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<title>2.4. Consoles, terminals and shells</title>
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<h1>2.4. Consoles, terminals and shells</h1>
<dl>
<dt>Consoles</dt>
<dd>Consoles and Virtual Consoles provides input and output
with a computer using serial communication. Initially console
was a physical device containing a terminal with a monitor and
keyboard.</dd>
<dt>Terminal</dt>
<dd>A terminal provides text input/output environment
that can be used to interact with a console (monitor or keyboard)
or transmitted using serial communication.
Initially a terminal was a electronic device connected to a
microcomputer or mainframe that take input from a keyboard and
output to a text mode screen. Terminals or ttys are provided by the
kernel. Example of terminal emulators; tmux, ssh, st.<dd>
<dt>Shell</dt>
<dd>Shell are command line interpreter that a terminal
runs. Shells also manage foreground and background
processes. Example of shells dash and bash.</dd>
</dl>
<p>Content of /etc/inittab shows layout organization and default
run level and ttys;</p>
<pre>
#
# /etc/inittab: system runlevel description
#
# Runlevels:
# 0 Halt
# 1(S) Single-user
# 2 Multi-user
# 3-5 Not used
# 6 Reboot
id:2:initdefault:
rc::sysinit:/etc/rc
rs:S1:wait:/etc/rc.single
rm:2:wait:/etc/rc.multi
rd:06:wait:/etc/rc.shutdown
su:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin -p
c1:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty --noclear 38400 tty1 linux
c2:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty2 linux
c3:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty3 linux
c4:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty4 linux
c5:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty5 linux
c6:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 tty6 linux
#s1:2:respawn:/sbin/agetty 38400 ttyS0 vt100
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
# End of file
</pre>
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<p>This is part of the c9 Manual.
Copyright (C) 2016
c9 team.
See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
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