.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.28 (Pod::Simple 3.28) .\" .\" Standard preamble: .\" ======================================================================== .de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) .if t .sp .5v .if n .sp .. .de Vb \" Begin verbatim text .ft CW .nf .ne \\$1 .. .de Ve \" End verbatim text .ft R .fi .. .\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will .\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left .\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will .\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and .\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, .\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. .tr \(*W- .ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' .ie n \{\ . ds -- \(*W- . ds PI pi . if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch . if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch . ds L" "" . ds R" "" . ds C` "" . ds C' "" 'br\} .el\{\ . ds -- \|\(em\| . ds PI \(*p . ds L" `` . ds R" '' . ds C` . ds C' 'br\} .\" .\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq .el .ds Aq ' .\" .\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for .\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index .\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the .\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. .\" .\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'. .de IX .. .nr rF 0 .if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1 .if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{ . if \nF \{ . de IX . tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" .. . if !\nF==2 \{ . nr % 0 . nr F 2 . \} . \} .\} .rr rF .\" .\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2). .\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts. . \" fudge factors for nroff and troff .if n \{\ . ds #H 0 . ds #V .8m . ds #F .3m . ds #[ \f1 . ds #] \fP .\} .if t \{\ . ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) . ds #V .6m . ds #F 0 . ds #[ \& . ds #] \& .\} . \" simple accents for nroff and troff .if n \{\ . ds ' \& . ds ` \& . ds ^ \& . ds , \& . ds ~ ~ . ds / .\} .if t \{\ . ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" . ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' . ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' . ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' . ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' . ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' .\} . \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents .ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' .ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' .ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] .ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' .ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' .ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] .ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#] .ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e .ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E . \" corrections for vroff .if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u' .if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' . \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr) .if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \ \{\ . ds : e . ds 8 ss . ds o a . ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga . ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy . ds th \o'bp' . ds Th \o'LP' . ds ae ae . ds Ae AE .\} .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C .\" ======================================================================== .\" .IX Title "RANGER 1" .TH RANGER 1 "ranger-1.6.1" "08/26/2014" "ranger manual" .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. .if n .ad l .nh .SH "NAME" ranger \- visual file manager .SH "SYNOPSIS" .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" \&\fBranger\fR [\fB\-\-version\fR] [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-debug\fR] [\fB\-\-clean\fR] [\fB\-\-confdir\fR=\fIdirectory\fR] [\fB\-\-copy\-config\fR=\fIwhich\fR] [\fB\-\-choosefile\fR=\fItarget\fR] [\fB\-\-choosefiles\fR=\fItarget\fR] [\fB\-\-choosedir\fR=\fItarget\fR] [\fB\-\-selectfile\fR=\fIfilepath\fR] [\fB\-\-list\-unused\-keys\fR] [\fB\-\-list\-tagged\-files\fR=\fItag\fR] [\fB\-\-profile\fR] [\fB\-\-cmd\fR=\fIcommand\fR] [\fIpath\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" ranger is a console file manager with \s-1VI\s0 key bindings. .SH "RESOURCES" .IX Header "RESOURCES" \&\fIThis manual\fR contains instructions on how to use and configure ranger. .PP \&\fIInside ranger\fR, you can press \fI1?\fR for a list of key bindings, \fI2?\fR for commands and \fI3?\fR for settings. .PP The \fI\s-1README\s0\fR contains install instructions. .PP The file \fIdoc/HACKING\fR contains guidelines for code modification. .PP The directory \fIdoc/configs\fR contains configuration files. They are usually installed to \fI/usr/lib/python*/site\-packages/ranger/config\fR and can be obtained with ranger's \-\-copy\-config option. .PP The man page of \fIrifle\fR\|(1) describes the functions of the file opener .PP The section \fI\s-1LINKS\s0\fR of this man page contains further resources. .SH "OPTIONS" .IX Header "OPTIONS" .IP "\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-debug\fR" 14 .IX Item "-d, --debug" Activate the debug mode: Whenever an error occurs, ranger will exit and print a full traceback. The default behavior is to merely print the name of the exception in the statusbar/log and try to keep running. .IP "\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-clean\fR" 14 .IX Item "-c, --clean" Activate the clean mode: ranger will not access or create any configuration files nor will it leave any traces on your system. This is useful when your configuration is broken, when you want to avoid clutter, etc. .IP "\fB\-r\fR \fIdir\fR, \fB\-\-confdir\fR=\fIdir\fR" 14 .IX Item "-r dir, --confdir=dir" Change the configuration directory of ranger from ~/.config/ranger to \*(L"dir\*(R". .IP "\fB\-\-copy\-config\fR=\fIfile\fR" 14 .IX Item "--copy-config=file" Create copies of the default configuration files in your local configuration directory. Existing ones will not be overwritten. Possible values: \fIall\fR, \&\fIcommands\fR, \fIrc\fR, \fIrifle\fR, \fIscope\fR. .IP "\fB\-\-choosefile\fR=\fItargetfile\fR" 14 .IX Item "--choosefile=targetfile" Allows you to pick a file with ranger. This changes the behavior so that when you open a file, ranger will exit and write the absolute path of that file into \&\fItargetfile\fR. .IP "\fB\-\-choosefiles\fR=\fItargetfile\fR" 14 .IX Item "--choosefiles=targetfile" Allows you to pick multiple files with ranger. This changes the behavior so that when you open a file, ranger will exit and write the absolute paths of all selected files into \fItargetfile\fR, adding one newline after each filename. .IP "\fB\-\-choosedir\fR=\fItargetfile\fR" 14 .IX Item "--choosedir=targetfile" Allows you to pick a directory with ranger. When you exit ranger, it will write the last visited directory into \fItargetfile\fR. .IP "\fB\-\-selectfile\fR=\fItargetfile\fR" 14 .IX Item "--selectfile=targetfile" Open ranger with \fItargetfile\fR selected. .IP "\fB\-\-list\-unused\-keys\fR" 14 .IX Item "--list-unused-keys" List common keys which are not bound to any action in the \*(L"browser\*(R" context. This list is not complete, you can bind any key that is supported by curses: use the key code returned by \f(CW\*(C`getch()\*(C'\fR. .IP "\fB\-\-list\-tagged\-files\fR=\fItag\fR" 14 .IX Item "--list-tagged-f
if __name__ == '__main__': from __init__ import init; init()

import unittest
import curses
from random import randint

from ranger.gui.displayable import Displayable, DisplayableContainer
from test import Fake, OK, raise_ok

class TestWithFakeCurses(unittest.TestCase):
	def setUp(self):
		self.win = Fake()
		self.fm = Fake()
		self.env = Fake()
		self.settings = Fake()
		self.initdict = {'win': self.win, 'settings': self.settings,
				'fm': self.fm, 'env': self.env}

		self.disp = Displayable(**self.initdict)
		self.disc = DisplayableContainer(**self.initdict)
		self.disc.add_child(self.disp)

		hei, wid = 100, 100
		self.env.termsize = (hei, wid)

	def tearDown(self):
		self.disp.destroy()
		self.disc.destroy()

	def test_colorscheme(self):
		# Using a color method implies change of window attributes
		disp = self.disp

		disp.win.chgat = raise_ok
		disp.win.attrset = raise_ok

		self.assertRaises(OK, disp.color, 'a', 'b')
		self.assertRaises(OK, disp.color_at, 0, 0, 0, 'a', 'b')
		self.assertRaises(OK, disp.color_reset)

	def test_focused_object(self):
		d1 = Displayable(**self.initdict)
		d2 = DisplayableContainer(**self.initdict)
		for obj in (Displayable(**self.initdict) for x in range(5)):
			d2.add_child(obj)
		d3 = DisplayableContainer(**self.initdict)
		for obj in (Displayable(**self.initdict) for x in range(5)):
			d3.add_child(obj)

		for obj in (d1, d2, d3):
			self.disc.add_child(obj)

		d3.container[3].focused = True

		self.assertEqual(self.disc._get_focused_obj(), d3.container[3])

		d3.container[3].focused = False
		d2.container[0].focused = True

		self.assertEqual(self.disc._get_focused_obj(), d2.container[0])

gWin = None

class TestDisplayableWithCurses(unittest.TestCase):
	def setUp(self):
		global gWin
		if not gWin:
			gWin = curses.initscr()
		self.win = gWin
		curses.cbreak()
		curses.noecho()
		curses.start_color()
		curses.use_default_colors()

		self.fm = Fake()
		self.env = Fake()
		self.settings = Fake()
		self.initdict = {'win': self.win, 'settings': self.settings,
				'fm': self.fm, 'env': self.env}
		self.disp = Displayable(**self.initdict)
		self.disc = DisplayableContainer(**self.initdict)
		self.disc.add_child(self.disp)

		self.env.termsize = self.win.getmaxyx()

	def tearDown(self):
		self.disp.destroy()
		curses.nocbreak()
		curses.echo()
		curses.endwin()

	def test_boundaries(self):
		disp = self.disp
		hei, wid = self.env.termsize

		self.assertRaises(ValueError, disp.resize, 0, 0, hei + 1, wid)
		self.assertRaises(ValueError, disp.resize, 0, 0, hei, wid + 1)
		self.assertRaises(ValueError, disp.resize, -1, 0, hei, wid)
		self.assertRaises(ValueError, disp.resize, 0, -1, hei, wid)

		box = [int(randint(0, hei) * 0.2), 0,
				int(randint(0, wid) * 0.2), 0]
		box[1] = randint(box[0], hei)
		box[1] = randint(box[0], hei)

		def in_box(y, x):
			return (x >= box[1] and x < box[1] + box[3]) and \
					(y >= box[0] and y < box[0] + box[2])

		disp.resize(*box)
		for y, x in zip(range(10), range(10)):
			is_in_box = in_box(y, x)

			point1 = (y, x)
			self.assertEqual(is_in_box, point1 in disp)

			point2 = Fake()
			point2.x = x
			point2.y = y
			self.assertEqual(is_in_box, point2 in disp)

	def test_click(self):
		self.disp.click = raise_ok

		hei, wid = self.env.termsize

		for i in range(50):
			winwid = randint(2, wid-1)
			winhei = randint(2, hei-1)
			self.disc.resize(0, 0, hei, wid)
			self.disp.resize(0, 0, winhei, winwid)
			fakepos = Fake()

			fakepos.x = winwid - 2
			fakepos.y = winhei - 2
			self.assertRaises(OK, self.disc.click, fakepos)

			fakepos.x = winwid
			fakepos.y = winhei
			self.disc.click(fakepos)


if __name__ == '__main__':
	unittest.main()
or searching, traveling and filtering files. The command takes various flags as arguments which can be used to influence its behaviour: .Sp .Vb 10 \& \-a = automatically open a file on unambiguous match \& \-e = open the selected file when pressing enter \& \-f = filter files that match the current search pattern \& \-g = interpret pattern as a glob pattern \& \-i = ignore the letter case of the files \& \-k = keep the console open when changing a directory with the command \& \-l = letter skipping; e.g. allow "rdme" to match the file "readme" \& \-m = mark the matching files after pressing enter \& \-M = unmark the matching files after pressing enter \& \-p = permanent filter: hide non\-matching files after pressing enter \& \-s = smart case; like \-i unless pattern contains upper case letters \& \-t = apply filter and search pattern as you type \& \-v = inverts the match .Ve .Sp Multiple flags can be combined. For example, \*(L":scout \-gpt\*(R" would create a :filter\-like command using globbing. .IP "search \fIpattern\fR" 2 .IX Item "search pattern" Search files in the current directory that match the given (case insensitive) regular expression pattern. .Sp This command is based on the \fIscout\fR command and supports all of its options. .IP "search_inc \fIpattern\fR" 2 .IX Item "search_inc pattern" Search files in the current directory that match the given (case insensitive) regular expression pattern. This command gets you to matching files as you type. .Sp This command is based on the \fIscout\fR command and supports all of its options. .IP "set \fIoption\fR \fIvalue\fR" 2 .IX Item "set option value" Assigns a new value to an option. Valid options are listed in the settings section. Use tab completion to get the current value of an option, though this doesn't work for functions and regular expressions. Valid values are: .Sp .Vb 7 \& setting type | example values \& \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-+\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\- \& bool | true, false \& integer | 1, 23, 1337 \& string | foo, hello world \& list | 1,2,3,4 \& none | none .Ve .IP "setlocal [path=\fIpath\fR] \fIoption\fR \fIvalue\fR" 2 .IX Item "setlocal [path=path] option value" Assigns a new value to an option, but locally for the directory given by \&\fIpath\fR. This means, that this option only takes effect when visiting that directory. If no path is given, uses the current directory. .IP "shell [\-\fIflags\fR] \fIcommand\fR" 2 .IX Item "shell [-flags] command" Run a shell command. \fIflags\fR are discussed in their own section. .IP "terminal" 2 .IX Item "terminal" Spawns the \fIx\-terminal-emulator\fR starting in the current directory. .IP "tmap \fIkey\fR \fIcommand\fR" 2 .IX Item "tmap key command" Binds keys for the taskview. Works like the \f(CW\*(C`map\*(C'\fR command. .IP "touch \fIfilename\fR" 2 .IX Item "touch filename" Creates an empty file with the name \fIfilename\fR, unless it already exists. .IP "travel \fIpattern\fR" 2 .IX Item "travel pattern" Filters the current directory for files containing the letters in the string, possibly with other letters in between. The filter is applied as you type. When only one directory is left, it is entered and the console is automatically reopened, allowing for fast travel. To close the console, press \s-1ESC\s0 or execute a file. .Sp This command is based on the \fIscout\fR command and supports all of its options. .IP "tunmap [\fIkeys ...\fR]" 2 .IX Item "tunmap [keys ...]" Removes key mappings of the taskview. Works like the \f(CW\*(C`unmap\*(C'\fR command. .IP "unmap [\fIkeys\fR ...]" 2 .IX Item "unmap [keys ...]" Removes the given key mappings in the \*(L"browser\*(R" context. To unmap key bindings in the console, taskview, or pager use \*(L"cunmap\*(R", \*(L"tunmap\*(R" or \*(L"punmap\*(R". .IP "unmark \fIpattern\fR" 2 .IX Item "unmark pattern" Unmark all files matching a regular expression pattern. .Sp This command is based on the \fIscout\fR command and supports all of its options. .IP "unmark_tag [\fItags\fR]" 2 .IX Item "unmark_tag [tags]" Unmark all tags that are tagged with either of the given tags. When leaving out the tag argument, all tagged files are unmarked. .SH "FILES" .IX Header "FILES" ranger reads several configuration files which are located in \&\fI\f(CI$HOME\fI/.config/ranger\fR or \fI\f(CI$XDG_CONFIG_HOME\fI/ranger\fR if \f(CW$XDG_CONFIG_HOME\fR is defined. You can use the \-\-copy\-config option to obtain the default configuration files. Each of the files contains further documentation. .PP You don't need to copy the whole file though, most configuration files are overlaid on top of the defaults (\fIcommands.py\fR, \fIrc.conf\fR) or can be sub-classed (\fIcolorschemes\fR). .PP When starting ranger with the \fB\-\-clean\fR option, it will not access or create any of these files. .SS "\s-1CONFIGURATION\s0" .IX Subsection "CONFIGURATION" .IP "rc.conf" 10 .IX Item "rc.conf" Contains a list of commands which are executed on startup. Mostly key bindings and settings are defined here. .IP "commands.py" 10 .IX Item "commands.py" A python module that defines commands which can be used in ranger's console by typing \*(L":\*(R" or in the rc.conf file. .IP "rifle.conf" 10 .IX Item "rifle.conf" This is the configuration file for the built-in file launcher called \*(L"rifle\*(R". .IP "scope.sh" 10 .IX Item "scope.sh" This is a script that handles file previews. When the options \&\fIuse_preview_script\fR and \fIpreview_files\fR are set, the program specified in the option \fIpreview_script\fR is run and its output and/or exit code determines rangers reaction. .IP "colorschemes/" 10 .IX Item "colorschemes/" Colorschemes can be placed here. .IP "plugins/" 10 .IX Item "plugins/" Plugins can be placed here. .SS "\s-1STORAGE\s0" .IX Subsection "STORAGE" .IP "bookmarks" 10 .IX Item "bookmarks" This file contains a list of bookmarks. The syntax is /^(.):(.*)$/. The first character is the bookmark key and the rest after the colon is the path to the file. In ranger, bookmarks can be set by typing m, accessed by typing \&' and deleted by typing um. .IP "copy_buffer" 10 .IX Item "copy_buffer" When running the command :save_copy_buffer, the paths of all currently copied files are saved in this file. You can later run :load_copy_buffer to copy the same files again, pass them to another ranger instance or process them in a script. .IP "history" 10 .IX Item "history" Contains a list of commands that have been previously typed in. .IP "tagged" 10 .IX Item "tagged" Contains a list of tagged files. The syntax is /^(.:)?(.*)$/ where the first letter is the optional name of the tag and the rest after the optional colon is the path to the file. In ranger, tags can be set by pressing t and removed with T. To assign a named tag, type ". .SH "ENVIRONMENT" .IX Header "ENVIRONMENT" These environment variables have an effect on ranger: .IP "\s-1RANGER_LEVEL\s0" 8 .IX Item "RANGER_LEVEL" ranger sets this environment variable to \*(L"1\*(R" or increments it if it already exists. External programs can determine whether they were spawned from ranger by checking for this variable. .IP "\s-1RANGER_LOAD_DEFAULT_RC\s0" 8 .IX Item "RANGER_LOAD_DEFAULT_RC" If this variable is set to \s-1FALSE,\s0 ranger will not load the default rc.conf. This can save time if you copied the whole rc.conf to ~/.config/ranger/ and don't need the default one at all. .IP "\s-1EDITOR\s0" 8 .IX Item "EDITOR" Defines the editor to be used for the \*(L"E\*(R" key. Defaults to \*(L"nano\*(R". .IP "\s-1SHELL\s0" 8 .IX Item "SHELL" Defines the shell that ranger is going to use with the :shell command and the \*(L"S\*(R" key. Defaults to \*(L"/bin/sh\*(R". .IP "\s-1TERMCMD\s0" 8 .IX Item "TERMCMD" Defines the terminal emulator command that ranger is going to use with the :terminal command and the \*(L"t\*(R" run flag. Defaults to \*(L"xterm\*(R". .IP "\s-1XDG_CONFIG_HOME\s0" 8 .IX Item "XDG_CONFIG_HOME" Specifies the directory for configuration files. Defaults to \fI\f(CI$HOME\fI/.config\fR. .IP "\s-1PYTHONOPTIMIZE\s0" 8 .IX Item "PYTHONOPTIMIZE" This variable determines the optimize level of python. .Sp Using PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1 (like python \-O) will make python discard assertion statements. You will gain efficiency at the cost of losing some debug info. .Sp Using PYTHONOPTIMIZE=2 (like python \-OO) will additionally discard any docstrings. Using this will disable the key on commands. .IP "W3MIMGDISPLAY_PATH" 8 .IX Item "W3MIMGDISPLAY_PATH" By changing this variable, you can change the path of the executable file for image previews. By default, it is set to \fI/usr/lib/w3m/w3mimgdisplay\fR. .SH "EXAMPLES" .IX Header "EXAMPLES" There are various examples on how to extend ranger with plugins or combine ranger with other programs. These can be found in the \&\fI/usr/share/doc/ranger/examples/\fR directory, or the \fIdoc/ranger/\fR that is provided along with the source code. .SH "LICENSE" .IX Header "LICENSE" \&\s-1GNU\s0 General Public License 3 or (at your option) any later version. .SH "LINKS" .IX Header "LINKS" .IP "Download: " 4 .IX Item "Download: " .PD 0 .IP "The project page: " 4 .IX Item "The project page: " .IP "The mailing list: " 4 .IX Item "The mailing list: " .PD .PP ranger is maintained with the git version control system. To fetch a fresh copy, run: .PP .Vb 1 \& git clone git://git.savannah.nongnu.org/ranger.git .Ve .SH "SEE ALSO" .IX Header "SEE ALSO" \&\fIrifle\fR\|(1) .SH "BUGS" .IX Header "BUGS" Report bugs here: .PP Please include as much relevant information as possible. For the most diagnostic output, run ranger like this: \f(CW\*(C`PYTHONOPTIMIZE= ranger \-\-debug\*(C'\fR