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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<title>Storage</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="index.html">Systools Index</a>
<h1>Storage</h1>
<h2 id="mv">Moving partitions</h2>
<pre>
var
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 57GiB 200GiB
</pre>
<pre>
swap
(parted) mkpart primary linux-swap 29GiB 57GiB
</pre>
<pre>
home
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 57GiB 200GiB
</pre>
<pre>
srv
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 200GiB 100%
</pre>
<p>Reboot into single-user mode where services aren't started and networking is offline.<p>
<pre>
# init 1
</pre>
<p>Copy the data:</p>
cp -apx /srv/* /mnt/srv
<p>Rename directory, for later backup;</p>
<pre>
mv /srv /srv.old
mkdir /srv
</pre>
<p>Edit the <a href="../conf/etc/fstab">/etc/fstab</a>file:</p>
<pre>
# Server Data /srv
UUID=6fadcb98-e442-4af7-a5f2-1ddb6100a8c4 /srv ext4 defaults 0 2
</pre>
<p>Reboot in normal mode.</p>
<h2 id="lvm">1.2. LVM</h2>
<p>Read <a href="https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/RAID_setup">Raid Setup</a>,
the only thing you will need outside system is:
"Patience, Pizza, and your favorite caffeinated beverage.".
<a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Software_RAID_and_LVM">Arch Wiki</a>
article about Sofware RAID and LVM.</p>
<p>Basic idea behind RAID is to deal with independent disks
as an array of drives. Raid 0 uses two or more disks as one,
with performance gains without fault-tolerance. From raid 1
to 6 they offer diferent fault tolerance mechanisms.</p>
<p>LVM or Logic Volume Manager bring one more layer, read
<a href="http://www.tuxradar.com/content/lvm-made-easy">Lvm made easy</a>.
Partitions under lvm are easy to be resized, moved and there is
a tool to help encrypt. There is more freedom to name physical
disk names exp; production, development, backups...</p>
<p>Until now "from install" there is only one partition,
it is good idea to have a system with diferent partitions for each
propos. If is a "fresh install";</p>
<pre>
# cd /iso/crux/opt/
# pkgadd lvm2#2.02.107-1.pkg.tar.xz
#
</pre>
<h3>Multiple Partition</h3>
<p>Create a LVM partition, fdisk should
show something like this;</p>
<pre>
# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.26.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 232.9 GiB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: E37FE96F-9845-45A4-B6DA-BF3F8E47511A
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 8056 6009 3M BIOS boot
/dev/sdb2 8192 18440191 18432000 8.8G Linux filesystem
Command (m for help):
</pre>
<p>I use defaults unless to define system partition last sector,
where in this example is size, +80G</p>
<pre>
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3):
First sector (8057-488397134, default 18440192):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (18440192-488397134, default 488397134): +80G
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 80 GiB.
Command (m for help):
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 23
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (4-128, default 4):
First sector (8057-488397134, default 186212352):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (186212352-488397134, default 488397134):
Created a new partition 4 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 144.1 GiB.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4, default 4):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 23
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
#
</pre>
<h3>Create Phisical Volume</h3>
<pre>
# pvcreate /dev/sdb3
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
#
# pvcreate /dev/sdb4
Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created
#
</pre>
<h3>Create Volume Group</h3>
<pre>
# vgcreate systemvg /dev/sdb3
Volume group "systemvg" successfully created
# vgcreate homevg /dev/sdb4
Volume group "homevg" successfully created
#
</pre>
<h3>Create Logical Volume</h3>
<pre>
# lvcreate -L 15G -n distfileslv systemvg
Logical volume "distfileslv" created.
# lvcreate -L 8G -n packageslv systemvg
Logical volume "packageslv" created.
# lvcreate -L 4G -n swaplv systemvg
Logical volume "swaplv" created.
# lvcreate -L 80G -n homelv homevg
Logical volume "homelv" created.
#
</pre>
<pre>
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/systemvg/distfileslv
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/systemvg/packageslv
# mkswap /dev/systemvg/swaplv
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/homevg/homelv
</pre>
<h3>Activate Deactivate</h3>
<p>Deactivate logical volumes;</p>
<pre>
# lvchange -a -n /dev/systemvg/packageslv
# lvchange -a -n /dev/systemvg/distfileslv
# swapoff /dev/systemvg/sawplv
# lvchange -a -n /dev/systemvg/swaplv
</pre>
<p>Deactivate volume group;</p>
<pre>
# vgchange -a n systemvg
0 logical volume(s) in volume group "systemvg" now active
#
</pre>
<p>Activate volume group;</p>
<pre>
# vgchange -a y systemvg
3 logical volume(s) in volume group "systemvg" now active
#
</pre>
<h3>Search Volume Groups</h3>
<pre>
# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "homevg" using metadata type lvm2
Found volume group "systemvg" using metadata type lvm2
#
</pre>
<h3>Reconfigure System</h3>
<p>Start by mounting distfileslv and packageslv;</p>
<pre>
# mkdir -p /var/ports/distfiles
# mkdir -p /var/ports/packages
# mkdir -p /var/ports/work
# mkdir -p /var/ports/pkgbuild
# chown -R pkgmk:pkgmk /var/ports
#
</pre>
<pre>
# vim /etc/pkgmk.conf
# PKGMK_SOURCE_MIRRORS=()
PKGMK_SOURCE_DIR="/var/ports/distfiles"
PKGMK_PACKAGE_DIR="/var/ports/packages"
PKGMK_WORK_DIR="/var/ports/work/$name
</pre>
<p>Edit /etc/prt-get.conf;</p>
<pre>
### log options:
writelog enabled # (enabled|disabled)
logmode overwrite # (append|overwrite)
rmlog_on_success yes # (no|yes)
logfile /var/ports/pkgbuild/%n.log
</pre>
<pre>
#
# /etc/fstab: static file system information
#
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
UUID=49031e4e-f899-499d-ac83-401ad12635f5 / ext4 defaults,errors=remount-ro,noatime 0 1
#/dev/mapper/homevg-homelv:
UUID=c3158626-de78-4bfa-ab8a-9e7e157eca88 /home ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2
#/dev/mapper/systemvg-distfileslv:
UUID=0aba2d28-8e3a-4a89-bff5-1698708e13d0 /var/ports/distfiles ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2
#/dev/mapper/systemvg-packageslv:
UUID=b5a38930-2827-4f00-809a-a0c4d5488aa8 /var/ports/packages ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2
#/dev/mapper/systemvg-swaplv:
UUID=08295a67-a056-4dea-9462-209f151e4cdf swap swap defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts noexec,nosuid,gid=tty,mode=0620 0 0
tmp /tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
pkgmk /var/ports/work tmpfs size=1G,uid=100,defaults 0 0
# End of file
</pre>
<p>You can move home directory to new one with
just one command; "usermod -m -d /home/new user".</p>
<pre>
# mount /var/ports/distfiles
# mount /var/ports/packages
# umount /home/pkgmk/work
# mount /var/ports/work
# mv /home/pkgmk/distfiles/* /var/ports/distfiles/
# mv /home/pkgmk/packages/* /var/ports/packages/
# rm -R /home/pkgmk
# usermod -d /var/ports pkgmk
</pre>
<p>Check ownership, you may need recursive if partition
has bin used on another system.</p>
<pre>
# chown pkgmk:pkgmk /var/ports/distfiles
# chown pkgmk:pkgmk /var/ports/packages
#
</pre>
<pre>
# mkdir /home/tmp
# mount /dev/homevg/homelv /home/tmp
# mv /home/user /home/tmp
# umount /home/tmp
# rmdir /home/tmp
# rm -R /home/user
</pre>
<h2>Maintenance</h2>
<pre>
# smartctl -t long /dev/sdb1
# smartctl -a /dev/sdb1 | less
</pre>
<p><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Badblocks">Non Destructive Test;</a></p>
<pre>
# badblocks -nsv /dev/sdb1
</pre>
<h2>Example gitolite volume</h2>
<p>Lets create new lvm volume for repositories data;</p>
<pre>
# lvcreate -L 15G -n gitlv homevg
Logical volume "gitlv" created.
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/homevg/gitlv
mke2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Creating filesystem with 3932160 4k blocks and 983040 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 54c7dca5-1558-4f90-8d81-c01e4e50c6ae
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
#
</pre>
<p>Edit fstab</p>
<pre>
UUID=54c7dca5-1558-4f90-8d81-c01e4e50c6ae /srv/git ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2
</pre>
<h2 id="btrfs">1.3. BTRFS</h2>
<a href="index.html">Systools Index</a>
<p>
This is part of the c9-doc Manual.
Copyright (C) 2016
Silvino Silva.
See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
for copying conditions.</p>
</body>
</html>
|