(out, &{start, end})
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, &{start, end})
     # . push end
     52/push-EDX
     # . push start
@@ -895,7 +1275,7 @@ $skip-datum-loop:
     # . push out
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
 
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           0x10/imm32      .                 # add 16 to ESP
 
@@ -1556,6 +1936,36 @@ Heap:
   # limit
   0/imm32
 
+# length-prefixed string containing just a single space
+Space:
+    # size
+    1/imm32
+    # data
+    20/space
+
+# length-prefixed string containing just a single slash
+Slash:
+    # size
+    1/imm32
+    # data
+    2f/slash
+
+_test-slice-abc:
+  22/dquote 61/a 62/b 63/c 22/dquote  # "abc"
+_test-slice-abc-end:
+
+_test-slice-empty-string-literal:
+  22/dquote 22/dquote  # ""
+_test-slice-empty-string-literal-end:
+
+_test-slice-a-space-b:
+  22/dquote 61/a 20/space 62/b 22/dquote  # "a b"
+_test-slice-a-space-b-end:
+
+_test-slice-a-dquote-b:
+  22/dquote 61/a 5c/backslash 22/dquote 62/b 22/dquote  # "a\"b"
+_test-slice-a-dquote-b-end:
+
 # abc/def/ghi
 _test-slice-word:
   61/a 62/b 63/c  # abc
diff --git a/subx/apps/factorial b/subx/apps/factorial
index 4f5f7dc2..c18b8bcc 100755
--- a/subx/apps/factorial
+++ b/subx/apps/factorial
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/handle b/subx/apps/handle
index 520ca276..4fe1e044 100755
--- a/subx/apps/handle
+++ b/subx/apps/handle
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/hex b/subx/apps/hex
index 667fbc1f..59170942 100755
--- a/subx/apps/hex
+++ b/subx/apps/hex
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/hex.subx b/subx/apps/hex.subx
index c0627c77..3730351f 100644
--- a/subx/apps/hex.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/hex.subx
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ convert:  # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file), err : (
     #   while true
     #     EAX = convert-next-octet(in, err, ed)
     #     if (EAX == Eof) break
-    #     write-byte(out, AL)
+    #     write-byte-buffered(out, AL)
     #   flush(out)
     #
     # . prolog
@@ -96,12 +96,12 @@ $convert:loop:
     # if (EAX == Eof) break
     3d/compare-EAX-and  0xffffffff/imm32/Eof
     74/jump-if-equal  $convert:loop-end/disp8
-    # write-byte(out, AL)
+    # write-byte-buffered(out, AL)
     # . . push args
     50/push-EAX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(EBP+12)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  write-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # loop
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ $test-convert-next-octet-aborts-on-single-hex-byte:end:
 scan-next-byte:  # in : (address buffered-file), err : (address buffered-file), ed : (address exit-descriptor) -> byte-or-Eof/EAX
     # pseudocode:
     #   while true
-    #     EAX = read-byte(in)
+    #     EAX = read-byte-buffered(in)
     #     if (EAX == Eof) return EAX
     #     if (is-hex-digit?(EAX)) return EAX
     #     if (EAX == ' ' or '\t' or '\n') continue
@@ -501,11 +501,11 @@ scan-next-byte:  # in : (address buffered-file), err : (address buffered-file),
     89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
     # . save registers
 $scan-next-byte:loop:
-    # EAX = read-byte(in)
+    # EAX = read-byte-buffered(in)
     # . . push args
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  read-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
     # if (EAX == Eof) return EAX
@@ -1389,7 +1389,7 @@ skip-until-newline:  # in : (address buffered-file) -> <void>
     # pseudocode:
     #   push EAX
     #   while true
-    #     EAX = read-byte(in)
+    #     EAX = read-byte-buffered(in)
     #     if (EAX == Eof) break
     #     if (EAX == 0x0a) break
     #   pop EAX
@@ -1399,11 +1399,11 @@ skip-until-newline:  # in : (address buffered-file) -> <void>
     # . save registers
     50/push-EAX
 $skip-until-newline:loop:
-    # . EAX = read-byte(in)
+    # . EAX = read-byte-buffered(in)
     # . . push args
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  read-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
     # . if (EAX == Eof) break
diff --git a/subx/apps/pack b/subx/apps/pack
index 2b313f08..f2149b59 100755
--- a/subx/apps/pack
+++ b/subx/apps/pack
Binary files differdiff --git a/subx/apps/pack.subx b/subx/apps/pack.subx
index 6ac03fc4..88ed23b6 100644
--- a/subx/apps/pack.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/pack.subx
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ convert:  # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file) -> <void
     #   var in-code? = false
     #   while true
     #     clear-stream(line)
-    #     read-line(in, line)
+    #     read-line-buffered(in, line)
     #     if (line->write == 0) break             # end of file
     #     var word-slice = next-word(line)
     #     if slice-empty?(word-slice)             # whitespace
@@ -141,12 +141,12 @@ $convert:loop:
     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-    # read-line(in, line)
+    # read-line-buffered(in, line)
     # . . push args
     51/push-ECX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  read-line/disp32
+    e8/call  read-line-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 $convert:check0:
@@ -218,12 +218,12 @@ $convert:check2:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     52/push-EDX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -283,12 +283,12 @@ $convert:check2:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     52/push-EDX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ convert-data:  # line : (address stream byte), out : (address buffered-file) ->
     #     if slice-empty?(word-slice)                 # end of file (maybe including trailing whitespace)
     #       break  # skip emitting some whitespace
     #     if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "#")      # comment
-    #       write-slice(out, word-slice)
+    #       write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice)
     #       break
     #     if slice-ends-with?(word-slice, ":")        # label
     #       write-stream-data(out, line)
@@ -1012,12 +1012,12 @@ $convert-data:loop:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     51/push-ECX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -1059,12 +1059,12 @@ $convert-data:check-for-comment:
     3d/compare-EAX-and  0x23/imm32/hash
     75/jump-if-not-equal  $convert-data:check-for-label/disp8
 $convert-data:comment:
-    # write-slice(out, word-slice)
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice)
     # . . push args
     51/push-ECX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(EBP+12)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # break
@@ -1999,14 +1999,14 @@ emit-opcodes:  # line : (address stream byte), out : (address buffered-file) ->
     #   var op1 = next-word(line)
     #   if (slice-empty?(op1) || slice-starts-with?(op1, "#")) return
     #   op1 = next-token-from-slice(op1->start, op1->end, "/")
-    #   write-slice(out, op1)
+    #   write-slice-buffered(out, op1)
     #   if !slice-equal?(op1, "0f") && !slice-equal?(op1, "f2") && !slice-equal?(op1, "f3")
     #     return
     #
     #   var op2 = next-word(line)
     #   if (slice-empty?(op2) || slice-starts-with?(op2, "#")) return
     #   op2 = next-token-from-slice(op2->start, op2->end, "/")
-    #   write-slice(out, op2)
+    #   write-slice-buffered(out, op2)
     #   if slice-equal?(op1, "0f")
     #     return
     #   if !slice-equal?(op2, "0f")
@@ -2015,7 +2015,7 @@ emit-opcodes:  # line : (address stream byte), out : (address buffered-file) ->
     #   var op3 = next-word(line)
     #   if (slice-empty?(op3) || slice-starts-with?(op3, "#")) return
     #   op3 = next-token-from-slice(op3->start, op3->end, "/")
-    #   write-slice(out, op3)
+    #   write-slice-buffered(out, op3)
     #
     # . prolog
     55/push-EBP
@@ -2079,12 +2079,12 @@ $emit-opcodes:op1:
     e8/call  next-token-from-slice/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to ESP
-    # write-slice(out, op1)
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, op1)
     # . . push args
     51/push-ECX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(EBP+12)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # write-buffered(out, " ")
@@ -2172,12 +2172,12 @@ $emit-opcodes:op2:
     e8/call  next-token-from-slice/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to ESP
-    # write-slice(out, op2)
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, op2)
     # . . push args
     52/push-EDX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(EBP+12)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # write-buffered(out, " ")
@@ -2251,12 +2251,12 @@ $emit-opcodes:op3:
     e8/call  next-token-from-slice/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to ESP
-    # write-slice(out, op3)
+    # write-slice-buffered(out, op3)
     # . . push args
     52/push-EDX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(EBP+12)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # write-buffered(out, " ")
@@ -2388,12 +2388,12 @@ $emit-modrm:loop:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     51/push-ECX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -2699,12 +2699,12 @@ $emit-sib:loop:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     51/push-ECX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -2964,12 +2964,12 @@ $emit-disp:loop:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     51/push-ECX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -3185,12 +3185,12 @@ $emit-imm:loop:
 #?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to ESP
-#?     # . write-slice(Stderr, word-slice)
+#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
 #?     # . . push args
 #?     51/push-ECX
 #?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
 #?     # . . call
-#?     e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
 #?     # . . discard args
 #?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 #?     # . flush(Stderr)
@@ -6373,7 +6373,7 @@ emit:  # out : (address buffered-file), word : (address slice), width : int -> <
     e8/call  next-token-from-slice/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to ESP
-    # if (is-valid-name?(datum)) write-slice(out, word) and return
+    # if (is-valid-name?(datum)) write-slice-buffered(out, word) and return
     # . EAX = is-valid-name?(name)
     # . . push args
     57/push-EDI
@@ -6385,12 +6385,12 @@ emit:  # out : (address buffered-file), word : (address slice), width : int -> <
     3d/compare-EAX-and  0/imm32
     74/jump-if-equal  $emit:hex-int/disp8
 $emit:name:
-    # . write-slice(out, word)
+    # . write-slice-buffered(out, word)
     # . . push args
     56/push-ESI
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # . write-buffered(out, " ")
@@ -7054,20 +7054,20 @@ $emit-hex:loop:
     # if (curr >= width) break
     39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           2/r32/EDX   .               .                 # compare ECX with EDX
     7d/jump-if-greater-or-equal  $emit-hex:end/disp8
-    # print-byte(out, EBX)
+    # print-byte-buffered(out, EBX)
     # . . push args
     53/push-EBX
     57/push-EDI
     # . . call
-    e8/call  print-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  print-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
-    # write-byte(out, ' ')
+    # write-byte-buffered(out, ' ')
     # . . push args
     68/push  0x20/imm32/space
     57/push-EDI
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-byte/disp32
+    e8/call  write-byte-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
     # EBX = EBX >> 8
diff --git a/subx/apps/subx-common.subx b/subx/apps/subx-common.subx
index 0807b210..cba1e9cc 100644
--- a/subx/apps/subx-common.subx
+++ b/subx/apps/subx-common.subx
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 # write an entire stream's contents to a buffered-file
 # ways to do this:
-#   - construct a 'maximal slice' and pass it to write-slice
+#   - construct a 'maximal slice' and pass it to write-slice-buffered
 #   - flush the buffered-file and pass the stream directly to its fd (disabling buffering)
 # we'll go with the first way for now
 write-stream-data:  # f : (address buffered-file), s : (address stream) -> <void>
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ write-stream-data:  # f : (address buffered-file), s : (address stream) -> <void
     50/push-EAX
     # . ECX = ESP
     89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to ECX
-    # write-slice(f, slice)
+    # write-slice-buffered(f, slice)
     # . . push args
     51/push-ECX
     ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(EBP+8)
     # . . call
-    e8/call  write-slice/disp32
+    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
     # . . discard args
     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
 $write-stream-data:end: