path: root/compiler/pragmas.nim

#
#
#           The Nim Compiler
#        (c) Copyright 2015 Andreas Rumpf
#
#    See the file "copying.txt", included in this
#    distribution, for details about the copyright.
#

# This module implements semantic checking for pragmas

import
  os, platform, condsyms, ast, astalgo, idents, semdata, msgs, renderer,
  wordrecg, ropes, options, strutils, lists, extccomp, math, magicsys, trees,
  rodread, types, lookups

const
  FirstCallConv* = wNimcall
  LastCallConv* = wNoconv

const
  procPragmas* = {FirstCallConv..LastCallConv, wImportc, wExportc, wNodecl,
    wMagic, wNosideeffect, wSideeffect, wNoreturn, wDynlib, wHeader,
    wCompilerproc, wProcVar, wDeprecated, wVarargs, wCompileTime, wMerge,
    wBorrow, wExtern, wImportCompilerProc, wThread, wImportCpp, wImportObjC,
    wAsmNoStackFrame, wError, wDiscardable, wNoInit, wDestructor, wCodegenDecl,
    wGensym, wInject, wRaises, wTags, wLocks, wDelegator, wGcSafe,
    wOverride, wConstructor, wExportNims}
  converterPragmas* = procPragmas
  methodPragmas* = procPragmas+{wBase}-{wImportCpp}
  templatePragmas* = {wImmediate, wDeprecated, wError, wGensym, wInject, wDirty,
    wDelegator, wExportNims}
  macroPragmas* = {FirstCallConv..LastCallConv, wImmediate, wImportc, wExportc,
    wNodecl, wMagic, wNosideeffect, wCompilerproc, wDeprecated, wExtern,
    wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wError, wDiscardable, wGensym, wInject, wDelegator,
    wExportNims}
  iteratorPragmas* = {FirstCallConv..LastCallConv, wNosideeffect, wSideeffect,
    wImportc, wExportc, wNodecl, wMagic, wDeprecated, wBorrow, wExtern,
    wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wError, wDiscardable, wGensym, wInject, wRaises,
    wTags, wLocks, wGcSafe, wExportNims}
  exprPragmas* = {wLine, wLocks, wNoRewrite, wGcSafe}
  stmtPragmas* = {wChecks, wObjChecks, wFieldChecks, wRangechecks,
    wBoundchecks, wOverflowchecks, wNilchecks, wAssertions, wWarnings, wHints,
    wLinedir, wStacktrace, wLinetrace, wOptimization, wHint, wWarning, wError,
    wFatal, wDefine, wUndef, wCompile, wLink, wLinksys, wPure, wPush, wPop,
    wBreakpoint, wWatchPoint, wPassl, wPassc, wDeadCodeElim, wDeprecated,
    wFloatchecks, wInfChecks, wNanChecks, wPragma, wEmit, wUnroll,
    wLinearScanEnd, wPatterns, wEffects, wNoForward, wComputedGoto,
    wInjectStmt, wDeprecated, wExperimental, wThis}
  lambdaPragmas* = {FirstCallConv..LastCallConv, wImportc, wExportc, wNodecl,
    wNosideeffect, wSideeffect, wNoreturn, wDynlib, wHeader,
    wDeprecated, wExtern, wThread, wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wAsmNoStackFrame,
    wRaises, wLocks, wTags, wGcSafe}
  typePragmas* = {wImportc, wExportc, wDeprecated, wMagic, wAcyclic, wNodecl,
    wPure, wHeader, wCompilerproc, wFinal, wSize, wExtern, wShallow,
    wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wError, wIncompleteStruct, wByCopy, wByRef,
    wInheritable, wGensym, wInject, wRequiresInit, wUnchecked, wUnion, wPacked,
    wBorrow, wGcSafe, wExportNims, wPartial}
  fieldPragmas* = {wImportc, wExportc, wDeprecated, wExtern,
    wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wError, wGuard, wBitsize}
  varPragmas* = {wImportc, wExportc, wVolatile, wRegister, wThreadVar, wNodecl,
    wMagic, wHeader, wDeprecated, wCompilerproc, wDynlib, wExtern,
    wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wError, wNoInit, wCompileTime, wGlobal,
    wGensym, wInject, wCodegenDecl, wGuard, wGoto, wExportNims}
  constPragmas* = {wImportc, wExportc, wHeader, wDeprecated, wMagic, wNodecl,
    wExtern, wImportCpp, wImportObjC, wError, wGensym, wInject, wExportNims,
    wIntDefine, wStrDefine}
  letPragmas* = varPragmas
  procTypePragmas* = {FirstCallConv..LastCallConv, wVarargs, wNosideeffect,
                      wThread, wRaises, wLocks, wTags, wGcSafe}
  allRoutinePragmas* = methodPragmas + iteratorPragmas + lambdaPragmas

proc pragma*(c: PContext, sym: PSym, n: PNode, validPragmas: TSpecialWords)
# implementation

proc invalidPragma(n: PNode) =
  localError(n.info, errInvalidPragmaX, renderTree(n, {renderNoComments}))

proc pragmaAsm*(c: PContext, n: PNode): char =
  result = '\0'
  if n != nil:
    for i in countup(0, sonsLen(n) - 1):
      let it = n.sons[i]
      if it.kind == nkExprColonExpr and it.sons[0].kind == nkIdent:
        case whichKeyword(it.sons[0].ident)
        of wSubsChar:
          if it.sons[1].kind == nkCharLit: result = chr(int(it.sons[1].intVal))
          else: invalidPragma(it)
        else: invalidPragma(it)
      else:
        invalidPragma(it)

proc setExternName(s: PSym, extname: string, info: TLineInfo) =
  # special cases to improve performance:
  if extname == "$1":
    s.loc.r = rope(s.name.s)
  elif '$' notin extname:
    s.loc.r = rope(extname)
  else:
    try:
      s.loc.r = rope(extname % s.name.s)
    except ValueError:
      localError(info, "invalid extern name: '" & extname & "'. (Forgot to escape '$'?)")
  if gCmd == cmdPretty and '$' notin extname:
    # note that '{.importc.}' is transformed into '{.importc: "$1".}'
    s.loc.flags.incl(lfFullExternalName)

proc makeExternImport(s: PSym, extname: string, info: TLineInfo) =
  setExternName(s, extname, info)
  incl(s.flags, sfImportc)
  excl(s.flags, sfForward)

proc makeExternExport(s: PSym, extname: string, info: TLineInfo) =
  setExternName(s, extname, info)
  incl(s.flags, sfExportc)

proc processImportCompilerProc(s: PSym, extname: string, info: TLineInfo) =
  setExternName(s, extname, info)
  incl(s.flags, sfImportc)
  excl(s.flags, sfForward)
  incl(s.loc.flags, lfImportCompilerProc)

proc processImportCpp(s: PSym, extname: string, info: TLineInfo) =
  setExternName(s, extname, info)
  incl(s.flags, sfImportc)
  incl(s.flags, sfInfixCall)
  excl(s.flags, sfForward)
  let m = s.getModule()
  incl(m.flags, sfCompileToCpp)
  extccomp.gMixedMode = true

proc processImportObjC(s: PSym, extname: string, info: TLineInfo) =
  setExternName(s, extname, info)
  incl(s.flags, sfImportc)
  incl(s.flags, sfNamedParamCall)
  excl(s.flags, sfForward)
  let m = s.getModule()
  incl(m.flags, sfCompileToObjC)

proc newEmptyStrNode(n: PNode): PNode {.noinline.} =
  result = newNodeIT(nkStrLit, n.info, getSysType(tyString))
  result.strVal = ""

proc getStrLitNode(c: PContext, n: PNode): PNode =
  if n.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
    # error correction:
    result = newEmptyStrNode(n)
  else:
    n.sons[1] = c.semConstExpr(c, n.sons[1])
    case n.sons[1].kind
    of nkStrLit, nkRStrLit, nkTripleStrLit: result = n.sons[1]
    else:
      localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
      # error correction:
      result = newEmptyStrNode(n)

proc expectStrLit(c: PContext, n: PNode): string =
  result = getStrLitNode(c, n).strVal

proc expectIntLit(c: PContext, n: PNode): int =
  if n.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    localError(n.info, errIntLiteralExpected)
  else:
    n.sons[1] = c.semConstExpr(c, n.sons[1])
    case n.sons[1].kind
    of nkIntLit..nkInt64Lit: result = int(n.sons[1].intVal)
    else: localError(n.info, errIntLiteralExpected)

proc getOptionalStr(c: PContext, n: PNode, defaultStr: string): string =
  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr: result = expectStrLit(c, n)
  else: result = defaultStr

proc processCodegenDecl(c: PContext, n: PNode, sym: PSym) =
  sym.constraint = getStrLitNode(c, n)

proc processMagic(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym) =
  #if sfSystemModule notin c.module.flags:
  #  liMessage(n.info, errMagicOnlyInSystem)
  if n.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
    return
  var v: string
  if n.sons[1].kind == nkIdent: v = n.sons[1].ident.s
  else: v = expectStrLit(c, n)
  for m in countup(low(TMagic), high(TMagic)):
    if substr($m, 1) == v:
      s.magic = m
      break
  if s.magic == mNone: message(n.info, warnUnknownMagic, v)

proc wordToCallConv(sw: TSpecialWord): TCallingConvention =
  # this assumes that the order of special words and calling conventions is
  # the same
  result = TCallingConvention(ord(ccDefault) + ord(sw) - ord(wNimcall))

proc isTurnedOn(c: PContext, n: PNode): bool =
  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    let x = c.semConstBoolExpr(c, n.sons[1])
    n.sons[1] = x
    if x.kind == nkIntLit: return x.intVal != 0
  localError(n.info, errOnOrOffExpected)

proc onOff(c: PContext, n: PNode, op: TOptions) =
  if isTurnedOn(c, n): gOptions = gOptions + op
  else: gOptions = gOptions - op

proc pragmaDeadCodeElim(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if isTurnedOn(c, n): incl(c.module.flags, sfDeadCodeElim)
  else: excl(c.module.flags, sfDeadCodeElim)

proc pragmaNoForward(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if isTurnedOn(c, n): incl(c.module.flags, sfNoForward)
  else: excl(c.module.flags, sfNoForward)

proc processCallConv(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if (n.kind == nkExprColonExpr) and (n.sons[1].kind == nkIdent):
    var sw = whichKeyword(n.sons[1].ident)
    case sw
    of FirstCallConv..LastCallConv:
      POptionEntry(c.optionStack.tail).defaultCC = wordToCallConv(sw)
    else: localError(n.info, errCallConvExpected)
  else:
    localError(n.info, errCallConvExpected)

proc getLib(c: PContext, kind: TLibKind, path: PNode): PLib =
  var it = PLib(c.libs.head)
  while it != nil:
    if it.kind == kind:
      if trees.exprStructuralEquivalent(it.path, path): return it
    it = PLib(it.next)
  result = newLib(kind)
  result.path = path
  append(c.libs, result)
  if path.kind in {nkStrLit..nkTripleStrLit}:
    result.isOverriden = options.isDynlibOverride(path.strVal)

proc expectDynlibNode(c: PContext, n: PNode): PNode =
  if n.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
    # error correction:
    result = newEmptyStrNode(n)
  else:
    # For the OpenGL wrapper we support:
    # {.dynlib: myGetProcAddr(...).}
    result = c.semExpr(c, n.sons[1])
    if result.kind == nkSym and result.sym.kind == skConst:
      result = result.sym.ast # look it up
    if result.typ == nil or result.typ.kind notin {tyPointer, tyString, tyProc}:
      localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
      result = newEmptyStrNode(n)

proc processDynLib(c: PContext, n: PNode, sym: PSym) =
  if (sym == nil) or (sym.kind == skModule):
    let lib = getLib(c, libDynamic, expectDynlibNode(c, n))
    if not lib.isOverriden:
      POptionEntry(c.optionStack.tail).dynlib = lib
  else:
    if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
      var lib = getLib(c, libDynamic, expectDynlibNode(c, n))
      if not lib.isOverriden:
        addToLib(lib, sym)
        incl(sym.loc.flags, lfDynamicLib)
    else:
      incl(sym.loc.flags, lfExportLib)
    # since we'll be loading the dynlib symbols dynamically, we must use
    # a calling convention that doesn't introduce custom name mangling
    # cdecl is the default - the user can override this explicitly
    if sym.kind in routineKinds and sym.typ != nil and
        sym.typ.callConv == ccDefault:
      sym.typ.callConv = ccCDecl

proc processNote(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if (n.kind == nkExprColonExpr) and (sonsLen(n) == 2) and
      (n.sons[0].kind == nkBracketExpr) and
      (n.sons[0].sons.len == 2) and
      (n.sons[0].sons[1].kind == nkIdent) and
      (n.sons[0].sons[0].kind == nkIdent):
      #and (n.sons[1].kind == nkIdent):
    var nk: TNoteKind
    case whichKeyword(n.sons[0].sons[0].ident)
    of wHint:
      var x = findStr(msgs.HintsToStr, n.sons[0].sons[1].ident.s)
      if x >= 0: nk = TNoteKind(x + ord(hintMin))
      else: invalidPragma(n); return
    of wWarning:
      var x = findStr(msgs.WarningsToStr, n.sons[0].sons[1].ident.s)
      if x >= 0: nk = TNoteKind(x + ord(warnMin))
      else: invalidPragma(n); return
    else:
      invalidPragma(n)
      return

    let x = c.semConstBoolExpr(c, n.sons[1])
    n.sons[1] = x
    if x.kind == nkIntLit and x.intVal != 0: incl(gNotes, nk)
    else: excl(gNotes, nk)
  else:
    invalidPragma(n)

proc processOption(c: PContext, n: PNode): bool =
  if n.kind != nkExprColonExpr: result = true
  elif n.sons[0].kind == nkBracketExpr: processNote(c, n)
  elif n.sons[0].kind != nkIdent: result = true
  else:
    var sw = whichKeyword(n.sons[0].ident)
    case sw
    of wChecks: onOff(c, n, ChecksOptions)
    of wObjChecks: onOff(c, n, {optObjCheck})
    of wFieldChecks: onOff(c, n, {optFieldCheck})
    of wRangechecks: onOff(c, n, {optRangeCheck})
    of wBoundchecks: onOff(c, n, {optBoundsCheck})
    of wOverflowchecks: onOff(c, n, {optOverflowCheck})
    of wNilchecks: onOff(c, n, {optNilCheck})
    of wFloatchecks: onOff(c, n, {optNaNCheck, optInfCheck})
    of wNanChecks: onOff(c, n, {optNaNCheck})
    of wInfChecks: onOff(c, n, {optInfCheck})
    of wAssertions: onOff(c, n, {optAssert})
    of wWarnings: onOff(c, n, {optWarns})
    of wHints: onOff(c, n, {optHints})
    of wCallconv: processCallConv(c, n)
    of wLinedir: onOff(c, n, {optLineDir})
    of wStacktrace: onOff(c, n, {optStackTrace})
    of wLinetrace: onOff(c, n, {optLineTrace})
    of wDebugger: onOff(c, n, {optEndb})
    of wProfiler: onOff(c, n, {optProfiler, optMemTracker})
    of wMemTracker: onOff(c, n, {optMemTracker})
    of wByRef: onOff(c, n, {optByRef})
    of wDynlib: processDynLib(c, n, nil)
    of wOptimization:
      if n.sons[1].kind != nkIdent:
        invalidPragma(n)
      else:
        case n.sons[1].ident.s.normalize
        of "speed":
          incl(gOptions, optOptimizeSpeed)
          excl(gOptions, optOptimizeSize)
        of "size":
          excl(gOptions, optOptimizeSpeed)
          incl(gOptions, optOptimizeSize)
        of "none":
          excl(gOptions, optOptimizeSpeed)
          excl(gOptions, optOptimizeSize)
        else: localError(n.info, errNoneSpeedOrSizeExpected)
    of wImplicitStatic: onOff(c, n, {optImplicitStatic})
    of wPatterns: onOff(c, n, {optPatterns})
    else: result = true

proc processPush(c: PContext, n: PNode, start: int) =
  if n.sons[start-1].kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    localError(n.info, errGenerated, "':' after 'push' not supported")
  var x = newOptionEntry()
  var y = POptionEntry(c.optionStack.tail)
  x.options = gOptions
  x.defaultCC = y.defaultCC
  x.dynlib = y.dynlib
  x.notes = gNotes
  append(c.optionStack, x)
  for i in countup(start, sonsLen(n) - 1):
    if processOption(c, n.sons[i]):
      # simply store it somewhere:
      if x.otherPragmas.isNil:
        x.otherPragmas = newNodeI(nkPragma, n.info)
      x.otherPragmas.add n.sons[i]
    #localError(n.info, errOptionExpected)

proc processPop(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if c.optionStack.counter <= 1:
    localError(n.info, errAtPopWithoutPush)
  else:
    gOptions = POptionEntry(c.optionStack.tail).options
    gNotes = POptionEntry(c.optionStack.tail).notes
    remove(c.optionStack, c.optionStack.tail)

proc processDefine(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if (n.kind == nkExprColonExpr) and (n.sons[1].kind == nkIdent):
    defineSymbol(n.sons[1].ident.s)
    message(n.info, warnDeprecated, "define")
  else:
    invalidPragma(n)

proc processUndef(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if (n.kind == nkExprColonExpr) and (n.sons[1].kind == nkIdent):
    undefSymbol(n.sons[1].ident.s)
    message(n.info, warnDeprecated, "undef")
  else:
    invalidPragma(n)

type
  TLinkFeature = enum
    linkNormal, linkSys

proc relativeFile(c: PContext; n: PNode; ext=""): string =
  var s = expectStrLit(c, n)
  if ext.len > 0 and splitFile(s).ext == "":
    s = addFileExt(s, ext)
  result = parentDir(n.info.toFullPath) / s
  if not fileExists(result):
    if isAbsolute(s): result = s
    else:
      result = findFile(s)
      if result.len == 0: result = s

proc processCompile(c: PContext, n: PNode) =

  proc getStrLit(c: PContext, n: PNode; i: int): string =
    n.sons[i] = c.semConstExpr(c, n.sons[i])
    case n.sons[i].kind
    of nkStrLit, nkRStrLit, nkTripleStrLit:
      shallowCopy(result, n.sons[i].strVal)
    else:
      localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
      result = ""

  let it = if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr: n.sons[1] else: n
  if it.kind == nkPar and it.len == 2:
    let s = getStrLit(c, it, 0)
    let dest = getStrLit(c, it, 1)
    var found = parentDir(n.info.toFullPath) / s
    for f in os.walkFiles(found):
      let nameOnly = extractFilename(f)
      var cf = Cfile(cname: f,
          obj: completeCFilePath(dest % nameOnly),
          flags: {CfileFlag.External})
      extccomp.addExternalFileToCompile(cf)
  else:
    let s = expectStrLit(c, n)
    var found = parentDir(n.info.toFullPath) / s
    if not fileExists(found):
      if isAbsolute(s): found = s
      else:
        found = findFile(s)
        if found.len == 0: found = s
    extccomp.addExternalFileToCompile(found)

proc processCommonLink(c: PContext, n: PNode, feature: TLinkFeature) =
  let found = relativeFile(c, n, CC[cCompiler].objExt)
  case feature
  of linkNormal: extccomp.addExternalFileToLink(found)
  of linkSys:
    extccomp.addExternalFileToLink(libpath / completeCFilePath(found, false))
  else: internalError(n.info, "processCommonLink")

proc pragmaBreakpoint(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  discard getOptionalStr(c, n, "")

proc pragmaWatchpoint(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    n.sons[1] = c.semExpr(c, n.sons[1])
  else:
    invalidPragma(n)

proc semAsmOrEmit*(con: PContext, n: PNode, marker: char): PNode =
  case n.sons[1].kind
  of nkStrLit, nkRStrLit, nkTripleStrLit:
    result = newNode(if n.kind == nkAsmStmt: nkAsmStmt else: nkArgList, n.info)
    var str = n.sons[1].strVal
    if str == "":
      localError(n.info, errEmptyAsm)
      return
    # now parse the string literal and substitute symbols:
    var a = 0
    while true:
      var b = strutils.find(str, marker, a)
      var sub = if b < 0: substr(str, a) else: substr(str, a, b - 1)
      if sub != "": addSon(result, newStrNode(nkStrLit, sub))
      if b < 0: break
      var c = strutils.find(str, marker, b + 1)
      if c < 0: sub = substr(str, b + 1)
      else: sub = substr(str, b + 1, c - 1)
      if sub != "":
        var e = searchInScopes(con, getIdent(sub))
        if e != nil:
          if e.kind == skStub: loadStub(e)
          incl(e.flags, sfUsed)
          addSon(result, newSymNode(e))
        else:
          addSon(result, newStrNode(nkStrLit, sub))
      else:
        # an empty '``' produces a single '`'
        addSon(result, newStrNode(nkStrLit, $marker))
      if c < 0: break
      a = c + 1
  else:
    illFormedAstLocal(n)
    result = newNode(nkAsmStmt, n.info)

proc pragmaEmit(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if n.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
  else:
    let n1 = n[1]
    if n1.kind == nkBracket:
      var b = newNodeI(nkBracket, n1.info, n1.len)
      for i in 0..<n1.len:
        b.sons[i] = c.semExpr(c, n1[i])
      n.sons[1] = b
    else:
      n.sons[1] = c.semConstExpr(c, n1)
      case n.sons[1].kind
      of nkStrLit, nkRStrLit, nkTripleStrLit:
        n.sons[1] = semAsmOrEmit(c, n, '`')
      else:
        localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)

proc noVal(n: PNode) =
  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr: invalidPragma(n)

proc pragmaUnroll(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if c.p.nestedLoopCounter <= 0:
    invalidPragma(n)
  elif n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    var unrollFactor = expectIntLit(c, n)
    if unrollFactor <% 32:
      n.sons[1] = newIntNode(nkIntLit, unrollFactor)
    else:
      invalidPragma(n)

proc pragmaLine(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    n.sons[1] = c.semConstExpr(c, n.sons[1])
    let a = n.sons[1]
    if a.kind == nkPar:
      var x = a.sons[0]
      var y = a.sons[1]
      if x.kind == nkExprColonExpr: x = x.sons[1]
      if y.kind == nkExprColonExpr: y = y.sons[1]
      if x.kind != nkStrLit:
        localError(n.info, errStringLiteralExpected)
      elif y.kind != nkIntLit:
        localError(n.info, errIntLiteralExpected)
      else:
        # XXX this produces weird paths which are not properly resolved:
        n.info.fileIndex = msgs.fileInfoIdx(x.strVal)
        n.info.line = int16(y.intVal)
    else:
      localError(n.info, errXExpected, "tuple")
  else:
    # sensible default:
    n.info = getInfoContext(-1)

proc processPragma(c: PContext, n: PNode, i: int) =
  var it = n.sons[i]
  if it.kind != nkExprColonExpr: invalidPragma(n)
  elif it.sons[0].kind != nkIdent: invalidPragma(n)
  elif it.sons[1].kind != nkIdent: invalidPragma(n)

  var userPragma = newSym(skTemplate, it.sons[1].ident, nil, it.info)
  var body = newNodeI(nkPragma, n.info)
  for j in i+1 .. sonsLen(n)-1: addSon(body, n.sons[j])
  userPragma.ast = body
  strTableAdd(c.userPragmas, userPragma)

proc pragmaRaisesOrTags(c: PContext, n: PNode) =
  proc processExc(c: PContext, x: PNode) =
    var t = skipTypes(c.semTypeNode(c, x, nil), skipPtrs)
    if t.kind != tyObject:
      localError(x.info, errGenerated, "invalid type for raises/tags list")
    x.typ = t

  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    let it = n.sons[1]
    if it.kind notin {nkCurly, nkBracket}:
      processExc(c, it)
    else:
      for e in items(it): processExc(c, e)
  else:
    invalidPragma(n)

proc pragmaLockStmt(c: PContext; it: PNode) =
  if it.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    invalidPragma(it)
  else:
    let n = it[1]
    if n.kind != nkBracket:
      localError(n.info, errGenerated, "locks pragma takes a list of expressions")
    else:
      for i in 0 .. <n.len:
        n.sons[i] = c.semExpr(c, n.sons[i])

proc pragmaLocks(c: PContext, it: PNode): TLockLevel =
  if it.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    invalidPragma(it)
  else:
    if it[1].kind != nkNilLit:
      let x = expectIntLit(c, it)
      if x < 0 or x > MaxLockLevel:
        localError(it[1].info, "integer must be within 0.." & $MaxLockLevel)
      else:
        result = TLockLevel(x)

proc typeBorrow(sym: PSym, n: PNode) =
  if n.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
    let it = n.sons[1]
    if it.kind != nkAccQuoted:
      localError(n.info, "a type can only borrow `.` for now")
  incl(sym.typ.flags, tfBorrowDot)

proc markCompilerProc(s: PSym) =
  # minor hack ahead: FlowVar is the only generic .compilerProc type which
  # should not have an external name set:
  if s.kind != skType or s.name.s != "FlowVar":
    makeExternExport(s, "$1", s.info)
  incl(s.flags, sfCompilerProc)
  incl(s.flags, sfUsed)
  registerCompilerProc(s)

proc deprecatedStmt(c: PContext; pragma: PNode) =
  let pragma = pragma[1]
  if pragma.kind != nkBracket:
    localError(pragma.info, "list of key:value pairs expected"); return
  for n in pragma:
    if n.kind in {nkExprColonExpr, nkExprEqExpr}:
      let dest = qualifiedLookUp(c, n[1], {checkUndeclared})
      assert dest != nil
      let src = considerQuotedIdent(n[0])
      let alias = newSym(skAlias, src, dest, n[0].info)
      incl(alias.flags, sfExported)
      if sfCompilerProc in dest.flags: markCompilerProc(alias)
      addInterfaceDecl(c, alias)
      n.sons[1] = newSymNode(dest)
    else:
      localError(n.info, "key:value pair expected")

proc pragmaGuard(c: PContext; it: PNode; kind: TSymKind): PSym =
  if it.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
    invalidPragma(it); return
  let n = it[1]
  if n.kind == nkSym:
    result = n.sym
  elif kind == skField:
    # First check if the guard is a global variable:
    result = qualifiedLookUp(c, n, {})
    if result.isNil or result.kind notin {skLet, skVar} or
        sfGlobal notin result.flags:
      # We return a dummy symbol; later passes over the type will repair it.
      # Generic instantiation needs to know about this too. But we're lazy
      # and perform the lookup on demand instead.
      result = newSym(skUnknown, considerQuotedIdent(n), nil, n.info)
  else:
    result = qualifiedLookUp(c, n, {checkUndeclared})

proc singlePragma(c: PContext, sym: PSym, n: PNode, i: int,
                  validPragmas: TSpecialWords): bool =
  var it = n.sons[i]
  var key = if it.kind == nkExprColonExpr: it.sons[0] else: it
  if key.kind == nkBracketExpr:
    processNote(c, it)
    return
  let ident = considerQuotedIdent(key)
  var userPragma = strTableGet(c.userPragmas, ident)
  if userPragma != nil:
    inc c.instCounter
    if c.instCounter > 100:
      globalError(it.info, errRecursiveDependencyX, userPragma.name.s)
    pragma(c, sym, userPragma.ast, validPragmas)
    # ensure the pragma is also remember for generic instantiations in other
    # modules:
    n.sons[i] = userPragma.ast
    dec c.instCounter
  else:
    var k = whichKeyword(ident)
    if k in validPragmas:
      case k
      of wExportc:
        makeExternExport(sym, getOptionalStr(c, it, "$1"), it.info)
        incl(sym.flags, sfUsed) # avoid wrong hints
      of wImportc:
        let name = getOptionalStr(c, it, "$1")
        cppDefine(c.graph.config, name)
        makeExternImport(sym, name, it.info)
      of wImportCompilerProc:
        let name = getOptionalStr(c, it, "$1")
        cppDefine(c.graph.config, name)
        processImportCompilerProc(sym, name, it.info)
      of wExtern: setExternName(sym, expectStrLit(c, it), it.info)
      of wImmediate:
        if sym.kind in {skTemplate, skMacro}:
          incl(sym.flags, sfImmediate)
          incl(sym.flags, sfAllUntyped)
          message(n.info, warnDeprecated, "use 'untyped' parameters instead; immediate")
        else: invalidPragma(it)
      of wDirty:
        if sym.kind == skTemplate: incl(sym.flags, sfDirty)
        else: invalidPragma(it)
      of wImportCpp:
        processImportCpp(sym, getOptionalStr(c, it, "$1"), it.info)
      of wImportObjC:
        processImportObjC(sym, getOptionalStr(c, it, "$1"), it.info)
      of wAlign:
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        var align = expectIntLit(c, it)
        if (not isPowerOfTwo(align) and align != 0) or align >% high(int16):
          localError(it.info, errPowerOfTwoExpected)
        else:
          sym.typ.align = align.int16
      of wSize:
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        var size = expectIntLit(c, it)
        if not isPowerOfTwo(size) or size <= 0 or size > 8:
          localError(it.info, errPowerOfTwoExpected)
        else:
          sym.typ.size = size
      of wNodecl:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.loc.flags, lfNoDecl)
      of wPure, wAsmNoStackFrame:
        noVal(it)
        if sym != nil:
          if k == wPure and sym.kind in routineKinds: invalidPragma(it)
          else: incl(sym.flags, sfPure)
      of wVolatile:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfVolatile)
      of wRegister:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfRegister)
      of wThreadVar:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfThread)
      of wDeadCodeElim: pragmaDeadCodeElim(c, it)
      of wNoForward: pragmaNoForward(c, it)
      of wMagic: processMagic(c, it, sym)
      of wCompileTime:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfCompileTime)
        incl(sym.loc.flags, lfNoDecl)
      of wGlobal:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfGlobal)
        incl(sym.flags, sfPure)
      of wMerge:
        # only supported for backwards compat, doesn't do anything anymore
        noVal(it)
      of wConstructor:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfConstructor)
      of wHeader:
        var lib = getLib(c, libHeader, getStrLitNode(c, it))
        addToLib(lib, sym)
        incl(sym.flags, sfImportc)
        incl(sym.loc.flags, lfHeader)
        incl(sym.loc.flags, lfNoDecl)
        # implies nodecl, because otherwise header would not make sense
        if sym.loc.r == nil: sym.loc.r = rope(sym.name.s)
      of wDestructor:
        sym.flags.incl sfOverriden
        if sym.name.s.normalize != "destroy":
          localError(n.info, errGenerated, "destructor has to be named 'destroy'")
      of wOverride:
        sym.flags.incl sfOverriden
      of wNosideeffect:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfNoSideEffect)
        if sym.typ != nil: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfNoSideEffect)
      of wSideeffect:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfSideEffect)
      of wNoreturn:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfNoReturn)
      of wDynlib:
        processDynLib(c, it, sym)
      of wCompilerproc:
        noVal(it)           # compilerproc may not get a string!
        if sfFromGeneric notin sym.flags: markCompilerProc(sym)
      of wProcVar:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfProcvar)
      of wDeprecated:
        if it.kind == nkExprColonExpr: deprecatedStmt(c, it)
        elif sym != nil: incl(sym.flags, sfDeprecated)
        else: incl(c.module.flags, sfDeprecated)
      of wVarargs:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfVarargs)
      of wBorrow:
        if sym.kind == skType:
          typeBorrow(sym, it)
        else:
          noVal(it)
          incl(sym.flags, sfBorrow)
      of wFinal:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfFinal)
      of wInheritable:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil or tfFinal in sym.typ.flags: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfInheritable)
      of wAcyclic:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfAcyclic)
      of wShallow:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfShallow)
      of wThread:
        noVal(it)
        incl(sym.flags, sfThread)
        incl(sym.flags, sfProcvar)
        if sym.typ != nil:
          incl(sym.typ.flags, tfThread)
          if sym.typ.callConv == ccClosure: sym.typ.callConv = ccDefault
      of wGcSafe:
        noVal(it)
        if sym != nil:
          if sym.kind != skType: incl(sym.flags, sfThread)
          if sym.typ != nil: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfGcSafe)
          else: invalidPragma(it)
        else:
          discard "no checking if used as a code block"
      of wPacked:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfPacked)
      of wHint: message(it.info, hintUser, expectStrLit(c, it))
      of wWarning: message(it.info, warnUser, expectStrLit(c, it))
      of wError:
        if sym != nil and sym.isRoutine:
          # This is subtle but correct: the error *statement* is only
          # allowed for top level statements. Seems to be easier than
          # distinguishing properly between
          # ``proc p() {.error}`` and ``proc p() = {.error: "msg".}``
          noVal(it)
          incl(sym.flags, sfError)
        else:
          localError(it.info, errUser, expectStrLit(c, it))
      of wFatal: fatal(it.info, errUser, expectStrLit(c, it))
      of wDefine: processDefine(c, it)
      of wUndef: processUndef(c, it)
      of wCompile: processCompile(c, it)
      of wLink: processCommonLink(c, it, linkNormal)
      of wLinksys: processCommonLink(c, it, linkSys)
      of wPassl: extccomp.addLinkOption(expectStrLit(c, it))
      of wPassc: extccomp.addCompileOption(expectStrLit(c, it))
      of wBreakpoint: pragmaBreakpoint(c, it)
      of wWatchPoint: pragmaWatchpoint(c, it)
      of wPush:
        processPush(c, n, i + 1)
        result = true
      of wPop: processPop(c, it)
      of wPragma:
        processPragma(c, n, i)
        result = true
      of wDiscardable:
        noVal(it)
        if sym != nil: incl(sym.flags, sfDiscardable)
      of wNoInit:
        noVal(it)
        if sym != nil: incl(sym.flags, sfNoInit)
      of wCodegenDecl: processCodegenDecl(c, it, sym)
      of wChecks, wObjChecks, wFieldChecks, wRangechecks, wBoundchecks,
         wOverflowchecks, wNilchecks, wAssertions, wWarnings, wHints,
         wLinedir, wStacktrace, wLinetrace, wOptimization,
         wCallconv,
         wDebugger, wProfiler, wFloatchecks, wNanChecks, wInfChecks,
         wPatterns:
        if processOption(c, it):
          # calling conventions (boring...):
          localError(it.info, errOptionExpected)
      of FirstCallConv..LastCallConv:
        assert(sym != nil)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: sym.typ.callConv = wordToCallConv(k)
      of wEmit: pragmaEmit(c, it)
      of wUnroll: pragmaUnroll(c, it)
      of wLinearScanEnd, wComputedGoto: noVal(it)
      of wEffects:
        # is later processed in effect analysis:
        noVal(it)
      of wIncompleteStruct:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfIncompleteStruct)
      of wUnchecked:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfUncheckedArray)
      of wUnion:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfUnion)
      of wRequiresInit:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfNeedsInit)
      of wByRef:
        noVal(it)
        if sym == nil or sym.typ == nil:
          if processOption(c, it): localError(it.info, errOptionExpected)
        else:
          incl(sym.typ.flags, tfByRef)
      of wByCopy:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.kind != skType or sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: incl(sym.typ.flags, tfByCopy)
      of wPartial:
        noVal(it)
        if sym.kind != skType or sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else:
          incl(sym.typ.flags, tfPartial)
          # .partial types can only work with dead code elimination
          # to prevent the codegen from doing anything before we compiled
          # the whole program:
          incl gGlobalOptions, optDeadCodeElim
      of wInject, wGensym:
        # We check for errors, but do nothing with these pragmas otherwise
        # as they are handled directly in 'evalTemplate'.
        noVal(it)
        if sym == nil: invalidPragma(it)
      of wLine: pragmaLine(c, it)
      of wRaises, wTags: pragmaRaisesOrTags(c, it)
      of wLocks:
        if sym == nil: pragmaLockStmt(c, it)
        elif sym.typ == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: sym.typ.lockLevel = pragmaLocks(c, it)
      of wBitsize:
        if sym == nil or sym.kind != skField or it.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
          invalidPragma(it)
        else:
          sym.bitsize = expectIntLit(c, it)
      of wGuard:
        if sym == nil or sym.kind notin {skVar, skLet, skField}:
          invalidPragma(it)
        else:
          sym.guard = pragmaGuard(c, it, sym.kind)
      of wGoto:
        if sym == nil or sym.kind notin {skVar, skLet}:
          invalidPragma(it)
        else:
          sym.flags.incl sfGoto
      of wExportNims:
        if sym == nil: invalidPragma(it)
        else: magicsys.registerNimScriptSymbol(sym)
      of wInjectStmt:
        if it.kind != nkExprColonExpr:
          localError(it.info, errExprExpected)
        else:
          it.sons[1] = c.semExpr(c, it.sons[1])
      of wExperimental:
        noVal(it)
        if isTopLevel(c):
          c.module.flags.incl sfExperimental
        else:
          localError(it.info, "'experimental' pragma only valid as toplevel statement")
      of wThis:
        if it.kind == nkExprColonExpr:
          c.selfName = considerQuotedIdent(it[1])
        else:
          c.selfName = getIdent("self")
      of wNoRewrite:
        noVal(it)
      of wBase:
        noVal(it)
        sym.flags.incl sfBase
      of wIntDefine:
        sym.magic = mIntDefine
      of wStrDefine:
        sym.magic = mStrDefine
      else: invalidPragma(it)
    else: invalidPragma(it)

proc implicitPragmas*(c: PContext, sym: PSym, n: PNode,
                      validPragmas: TSpecialWords) =
  if sym != nil and sym.kind != skModule:
    var it = POptionEntry(c.optionStack.head)
    while it != nil:
      let o = it.otherPragmas
      if not o.isNil:
        pushInfoContext(n.info)
        for i in countup(0, sonsLen(o) - 1):
          if singlePragma(c, sym, o, i, validPragmas):
            internalError(n.info, "implicitPragmas")
        popInfoContext()
      it = it.next.POptionEntry

    if lfExportLib in sym.loc.flags and sfExportc notin sym.flags:
      localError(n.info, errDynlibRequiresExportc)
    var lib = POptionEntry(c.optionStack.tail).dynlib
    if {lfDynamicLib, lfHeader} * sym.loc.flags == {} and
        sfImportc in sym.flags and lib != nil:
      incl(sym.loc.flags, lfDynamicLib)
      addToLib(lib, sym)
      if sym.loc.r == nil: sym.loc.r = rope(sym.name.s)

proc hasPragma*(n: PNode, pragma: TSpecialWord): bool =
  if n == nil or n.sons == nil:
    return false

  for p in n.sons:
    var key = if p.kind == nkExprColonExpr: p[0] else: p
    if key.kind == nkIdent and whichKeyword(key.ident) == pragma:
      return true

  return false

proc pragmaRec(c: PContext, sym: PSym, n: PNode, validPragmas: TSpecialWords) =
  if n == nil: return
  for i in countup(0, sonsLen(n) - 1):
    if n.sons[i].kind == nkPragma: pragmaRec(c, sym, n.sons[i], validPragmas)
    elif singlePragma(c, sym, n, i, validPragmas): break

proc pragma(c: PContext, sym: PSym, n: PNode, validPragmas: TSpecialWords) =
  if n == nil: return
  pragmaRec(c, sym, n, validPragmas)
  implicitPragmas(c, sym, n, validPragmas)