<html>
<head>
<title>dwm - dynamic window manager</title>
<meta name="author" content="Anselm R. Garbe">
<meta name="generator" content="ed">
<meta name="copyright" content="(C)opyright 2006 by Anselm R. Garbe">
<style type="text/css">
body {
color: #000000;
font-family: sans-serif;
margin: 20px 20px 20px 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<img src="dwm.png"/><br />
<h3>dynamic window manager</h3>
</center>
<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
dwm is a dynamic window manager for X11.
</p>
<h3>Philosophy</h3>
<p>
As founder and main developer of wmii I came to the conclusion that
wmii is too clunky for my needs. I don't need so many funky features
and all this hype about remote control through a 9P service, I only
want to manage my windows in a simple, but dynamic way. wmii never got
finished because I listened to users, who proposed arbitrary ideas I
considered useful. This resulted in an extreme <a href="http://www.jwz.org/doc/cadt.html">CADT</a>
development model, which was a mistake. Thus the philosophy of
dwm is simply <i>to fit my needs</i> (maybe yours as well). That's it.
</p>
<h3>Differences to wmii</h3
<p>
In contrast to wmii, dwm is only a window manager, and nothing else.
Hence, it is much smaller, faster and simpler.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
dwm has no 9P support, no menu, no editable tagbars,
no shell-based configuration and remote control and comes without
any additional tools like printing the selection or warping the
mouse.
</li>
<li>
dwm is only a single binary, it's source code is intended to never
exceed 2000 SLOC.
</li>
<li>
dwm is customized through editing its source code, that makes it
extremely fast and secure - it does not process any input data which
hasn't been known at compile time, except window title names.
</li>
<li>
dwm is based on tagging and dynamic window management (however simpler
than wmii or larswm).
</li>
<li>
dwm don't distinguishes between layers, there is no floating or
managed layer. Wether the clients of currently selected tag are
managed or not, you can re-arrange all clients on the fly. Popup-
and fixed-size windows are treated unmanaged.
</li>
<li>
dwm uses 1-pixel borders to provide the maximum of screen real
estate to clients. Small titlebars are only drawn in front of unfocused
clients.
</li>
<li>
dwm reads from <b>stdin</b> to print arbitrary status text (like the
date, load, battery charge). That's much simpler than larsremote,
wmiir and what not...
</li>
<li>
Anselm <b>does not</b> want any feedback to dwm. If you ask for support,
feature requests, or if you report bugs, they will be <b>ignored</b>
with a high chance. dwm is only intended to fit Anselms needs.
However you are free to download and distribute/relicense it, with the
conditions of the <a href="http://wmii.de/cgi-bin/hgwebdir.cgi/dwm?f=f10eb1139362;file=LICENSE;style=raw">MIT/X Consortium license</a>.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Screenshot</h3>
<p>
<a href="http://wmii.de/shots/dwm-20060714.png">Click here for a screenshot</a> (20060714)
</p>
<h3>Development</h3>
<p>
dwm is actively developed in parallel to wmii. You can <a href="http://wmii.de/cgi-bin/hgwebdir.cgi/dwm">browse</a> its source code repository or get a copy using <a href="http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/">Mercurial</a> with following command:
</p>
<p>
<code>hg clone http://wmii.de/cgi-bin/hgwebdir.cgi/dwm</code>
</p>
<h3>Download</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://wmii.de/download/dwm-0.1.tar.gz">dwm 0.1</a> (12kb) (20060714)</li>
pre { line-height: 125%; }
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* (C)opyright MMVI Anselm R. Garbe <garbeam at gmail dot com>
* See LICENSE file for license details.
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include "dwm.h"
void (*arrange)(Arg *) = tiling;
static Rule rule[] = {
/* class instance tags floating */
{ "Firefox-bin", "Gecko", { [Twww] = "www" }, False },
};
static Client *
next(Client *c)
{
for(; c && !c->tags[tsel]; c = c->next);
return c;
}
void
zoom(Arg *arg)
{
Client **l, *c;
if(!sel)
return;
if(sel == next(clients) && sel->next) {
if((c = next(sel->next)))
sel = c;
}
for(l = &clients; *l && *l != sel; l = &(*l)->next);
*l = sel->next;
sel->next = clients; /* pop */
clients = sel;
arrange(NULL);
focus(sel);
}
void
max(Arg *arg)
{
if(!sel)
return;
sel->x = sx;
sel->y = sy + bh;
sel->w = sw - 2 * sel->border;
sel->h = sh - 2 * sel->border - bh;
craise(sel);
resize(sel, False);
}
void
view(Arg *arg)
{
Client *c;
tsel = arg->i;
arrange(NULL);
for(c = clients; c; c = next(c->next))
draw_client(c);
draw_bar();
}
void
tappend(Arg *arg)
{
if(!sel)
return;
sel->tags[arg->i] = tags[arg->i];
arrange(NULL);
}
void
ttrunc(Arg *arg)
{
int i;
if(!sel)
return;
for(i = 0; i < TLast; i++)
sel->tags[i] = NULL;
tappend(arg);
}
static void
ban_client(Client *c)
{
XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
XMoveWindow(dpy, c->title, c->tx + 2 * sw, c->ty);
}
void
floating(Arg *arg)
{
Client *c;
arrange = floating;
for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
if(c->tags[tsel])
resize(c, True);
else
ban_client(c);
}
if(sel && !sel->tags[tsel]) {
if((sel = next(clients))) {
craise(sel);
focus(sel);
}
}
}
void
tiling(Arg *arg)
{
Client *c;
int n, i, w, h;
w = sw - mw;
arrange = tiling;
for(n = 0, c = clients; c; c = c->next)
if(c->tags[tsel] && !c->floating)
n++;
if(n > 1)
h = (sh - bh) / (n - 1);
else
h = sh - bh;
for(i = 0, c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
if(c->tags[tsel]) {
if(c->floating) {
craise(c);
resize(c, True);
continue;
}
if(n == 1) {
c->x = sx;
c->y = sy + bh;
c->w = sw - 2 * c->border;
c->h = sh - 2 * c->border - bh;
}
else if(i == 0) {
c->x = sx;
c->y = sy + bh;
c->w = mw - 2 * c->border;
c->h = sh - 2 * c->border - bh;
}
else {
c->x = sx + mw;
c->y = sy + (i - 1) * h + bh;
c->w = w - 2 * c->border;
c->h = h - 2 * c->border;
}
resize(c, False);
i++;
}
else
ban_client(c);
}
if(!sel || (sel && !sel->tags[tsel])) {
if((sel = next(clients))) {
craise(sel);
focus(sel);
}
}
}
void
prevc(Arg *arg)
{
Client *c;
if(!sel)
return;
if((c = sel->revert && sel->revert->tags[tsel] ? sel->revert : NULL)) {
craise(c);
focus(c);
}
}
void
nextc(Arg *arg)
{
Client *c;
if(!sel)
return;
if(!(c = next(sel->next)))
c = next(clients);
if(c) {
craise(c);
c->revert = sel;
focus(c);
}
}
void
ckill(Arg *arg)
{
if(!sel)
return;
if(sel->proto & WM_PROTOCOL_DELWIN)
send_message(sel->win, wm_atom[WMProtocols], wm_atom[WMDelete]);
else
XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
}
static void
resize_title(Client *c)
{
int i;
c->tw = 0;
for(i = 0; i < TLast; i++)
if(c->tags[i])
c->tw += textw(c->tags[i]) + dc.font.height;
c->tw += textw(c->name) + dc.font.height;
if(c->tw > c->w)
c->tw = c->w + 2;
c->tx = c->x + c->w - c->tw + 2;
c->ty = c->y;
XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->title, c->tx, c->ty, c->tw, c->th);
}
void
update_name(Client *c)
{
XTextProperty name;
int n;
char **list = NULL;
name.nitems = 0;
c->name[0] = 0;
XGetTextProperty(dpy, c->win, &name, net_atom[NetWMName]);
if(!name.nitems)
XGetWMName(dpy, c->win, &name);
if(!name.nitems)
return;
if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
strncpy(c->name, (char *)name.value, sizeof(c->name));
else {
if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
&& n > 0 && *list)
{
strncpy(c->name, *list, sizeof(c->name));
XFreeStringList(list);
}
}
XFree(name.value);
resize_title(c);
}
void
update_size(Client *c)
{
XSizeHints size;
long msize;
if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
size.flags = PSize;
c->flags = size.flags;
if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
c->basew = size.base_width;
c->baseh = size.base_height;
}
else
c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
c->incw = size.width_inc;
c->inch = size.height_inc;
}
else
c->incw = c->inch = 0;
if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
c->maxw = size.max_width;
c->maxh = size.max_height;
}
else
c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
c->minw = size.min_width;
c->minh = size.min_height;
}
else
c->minw = c->minh = 0;
if(c->flags & PWinGravity)
c->grav = size.win_gravity;
else
c->grav = NorthWestGravity;
}
void
craise(Client *c)
{
XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->title);
}
void
lower(Client *c)
{
XLowerWindow(dpy, c->title);
XLowerWindow(dpy, c->win);
}
void
focus(Client *c)
{
Client *old = sel;
XEvent ev;
XFlush(dpy);
sel = c;
if(old && old != c)
draw_client(old);
draw_client(c);
XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
XFlush(dpy);
while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
}
static void
init_tags(Client *c)
{
XClassHint ch;
static unsigned int len = rule ? sizeof(rule) / sizeof(rule[0]) : 0;
unsigned int i, j;
Bool matched = False;
if(!len) {
c->tags[tsel] = tags[tsel];
return;
}
if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
if(ch.res_class && ch.res_name) {
for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
if(!strncmp(rule[i].class, ch.res_class, sizeof(rule[i].class))
&& !strncmp(rule[i].instance, ch.res_name, sizeof(rule[i].instance)))
{
for(j = 0; j < TLast; j++)
c->tags[j] = rule[i].tags[j];
c->floating = rule[i].floating;
matched = True;
break;
}
}
if(ch.res_class)
XFree(ch.res_class);
if(ch.res_name)
XFree(ch.res_name);
}
if(!matched)
c->tags[tsel] = tags[tsel];
}
void
manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa)
{
Client *c, **l;
XSetWindowAttributes twa;
Window trans;
c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
c->win = w;
c->tx = c->x = wa->x;
c->ty = c->y = wa->y;
if(c->y < bh)
c->ty = c->y += bh;
c->tw = c->w = wa->width;
c->h = wa->height;
c->th = bh;
c->border = 1;
c->proto = win_proto(c->win);
update_size(c);
XSelectInput(dpy, c->win,
StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
twa.override_redirect = 1;
twa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
twa.event_mask = ExposureMask;
c->title = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, c->tx, c->ty, c->tw, c->th,
0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent,
DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &twa);
update_name(c);
init_tags(c);
for(l = &clients; *l; l = &(*l)->next);
c->next = *l; /* *l == nil */
*l = c;
XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, Mod1Mask, c->win, False, ButtonPressMask,
GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, Mod1Mask, c->win, False, ButtonPressMask,
GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, Mod1Mask, c->win, False, ButtonPressMask,
GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
if(!c->floating)
c->floating = trans
|| ((c->maxw == c->minw) && (c->maxh == c->minh));
arrange(NULL);
/* mapping the window now prevents flicker */
if(c->tags[tsel]) {
XMapRaised(dpy, c->win);
XMapRaised(dpy, c->title);
focus(c);
}
else {
ban_client(c);
XMapRaised(dpy, c->win);
XMapRaised(dpy, c->title);
}
}
void
gravitate(Client *c, Bool invert)
{
int dx = 0, dy = 0;
switch(c->grav) {
case StaticGravity:
case NorthWestGravity:
case NorthGravity:
case NorthEastGravity:
dy = c->border;
break;
case EastGravity:
case CenterGravity:
case WestGravity:
dy = -(c->h / 2) + c->border;
break;
case SouthEastGravity:
case SouthGravity:
case SouthWestGravity:
dy = -c->h;
break;
default:
break;
}
switch (c->grav) {
case StaticGravity:
case NorthWestGravity:
case WestGravity:
case SouthWestGravity:
dx = c->border;
break;
case NorthGravity:
case CenterGravity:
case SouthGravity:
dx = -(c->w / 2) + c->border;
break;
case NorthEastGravity:
case EastGravity:
case SouthEastGravity:
dx = -(c->w + c->border);
break;
default:
break;
}
if(invert) {
dx = -dx;
dy = -dy;
}
c->x += dx;
c->y += dy;
}
void
resize(Client *c, Bool inc)
{
XConfigureEvent e;
if(inc) {
if(c->incw)
c->w -= (c->w - c->basew) % c->incw;
if(c->inch)
c->h -= (c->h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
}
if(c->x > sw) /* might happen on restart */
c->x = sw - c->w;
if(c->y > sh)
c->ty = c->y = sh - c->h;
if(c->minw && c->w < c->minw)
c->w = c->minw;
if(c->minh && c->h < c->minh)
c->h = c->minh;
if(c->maxw && c->w > c->maxw)
c->w = c->maxw;
if(c->maxh && c->h > c->maxh)
c->h = c->maxh;
resize_title(c);
XSetWindowBorderWidth(dpy, c->win, 1);
XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
e.type = ConfigureNotify;
e.event = c->win;
e.window = c->win;
e.x = c->x;
e.y = c->y;
e.width = c->w;
e.height = c->h;
e.border_width = c->border;
e.above = None;
e.override_redirect = False;
XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&e);
XFlush(dpy);
}
static int
dummy_error_handler(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *err)
{
return 0;
}
void
unmanage(Client *c)
{
Client **l;
XGrabServer(dpy);
XSetErrorHandler(dummy_error_handler);
XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
XDestroyWindow(dpy, c->title);
for(l = &clients; *l && *l != c; l = &(*l)->next);
*l = c->next;
for(l = &clients; *l; l = &(*l)->next)
if((*l)->revert == c)
(*l)->revert = NULL;
if(sel == c)
sel = sel->revert ? sel->revert : clients;
free(c);
XFlush(dpy);
XSetErrorHandler(error_handler);
XUngrabServer(dpy);
arrange(NULL);
if(sel)
focus(sel);
}
Client *
gettitle(Window w)
{
Client *c;
for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
if(c->title == w)
return c;
return NULL;
}
Client *
getclient(Window w)
{
Client *c;
for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
if(c->win == w)
return c;
return NULL;
}
void
draw_client(Client *c)
{
int i;
if(c == sel) {
draw_bar();
XUnmapWindow(dpy, c->title);
XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.fg);
return;
}
XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.bg);
XMapWindow(dpy, c->title);
dc.x = dc.y = 0;
dc.w = 0;
for(i = 0; i < TLast; i++) {
if(c->tags[i]) {
dc.x += dc.w;
dc.w = textw(c->tags[i]) + dc.font.height;
drawtext(c->tags[i], False, True);
}
}
dc.x += dc.w;
dc.w = textw(c->name) + dc.font.height;
drawtext(c->name, False, True);
XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, c->title, dc.gc,
0, 0, c->tw, c->th, 0, 0);
XFlush(dpy);
}