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.TH DWM 1 dwm-VERSION
.SH NAME
dwm \- dynamic window manager
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B dwm
.RB [ \-v ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B dwm
is a dynamic window manager for X11. It manages windows in tiling and floating
modes. Either mode can be applied dynamically, optimizing the environment for
the application in use and the task performed.
.P
In tiling mode windows are managed in a master and stacking column. The master
column contains the window which currently needs most attention, whereas the
stacking column contains all other windows. In floating mode windows can be
resized and moved freely. Dialog windows are always managed floating,
regardless of the mode selected.
.P
Windows are grouped by tags. Each window can be tagged with one or multiple
tags. Selecting a certain tag for viewing will display all windows with that
tag.
.P
.B dwm
has a small status bar which displays the text read from standard
input, if written. Besides that, it displays all available tags, and the title
of the focused window. It draws a 1-pixel border around windows to
indicate the focus state. Unfocused windows contain a small bar in front of
them displaying their tags and title.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-v
prints version information to standard output, then exits.
.SH USAGE
.SS Status bar
.TP
.B Standard input
is read and displayed in the status text area.
.TP
.B Button1
click on a tag label views all windows with that
.BR tag .
.TP
.B Button3
click on a tag label adds/removes all windows with that
.B tag
to/from the view.
.SS Keyboard commands
.TP
.B Mod1-Shift-Return
Start
.BR xterm (1).
.TP
.B Mod1-Tab
Focus next
.BR window .
.TP
.B Mod1-Shift-Tab
Focus previous
.BR window .
.TP
.B Mod1-Return
Zoom current
.B window
to the 
.B master
column
.RB ( tiling
mode only).
.TP
.B Mod1-m
Maximize current
.BR window .
.TP
.B Mod1-Shift-[0..n]
Apply
.B nth tag
to current
.BR window .
.TP
.B Mod1-Control-Shift-[0..n]
Add/remove
.B nth tag
to/from current
.BR window .
.TP
.B Mod1-Shift-c
Close focused
.B window.
.TP
.B Mod1-space
Toggle between
.B tiled
and
.B floating
mode (affects
.BR "all windows" ).
.TP
.B Mod1-[0..n]
View all windows with
.BR "tag n" .
.TP
.B Mod1-Control-[0..n]
Add/remove all windows with
.B tag n
to/from the view.
.TP
.B Mod1-Shift-q
Quit
.B dwm.
.SS Mouse commands
.TP
.B Mod1-Button1
Move current
.B window
while dragging
.RB ( floating
mode only).
.TP
.B Mod1-Button2
Zoom current
.B window
to the 
.B master
column
.RB ( tiling
mode only).
.TP
.B Mod1-Button3
Resize current
.B window
while dragging
.RB ( floating
mode only).
.SH CUSTOMIZATION
.B dwm
is customized by creating a custom config.h and (re)compiling the source
code. This keeps it fast, secure and simple.
.SH CAVEATS
The status bar displays
.B broken pipe
when
.B dwm
has been started by
.BR xdm (1),
because it closes standard output before executing
.BR dwm .
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR dmenu (1)
="w"> numlockmask; Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast]; Bool running = True; Bool issel = True; Client *clients = NULL; Client *sel = NULL; Cursor cursor[CurLast]; Display *dpy; DC dc = {0}; Window root, barwin; /* static */ static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *); static Bool otherwm, readin; static void cleanup() { close(STDIN_FILENO); while(sel) { resize(sel, True, TopLeft); unmanage(sel); } if(dc.font.set) XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set); else XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont); XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root); XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable); XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc); XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin); XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime); XSync(dpy, False); } static void scan() { unsigned int i, num; Window *wins, d1, d2; XWindowAttributes wa; wins = NULL; if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) { for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)) continue; if(wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)) continue; if(wa.map_state == IsViewable) manage(wins[i], &wa); } } if(wins) XFree(wins); } static void setup() { int i, j; unsigned int mask; Window w; XModifierKeymap *modmap; XSetWindowAttributes wa; /* init atoms */ wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False); wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False); netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False); XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast); /* init cursors */ cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr); cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing); cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur); modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy); for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) { if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock)) numlockmask = (1 << i); } } XFree(modmap); wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask; wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal]; XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa); grabkeys(); initrregs(); for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++); seltag = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags); seltag[0] = True; /* style */ dc.bg = getcolor(BGCOLOR); dc.fg = getcolor(FGCOLOR); dc.border = getcolor(BORDERCOLOR); setfont(FONT); sx = sy = 0; sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen); sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen); mw = (sw * MASTERW) / 100; bx = by = 0; bw = sw; dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 4; wa.override_redirect = 1; wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative; wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask; barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, bx, by, bw, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen), CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa); XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]); XMapRaised(dpy, barwin); dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen)); dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0); issel = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &i, &i, &i, &i, &mask); strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION); } /* * Startup Error handler to check if another window manager * is already running. */ static int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) { otherwm = True; return -1; } /* extern */ int getproto(Window w) { int i, format, protos, status; unsigned long extra, res; Atom *protocols, real; protos = 0; status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMProtocols], 0L, 20L, False, XA_ATOM, &real, &format, &res, &extra, (unsigned char **)&protocols); if(status != Success || protocols == 0) return protos; for(i = 0; i < res; i++) if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete]) protos |= PROTODELWIN; free(protocols); return protos; } void sendevent(Window w, Atom a, long value) { XEvent e; e.type = ClientMessage; e.xclient.window = w; e.xclient.message_type = a; e.xclient.format = 32; e.xclient.data.l[0] = value; e.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime; XSendEvent(dpy, w, False, NoEventMask, &e); XSync(dpy, False); } void quit(Arg *arg) { readin = running = False; } /* * There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs * default error handler, which calls exit(). */ int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) { if(ee->error_code == BadWindow || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch) || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable) || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable) || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable) || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch) || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)) return 0; fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n", ee->request_code, ee->error_code); return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit() */ } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int r, xfd; fd_set rd; if(argc == 2 && !strncmp("-v", argv[1], 3)) { fputs("dwm-"VERSION", (C)opyright MMVI Anselm R. Garbe\n", stdout); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } else if(argc != 1) eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n"); dpy = XOpenDisplay(0); if(!dpy) eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n"); xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy); screen = DefaultScreen(dpy); root = RootWindow(dpy, screen); otherwm = False; XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart); /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */ XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask); XSync(dpy, False); if(otherwm) eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n"); XSync(dpy, False); XSetErrorHandler(NULL); xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror); XSync(dpy, False); setup(); drawstatus(); scan(); /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */ XSync(dpy, False); procevent(); readin = True; while(running) { FD_ZERO(&rd); if(readin) FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd); FD_SET(xfd, &rd); r = select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL); if((r == -1) && (errno == EINTR)) continue; if(r > 0) { if(readin && FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) { readin = NULL != fgets(stext, sizeof(stext), stdin); if(readin) stext[strlen(stext) - 1] = 0; else strcpy(stext, "broken pipe"); drawstatus(); } } else if(r < 0) eprint("select failed\n"); procevent(); } cleanup(); XCloseDisplay(dpy); return 0; }