# Experimental syntax sugar for addressing modes that expand into /rm32 and
# other related arguments.
#
# To run:
#   $ ./subx translate 0*.subx apps/subx-common.subx apps/sigils.subx  -o apps/sigils
#
# We currently support the following notations:
#
# 1.
#   $ echo '%eax'  |  ./subx run apps/sigils
#   3/mod 0/rm32
#
# 2.
#   $ echo '*eax'  |  ./subx run apps/sigils
#   0/mod 0/rm32
#
# 3.
#   $ echo '*(eax+4)'  |  ./subx run apps/sigils
#   2/mod 0/rm32 4/disp32
#
# 4.
#   $ echo '*(eax+ecx)'  |  ./subx run apps/sigils
#   0/mod 4/rm32 0/base 1/index 0/scale
#
# 5.
#   $ echo '*(eax+ecx+4)'  |  ./subx run apps/sigils
#   2/mod 4/rm32 0/base 1/index 0/scale 4/disp32
#
# 6.
#   $ echo '*(eax+ecx<<2+4)'  |  ./subx run apps/sigils
#   2/mod 4/rm32 0/base 1/index 2/scale 4/disp32
#
# Addition isn't commutative here. Template must always be (base+index<<scale+disp),
# though some components are optional as described above.
#
# No metadata allowed inside '*(...)'.
# Whitespace inside '*(...)' is ok. But not immediately after the '*' or '%'.

== code
#   instruction                     effective address                                                   register    displacement    immediate
# . op          subop               mod             rm32          base        index         scale       r32
# . 1-3 bytes   3 bits              2 bits          3 bits        3 bits      3 bits        2 bits      2 bits      0/1/2/4 bytes   0/1/2/4 bytes

Entry:  # run tests if necessary, convert stdin if not
    # initialize heap
    # . Heap = new-segment(Heap-size)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Heap/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  5/rm32/.disp32            .             .           .           Heap-size/disp32                  # push *Heap-size
    # . . call
    e8/call  new-segment/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp

    # run tests if necessary, convert stdin if not
    # . prolog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # - if argc > 1 and argv[1] == "test", then return run_tests()
    # . argc > 1
    81          7/subop/compare     1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0/disp8         1/imm32           # compare *ebp
    7e/jump-if-lesser-or-equal  $run-main/disp8
    # . argv[1] == "test"
    # . . push args
    68/push  "test"/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  kernel-string-equal?/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . check result
    3d/compare-eax-and  1/imm32
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $run-main/disp8
    # . run-tests()
    e8/call  run-tests/disp32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  5/rm32/.disp32            .             .           3/r32/ebx   Num-test-failures/disp32          # copy *Num-test-failures to ebx
    eb/jump  $main:end/disp8
$run-main:
    # - otherwise convert stdin
    # convert(Stdin, Stdout)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stdout/imm32
    68/push  Stdin/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 0)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  0/imm32
$main:end:
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8

# error messages considered:
#   *x + 34                 -> error: base+disp addressing must be within '()'
convert:  # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file) -> <void>
    # pseudocode:
    #   var line = new-stream(512, 1)
    #   while true
    #     clear-stream(line)
    #     read-line-buffered(in, line)
    #     if (line->write == 0) break                     # end of file
    #     while true
    #       var word-slice = next-word-or-expression(line)
    #       if slice-empty?(word-slice)                   # end of line
    #         break
    #       if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "#")        # comment
    #         continue
    #       if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, '%')        # direct mode
    #         emit-direct-mode(word-slice, out)
    #       else if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, '*')   # indirect mode
    #         base, index, scale, disp = parse-effective-address(word-slice)
    #         emit-indirect-mode(out, base, index, scale, disp)
    #       else if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, '+')
    #         abort("'+' only permitted within '*(...)'")
    #       else
    #         write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice)
    #       write(out, " ")
    #     write(out, "\n")
    #   flush(out)
    #
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    50/push-eax
    51/push-ecx
    52/push-edx
    53/push-ebx
    # var line/ecx : (address stream byte) = stream(512)
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x200/imm32       # subtract from esp
    68/push  0x200/imm32/length
    68/push  0/imm32/read
    68/push  0/imm32/write
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # var word-slice/edx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    2/rm32/edx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to edx
$convert:line-loop:
    # clear-stream(line)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # read-line-buffered(in, line)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  read-line-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
$convert:check0:
    # if (line->write == 0) break
    81          7/subop/compare     0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           .           .               0/imm32           # compare *ecx
    0f 84/jump-if-equal  $convert:break/disp32
$convert:word-loop:
    # next-word-or-expression(line, word-slice)
    # . . push args
    52/push-edx
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
$convert:check1:
    # if (slice-empty?(word-slice)) break
    # . eax = slice-empty?(word-slice)
    # . . push args
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  slice-empty?/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . if (eax != 0) break
    3d/compare-eax-and  0/imm32
    0f 85/jump-if-not-equal  $convert:next-line/disp32
$convert:check-for-comment:
    # if (slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "#")) continue
    # . start/ebx = word-slice->start
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  2/rm32/edx    .           .             .           3/r32/ebx   .               .                 # copy *edx to ebx
    # . c/eax = *start
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  3/rm32/ebx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ebx to AL
    # . if (eax == '#') continue
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x23/imm32/hash
    74/jump-if-equal  $convert:word-loop/disp8
$convert:check-for-direct-mode:
    # if (!slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "%")) goto next check
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x25/imm32/percent
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $convert:check-for-indirect-mode/disp8
$convert:direct-mode:
#?     # dump word-slice {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "w: ")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "w: "/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . clear-stream(Stderr+4)
#?     # . . save eax
#?     50/push-eax
#?     # . . push args
#?     b8/copy-to-eax  Stderr/imm32
#?     05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
#?     50/push-eax
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . . restore eax
#?     58/pop-to-eax
#?     # . write-slice-buffered(Stderr, word-slice)
#?     # . . push args
#?     52/push-edx
#?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . flush(Stderr)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  Stderr/imm32
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  flush/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # emit-direct-mode(word-slice, out)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-direct-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # continue
    e9/jump  $convert:next-word/disp32
$convert:check-for-indirect-mode:
    # if (!slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "*")) goto next check
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2a/imm32/asterisk
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $convert:check-for-invalid-addition/disp8
$convert:indirect-mode:
    # spill registers
    50/push-eax
    51/push-ecx
    52/push-edx
    53/push-ebx
    # base/eax, index/ecx, scale/edx, disp/ebx = parse-effective-address(word-slice)
    # . . push args
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # emit-indirect-mode(out, base, index, scale, disp)
    # . . push args
    53/push-ebx
    52/push-edx
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-indirect-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x14/imm32        # add to esp
    # restore registers
    5b/pop-to-ebx
    5a/pop-to-edx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    58/pop-to-eax
    # continue
    e9/jump  $convert:next-word/disp32
$convert:check-for-invalid-addition:
    # if (slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "+")) goto error1
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2b/imm32/plus
    74/jump-if-equal  $convert:error1/disp8
$convert:check-for-invalid-left-shift:
    # if (slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "<")) goto error1
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x3c/imm32/less-than
    74/jump-if-equal  $convert:error1/disp8
$convert:regular-word:
    # write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice)
    # . . push args
    52/push-edx
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-slice-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # fall through
$convert:next-word:
    # write-buffered(out, " ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  " "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # loop
    e9/jump  $convert:word-loop/disp32
$convert:next-line:
    # write-buffered(out, "\n")
    # . . push args
    68/push  Newline/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # loop
    e9/jump  $convert:line-loop/disp32
$convert:break:
    # flush(out)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
$convert:end:
    # . reclaim locals
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x214/imm32       # add to esp
    # . restore registers
    5b/pop-to-ebx
    5a/pop-to-edx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    58/pop-to-eax
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

$convert:error1:
    # print(stderr, "error: '" eax "' only permitted within '*(...)' in '" line "'")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: '")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: '"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-byte-buffered(Stderr, eax)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-byte-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "' only permitted within '*(...)' in '")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "' only permitted within '*(...)' in '"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-stream-data(Stderr, line)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-stream-data/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "'")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "'"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

test-convert-passes-most-words-through:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "== abcd 0x1")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "== abcd 0x1"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "== abcd 0x1 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-passes-most-words-through"/imm32
    68/push  "== abcd 0x1 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-convert-direct-mode:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab %ecx")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "ab %ecx"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "ab 3/mod/direct 0x00000001/rm32 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-direct-mode"/imm32
    68/push  "ab 3/mod/direct 0x00000001/rm32 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-convert-register-indirect-mode:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab *ecx")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "ab *ecx"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "ab 0/mod/indirect 0x00000001/rm32 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-indirect-mode"/imm32
    68/push  "ab 0/mod/indirect 0x00000001/rm32 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-convert-register-indirect-mode-without-displacement:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab *(ecx)")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "ab *(ecx)"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "ab 0/mod/indirect 1/rm32 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-indirect-mode-without-displacement"/imm32
    68/push  "ab 0/mod/indirect 0x00000001/rm32 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-convert-register-indirect-mode-with-displacement:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab *(ecx+4)")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "ab *(ecx+4)"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "ab 2/mod/*+disp32 1/rm32 4/disp32 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-indirect-mode-with-displacement"/imm32
    68/push  "ab 2/mod/*+disp32 0x00000001/rm32 0x00000004/disp32 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# boss level
test-convert-register-indirect-mode-with-sib-byte:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab *(ecx + edx<<3 + 4)")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "ab *(ecx + edx<<3 + 4)"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "ab 2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib 1/base 2/index 3/scale 4/disp32 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-indirect-mode-with-sib-byte"/imm32
    68/push  "ab 2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib 0x00000001/base 0x00000002/index 0x00000003/scale 0x00000004/disp32 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-convert-register-indirect-mode-with-sib-byte-negative-displacement:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # initialize input
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab *(ecx + edx<<3 - 4)")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "ab *(ecx + edx<<3 - 4)"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  convert/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check that the line just passed through
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump _test-output-stream {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # . check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "ab 2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib 1/base 2/index 3/scale -4/disp32 \n", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-convert-indirect-mode-with-sib-byte-negative-displacement"/imm32
    68/push  "ab 2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib 0x00000001/base 0x00000002/index 0x00000003/scale 0xfffffffc/disp32 \n"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# beware: modifies 'word'
emit-direct-mode:  # word : (address slice), out : (address buffered-file)
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    50/push-eax
    # ++word->start
    # . eax = word
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to eax
    # . ++(*eax)
    ff          0/subop/increment   0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # increment *eax
    # reg-num/eax = get-slice(Registers, word, row-size=8)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "Registers"/imm32
    68/push  8/imm32/row-size
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    68/push  Registers/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  get-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to esp
    # write-buffered(out, "3/mod/direct ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "3/mod/direct "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # print-int32-buffered(out, *eax)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *eax
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # write-buffered(out, "/rm32")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/rm32"/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
$emit-direct-mode:end:
    # . restore registers
    58/pop-to-eax
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-direct-mode:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = "%eax"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "%eax"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # emit-direct-mode(str, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-direct-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32         # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "3/mod/direct 0/rm32", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-direct-mode/0"/imm32
    68/push  "3/mod/direct 0x00000000/rm32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-direct-mode-2:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = "%edi"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "%edi"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # emit-direct-mode(str/ecx, _test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-direct-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32         # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "3/mod/direct 7/rm32", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-direct-mode/1"/imm32
    68/push  "3/mod/direct 0x00000007/rm32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# (re)compute the bounds of the next word or parenthetical expression in the line
# return empty string on reaching end of file
#
# error messages considered:
#   * ...                   -> error: no space after '*'
#   *(...                   -> error: *(...) expression must be all on a single line
next-word-or-expression:  # line : (address stream byte), out : (address slice)
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    50/push-eax
    51/push-ecx
    56/push-esi
    57/push-edi
    # esi = line
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           6/r32/esi   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to esi
    # edi = out
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy *(ebp+12) to edi
    # skip-chars-matching(line, ' ')
    # . . push args
    68/push  0x20/imm32/space
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
$next-word-or-expression:check0:
    # if (line->read >= line->write) clear out and return
    # . eax = line->read
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(esi+4) to eax
    # . if (eax < line->write) goto next check
    3b/compare                      0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # compare eax with *esi
    7c/jump-if-lesser  $next-word-or-expression:check-for-comment/disp8
    # . return out = {0, 0}
    c7          0/subop/copy        0/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           .           .               0/imm32           # copy to *edi
    c7          0/subop/copy        1/mod/*+disp8   7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         0/imm32           # copy to *(edi+4)
    e9/jump  $next-word-or-expression:end/disp32
$next-word-or-expression:check-for-comment:
    # out->start = &line->data[line->read]
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(esi+4) to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/eax   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy esi+ecx+12 to eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *edi
    # if (line->data[line->read] != '#') goto next check
    # . eax = line->data[line->read]
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/AL    0xc/disp8       .                 # copy byte at *(esi+ecx+12) to AL
    # . compare
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x23/imm32/pound
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-word-or-expression:check-for-string-literal/disp8
$next-word-or-expression:comment:
    # out->end = &line->data[line->write]
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *esi to eax
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  0/index/eax   .           0/r32/eax   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy esi+eax+12 to eax
    89/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax to *(edi+4)
    # line->read = line->write  # skip rest of line
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *esi to eax
    89/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax to *(esi+4)
    # return
    eb/jump  $next-word-or-expression:end/disp8
$next-word-or-expression:check-for-string-literal:
    # if (line->data[line->read] != '"') goto next check
    # . eax = line->data[line->read]
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/AL    0xc/disp8       .                 # copy byte at *(esi+ecx+12) to AL
    # . compare
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x22/imm32/dquote
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-word-or-expression:check-for-paren/disp8
$next-word-or-expression:string-literal:
    # skip-string(line)
    # . . push args
    56/push-esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-string/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # skip rest of word
    eb/jump  $next-word-or-expression:regular-word/disp8
$next-word-or-expression:check-for-paren:
    # if (line->data[line->read] != '*') goto next check
    # . eax = line->data[line->read]
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/AL    0xc/disp8       .                 # copy byte at *(esi+ecx+12) to AL
    # . compare
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2a/imm32/asterisk
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-word-or-expression:regular-word/disp8
    # if (line->data[line->read] == ' ') goto error1
    8a/copy-byte                    1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/AL    0xd/disp8       .                 # copy byte at *(esi+ecx+12+1) to AL
    # . compare
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x20/imm32/space
    74/jump-if-equal  $next-word-or-expression:error1/disp8
    # if (line->data[line->read] != '(') goto regular word
    8a/copy-byte                    1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/AL    0xd/disp8       .                 # copy byte at *(esi+ecx+12+1) to AL
    # . compare
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x28/imm32/open-paren
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-word-or-expression:regular-word/disp8
$next-word-or-expression:paren:
    # skip-until-close-paren(line)
    # . . push args
    56/push-esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # if (line->data[line->read] != ')') goto error2
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(esi+4) to ecx
    8a/copy-byte                    1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/AL    0xc/disp8       .                 # copy byte at *(esi+ecx+12) to AL
    # . compare
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x29/imm32/close-paren
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-word-or-expression:error2/disp8
    # skip ')'
    ff          0/subop/increment   1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # increment *(esi+4)
    # fall through
$next-word-or-expression:regular-word:
    # skip-chars-not-matching-whitespace(line)  # including trailing newline
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-not-matching-whitespace/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # out->end = &line->data[line->read]
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(esi+4) to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    6/base/esi  1/index/ecx   .           0/r32/eax   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy esi+ecx+12 to eax
    89/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax to *(edi+4)
$next-word-or-expression:end:
    # . restore registers
    5f/pop-to-edi
    5e/pop-to-esi
    59/pop-to-ecx
    58/pop-to-eax
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

$next-word-or-expression:error1:
    # print(stderr, "error: no space allowed after '*' in '" line "'")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: no space allowed after '*' in '")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: no space allowed after '*' in '"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-stream-data(Stderr, line)
    # . . push args
    56/push-esi
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-stream-data/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "'")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "'"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

$next-word-or-expression:error2:
    # print(stderr, "error: no space allowed after '*' in '" line "'")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: *(...) expression must be all on a single line in '")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: *(...) expression must be all on a single line in '"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-stream-data(Stderr, line)
    # . . push args
    56/push-esi
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-stream-data/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "'")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "'"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

test-next-word-or-expression:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # write(_test-input-stream, "  ab")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "  ab"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # next-word-or-expression(_test-input-stream, slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(_test-input-stream->read, 4, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression/updates-stream-read-correctly"/imm32
    68/push  4/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream->data, 2, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream, 14, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression: start"/imm32
    68/push  0xe/imm32
    # . . push slice->start - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *ecx to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream->data, 4, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream, 16, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression: end"/imm32
    68/push  0x10/imm32
    # . . push slice->end - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-comment:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # write(_test-input-stream, "  # a")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "  # a"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # next-word-or-expression(_test-input-stream, slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(_test-input-stream->read, 5, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-comment/updates-stream-read-correctly"/imm32
    68/push  5/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream->data, 2, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream, 14, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-comment: start"/imm32
    68/push  0xe/imm32
    # . . push slice->start - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *ecx to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream->data, 5, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream, 17, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-comment: end"/imm32
    68/push  0x11/imm32
    # . . push slice->end - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-word-or-expression-returns-empty-slice-on-eof:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # write nothing to _test-input-stream
    # next-word-or-expression(_test-input-stream, slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->end - slice->start, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-empty-expression-on-eof"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    # . . push slice->end - slice->start
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to eax
    2b/subtract                     0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # subtract *ecx from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-word-or-expression-returns-string-literal:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # write(_test-input-stream, " \"a b\"/imm32 ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  " \"a b\"/imm32 "/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # next-word-or-expression(_test-input-stream, slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream->data, 1, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream, 13, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-string-literal: start"/imm32
    68/push  0xd/imm32
    # . . push slice->start - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *ecx to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream->data, 12, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream, 24, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-string-literal: end"/imm32
    68/push  0x18/imm32
    # . . push slice->end - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-word-or-expression-returns-string-with-escapes:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # write(_test-input-stream, " \"a\\\"b\"/x")
    # . . push args
    68/push  " \"a\\\"b\"/x"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # next-word-or-expression(_test-input-stream, slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream->data, 1, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream, 13, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-string-with-escapes: start"/imm32
    68/push  0xd/imm32
    # . . push slice->start - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *ecx to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream->data, 9, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream, 21, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-string-with-escapes: end"/imm32
    68/push  0x15/imm32
    # . . push slice->end - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-expression:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # var slice/ecx = {0, 0}
    68/push  0/imm32/end
    68/push  0/imm32/start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # write(_test-input-stream, " *(a b)/imm32 ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  " *(a b)/imm32 "/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # next-word-or-expression(_test-input-stream, slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-word-or-expression/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream->data, 1, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->start - _test-input-stream, 13, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-expression: start"/imm32
    68/push  0xd/imm32
    # . . push slice->start - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *ecx to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream->data, 13, msg)
    # . check-ints-equal(slice->end - _test-input-stream, 25, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-word-or-expression-returns-whole-expression: end"/imm32
    68/push  0x19/imm32
    # . . push slice->end - _test-input-stream
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to eax
    81          5/subop/subtract    3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               _test-input-stream/imm32 # subtract from eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# Grammar:
#   *reg                    -> 0/mod reg/rm32
#   *(reg)                  -> 0/mod reg/rm32
#   *(reg+disp)             -> 2/mod reg/rm32 disp/disp32
#   *(reg1+reg2<<s)         -> 2/mod 4/rm32 reg1/base reg2/index s/scale 0/disp32
#   *(reg1+reg2<<s+disp)    -> 2/mod 4/rm32 reg1/base reg2/index s/scale disp/disp32
# Intermediate structure: base, index, scale, disp
# Default values: base: 0, index: 4 (none), scale: 0, disp: 0
# beware: modifies 'word'
parse-effective-address:  # word : (address slice) -> base/eax, index/ecx, scale/edx, disp/ebx
    # pseudocode:
    #   ++word->start to skip '*'
    #   initialize defaults: base=0, index=4, scale=0, disp=0
    #   if (*word->start != '(') {
    #     base = get-slice(Registers, word, row-size=8)
    #     return
    #   }
    #   # compound expressions
    #   skip whitespace
    #   read register into base
    #   skip whitespace
    #   if (*word->start == ')') goto end
    #   if (*word->start == '-') goto displacement
    #   if (*word->start != '+') goto error1
    #   ++word->start to skip '+'
    #   skip whitespace
    #   if next 3 characters don't make a register, goto displacement
    #   read register into index
    #   skip whitespace
    #   if (*word->start == ')') goto end
    #   if (*word->start == '<') {
    #     ++word->start to skip '<'
    #     if (*word->start != '<') goto error2
    #     ++word->start to skip '<'
    #     skip whitespace
    #     read integer into scale
    #     skip whitespace
    #     if (*word->start == ')') goto end
    #   }
    #   if (*word->start not in '+' '-') goto error3
    # displacement:
    #   read integer into disp
    #   skip whitespace
    #   if (*word->start != ')') goto error4
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    56/push-esi
    57/push-edi
    # esi = word
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           6/r32/esi   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to esi
    # ++word->start to skip '*'
    ff          0/subop/increment   0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # increment *esi
    # initialize defaults
    # base is in edi; we'll move it to eax just before we return
    bf/copy-to-edi  0/imm32
    b9/copy-to-ecx  4/imm32/no-index
    ba/copy-to-edx  0/imm32/.scale
    bb/copy-to-ebx  0/imm32/disp
$parse-effective-address:check-for-simple-register:
    # if (*word->start == '(') goto compound expression
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *esi to eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *eax to AL
    81          4/subop/and         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               0xff/imm32        # bitwise and of eax
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x28/imm32/open-paren
    74/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:compound-expression/disp8
$parse-effective-address:simple-register:
    # base = get-slice(Registers, word, row-size=8)
    # . eax = get-slice(Registers, word, row-size=8)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "Registers"/imm32
    68/push  8/imm32/row-size
    56/push-esi
    68/push  Registers/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  get-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to esp
    # . base = *eax
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # copy *eax to edi
    # return
    e9/jump  $parse-effective-address:end/disp32
$parse-effective-address:compound-expression:
    # ++word->start to skip '('
    ff          0/subop/increment   0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # increment *esi
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
    # read register into base
    # . eax = next-register(word)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-register/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . edi = *eax
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # copy *eax to edi
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
    # if (*word->start == ')') goto end
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *eax to AL
    81          4/subop/and         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               0xff/imm32        # bitwise and of eax
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x29/imm32/close-paren
    0f 84/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:end/disp32
    # if (*word->start == '-') goto displacement
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2d/imm32/minus
    0f 84/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:displacement/disp32
    # if (*word->start != '+') goto error1
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2b/imm32/plus
    0f 85/jump-if-not-equal  $parse-effective-address:error1/disp32
$parse-effective-address:check-for-index:
    # ++word->start to skip '+'
    ff          0/subop/increment   0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # increment *esi
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
$parse-effective-address:resolve-ambiguity:
    # if next 3 characters don't make a register, goto displacement
    # . spill ecx
    51/push-ecx
    # . var tmp/ecx = {word->start, word->start+3}
    # . . ecx = word->start
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to ecx
    # . . eax = word->start+3
    05/add-to-eax  3/imm32
    # . . push
    50/push-eax
    51/push-ecx
    # . . copy esp to ecx
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # . eax = maybe-get-slice(Register, tmp, row-size=8)
    # . . push args
    68/push  8/imm32/row-size
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  Registers/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  maybe-get-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . reclaim tmp
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . restore ecx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    # . if (eax == 0) goto displacement
    3d/compare-eax-and  0/imm32
    0f 84/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:displacement/disp32
$parse-effective-address:index:
    # read register into index
    # . eax = next-register(word)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-register/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . ecx = *eax
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
    # if (*word->start == ')') goto end
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *eax to AL
    81          4/subop/and         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               0xff/imm32        # bitwise and of eax
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x29/imm32/close-paren
    0f 84/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:end/disp32
$parse-effective-address:check-for-scale:
    # if (*word->start != '<') goto next check
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x3c/imm32/less-than
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $parse-effective-address:check-for-displacement/disp8
    # ++word->start to skip '<'
    ff          0/subop/increment   0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # increment *esi
    # if (*word->start != '<') goto error2
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *esi to eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *eax to AL
    81          4/subop/and         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               0xff/imm32        # bitwise and of eax
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x3c/imm32/less-than
    0f 85/jump-if-not-equal  $parse-effective-address:error2/disp32
    # ++word->start to skip '<'
    ff          0/subop/increment   0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # increment *esi
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
$parse-effective-address:scale:
    # read positive integer into scale
    # . eax = next-positive-hex-int(word)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-positive-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . edx = eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    2/rm32/edx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to edx
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
    # if (*word->start == ')') goto end
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *eax to AL
    81          4/subop/and         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               0xff/imm32        # bitwise and of eax
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x29/imm32/close-paren
    74/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:end/disp8
$parse-effective-address:check-for-displacement:
    # if (*word->start not in '+' '-') goto error3
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2b/imm32/plus
    74/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:displacement/disp8
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2d/imm32/minus
    74/jump-if-equal  $parse-effective-address:displacement/disp8
    e9/jump  $parse-effective-address:error3/disp32
$parse-effective-address:displacement:
    # read integer into disp
    # . eax = next-hex-int(word)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . ebx = eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    3/rm32/ebx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to ebx
    # skip whitespace
    # . eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(esi+4)
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . word->start = eax
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to *esi
    # if (*word->start != ')') goto error4
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *eax to AL
    81          4/subop/and         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           .               0xff/imm32        # bitwise and of eax
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x29/imm32/close-paren
    0f 85/jump-if-not-equal  $parse-effective-address:error4/disp32
$parse-effective-address:end:
    # return base in eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # copy edi to eax
    # . restore registers
    5f/pop-to-edi
    5e/pop-to-esi
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

$parse-effective-address:error1:
    # print(stderr, "error: unexpected character: " eax "\n")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: unexpected character: ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: unexpected character: "/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, eax)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "\n")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "\n"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

$parse-effective-address:error2:
    # print(stderr, "error: '<' can only be followed by '<' but got: " eax "\n")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: '<' can only be followed by '<' but got: ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: '<' can only be followed by '<' but got: "/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, eax)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "\n")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "\n"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

$parse-effective-address:error3:
    # print(stderr, "error: unexpected character before displacement: " eax "\n")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: unexpected character before displacement: ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: unexpected character before displacement: "/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, eax)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "\n")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "\n"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

$parse-effective-address:error4:
    # print(stderr, "error: unexpected character after displacement: " eax "; expected ')' to wrap up\n")
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "error: unexpected character after displacement: ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "error: unexpected character after displacement: "/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, eax)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(Stderr, "; expected ')' to wrap up\n")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "; expected ')' to wrap up\n"/imm32
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

# assumes 'in' starts with a register name, and returns pointer to its code
# side-effect: modifies 'in' to scan past the initial register name
next-register:  # in : (address slice) -> reg/eax : int
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    51/push-ecx
    56/push-esi
    # esi = in
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           6/r32/esi   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to esi
    # var reg-slice/ecx : (address slice) = {in->start, in->start + 3}
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy *esi to eax
    05/add-to-eax  3/imm32
    50/push-eax
    ff          6/subop/push        0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # push *esi
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # in->start += 3
    81          0/subop/add         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           .           .               3/imm32           # add to *esi
    # eax = get-slice(Registers, word, row-size=8)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "next-register"/imm32
    68/push  8/imm32/row-size
    51/push-ecx
    68/push  Registers/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  get-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x10/imm32        # add to esp
$next-register:end:
    # reclaim locals
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . restore registers
    5e/pop-to-esi
    59/pop-to-ecx
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-simple:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*esi"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*esi"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-simple/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 4, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-simple/index"/imm32
    68/push  4/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-simple/scale"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-simple/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-base:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*(esi  )"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(esi  )"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 4, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base/index"/imm32
    68/push  4/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base/scale"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-base-displacement:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*(esi+3)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(esi+3)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-displacement/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 4, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-displacement/index"/imm32
    68/push  4/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-displacement/scale"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, 3, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-displacement/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  3/imm32
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-base-negative-displacement:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*(esi-3)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(esi-3)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-negative-displacement/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 4, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-negative-displacement/index"/imm32
    68/push  4/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-negative-displacement/scale"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, -3, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-negative-displacement/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  -3/imm32
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-base-index:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*(esi+ecx)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(esi+ecx)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 1, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index/index"/imm32
    68/push  1/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index/scale"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/none
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*(esi+ecx<<2)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(esi+ecx<<2)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 1, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/index"/imm32
    68/push  1/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 2, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/scale"/imm32
    68/push  2/imm32
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale-displacement:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # var slice/ecx = "*(esi + ecx<<2 - 0x34)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(esi + ecx<<2 - 0x34)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # . ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax, ecx, edx, ebx = parse-effective-address(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  parse-effective-address/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # slice clobbered beyond this point
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 6, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/base"/imm32
    68/push  6/imm32/esi
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx, 1, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/index"/imm32
    68/push  1/imm32/none
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(edx, 2, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/scale"/imm32
    68/push  2/imm32
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ebx, -0x34, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-parse-effective-address-base-index-scale/displacement"/imm32
    68/push  -0x34/imm32
    53/push-ebx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# Code generation:
#   if index is none and disp is 0, then mod = 0 and rm32 = base
#   if index is none, then mod = 2 and rm32 = base and disp32 = disp
#   if index is not none, then mod = 2 and rm32 = 4 and base = base and index = index and disp32 = disp
emit-indirect-mode:  # out : (address buffered-file), base : int, index : int, scale : int, disp : int
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
$emit-indirect-mode:check-for-sib:
    # if (index == 4/none) goto next check
    81          7/subop/compare     1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0x10/disp8      4/imm32           # compare *(ebp+16)
    0f 84/jump-if-equal  $emit-indirect-mode:check-for-disp/disp32
$emit-indirect-mode:emit-sib:
    # emit(out, "2/mod/indirect 4/rm32/sib " base "/base " index "/index " scale "/scale " disp "/disp32")
    # . write-buffered(out, "2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, base)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/base ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/base "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, index)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0x10/disp8      .                 # push *(ebp+16)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/index ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/index "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, scale)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0x14/disp8      .                 # push *(ebp+20)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/scale ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/scale "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, disp)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0x18/disp8      .                 # push *(ebp+24)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/disp32")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/disp32"/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    e9/jump  $emit-indirect-mode:end/disp32
$emit-indirect-mode:check-for-disp:
    # if (disp == 0) goto next check
    81          7/subop/compare     1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0x18/disp8      0/imm32           # compare *(ebp+24)
    74/jump-if-equal  $emit-indirect-mode:emit-indirect/disp8
$emit-indirect-mode:emit-disp:
    # emit(out, "2/mod/*+disp32 " base "/rm32 " disp "/disp32")
    # . write-buffered(out, "2/mod/*+disp32 ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "2/mod/*+disp32 "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, base)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/rm32 ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/rm32 "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, disp)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0x18/disp8      .                 # push *(ebp+24)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/disp32")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/disp32"/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    eb/jump  $emit-indirect-mode:end/disp8
$emit-indirect-mode:emit-indirect:
    # emit(out, "0/mod/indirect " base "/rm32")
    # . write-buffered(out, "0/mod/indirect ")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "0/mod/indirect "/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . print-int32-buffered(out, base)
    # . . push args
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           0xc/disp8       .                 # push *(ebp+12)
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write-buffered(out, "/rm32")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "/rm32"/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           .           8/disp8         .                 # push *(ebp+8)
    # . . call
    e8/call  write-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
$emit-indirect-mode:end:
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-indirect-mode:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # emit-indirect-mode(_test-output-buffered-file, 0, 4/none, 0, 0)
    # . . write args
    68/push  0/imm32/.disp
    68/push  0/imm32/.scale
    68/push  4/imm32/.index/none
    68/push  0/imm32/.base
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-indirect-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x14/imm32        # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "0/mod/indirect 0/rm32", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-indirect-mode"/imm32
    68/push  "0/mod/indirect 0x00000000/rm32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-indirect-mode-2:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # emit-indirect-mode(_test-output-buffered-file, 6, 4/none, 0, 0)
    # . . write args
    68/push  0/imm32/.disp
    68/push  0/imm32/.scale
    68/push  4/imm32/.index/none
    68/push  7/imm32/.base
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-indirect-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x14/imm32        # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "0/mod/indirect 7/rm32", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-indirect-mode-2"/imm32
    68/push  "0/mod/indirect 0x00000007/rm32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-indirect-mode-with-disp:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # emit-indirect-mode(_test-output-buffered-file, 6, 4/none, 0, 4)
    # . . write args
    68/push  4/imm32/.disp
    68/push  0/imm32/.scale
    68/push  4/imm32/.index/none
    68/push  6/imm32/.base
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-indirect-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x14/imm32        # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "2/mod/*+disp32 6/rm32 4/disp32", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-indirect-mode-with-disp"/imm32
    68/push  "2/mod/*+disp32 0x00000006/rm32 0x00000004/disp32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-indirect-mode-with-disp-negative:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # emit-indirect-mode(_test-output-buffered-file, 6, 4/none, 0, -4)
    # . . write args
    68/push  -4/imm32/.disp
    68/push  0/imm32/.scale
    68/push  4/imm32/.index/none
    68/push  6/imm32/.base
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-indirect-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x14/imm32        # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "2/mod/*+disp32 6/rm32 -4/disp32", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-indirect-mode-with-disp"/imm32
    68/push  "2/mod/*+disp32 0x00000006/rm32 0xfffffffc/disp32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-emit-indirect-mode-with-sib:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4)
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # emit-indirect-mode(_test-output-buffered-file, 6/base, 1/index, 2/scale, 4/disp)
    # . . write args
    68/push  4/imm32/.disp
    68/push  2/imm32/.scale
    68/push  1/imm32/.index
    68/push  6/imm32/.base
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  emit-indirect-mode/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0x14/imm32        # add to esp
    # . flush(_test-output-buffered-file)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-output-buffered-file/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # dump output {{{
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "^")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "^"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write-stream(2/stderr, _test-output-stream)
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write-stream/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # . write(2/stderr, "$\n")
#?     # . . push args
#?     68/push  "$\n"/imm32
#?     68/push  2/imm32/stderr
#?     # . . call
#?     e8/call  write/disp32
#?     # . . discard args
#?     81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
#?     # }}}
    # check-stream-equal(_test-output-stream, "2/mod/indirect 4/rm32/sib 6/base 1/index 2/scale 4/disp", msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-emit-indirect-mode-with-sib"/imm32
    68/push  "2/mod/*+disp32 4/rm32/sib 0x00000006/base 0x00000001/index 0x00000002/scale 0x00000004/disp32"/imm32
    68/push  _test-output-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-stream-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# update line->read to ')'
# line->read ends at ')'
skip-until-close-paren:  # line : (address stream)
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    50/push-eax
    51/push-ecx
    52/push-edx
    # ecx = line
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .                         1/r32/ecx   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to ecx
    # eax = skip-until-close-paren-in-slice(&line->data[line->read], &line->data[line->write])
    # . . push &line->data[line->write]
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .                         2/r32/edx   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+8) to edx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    1/base/ecx  2/index/edx   .           2/r32/edx   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy ecx+edx+12 to edx
    52/push-edx
    # . . push &line->data[line->read]
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .                         2/r32/edx   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(ecx+4) to edx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    1/base/ecx  2/index/edx   .           2/r32/edx   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy ecx+edx+12 to edx
    52/push-edx
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # line->read = eax - line->data
    29/subtract                     3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # subtract ecx from eax
    2d/subtract-from-eax  0xc/imm32
    89/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   1/rm32/ecx    .           .                         0/r32/eax   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax to *(ecx+4)
$skip-until-close-paren:end:
    # . restore registers
    5a/pop-to-edx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    58/pop-to-eax
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-skip-until-close-paren:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "*(abc) def")
    # .                   indices:  0123 45
    # . . push args
    68/push  "*(abc) def"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # precondition: line->read == 0
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren/precondition"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # skip-until-close-paren(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(line->read, 5, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren"/imm32
    68/push  5/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-skip-until-close-paren-ignores-spaces:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "*(a b)/yz")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "*(a b)/yz"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # precondition: line->read == 0
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren-ignores-spaces/precondition"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # skip-until-close-paren(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(line->read, 5, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren-ignores-spaces"/imm32
    68/push  5/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-skip-until-close-paren-works-from-mid-stream:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup
    # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . write(_test-input-stream, "0 *(a b)/yz")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "0 *(a b)/yz"/imm32
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # precondition: _test-input-stream->read == 2
    c7          0/subop/copy        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         2/imm32           # copy to *(eax+4)
    # skip-until-close-paren(_test-input-stream)
    # . . push args
    68/push  _test-input-stream/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(_test-input-stream->read, 7, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren-works-from-mid-stream"/imm32
    68/push  7/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  _test-input-stream/imm32
    ff          6/subop/push        1/mod/*+disp8   0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           .           4/disp8         .                 # push *(eax+4)
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:  # curr : (address byte), end : (address byte) -> new_curr/eax
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    51/push-ecx
    52/push-edx
    # ecx = curr
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .                         1/r32/ecx   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to ecx
    # edx = end
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .                         2/r32/edx   0xc/disp8         .               # copy *(ebp+12) to edx
    # eax = 0
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    # skip initial dquote
    41/increment-ecx
$skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:loop:
    # if (curr >= end) break
    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   .               .                 # compare ecx with edx
    73/jump-if-greater-unsigned-or-equal  $skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:break/disp8
    # AL = *curr
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
$skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:check-close:
    # if (eax == ')') break
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x29/imm32/close-paren
    74/jump-if-equal  $skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:break/disp8
    # ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
    eb/jump  $skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:loop/disp8
$skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:break:
    # return curr
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy ecx to eax
$skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:end:
    # . restore registers
    5a/pop-to-edx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-skip-until-close-paren-in-slice:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup: (eax..ecx) = "*(abc) def"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(abc) def"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # eax = skip-until-close-paren-in-slice(eax, ecx)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx-eax, 5, msg)  # eax is at the ')'
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren-in-slice"/imm32
    68/push  5/imm32
    # . . push ecx-eax
    29/subtract                     3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # subtract eax from ecx
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-skip-until-close-paren-in-slice-ignores-spaces:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup: (eax..ecx) = "*(a b)/yz"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(a b)/yz"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # eax = skip-until-close-paren-in-slice(eax, ecx)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx-eax, 4, msg)  # eax is at the ')'
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren-in-slice-ignores-spaces"/imm32
    68/push  4/imm32
    # . . push ecx-eax
    29/subtract                     3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # subtract eax from ecx
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-skip-until-close-paren-in-slice-stops-at-end:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # setup: (eax..ecx) = "*(abc"  # unbalanced dquote
    b8/copy-to-eax  "*(abc"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # eax = skip-until-close-paren-in-slice(eax, ecx)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-until-close-paren-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(ecx-eax, 0, msg)  # skipped to end of slice
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-skip-until-close-paren-in-slice-stops-at-end"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    # . . push ecx-eax
    29/subtract                     3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # subtract eax from ecx
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# assumes 'in' starts with optional '+' or '-', optional whitespace, and an unsigned integer
# returns the value of the integer
# side-effect: modifies 'in' to skip past the integer
next-hex-int:  # in : (address slice) -> result/eax
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    51/push-ecx
    52/push-edx
    53/push-ebx
    56/push-esi
    57/push-edi
    # result/edi = 0
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # clear edi
    # esi = in
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           6/r32/esi   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to esi
    # edx = in->end
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(esi+4) to edx
    # curr/ecx = in->start
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *esi to ecx
    # negate?/ebx = false
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    3/rm32/ebx    .           .             .           3/r32/ebx   .               .                 # clear ebx
    # eax = *curr
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
$next-hex-int:positive:
    # if (*curr == '+') ++curr
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2b/imm32/+
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-hex-int:negative/disp8
    # . ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
    eb/jump  $next-hex-int:skip-whitespace/disp8
$next-hex-int:negative:
    # else if (*curr == '-') ++curr, negate = true
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x2d/imm32/-
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-hex-int:skip-whitespace/disp8
$next-hex-int:need-to-negate:
    # . ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
    # . negate = true
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32/true
    # fall through
$next-hex-int:skip-whitespace:
    # spill eax
    50/push-eax
    # eax = skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice(word->start, word->end)
    # . . push args
    52/push-edx
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  skip-chars-matching-whitespace-in-slice/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # ecx = eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # copy eax to ecx
    # restore eax
    58/pop-to-eax
$next-hex-int:initial-0:
    # skip past leading '0x'
    # . if (*curr != '0') jump to loop
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x30/imm32/0
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-hex-int:loop/disp8
    # . ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
$next-hex-int:initial-0x:
    # . if (curr >= in->end) return result
    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   .               .                 # compare ecx with edx
    73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned  $next-hex-int:end/disp8
    # . if (*curr != 'x') jump to loop  # the previous '0' is still valid so doesn't need to be checked again
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x78/imm32/x
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-hex-int:loop/disp8
    # . ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
$next-hex-int:loop:
    # if (curr >= in->end) break
    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   .               .                 # compare ecx with edx
    73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned  $next-hex-int:break/disp8
    # if (!is-hex-digit?(*curr)) break
    # . eax = *curr
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    # . eax = is-hex-digit?(*curr)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  is-hex-digit?/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . if (eax == 0) break
    3d/compare-eax-and  0/imm32
    74/jump-if-equal  $next-hex-int:break/disp8
    # eax = from-hex-char(*curr)
    # . . copy arg to eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    # . . call
    e8/call  from-hex-char/disp32
    # result = result * 16 + eax
    c1/shift    4/subop/left        3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm8            # shift edi left by 4 bits
    01/add                          3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # add eax to edi
    # ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
    # loop
    eb/jump  $next-hex-int:loop/disp8
$next-hex-int:break:
    81          7/subop/compare     3/mod/direct    3/rm32/ebx    .           .             .           .           .               0/imm32           # compare ebx
    74/jump-if-equal  $next-hex-int:end/disp8
$next-hex-int:negate:
    f7          3/subop/negate      3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           .           .               .                 # negate edi
$next-hex-int:end:
    # word->start = curr
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy ecx to *esi
    # return edi
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # copy edi to eax
    # . restore registers
    5f/pop-to-edi
    5e/pop-to-esi
    5b/pop-to-ebx
    5a/pop-to-edx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

$next-hex-int:abort:
    # . _write(2/stderr, error)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "next-hex-int: invalid hex char: "/imm32
    68/push  2/imm32/stderr
    # . . call
    e8/call  _write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . clear-stream(Stderr+4)
    # . . save eax
    50/push-eax
    # . . push args
    b8/copy-to-eax  Stderr/imm32
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  clear-stream/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . . restore eax
    58/pop-to-eax
    # . print-int32-buffered(Stderr, eax)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  print-int32-buffered/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . flush(Stderr)
    # . . push args
    68/push  Stderr/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  flush/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . _write(2/stderr, "\n")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "\n"/imm32
    68/push  2/imm32/stderr
    # . . call
    e8/call  _write/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to esp
    # . syscall(exit, 1)
    bb/copy-to-ebx  1/imm32
    b8/copy-to-eax  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8
    # never gets here

test-next-hex-int-single-digit:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "+a)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "+a)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0xa, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-single-digit"/imm32
    68/push  0xa/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-hex-int-multi-digit:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "+ 34a)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "+ 34a)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0x34a, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-multi-digit"/imm32
    68/push  0x34a/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-hex-int-0x-prefix:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "+0x34)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "+0x34)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0x34, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-0x-prefix"/imm32
    68/push  0x34/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-hex-int-zero:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "+0)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "+0)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-zero"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-hex-int-0-prefix:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "+ 03)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "+ 03)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 3, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-0-prefix"/imm32
    68/push  3/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-hex-int-negative:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "-03)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "-03)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, -3, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-negative"/imm32
    68/push  -3/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-hex-int-negative-with-space:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "- 03)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "- 03)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, -3, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-hex-int-negative-with-space"/imm32
    68/push  -3/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

# assumes 'in' starts a positive unsigned integer
# returns the value of the integer
# side-effect: modifies 'in' to skip past the integer
next-positive-hex-int:  # in : (address slice) -> result/eax
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # . save registers
    51/push-ecx
    52/push-edx
    53/push-ebx
    56/push-esi
    57/push-edi
    # result/edi = 0
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # clear edi
    # esi = in
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           6/r32/esi   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(ebp+8) to esi
    # edx = in->end
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   4/disp8         .                 # copy *(esi+4) to edx
    # curr/ecx = in->start
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *esi to ecx
    # negate?/ebx = false
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    3/rm32/ebx    .           .             .           3/r32/ebx   .               .                 # clear ebx
    # eax = *curr
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
$next-positive-hex-int:initial-0:
    # skip past leading '0x'
    # . if (*curr != '0') jump to loop
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x30/imm32/0
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-positive-hex-int:loop/disp8
    # . ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
$next-positive-hex-int:initial-0x:
    # . if (curr >= in->end) return result
    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   .               .                 # compare ecx with edx
    73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned  $next-positive-hex-int:end/disp8
    # . if (*curr != 'x') jump to loop  # the previous '0' is still valid so doesn't need to be checked again
    31/xor                          3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # clear eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    3d/compare-eax-and  0x78/imm32/x
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $next-positive-hex-int:loop/disp8
    # . ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
$next-positive-hex-int:loop:
    # if (curr >= in->end) break
    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           2/r32/edx   .               .                 # compare ecx with edx
    73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned  $next-positive-hex-int:end/disp8
    # if (!is-hex-digit?(*curr)) break
    # . eax = *curr
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    # . eax = is-hex-digit?(*curr)
    # . . push args
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  is-hex-digit?/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # . if (eax == 0) break
    3d/compare-eax-and  0/imm32
    74/jump-if-equal  $next-positive-hex-int:end/disp8
    # eax = from-hex-char(*curr)
    # . . copy arg to eax
    8a/copy-byte                    0/mod/indirect  1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           0/r32/AL    .               .                 # copy byte at *ecx to AL
    # . . call
    e8/call  from-hex-char/disp32
    # result = result * 16 + eax
    c1/shift    4/subop/left        3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm8            # shift edi left by 4 bits
    01/add                          3/mod/direct    7/rm32/edi    .           .             .           0/r32/eax   .               .                 # add eax to edi
    # ++curr
    41/increment-ecx
    # loop
    eb/jump  $next-positive-hex-int:loop/disp8
$next-positive-hex-int:end:
    # word->start = curr
    89/copy                         0/mod/indirect  6/rm32/esi    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy ecx to *esi
    # return edi
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           7/r32/edi   .               .                 # copy edi to eax
    # . restore registers
    5f/pop-to-edi
    5e/pop-to-esi
    5b/pop-to-ebx
    5a/pop-to-edx
    59/pop-to-ecx
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-positive-hex-int-single-digit:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "a)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "a)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-positive-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-positive-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0xa, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-positive-hex-int-single-digit"/imm32
    68/push  0xa/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-positive-hex-int-multi-digit:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "34a)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "34a)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-positive-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-positive-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0x34a, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-positive-hex-int-multi-digit"/imm32
    68/push  0x34a/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-positive-hex-int-0x-prefix:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "0x34)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "0x34)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-positive-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-positive-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0x34, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-positive-hex-int-0x-prefix"/imm32
    68/push  0x34/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-positive-hex-int-zero:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "0"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "0"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-positive-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-positive-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-positive-hex-int-zero"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

test-next-positive-hex-int-0-prefix:
    # . prolog
    55/push-ebp
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/ebp    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ebp
    # (eax..ecx) = "03)"
    b8/copy-to-eax  "03)"/imm32
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/eax    .           .             .           1/r32/ecx   .               .                 # copy *eax to ecx
    8d/copy-address                 1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    0/base/eax  1/index/ecx   .           1/r32/ecx   4/disp8         .                 # copy eax+ecx+4 to ecx
    05/add-to-eax  4/imm32
    # var slice/ecx = {eax, ecx}
    51/push-ecx
    50/push-eax
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ecx    .           .             .           4/r32/esp   .               .                 # copy esp to ecx
    # eax = next-positive-hex-int(slice)
    # . . push args
    51/push-ecx
    # . . call
    e8/call  next-positive-hex-int/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               4/imm32           # add to esp
    # check-ints-equal(eax, 3, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-next-positive-hex-int-0-prefix"/imm32
    68/push  3/imm32
    50/push-eax
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to esp
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/esp    .           .             .           5/r32/ebp   .               .                 # copy ebp to esp
    5d/pop-to-ebp
    c3/return

== data
Registers:  # (table string int)
  # a table is a stream
  0x40/imm32/write
  0/imm32/read
  0x40/imm32/length
  # data
  "eax"/imm32  0/imm32
  "ecx"/imm32  1/imm32
  "edx"/imm32  2/imm32
  "ebx"/imm32  3/imm32
  "esp"/imm32  4/imm32
  "ebp"/imm32  5/imm32
  "esi"/imm32  6/imm32
  "edi"/imm32  7/imm32

# . . vim:nowrap:textwidth=0