opensym for templates + move behavior of opensymchoice to itself (#24007)

fixes #15314, fixes #24002

The OpenSym behavior first added to generics in #23091 now also applies
to templates, since templates can also capture symbols that are meant to
be replaced by local symbols if the context imports symbols with the
same name, as in the issue #24002. The experimental switch
`templateOpenSym` is added to enable this behavior for templates only,
and the experimental switch `openSym` is added to enable it for both
templates and generics, and the documentation now mainly mentions this
switch.

Additionally the logic for `nkOpenSymChoice` nodes that were previously
wrapped in `nkOpenSym` now apply to all `nkOpenSymChoice` nodes, and so
these nodes aren't wrapped in `nkOpenSym` anymore. This means
`nkOpenSym` can only have children of kind `nkSym` again, so it is more
in line with the structure of symchoice nodes. As for why they aren't
merged with `nkOpenSymChoice` nodes yet, we need some way to signal that
the node shouldn't become ambiguous if other options exist at
instantiation time, we already captured a symbol at the beginning and
another symbol can only replace it if it's closer in scope and
unambiguous.

18 files changed, 468 insertions, 120 deletions

diff --git a/changelog.md b/changelog.md
index d98c34474..c5f30bbe2 100644
--- a/changelog.md
+++ b/changelog.md
@@ -82,30 +82,38 @@ is often an easy workaround.
     let (a, (b, c)): (byte, (float, cstring)) = (1, (2, "abc"))
     ```
 
-- An experimental option `genericsOpenSym` has been added to allow captured
-  symbols in generic routine bodies to be replaced by symbols injected locally
-  by templates/macros at instantiation time. `bind` may be used to keep the
-  captured symbols over the injected ones regardless of enabling the option,
-  but other methods like renaming the captured symbols should be used instead
-  so that the code is not affected by context changes.
+- The experimental option `--experimental:openSym` has been added to allow
+  captured symbols in generic routine and template bodies respectively to be
+  replaced by symbols injected locally by templates/macros at instantiation
+  time. `bind` may be used to keep the captured symbols over the injected ones
+  regardless of enabling the option, but other methods like renaming the
+  captured symbols should be used instead so that the code is not affected by
+  context changes.
 
   Since this change may affect runtime behavior, the experimental switch
-  `genericsOpenSym` needs to be enabled, and a warning is given in the case
-  where an injected symbol would replace a captured symbol not bound by `bind`
-  and the experimental switch isn't enabled.
+  `openSym`, or `genericsOpenSym` and `templateOpenSym` for only the respective
+  routines, needs to be enabled; and a warning is given in the case where an
+  injected symbol would replace a captured symbol not bound by `bind` and
+  the experimental switch isn't enabled.
 
   ```nim
   const value = "captured"
-  template foo(x: int, body: untyped) =
+  template foo(x: int, body: untyped): untyped =
     let value {.inject.} = "injected"
     body
 
   proc old[T](): string =
     foo(123):
-      return value # warning: a new `value` has been injected, use `bind` or turn on `experimental:genericsOpenSym`
+      return value # warning: a new `value` has been injected, use `bind` or turn on `experimental:openSym`
   echo old[int]() # "captured"
 
-  {.experimental: "genericsOpenSym".}
+  template oldTempl(): string =
+    block:
+      foo(123):
+        value # warning: a new `value` has been injected, use `bind` or turn on `experimental:openSym`
+  echo oldTempl() # "captured"
+
+  {.experimental: "openSym".} # or {.experimental: "genericsOpenSym".} for just generic procs
 
   proc bar[T](): string =
     foo(123):
@@ -117,14 +125,28 @@ is often an easy workaround.
     foo(123):
       return value
   assert baz[int]() == "captured"
+
+  # {.experimental: "templateOpenSym".} would be needed here if genericsOpenSym was used
+
+  template barTempl(): string =
+    block:
+      foo(123):
+        value
+  assert barTempl() == "injected" # previously it would be "captured"
+
+  template bazTempl(): string =
+    bind value
+    block:
+      foo(123):
+        value
+  assert bazTempl() == "captured"
   ```
 
   This option also generates a new node kind `nnkOpenSym` which contains
-  exactly 1 of either an `nnkSym` or an `nnkOpenSymChoice` node. In the future
-  this might be merged with a slightly modified `nnkOpenSymChoice` node but
-  macros that want to support the experimental feature should still handle
-  `nnkOpenSym`, as the node kind would simply not be generated as opposed to
-  being removed.
+  exactly 1 `nnkSym` node. In the future this might be merged with a slightly
+  modified `nnkOpenSymChoice` node but macros that want to support the
+  experimental feature should still handle `nnkOpenSym`, as the node kind would
+  simply not be generated as opposed to being removed.
 
 ## Compiler changes
 
diff --git a/compiler/ast.nim b/compiler/ast.nim
index db6cd9761..eac4bf387 100644
--- a/compiler/ast.nim
+++ b/compiler/ast.nim
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ type
     nfHasComment # node has a comment
     nfSkipFieldChecking # node skips field visable checking
     nfDisabledOpenSym # temporary: node should be nkOpenSym but cannot
-                      # because genericsOpenSym experimental switch is disabled
+                      # because openSym experimental switch is disabled
                       # gives warning instead
 
   TNodeFlags* = set[TNodeFlag]
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ const
   nfAllFieldsSet* = nfBase2
 
   nkIdentKinds* = {nkIdent, nkSym, nkAccQuoted, nkOpenSymChoice,
-                   nkClosedSymChoice}
+                   nkClosedSymChoice, nkOpenSym}
 
   nkPragmaCallKinds* = {nkExprColonExpr, nkCall, nkCallStrLit}
   nkLiterals* = {nkCharLit..nkTripleStrLit}
@@ -1284,6 +1284,9 @@ proc newSymNode*(sym: PSym, info: TLineInfo): PNode =
   result.typ = sym.typ
   result.info = info
 
+proc newOpenSym*(n: PNode): PNode {.inline.} =
+  result = newTreeI(nkOpenSym, n.info, n)
+
 proc newIntNode*(kind: TNodeKind, intVal: BiggestInt): PNode =
   result = newNode(kind)
   result.intVal = intVal
diff --git a/compiler/lineinfos.nim b/compiler/lineinfos.nim
index b48252ace..5535dc109 100644
--- a/compiler/lineinfos.nim
+++ b/compiler/lineinfos.nim
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ type
     warnStmtListLambda = "StmtListLambda",
     warnBareExcept = "BareExcept",
     warnImplicitDefaultValue = "ImplicitDefaultValue",
-    warnGenericsIgnoredInjection = "GenericsIgnoredInjection",
+    warnIgnoredSymbolInjection = "IgnoredSymbolInjection",
     warnStdPrefix = "StdPrefix"
     warnUser = "User",
     warnGlobalVarConstructorTemporary = "GlobalVarConstructorTemporary",
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ const
     warnStmtListLambda: "statement list expression assumed to be anonymous proc; this is deprecated, use `do (): ...` or `proc () = ...` instead",
     warnBareExcept: "$1",
     warnImplicitDefaultValue: "$1",
-    warnGenericsIgnoredInjection: "$1",
+    warnIgnoredSymbolInjection: "$1",
     warnStdPrefix: "$1 needs the 'std' prefix",
     warnUser: "$1",
     warnGlobalVarConstructorTemporary: "global variable '$1' initialization requires a temporary variable",
diff --git a/compiler/lookups.nim b/compiler/lookups.nim
index c6940a4dc..0e576d765 100644
--- a/compiler/lookups.nim
+++ b/compiler/lookups.nim
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ proc considerQuotedIdent*(c: PContext; n: PNode, origin: PNode = nil): PIdent =
         case x.kind
         of nkIdent: id.add(x.ident.s)
         of nkSym: id.add(x.sym.name.s)
-        of nkSymChoices:
+        of nkSymChoices, nkOpenSym:
           if x[0].kind == nkSym:
             id.add(x[0].sym.name.s)
           else:
@@ -668,6 +668,8 @@ proc qualifiedLookUp*(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: set[TLookupFlag]): PSym =
     c.isAmbiguous = amb
   of nkSym:
     result = n.sym
+  of nkOpenSym:
+    result = qualifiedLookUp(c, n[0], flags)
   of nkDotExpr:
     result = nil
     var m = qualifiedLookUp(c, n[0], (flags * {checkUndeclared}) + {checkModule})
diff --git a/compiler/options.nim b/compiler/options.nim
index de412979f..34268259b 100644
--- a/compiler/options.nim
+++ b/compiler/options.nim
@@ -226,7 +226,9 @@ type
     strictDefs,
     strictCaseObjects,
     inferGenericTypes,
-    genericsOpenSym, # remove nfDisabledOpenSym when this switch is default
+    openSym, # remove nfDisabledOpenSym when this is default
+    # separated alternatives to above:
+    genericsOpenSym, templateOpenSym,
     vtables
 
   LegacyFeature* = enum
diff --git a/compiler/semexprs.nim b/compiler/semexprs.nim
index f52de6750..0c3691362 100644
--- a/compiler/semexprs.nim
+++ b/compiler/semexprs.nim
@@ -138,25 +138,6 @@ proc resolveSymChoice(c: PContext, n: var PNode, flags: TExprFlags = {}, expecte
       # to mirror behavior before overloadable enums
       n = n[0]
 
-proc semSymChoice(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags = {}, expectedType: PType = nil): PNode =
-  result = n
-  resolveSymChoice(c, result, flags, expectedType)
-  if isSymChoice(result) and result.len == 1:
-    # resolveSymChoice can leave 1 sym
-    result = result[0]
-  if isSymChoice(result) and efAllowSymChoice notin flags:
-    var err = "ambiguous identifier: '" & result[0].sym.name.s &
-      "' -- use one of the following:\n"
-    for child in n:
-      let candidate = child.sym
-      err.add "  " & candidate.owner.name.s & "." & candidate.name.s
-      err.add ": " & typeToString(candidate.typ) & "\n"
-    localError(c.config, n.info, err)
-    n.typ = errorType(c)
-    result = n
-  if result.kind == nkSym:
-    result = semSym(c, result, result.sym, flags)
-
 proc semOpenSym(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags, expectedType: PType,
                 warnDisabled = false): PNode =
   ## sem the child of an `nkOpenSym` node, that is, captured symbols that can be
@@ -189,23 +170,24 @@ proc semOpenSym(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags, expectedType: PType,
         else:
           var msg =
             "a new symbol '" & ident.s & "' has been injected during " &
-            "instantiation of " & c.p.owner.name.s & ", however "
+            # msgContext should show what is being instantiated:
+            "template or generic instantiation, however "
           if isSym:
             msg.add(
               getSymRepr(c.config, n.sym) & " captured at " &
               "the proc declaration will be used instead; " &
-              "either enable --experimental:genericsOpenSym to use the " &
-              "injected symbol or `bind` this captured symbol explicitly")
+              "either enable --experimental:openSym to use the injected symbol, " &
+              "or `bind` this captured symbol explicitly")
           else:
             msg.add(
               "overloads of " & ident.s & " will be used instead; " &
-              "either enable --experimental:genericsOpenSym to use the " &
-              "injected symbol or `bind` this symbol explicitly")
-          message(c.config, n.info, warnGenericsIgnoredInjection, msg)
+              "either enable --experimental:openSym to use the injected symbol, " &
+              "or `bind` this symbol explicitly")
+          message(c.config, n.info, warnIgnoredSymbolInjection, msg)
           break
       o = o.owner
   # nothing found
-  if not warnDisabled:
+  if not warnDisabled and isSym:
     result = semExpr(c, n, flags, expectedType)
   else:
     result = nil
@@ -213,6 +195,29 @@ proc semOpenSym(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags, expectedType: PType,
       # set symchoice node type back to None
       n.typ = newTypeS(tyNone, c)
 
+proc semSymChoice(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags = {}, expectedType: PType = nil): PNode =
+  if n.kind == nkOpenSymChoice:
+    result = semOpenSym(c, n, flags, expectedType, warnDisabled = nfDisabledOpenSym in n.flags)
+    if result != nil:
+      return
+  result = n
+  resolveSymChoice(c, result, flags, expectedType)
+  if isSymChoice(result) and result.len == 1:
+    # resolveSymChoice can leave 1 sym
+    result = result[0]
+  if isSymChoice(result) and efAllowSymChoice notin flags:
+    var err = "ambiguous identifier: '" & result[0].sym.name.s &
+      "' -- use one of the following:\n"
+    for child in n:
+      let candidate = child.sym
+      err.add "  " & candidate.owner.name.s & "." & candidate.name.s
+      err.add ": " & typeToString(candidate.typ) & "\n"
+    localError(c.config, n.info, err)
+    n.typ = errorType(c)
+    result = n
+  if result.kind == nkSym:
+    result = semSym(c, result, result.sym, flags)
+
 proc inlineConst(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym): PNode {.inline.} =
   result = copyTree(s.astdef)
   if result.isNil:
@@ -1780,7 +1785,7 @@ proc semSubscript(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags): PNode =
       result = nil
   else:
     let s = if n[0].kind == nkSym: n[0].sym
-            elif n[0].kind in nkSymChoices: n[0][0].sym
+            elif n[0].kind in nkSymChoices + {nkOpenSym}: n[0][0].sym
             else: nil
     if s != nil:
       case s.kind
@@ -3230,9 +3235,6 @@ proc semExpr(c: PContext, n: PNode, flags: TExprFlags = {}, expectedType: PType
     if isSymChoice(result):
       result = semSymChoice(c, result, flags, expectedType)
   of nkClosedSymChoice, nkOpenSymChoice:
-    if nfDisabledOpenSym in n.flags:
-      let res = semOpenSym(c, n, flags, expectedType, warnDisabled = true)
-      assert res == nil
     result = semSymChoice(c, n, flags, expectedType)
   of nkSym:
     let s = n.sym
diff --git a/compiler/semgnrc.nim b/compiler/semgnrc.nim
index 8efc8a94e..e3a8daf99 100644
--- a/compiler/semgnrc.nim
+++ b/compiler/semgnrc.nim
@@ -59,9 +59,6 @@ template isMixedIn(sym): bool =
 template canOpenSym(s): bool =
   {withinMixin, withinConcept} * flags == {withinMixin} and s.id notin ctx.toBind
 
-proc newOpenSym*(n: PNode): PNode {.inline.} =
-  result = newTreeI(nkOpenSym, n.info, n)
-
 proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
                           ctx: var GenericCtx; flags: TSemGenericFlags,
                           isAmbiguous: bool,
@@ -77,8 +74,11 @@ proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
     else:
       result = symChoice(c, n, s, scOpen)
       if canOpenSym(s):
-        if genericsOpenSym in c.features:
-          result = newOpenSym(result)
+        if {openSym, genericsOpenSym} * c.features != {}:
+          if result.kind == nkSym:
+            result = newOpenSym(result)
+          else:
+            result.typ = nil
         else:
           result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
           result.typ = nil
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
         # we are in a generic context and `prepareNode` will be called
         result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.idgen, n.info)
         if canOpenSym(result.sym):
-          if genericsOpenSym in c.features:
+          if {openSym, genericsOpenSym} * c.features != {}:
             result = newOpenSym(result)
           else:
             result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
     else:
       result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.idgen, n.info)
       if canOpenSym(result.sym):
-        if genericsOpenSym in c.features:
+        if {openSym, genericsOpenSym} * c.features != {}:
           result = newOpenSym(result)
         else:
           result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
         return
       result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.idgen, n.info)
       if canOpenSym(result.sym):
-        if genericsOpenSym in c.features:
+        if {openSym, genericsOpenSym} * c.features != {}:
           result = newOpenSym(result)
         else:
           result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
       # we are in a generic context and `prepareNode` will be called
       result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.idgen, n.info)
       if canOpenSym(result.sym):
-        if genericsOpenSym in c.features:
+        if {openSym, genericsOpenSym} * c.features != {}:
           result = newOpenSym(result)
         else:
           result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ proc semGenericStmtSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym,
   else:
     result = newSymNode(s, n.info)
     if canOpenSym(result.sym):
-      if genericsOpenSym in c.features:
+      if {openSym, genericsOpenSym} * c.features != {}:
         result = newOpenSym(result)
       else:
         result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
diff --git a/compiler/semtempl.nim b/compiler/semtempl.nim
index f7653a890..aef0ce9b3 100644
--- a/compiler/semtempl.nim
+++ b/compiler/semtempl.nim
@@ -218,47 +218,76 @@ proc addLocalDecl(c: var TemplCtx, n: var PNode, k: TSymKind) =
         if k == skParam and c.inTemplateHeader > 0:
           local.flags.incl sfTemplateParam
 
-proc semTemplSymbol(c: PContext, n: PNode, s: PSym; isField, isAmbiguous: bool): PNode =
+proc semTemplSymbol(c: var TemplCtx, n: PNode, s: PSym; isField, isAmbiguous: bool): PNode =
   incl(s.flags, sfUsed)
   # bug #12885; ideally sem'checking is performed again afterwards marking
   # the symbol as used properly, but the nfSem mechanism currently prevents
   # that from happening, so we mark the module as used here already:
-  markOwnerModuleAsUsed(c, s)
+  markOwnerModuleAsUsed(c.c, s)
   # we do not call onUse here, as the identifier is not really
   # resolved here. We will fixup the used identifiers later.
   case s.kind
   of skUnknown:
     # Introduced in this pass! Leave it as an identifier.
     result = n
-  of OverloadableSyms-{skTemplate,skMacro}:
-    result = symChoice(c, n, s, scOpen, isField)
-  of skTemplate, skMacro:
-    result = symChoice(c, n, s, scOpen, isField)
-    if result.kind == nkSym:
-      # template/macro symbols might need to be semchecked again
-      # prepareOperand etc don't do this without setting the type to nil
-      result.typ = nil
+  of OverloadableSyms:
+    result = symChoice(c.c, n, s, scOpen, isField)
+    if not isField and result.kind in {nkSym, nkOpenSymChoice}:
+      if {openSym, templateOpenSym} * c.c.features != {}:
+        if result.kind == nkSym:
+          result = newOpenSym(result)
+        else:
+          result.typ = nil
+      else:
+        result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
+        result.typ = nil
   of skGenericParam:
     if isField and sfGenSym in s.flags: result = n
-    else: result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.idgen, n.info)
+    else:
+      result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.c.idgen, n.info)
+      if not isField and s.owner != c.owner:
+        if {openSym, templateOpenSym} * c.c.features != {}:
+          result = newOpenSym(result)
+        else:
+          result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
+          result.typ = nil
   of skParam:
     result = n
   of skType:
     if isField and sfGenSym in s.flags: result = n
-    elif isAmbiguous:
-      # ambiguous types should be symchoices since lookup behaves
-      # differently for them in regular expressions
-      result = symChoice(c, n, s, scOpen, isField)
-    else: result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.idgen, n.info)
+    else:
+      if isAmbiguous:
+        # ambiguous types should be symchoices since lookup behaves
+        # differently for them in regular expressions
+        result = symChoice(c.c, n, s, scOpen, isField)
+      else: result = newSymNodeTypeDesc(s, c.c.idgen, n.info)
+      if not isField and not (s.owner == c.owner and
+          s.typ != nil and s.typ.kind == tyGenericParam) and
+          result.kind in {nkSym, nkOpenSymChoice}:
+        if {openSym, templateOpenSym} * c.c.features != {}:
+          if result.kind == nkSym:
+            result = newOpenSym(result)
+          else:
+            result.typ = nil
+        else:
+          result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
+          result.typ = nil
   else:
     if isField and sfGenSym in s.flags: result = n
-    else: result = newSymNode(s, n.info)
+    else:
+      result = newSymNode(s, n.info)
+      if not isField:
+        if {openSym, templateOpenSym} * c.c.features != {}:
+          result = newOpenSym(result)
+        else:
+          result.flags.incl nfDisabledOpenSym
+          result.typ = nil
     # Issue #12832
     when defined(nimsuggest):
-      suggestSym(c.graph, n.info, s, c.graph.usageSym, false)
+      suggestSym(c.c.graph, n.info, s, c.c.graph.usageSym, false)
     # field access (dot expr) will be handled by builtinFieldAccess
     if not isField:
-      styleCheckUse(c, n.info, s)
+      styleCheckUse(c.c, n.info, s)
 
 proc semRoutineInTemplName(c: var TemplCtx, n: PNode, explicitInject: bool): PNode =
   result = n
@@ -369,7 +398,7 @@ proc semTemplBody(c: var TemplCtx, n: PNode): PNode =
       else:
         if s.kind in {skVar, skLet, skConst}:
           discard qualifiedLookUp(c.c, n, {checkAmbiguity, checkModule})
-        result = semTemplSymbol(c.c, n, s, c.noGenSym > 0, c.c.isAmbiguous)
+        result = semTemplSymbol(c, n, s, c.noGenSym > 0, c.c.isAmbiguous)
   of nkBind:
     result = semTemplBody(c, n[0])
   of nkBindStmt:
@@ -580,7 +609,7 @@ proc semTemplBody(c: var TemplCtx, n: PNode): PNode =
       else:
         if s.kind in {skVar, skLet, skConst}:
           discard qualifiedLookUp(c.c, n, {checkAmbiguity, checkModule})
-        return semTemplSymbol(c.c, n, s, c.noGenSym > 0, c.c.isAmbiguous)
+        return semTemplSymbol(c, n, s, c.noGenSym > 0, c.c.isAmbiguous)
     if n.kind == nkDotExpr:
       result = n
       result[0] = semTemplBody(c, n[0])
diff --git a/compiler/semtypes.nim b/compiler/semtypes.nim
index 292558b5b..2b6a7b6a7 100644
--- a/compiler/semtypes.nim
+++ b/compiler/semtypes.nim
@@ -1282,7 +1282,7 @@ proc semParamType(c: PContext, n: PNode, constraint: var PNode): PType =
     result = semTypeNode(c, n[0], nil)
     constraint = semNodeKindConstraints(n, c.config, 1)
   elif n.kind == nkCall and
-      n[0].kind in {nkIdent, nkSym, nkOpenSymChoice, nkClosedSymChoice} and
+      n[0].kind in {nkIdent, nkSym, nkOpenSymChoice, nkClosedSymChoice, nkOpenSym} and
       considerQuotedIdent(c, n[0]).s == "{}":
     result = semTypeNode(c, n[1], nil)
     constraint = semNodeKindConstraints(n, c.config, 2)
@@ -1965,11 +1965,7 @@ proc semTypeNode(c: PContext, n: PNode, prev: PType): PType =
   of nkTupleConstr: result = semAnonTuple(c, n, prev)
   of nkCallKinds:
     let x = n[0]
-    let ident = case x.kind
-                of nkIdent: x.ident
-                of nkSym: x.sym.name
-                of nkClosedSymChoice, nkOpenSymChoice: x[0].sym.name
-                else: nil
+    let ident = x.getPIdent
     if ident != nil and ident.s == "[]":
       let b = newNodeI(nkBracketExpr, n.info)
       for i in 1..<n.len: b.add(n[i])
@@ -2059,7 +2055,9 @@ proc semTypeNode(c: PContext, n: PNode, prev: PType): PType =
       elif op.id == ord(wType):
         checkSonsLen(n, 2, c.config)
         result = semTypeOf(c, n[1], prev)
-      elif op.s == "typeof" and n[0].kind == nkSym and n[0].sym.magic == mTypeOf:
+      elif op.s == "typeof" and (
+          (n[0].kind == nkSym and n[0].sym.magic == mTypeOf) or
+          (n[0].kind == nkOpenSym and n[0][0].sym.magic == mTypeOf)):
         result = semTypeOf2(c, n, prev)
       elif op.s == "owned" and optOwnedRefs notin c.config.globalOptions and n.len == 2:
         result = semTypeExpr(c, n[1], prev)
diff --git a/doc/manual_experimental.md b/doc/manual_experimental.md
index 34399e6f9..6998e313d 100644
--- a/doc/manual_experimental.md
+++ b/doc/manual_experimental.md
@@ -2522,33 +2522,40 @@ Notice we use the overload of `()` to have the same semantics in Nim, but on the
 This allows to easy interop with functions that accepts for example a `const` operator in its signature. 
 
 
-Injected symbols in generic procs
-=================================
+Injected symbols in generic procs and templates
+===============================================
 
-With the experimental option `genericsOpenSym`, captured symbols in generic
-routine bodies may be replaced by symbols injected locally by templates/macros
-at instantiation time. `bind` may be used to keep the captured symbols over
-the injected ones regardless of enabling the option, but other methods like
+With the experimental option `openSym`, captured symbols in generic routine and
+template bodies may be replaced by symbols injected locally by templates/macros
+at instantiation time. `bind` may be used to keep the captured symbols over the
+injected ones regardless of enabling the options, but other methods like
 renaming the captured symbols should be used instead so that the code is not
 affected by context changes.
-  
+
 Since this change may affect runtime behavior, the experimental switch
-`genericsOpenSym` needs to be enabled, and a warning is given in the case
-where an injected symbol would replace a captured symbol not bound by `bind`
-and the experimental switch isn't enabled.
+`openSym`, or `genericsOpenSym` and `templateOpenSym` for only the respective
+routines, needs to be enabled; and a warning is given in the case where an
+injected symbol would replace a captured symbol not bound by `bind` and
+the experimental switch isn't enabled.
 
 ```nim
 const value = "captured"
-template foo(x: int, body: untyped) =
+template foo(x: int, body: untyped): untyped =
   let value {.inject.} = "injected"
   body
 
 proc old[T](): string =
   foo(123):
-    return value # warning: a new `value` has been injected, use `bind` or turn on `experimental:genericsOpenSym`
+    return value # warning: a new `value` has been injected, use `bind` or turn on `experimental:openSym`
 echo old[int]() # "captured"
 
-{.experimental: "genericsOpenSym".}
+template oldTempl(): string =
+  block:
+    foo(123):
+      value # warning: a new `value` has been injected, use `bind` or turn on `experimental:openSym`
+echo oldTempl() # "captured"
+
+{.experimental: "openSym".} # or {.experimental: "genericsOpenSym".} for just generic procs
 
 proc bar[T](): string =
   foo(123):
@@ -2560,14 +2567,28 @@ proc baz[T](): string =
   foo(123):
     return value
 assert baz[int]() == "captured"
+
+# {.experimental: "templateOpenSym".} would be needed here if genericsOpenSym was used
+
+template barTempl(): string =
+  block:
+    foo(123):
+      value
+assert barTempl() == "injected" # previously it would be "captured"
+
+template bazTempl(): string =
+  bind value
+  block:
+    foo(123):
+      value
+assert bazTempl() == "captured"
 ```
 
 This option also generates a new node kind `nnkOpenSym` which contains
-exactly 1 of either an `nnkSym` or an `nnkOpenSymChoice` node. In the future
-this might be merged with a slightly modified `nnkOpenSymChoice` node but
-macros that want to support the experimental feature should still handle
-`nnkOpenSym`, as the node kind would simply not be generated as opposed to
-being removed.
+exactly 1 `nnkSym` node. In the future this might be merged with a slightly
+modified `nnkOpenSymChoice` node but macros that want to support the
+experimental feature should still handle `nnkOpenSym`, as the node kind would
+simply not be generated as opposed to being removed.
 
 
 VTable for methods
diff --git a/lib/pure/pegs.nim b/lib/pure/pegs.nim
index ca2e80021..2969fd6d7 100644
--- a/lib/pure/pegs.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/pegs.nim
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ template eventParser*(pegAst, handlers: untyped): (proc(s: string): int) =
           `enter hdPostf`(s, pegNode, start)
         else:
           discard
-      let hdPostf = ident(substr(strVal(pegKind), 2))
+      let hdPostf = ident(substr($pegKind, 2))
       getAst(mkDoEnter(hdPostf, s, pegNode, start))
 
     macro leave(pegKind, s, pegNode, start, length: untyped): untyped =
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ template eventParser*(pegAst, handlers: untyped): (proc(s: string): int) =
           `leave hdPostf`(s, pegNode, start, length)
         else:
           discard
-      let hdPostf = ident(substr(strVal(pegKind), 2))
+      let hdPostf = ident(substr($pegKind, 2))
       getAst(mkDoLeave(hdPostf, s, pegNode, start, length))
 
     matchOrParse(parseIt)
diff --git a/lib/pure/sugar.nim b/lib/pure/sugar.nim
index e3ec99b0c..90ba20c13 100644
--- a/lib/pure/sugar.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/sugar.nim
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ proc freshIdentNodes(ast: NimNode): NimNode =
   # see also https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/pull/8531#issuecomment-410436458
   proc inspect(node: NimNode): NimNode =
     case node.kind:
-    of nnkIdent, nnkSym:
+    of nnkIdent, nnkSym, nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSym:
       result = ident($node)
     of nnkEmpty, nnkLiterals:
       result = node
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ proc collectImpl(init, body: NimNode): NimNode {.since: (1, 1).} =
   if init != nil:
     expectKind init, {nnkCall, nnkIdent, nnkSym, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkOpenSym}
     bracketExpr = newTree(nnkBracketExpr,
-      if init.kind in {nnkCall, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSymChoice}:
+      if init.kind in {nnkCall, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkOpenSym}:
         freshIdentNodes(init[0]) else: freshIdentNodes(init))
   else:
     bracketExpr = newTree(nnkBracketExpr)
diff --git a/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nim b/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nim
index e31b0481d..be637e58a 100644
--- a/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nim
+++ b/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nim
@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ static:
   doAssert compileOption("experimental", "strictDefs")
   doAssert compileOption("experimental", "strictCaseObjects")
   doAssert compileOption("experimental", "inferGenericTypes")
-  doAssert compileOption("experimental", "genericsOpenSym")
-  doAssert compileOption("experimental", "vtables")
\ No newline at end of file
+  doAssert compileOption("experimental", "openSym")
+  doAssert compileOption("experimental", "vtables")
diff --git a/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nims b/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nims
index a2094eb4a..c2c357caa 100644
--- a/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nims
+++ b/tests/compileoption/texperimental.nims
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ switch("experimental", "flexibleOptionalParams")
 switch("experimental", "strictDefs")
 switch("experimental", "strictCaseObjects")
 switch("experimental", "inferGenericTypes")
-switch("experimental", "genericsOpenSym")
-switch("experimental", "vtables")
\ No newline at end of file
+switch("experimental", "openSym")
+switch("experimental", "vtables")
diff --git a/tests/config.nims b/tests/config.nims
index 91934cc74..31610e128 100644
--- a/tests/config.nims
+++ b/tests/config.nims
@@ -45,4 +45,4 @@ switch("define", "nimPreviewNonVarDestructor")
 switch("warningAserror", "UnnamedBreak")
 switch("legacy", "verboseTypeMismatch")
 switch("experimental", "vtables")
-switch("experimental", "genericsOpenSym")
+switch("experimental", "openSym")
diff --git a/tests/generics/tmacroinjectedsymwarning.nim b/tests/generics/tmacroinjectedsymwarning.nim
index 4b2ae4f7e..77119004b 100644
--- a/tests/generics/tmacroinjectedsymwarning.nim
+++ b/tests/generics/tmacroinjectedsymwarning.nim
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ proc f(): Result[int, cstring] =
 
 proc g(T: type): string =
   let x = f().valueOr:
-    {.push warningAsError[GenericsIgnoredInjection]: on.}
+    {.push warningAsError[IgnoredSymbolInjection]: on.}
     # test spurious error
     discard true
     let _ = f
     {.pop.}
     return $error #[tt.Warning
-            ^ a new symbol 'error' has been injected during instantiation of g, however 'error' [enumField declared in tmacroinjectedsymwarning.nim(6, 3)] captured at the proc declaration will be used instead; either enable --experimental:genericsOpenSym to use the injected symbol or `bind` this captured symbol explicitly [GenericsIgnoredInjection]]#
+            ^ a new symbol 'error' has been injected during template or generic instantiation, however 'error' [enumField declared in tmacroinjectedsymwarning.nim(6, 3)] captured at the proc declaration will be used instead; either enable --experimental:openSym to use the injected symbol, or `bind` this captured symbol explicitly [IgnoredSymbolInjection]]#
 
   "ok"
 
diff --git a/tests/template/topensym.nim b/tests/template/topensym.nim
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9393e1971
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/template/topensym.nim
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+{.experimental: "templateOpenSym".}
+
+block: # issue #24002
+  type Result[T, E] = object
+  func value[T, E](self: Result[T, E]): T {.inline.} =
+    discard
+  func value[T: not void, E](self: var Result[T, E]): var T {.inline.} =
+    discard
+  template unrecognizedFieldWarning =
+    doAssert value == 123
+    let x = value
+    doAssert value == x
+  proc readValue(value: var int) =
+    unrecognizedFieldWarning()
+  var foo: int = 123
+  readValue(foo)
+
+block: # issue #22605 for templates, normal call syntax
+  const error = "bad"
+
+  template valueOr(self: int, def: untyped): untyped =
+    case false
+    of true: ""
+    of false:
+      template error: untyped {.used, inject.} = "good"
+      def
+
+  template g(T: type): string =
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = valueOr 123:
+      res = $error
+      "dummy"
+    res
+
+  doAssert g(int) == "good"
+
+  template g2(T: type): string =
+    bind error # use the bad version on purpose
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = valueOr 123:
+      res = $error
+      "dummy"
+    res
+
+  doAssert g2(int) == "bad"
+
+block: # issue #22605 for templates, method call syntax
+  const error = "bad"
+
+  template valueOr(self: int, def: untyped): untyped =
+    case false
+    of true: ""
+    of false:
+      template error: untyped {.used, inject.} = "good"
+      def
+
+  template g(T: type): string =
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = 123.valueOr:
+      res = $error
+      "dummy"
+    res
+
+  doAssert g(int) == "good"
+
+  template g2(T: type): string =
+    bind error # use the bad version on purpose
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = 123.valueOr:
+      res = $error
+      "dummy"
+    res
+
+  doAssert g2(int) == "bad"
+
+block: # issue #22605 for templates, original complex example
+  type Xxx = enum
+    error
+    value
+
+  type
+    Result[T, E] = object
+      when T is void:
+        when E is void:
+          oResultPrivate*: bool
+        else:
+          case oResultPrivate*: bool
+          of false:
+            eResultPrivate*: E
+          of true:
+            discard
+      else:
+        when E is void:
+          case oResultPrivate*: bool
+          of false:
+            discard
+          of true:
+            vResultPrivate*: T
+        else:
+          case oResultPrivate*: bool
+          of false:
+            eResultPrivate*: E
+          of true:
+            vResultPrivate*: T
+
+  template valueOr[T: not void, E](self: Result[T, E], def: untyped): untyped =
+    let s = (self) # TODO avoid copy
+    case s.oResultPrivate
+    of true:
+      s.vResultPrivate
+    of false:
+      when E isnot void:
+        template error: untyped {.used, inject.} = s.eResultPrivate
+      def
+
+  proc f(): Result[int, cstring] =
+    Result[int, cstring](oResultPrivate: false, eResultPrivate: "f")
+
+  template g(T: type): string =
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = f().valueOr:
+      res = $error
+      123
+    res
+
+  doAssert g(int) == "f"
+
+  template g2(T: type): string =
+    bind error # use the bad version on purpose
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = f().valueOr:
+      res = $error
+      123
+    res
+
+  doAssert g2(int) == "error"
+
+block: # issue #23865 for templates
+  type Xxx = enum
+    error
+    value
+
+  type
+    Result[T, E] = object
+      when T is void:
+        when E is void:
+          oResultPrivate: bool
+        else:
+          case oResultPrivate: bool
+          of false:
+            eResultPrivate: E
+          of true:
+            discard
+      else:
+        when E is void:
+          case oResultPrivate: bool
+          of false:
+            discard
+          of true:
+            vResultPrivate: T
+        else:
+          case oResultPrivate: bool
+          of false:
+            eResultPrivate: E
+          of true:
+            vResultPrivate: T
+
+  func error[T, E](self: Result[T, E]): E =
+    ## Fetch error of result if set, or raise Defect
+    case self.oResultPrivate
+    of true:
+      when T isnot void:
+        raiseResultDefect("Trying to access error when value is set", self.vResultPrivate)
+      else:
+        raiseResultDefect("Trying to access error when value is set")
+    of false:
+      when E isnot void:
+        self.eResultPrivate
+
+  template valueOr[T: not void, E](self: Result[T, E], def: untyped): untyped =
+    let s = (self) # TODO avoid copy
+    case s.oResultPrivate
+    of true:
+      s.vResultPrivate
+    of false:
+      when E isnot void:
+        template error: untyped {.used, inject.} = s.eResultPrivate
+      def
+  proc f(): Result[int, cstring] =
+    Result[int, cstring](oResultPrivate: false, eResultPrivate: "f")
+  template g(T: type): string =
+    var res = "ok"
+    let x = f().valueOr:
+      res = $error
+      123
+    res
+  doAssert g(int) == "f"
+
+import std/sequtils
+
+block: # issue #15314
+  var it: string
+  var nums = @[1,2,3]
+
+  template doubleNums() =
+    nums.applyIt(it * 2)
+
+  doubleNums()
+  doAssert nums == @[2, 4, 6]
diff --git a/tests/template/topensymwarning.nim b/tests/template/topensymwarning.nim
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0bbe0a9fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/template/topensymwarning.nim
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+discard """
+  matrix: "--skipParentCfg --filenames:legacyRelProj"
+"""
+
+type Xxx = enum
+  error
+  value
+
+type
+  Result[T, E] = object
+    when T is void:
+      when E is void:
+        oResultPrivate*: bool
+      else:
+        case oResultPrivate*: bool
+        of false:
+          eResultPrivate*: E
+        of true:
+          discard
+    else:
+      when E is void:
+        case oResultPrivate*: bool
+        of false:
+          discard
+        of true:
+          vResultPrivate*: T
+      else:
+        case oResultPrivate*: bool
+        of false:
+          eResultPrivate*: E
+        of true:
+          vResultPrivate*: T
+
+template valueOr[T: not void, E](self: Result[T, E], def: untyped): untyped =
+  let s = (self) # TODO avoid copy
+  case s.oResultPrivate
+  of true:
+    s.vResultPrivate
+  of false:
+    when E isnot void:
+      template error: untyped {.used, inject.} = s.eResultPrivate
+    def
+
+proc f(): Result[int, cstring] =
+  Result[int, cstring](oResultPrivate: false, eResultPrivate: "f")
+
+template g(T: type): string =
+  var res = "ok"
+  let x = f().valueOr:
+    {.push warningAsError[IgnoredSymbolInjection]: on.}
+    # test spurious error
+    discard true
+    let _ = f
+    {.pop.}
+    res = $error #[tt.Warning
+           ^ a new symbol 'error' has been injected during template or generic instantiation, however 'error' [enumField declared in topensymwarning.nim(6, 3)] captured at the proc declaration will be used instead; either enable --experimental:openSym to use the injected symbol, or `bind` this captured symbol explicitly [IgnoredSymbolInjection]]#
+    123
+  res
+
+discard g(int)