added tools and web dirs

author: Andreas Rumpf <andreasrumpf@noname> 2009-09-15 23:22:22 +0200
committer: Andreas Rumpf <andreasrumpf@noname> 2009-09-15 23:22:22 +0200
commit: 66a7e3d37c0303997a6b1a3b7ec263dfb8c07748 (patch)
tree: 40ae1ab8aeb9086b7310ea73ab8a2ed6b597f88b /doc
parent: 300430fbba28b408f7ac86ca46b03d9d50839399 (diff)
download: Nim-66a7e3d37c0303997a6b1a3b7ec263dfb8c07748.tar.gz
20 files changed, 1052 insertions, 751 deletions
diff --git a/doc/abstypes.txt b/doc/abstypes.txt
index 00a42639c..44c3bb0c9 100644..100755
--- a/doc/abstypes.txt
+++ b/doc/abstypes.txt
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ we define our own ``+`` for dollars:
     result = TDollar(int(x) + int(y))
 
 It does not make sense to multiply a dollar with a dollar, but with a
-unit-less number; and the same holds for division:
+number without unit; and the same holds for division:
 
 .. code-block:: 
   proc `*` (x: TDollar, y: int): TDollar = 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ But it seems we still have to repeat all this boilerplate code for
 the ``TEuro`` currency. Fortunately, Nimrod has a template mechanism: 
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
-  template Additive(typ: typeExpr): stmt =
+  template Additive(typ: typeDesc): stmt =
     proc `+` *(x, y: typ): typ {.borrow.}
     proc `-` *(x, y: typ): typ {.borrow.}
     
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ the ``TEuro`` currency. Fortunately, Nimrod has a template mechanism:
     proc `+` *(x: typ): typ {.borrow.}
     proc `-` *(x: typ): typ {.borrow.}
     
-  template Multiplicative(typ, base: typeExpr): stmt = 
+  template Multiplicative(typ, base: typeDesc): stmt = 
     proc `*` *(x: typ, y: base): typ {.borrow.}
     proc `*` *(x: base, y: typ): typ {.borrow.}
     proc `div` *(x: typ, y: base): typ {.borrow.}
     proc `mod` *(x: typ, y: base): typ {.borrow.}
     
-  template Comparable(typ: typeExpr): stmt = 
+  template Comparable(typ: typeDesc): stmt = 
     proc `<` * (x, y: typ): bool {.borrow.}
     proc `<=` * (x, y: typ): bool {.borrow.}
     proc `==` * (x, y: typ): bool {.borrow.}
diff --git a/doc/astspec.txt b/doc/astspec.txt
index eec2808fd..eec2808fd 100644..100755
--- a/doc/astspec.txt
+++ b/doc/astspec.txt
diff --git a/doc/docs.txt b/doc/docs.txt
index a731b1504..a731b1504 100644..100755
--- a/doc/docs.txt
+++ b/doc/docs.txt
diff --git a/doc/endb.txt b/doc/endb.txt
index 63e382859..63e382859 100644..100755
--- a/doc/endb.txt
+++ b/doc/endb.txt
diff --git a/doc/filelist.txt b/doc/filelist.txt
index 0e636652a..0e636652a 100644..100755
--- a/doc/filelist.txt
+++ b/doc/filelist.txt
diff --git a/doc/grammar.txt b/doc/grammar.txt
index 8c3966387..2fcb68236 100644..100755
--- a/doc/grammar.txt
+++ b/doc/grammar.txt
@@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ fromStmt ::= 'from' filename 'import' symbol (comma symbol)*
 
 pragma ::= '{.' optInd (colonExpr [comma])* [SAD] ('.}' | '}')
 
-param ::= symbol (comma symbol)* ':' typeDesc
+param ::= symbol (comma symbol)* (':' typeDesc ['=' expr] | '=' expr)
 paramList ::= ['(' [param (comma param)*] [SAD] ')'] [':' typeDesc]
 
-genericParam ::= symbol [':' typeDesc]
+genericParam ::= symbol [':' typeDesc] ['=' expr]
 genericParams ::= '[' genericParam (comma genericParam)* [SAD] ']'
 
 procDecl ::= 'proc' symbol ['*'] [genericParams] paramList [pragma]
diff --git a/doc/intern.txt b/doc/intern.txt
index 646cb9d9c..1deeb4c4e 100644..100755
--- a/doc/intern.txt
+++ b/doc/intern.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ The Nimrod project's directory structure is:
 ============   ==============================================
 Path           Purpose
 ============   ==============================================
-``bin``        binary files go into here
+``bin``        generated binary files
 ``build``      generated C code for the installation
 ``nim``        Pascal sources of the Nimrod compiler; this
                should be modified, not the Nimrod version in
@@ -26,16 +26,16 @@ Path           Purpose
                automatically generated from the Pascal
                version
 ``data``       data files that are used for generating source
-               code go into here
+               code
 ``doc``        the documentation lives here; it is a bunch of
                reStructuredText files
 ``dist``       additional packages for the distribution
-``config``     configuration files for Nimrod go into here
+``config``     configuration files for Nimrod
 ``lib``        the Nimrod library lives here; ``rod`` depends
                on it!
 ``web``        website of Nimrod; generated by ``koch.py``
                from the ``*.txt`` and ``*.tmpl`` files
-``obj``        generated ``*.obj`` files go into here
+``obj``        generated ``*.obj`` files
 ============   ==============================================
 
 
@@ -72,6 +72,18 @@ the same::
   ./boot [-d:release]
 
 
+Coding Guidelines
+=================
+
+* Use CamelCase, not underscored_identifiers.
+* Indent with two spaces.
+* Max line length is 80 characters.
+* Provide spaces around binary operators if that enhances readability.
+* Use a space after a colon, but not before it.
+* Start types with a capital ``T``, unless they are pointers which start with
+  ``P``. 
+
+
 Pascal annotations
 ==================
 There are some annotations that the Pascal sources use so that they can
@@ -153,9 +165,9 @@ Complex assignments
   for any type that needs one. However, this would make the code bigger and
   the RTTI is likely already there for the GC.
 
-We already knew the type information as a graph in the compiler.
+We already know the type information as a graph in the compiler.
 Thus we need to serialize this graph as RTTI for C code generation.
-Look at the file ``lib/hti.nim`` for more information.
+Look at the file ``lib/system/hti.nim`` for more information.
 
 
 The Garbage Collector
@@ -243,11 +255,8 @@ Consider this example:
               # r is on the stack
     setRef(r.left) # here we should update the refcounts!
 
-Though it would be possible to produce code updating the refcounts (if
-necessary) before and after the call to ``setRef``, it is a complex task to
-do so in the code generator. So we don't and instead decide at runtime
-whether the reference is on the stack or not. The generated code looks
-roughly like this:
+We have to decide at runtime whether the reference is on the stack or not. 
+The generated code looks roughly like this:
 
 .. code-block:: C
   void setref(TNode** ref) {
@@ -260,13 +269,7 @@ roughly like this:
 
 Note that for systems with a continous stack (which most systems have)
 the check whether the ref is on the stack is very cheap (only two
-comparisons). Another advantage of this scheme is that the code produced is
-smaller.
-
-
-The algorithm in pseudo-code
-----------------------------
-To be written.
+comparisons).
 
 
 The compiler's architecture
@@ -332,3 +335,93 @@ underlying C compiler already does all the hard work for us. The problem is the
 common runtime library, especially the memory manager. Note that Borland's
 Delphi had exactly the same problem. The workaround is to not link the GC with
 the Dll and provide an extra runtime dll that needs to be initialized.
+
+
+Code generation for closures
+============================
+
+Example code:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  proc add(x: int): proc (y: int): int {.closure.} = 
+    return lambda (y: int): int = 
+      return x + y
+
+  var add2 = add(2)
+  echo add2(5) #OUT 7
+
+This should produce roughly this code:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  type
+    PClosure = ref object 
+      fn: proc (x: int, c: PClosure): int
+      x: int # data
+  
+  proc wasLambda(y: int, c: PClosure): int = 
+    return y + c.x
+  
+  proc add(x: int): PClosure = 
+    var c: PClosure
+    new(c)
+    c.x = x
+    c.fn = wasLambda
+  
+  var add2 = add(2)
+  echo add2.fn(5, add2)
+
+
+Beware of nesting:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  proc add(x: int): proc (y: int): proc (z: int): int {.closure.} {.closure.} = 
+    return lamba (y: int): proc (z: int): int {.closure.} = 
+      return lambda (z: int): int = 
+        return x + y + z
+
+  var add24 = add(2)(4)
+  echo add24(5) #OUT 11
+
+This should produce roughly this code:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  type
+    PClosure1 = ref object 
+      fn: proc (x: int, c: PClosure1): int
+      x: int # data
+      
+    PClosure2 = ref object 
+      fn: proc (x: int, c: PClosure2): int
+      y: int
+      c1: PClosure1
+      
+  
+  proc innerLambda(z: int, c2: PClosure2): int = 
+    return c2.c1.x + c2.y + z
+  
+  proc outerLambda1(y: int, c1: PClosure1): PClosure2 = 
+    new(result)
+    result.c1 = c1
+    result.y = y
+    result.fn = innerLambda
+  
+  proc add(x: int): PClosure1 = 
+    new(result)
+    result.x = x
+    result.fn = outerLambda
+  
+  var tmp = add(2)
+  var tmp2 = tmp.fn(4, tmp)
+  var add24 = tmp2.fn(4, tmp2)
+  echo add24(5)
+
+
+Accumulator
+-----------
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  proc GetAccumulator(start: int): proc (): int {.closure} = 
+    var i = start
+    return lambda: int = 
+      inc i
+      return i
diff --git a/doc/lib.txt b/doc/lib.txt
index ec861b4c1..6850ab515 100644..100755
--- a/doc/lib.txt
+++ b/doc/lib.txt
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Impure libraries
 Wrappers
 ========
 
-Note that the generated HTML for some of these wrappers is so huge, that it is
+The generated HTML for some of these wrappers is so huge, that it is
 not contained in the distribution. You can then find them on the website.
 
 * `posix <posix.html>`_
diff --git a/doc/manual.txt b/doc/manual.txt
index 1c7eb01b7..e02bc1397 100644..100755
--- a/doc/manual.txt
+++ b/doc/manual.txt
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ Nimrod Manual
 .. contents::
 
 
+  "Complexity" seems to be a lot like "energy": you can transfer it from the end 
+  user to one/some of the other players, but the total amount seems to remain 
+  pretty much constant for a given task. -- Ran
+
 About this document
 ===================
 
@@ -171,10 +175,10 @@ preferred. Another advantage is that it frees the programmer from remembering
 the exact spelling of an identifier.
 
 
-Literal strings
+String literals
 ---------------
 
-`Literal strings`:idx: can be delimited by matching double quotes, and can
+`String literals`:idx: can be delimited by matching double quotes, and can
 contain the following `escape sequences`:idx:\ :
 
 ==================         ===================================================
@@ -202,12 +206,21 @@ contain the following `escape sequences`:idx:\ :
 
 Strings in Nimrod may contain any 8-bit value, except embedded zeros.
 
-Literal strings can also be delimited by three double squotes
+
+Triple quoted string literals
+-----------------------------
+
+String literals can also be delimited by three double quotes
 ``"""`` ... ``"""``.
 Literals in this form may run for several lines, may contain ``"`` and do not
 interpret any escape sequences.
 For convenience, when the opening ``"""`` is immediately followed by a newline, 
 the newline is not included in the string.
+
+
+Raw string literals
+-------------------
+
 There are also `raw string literals` that are preceded with the letter ``r``
 (or ``R``) and are delimited by matching double quotes (just like ordinary
 string literals) and do not interpret the escape sequences. This is especially
@@ -218,7 +231,22 @@ convenient for regular expressions or Windows paths:
   var f = openFile(r"C:\texts\text.txt") # a raw string, so ``\t`` is no tab
 
 
-Literal characters
+Generalized raw string literals
+-------------------------------
+
+The construct ``identifier"string literal"`` (without whitespace between the
+identifier and the opening quotation mark) is a
+`generalized raw string literal`:idx:. It is a shortcut for the construct
+``identifier(r"string literal")``, so it denotes a procedure call with a
+raw string literal as its only argument. Generalized raw string literals
+are especially convenient for embedding mini languages directly into Nimrod
+(for example regular expressions).
+
+The construct ``identifier"""string literal"""`` exists too. It is a shortcut
+for ``identifier("""string literal""")``.
+
+
+Character literals
 ------------------
 
 Character literals are enclosed in single quotes ``''`` and can contain the
@@ -501,7 +529,7 @@ designed for this.
 Another reason is that Nimrod can support ``array[char, int]`` or
 ``set[char]`` efficiently as many algorithms rely on this feature. The
 `TRune` type is used for Unicode characters, it can represent any Unicode
-character. ``TRune`` is declared the ``unicode`` module.
+character. ``TRune`` is declared in the ``unicode`` module.
 
 
 
@@ -548,7 +576,7 @@ Subrange types
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 A `subrange`:idx: type is a range of values from an ordinal type (the base
 type). To define a subrange type, one must specify it's limiting values: the
-highest and lowest value of the type:
+lowest and highest value of the type:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
   type
@@ -764,7 +792,7 @@ basetype can only be an ordinal type. The reason is that sets are implemented
 as high performance bit vectors.
 
 Sets can be constructed via the set constructor: ``{}`` is the empty set. The
-empty set is type combatible with any special set type. The constructor
+empty set is type compatible with any special set type. The constructor
 can also be used to include elements (and ranges of elements) in the set:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
@@ -903,9 +931,8 @@ each other:
 
 `closure`:idx:
     indicates that the procedure expects a context, a closure that needs
-    to be passed to the procedure. The implementation is the
-    same as ``cdecl``, but with a hidden pointer parameter (the
-    *closure*). The hidden parameter is always the last one.
+    to be passed to the procedure. The calling convention ``nimcall`` is
+    compatible to ``closure``. 
 
 `syscall`:idx:
     The syscall convention is the same as ``__syscall`` in C. It is used for
@@ -915,11 +942,108 @@ each other:
     The generated C code will not have any explicit calling convention and thus
     use the C compiler's default calling convention. This is needed because
     Nimrod's default calling convention for procedures is ``fastcall`` to
-    improve speed. This is unlikely to be needed by the user.
+    improve speed.
 
 Most calling conventions exist only for the Windows 32-bit platform.
 
 
+Distinct type
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A distinct type is new type derived from a `base type`:idx: that is
+incompatible with its base type. In particular, it is an essential property
+of a distinct type that it **does not** imply a subtype relation between it
+and its base type. Explict type conversions from a distinct type to its
+base type and vice versa are allowed.
+
+A distinct type can be used to model different physical `units`:idx: with a
+numerical base type, for example. The following example models currencies.
+
+Different currencies should not be mixed in monetary calculations. Distinct
+types are a perfect tool to model different currencies: 
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  type
+    TDollar = distinct int
+    TEuro = distinct int
+  
+  var
+    d: TDollar
+    e: TEuro
+    
+  echo d + 12  
+  # Error: cannot add a number with no unit and a ``TDollar``
+
+Unfortunetaly, ``d + 12.TDollar`` is not allowed either, 
+because ``+`` is defined for ``int`` (among others), not for ``TDollar``. So
+a ``+`` for dollars needs to be defined: 
+
+.. code-block::
+  proc `+` (x, y: TDollar): TDollar = 
+    result = TDollar(int(x) + int(y))
+
+It does not make sense to multiply a dollar with a dollar, but with a
+number without unit; and the same holds for division:
+
+.. code-block:: 
+  proc `*` (x: TDollar, y: int): TDollar = 
+    result = TDollar(int(x) * y)
+
+  proc `*` (x: int, y: TDollar): TDollar = 
+    result = TDollar(x * int(y))
+    
+  proc `div` ...
+
+This quickly gets tedious. The implementations are trivial and the compiler 
+should not generate all this code only to optimize it away later - after all
+``+`` for dollars should produce the same binary code as ``+`` for ints. 
+The pragma ``borrow`` has been designed to solve this problem; in principle
+it generates the above trivial implementations:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  proc `*` (x: TDollar, y: int): TDollar {.borrow.}
+  proc `*` (x: int, y: TDollar): TDollar {.borrow.}
+  proc `div` (x: TDollar, y: int): TDollar {.borrow.}
+
+The ``borrow`` pragma makes the compiler use the same implementation as 
+the proc that deals with the distinct type's base type, so no code is
+generated.
+
+But it seems all this boilerplate code needs to be repeated for the ``TEuro``
+currency. This can be solved with templates_.
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  template Additive(typ: typeDesc): stmt =
+    proc `+` *(x, y: typ): typ {.borrow.}
+    proc `-` *(x, y: typ): typ {.borrow.}
+    
+    # unary operators:
+    proc `+` *(x: typ): typ {.borrow.}
+    proc `-` *(x: typ): typ {.borrow.}
+    
+  template Multiplicative(typ, base: typeDesc): stmt = 
+    proc `*` *(x: typ, y: base): typ {.borrow.}
+    proc `*` *(x: base, y: typ): typ {.borrow.}
+    proc `div` *(x: typ, y: base): typ {.borrow.}
+    proc `mod` *(x: typ, y: base): typ {.borrow.}
+    
+  template Comparable(typ: typeDesc): stmt = 
+    proc `<` * (x, y: typ): bool {.borrow.}
+    proc `<=` * (x, y: typ): bool {.borrow.}
+    proc `==` * (x, y: typ): bool {.borrow.}
+  
+  template DefineCurrency(typ, base: expr): stmt = 
+    type
+      typ* = distinct base
+    Additive(typ)
+    Multiplicative(typ, base)
+    Comparable(typ)
+    
+  DefineCurrency(TDollar, int)
+  DefineCurrency(TEuro, int)
+
+
+
 Type relations
 --------------
 
@@ -956,7 +1080,7 @@ algorithm determines type equality:
           for i in 0..a.tupleLen-1:
             if not typeEqualsAux(a[i], b[i], s): return false
           result = true
-      of object, enum, abstract:
+      of object, enum, distinct:
         result = a == b
       of proc:
         result = typeEqualsAux(a.parameterTuple, b.parameterTuple, s) and
@@ -973,7 +1097,7 @@ auxiliary set ``s`` to detect this case.
 
 Subtype relation
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-If object ``b`` inherits from ``a``, ``b`` is a subtype of ``a``. This subtype
+If object ``a`` inherits from ``b``, ``a`` is a subtype of ``b``. This subtype
 relation is extended to the types ``var``, ``ref``, ``ptr``:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
@@ -987,28 +1111,71 @@ relation is extended to the types ``var``, ``ref``, ``ptr``:
       of var, ref, ptr:
         result = isSubtype(a.baseType, b.baseType)
 
-XXX nil is a special value!
+.. XXX nil is a special value!
 
 
 Convertible relation
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-A type ``a`` is convertible to type ``b`` iff the following algorithm returns
-true:
+A type ``a`` is **implicitely** convertible to type ``b`` iff the following
+algorithm returns true:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
-  proc isConvertible(a, b: PType): bool =
-    if a.kind == b.kind:
-      case a.kind
-      of proc:
+  # XXX range types?
+  proc isImplicitelyConvertible(a, b: PType): bool =
+    case a.kind
+    of proc:
+      if b.kind == proc:
         var x = a.parameterTuple
         var y = b.parameterTuple
         if x.tupleLen == y.tupleLen:
           for i in 0.. x.tupleLen-1:
             if not isSubtype(x[i], y[i]): return false
           result = isSubType(b.resultType, a.resultType)
+    of int8:    result = b.kind in {int16, int32, int64, int}
+    of int16:   result = b.kind in {int32, int64, int}
+    of int32:   result = b.kind in {int64, int}
+    of float:   result = b.kind in {float32, float64}
+    of float32: result = b.kind in {float64, float}
+    of float64: result = b.kind in {float32, float}
+    of seq:
+      result = b.kind == openArray and typeEquals(a.baseType, b.baseType)
+    of array:
+      result = b.kind == openArray and typeEquals(a.baseType, b.baseType)
+      if a.baseType == char and a.indexType.rangeA == 0:
+        result = b.kind = cstring
+    of cstring, ptr:
+      result = b.kind == pointer
+    of string:
+      result = b.kind == cstring
+    
+A type ``a`` is **explicitely** convertible to type ``b`` iff the following
+algorithm returns true:
+ 
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  proc isIntegralType(t: PType): bool =
+    result = isOrdinal(t) or t.kind in {float, float32, float64}
+
+  proc isExplicitelyConvertible(a, b: PType): bool =
+    if isImplicitelyConvertible(a, b): return true
+    if isIntegralType(a) and isIntegralType(b): return true
+    if isSubtype(a, b) or isSubtype(b, a): return true
+    if a.kind == distinct and typeEquals(a.baseType, b): return true
+    if b.kind == distinct and typeEquals(b.baseType, a): return true
+    return false
+    
+
+Assignment compability
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
+An expression ``b`` can be assigned to an expression ``a`` iff ``a`` is an
+`l-value` and ``isImplicitelyConvertible(b.typ, a.typ)`` holds.
 
 
+Overloading resolution
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To be written.
+
 
 Statements and expressions
 --------------------------
@@ -1095,7 +1262,7 @@ Type                            default value
 ============================    ==============================================
 any integer type                0
 any float                       0.0
-char                            '\0'
+char                            '\\0'
 bool                            false
 ref or pointer type             nil
 procedural type                 nil
@@ -1192,8 +1359,8 @@ a static error is given. This holds only for expressions of ordinal types.
 If the expression is not of an ordinal type, and no ``else`` part is
 given, control just passes after the ``case`` statement.
 
-To suppress the static error in the ordinal case the programmer needs
-to write an ``else`` part with a ``nil`` statement.
+To suppress the static error in the ordinal case an ``else`` part with a ``nil``
+statement can be used.
 
 
 When statement
@@ -1271,7 +1438,7 @@ Example:
   # and tries to add them
   var
     f: TFile
-  if openFile(f, "numbers.txt"):
+  if open(f, "numbers.txt"):
     try:
       var a = readLine(f)
       var b = readLine(f)
@@ -1285,7 +1452,7 @@ Example:
     except:
       echo("Unknown exception!")
     finally:
-      closeFile(f)
+      close(f)
 
 The statements after the `try`:idx: are executed in sequential order unless
 an exception ``e`` is raised. If the exception type of ``e`` matches any
@@ -1417,7 +1584,7 @@ Example:
 
 The `while`:idx: statement is executed until the ``expr`` evaluates to false.
 Endless loops are no error. ``while`` statements open an `implicit block`,
-so that they can be leaved with a ``break`` statement.
+so that they can be left with a ``break`` statement.
 
 
 Continue statement
@@ -1562,8 +1729,9 @@ type `var`).
     return intToStr(x)
 
 Operators with one parameter are prefix operators, operators with two
-parameters are infix operators. There is no way to declare postfix
-operators: All postfix operators are built-in and handled by the
+parameters are infix operators. (However, the parser distinguishes these from
+the operators position within an expression.) There is no way to declare
+postfix operators: All postfix operators are built-in and handled by the
 grammar explicitely.
 
 Any operator can be called like an ordinary proc with the '`opr`'
@@ -1622,18 +1790,13 @@ return values. This can be done in a cleaner way by returning a tuple:
   assert t.res == 1
   assert t.remainder = 3
 
-Even more elegant is to use `tuple unpacking` to access the tuple's fields:
+Even more elegant is to use `tuple unpacking`:idx: to access the tuple's fields:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
   var (x, y) = divmod(8, 5) # tuple unpacking
   assert x == 1
   assert y == 3
 
-Unfortunately, this form of tuple unpacking is not yet implemented.
-
-..
-  XXX remove this as soon as tuple unpacking is implemented
-
 
 
 Iterators and the for statement
@@ -1655,7 +1818,7 @@ Syntax::
 The `for`:idx: statement is an abstract mechanism to iterate over the elements
 of a container. It relies on an `iterator`:idx: to do so. Like ``while``
 statements, ``for`` statements open an `implicit block`:idx:, so that they
-can be leaved with a ``break`` statement. The ``for`` loop declares
+can be left with a ``break`` statement. The ``for`` loop declares
 iteration variables (``x`` in the example) - their scope reaches until the
 end of the loop body. The iteration variables' types are inferred by the
 return type of the iterator.
@@ -1737,8 +1900,6 @@ possible within a single ``type`` section.
 Generics
 ~~~~~~~~
 
-`Version 0.7.10: Generic types like in the example do not work.`:red:
-
 Example:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
@@ -1778,11 +1939,9 @@ Example:
     # inorder traversal of a binary tree
     # recursive iterators are not yet implemented, so this does not work in
     # the current compiler!
-    if root.le != nil:
-      yield inorder(root.le)
+    if root.le != nil: yield inorder(root.le)
     yield root.data
-    if root.ri != nil:
-      yield inorder(root.ri)
+    if root.ri != nil: yield inorder(root.ri)
 
   var
     root: PBinaryTree[string] # instantiate a PBinaryTree with the type string
@@ -1799,12 +1958,11 @@ introduce type parameters or to instantiate a generic proc, iterator or type.
 Templates
 ~~~~~~~~~
 
-A `template`:idx: is a simple form of a macro. It operates on parse trees and is
-processed in the semantic pass of the compiler. So they integrate well with the
-rest of the language and share none of C's preprocessor macros flaws. However,
-they may lead to code that is harder to understand and maintain. So one ought
-to use them sparingly. The usage of ordinary procs, iterators or generics is
-preferred to the usage of templates.
+A `template`:idx: is a simple form of a macro: It is a simple substitution
+mechanism that operates on Nimrod's abstract syntax trees. It is processed in
+the semantic pass of the compiler.
+
+The syntax to *invoke* a template is the same as calling a procedure.
 
 Example:
 
@@ -1815,20 +1973,86 @@ Example:
 
   assert(5 != 6) # the compiler rewrites that to: assert(not (5 == 6))
 
+The ``!=``, ``>``, ``>=``, ``in``, ``notin``, ``isnot`` operators are in fact 
+templates:
+
+| ``a > b`` is transformed into ``b < a``.
+| ``a in b`` is transformed into ``contains(b, a)``. 
+| ``notin`` and ``isnot`` have the obvious meanings.
+
+The "types" of templates can be the symbols ``expr`` (stands for *expression*), 
+``stmt`` (stands for *statement*) or ``typedesc`` (stands for *type 
+description*). These are no real types, they just help the compiler parsing.
+Real types can be used too; this implies that expressions are expected.
+However, for parameter type checking the arguments are semantically checked
+before being passed to the template. Other arguments are not semantically
+checked before being passed to the template.
+
+The template body does not open a new scope. To open a new scope a ``block``
+statement can be used:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+  template declareInScope(x: expr, t: typeDesc): stmt = 
+    var x: t
+    
+  template declareInNewScope(x: expr, t: typeDesc): stmt = 
+    # open a new scope:
+    block: 
+      var x: t
+
+  declareInScope(a, int)
+  a = 42  # works, `a` is known here
+  
+  declareInNewScope(b, int)
+  b = 42  # does not work, `b` is unknown
+
+
+If there is a ``stmt`` parameter it should be the last in the template
+declaration, because statements are passed to a template via a
+special ``:`` syntax:
+
+.. code-block:: nimrod
+
+  template withFile(f, fn, mode: expr, actions: stmt): stmt =
+    block:
+      var f: TFile
+      if open(f, fn, mode):
+        try:
+          actions
+        finally:
+          close(f)
+      else:
+        quit("cannot open: " & fn)
+      
+  withFile(txt, "ttempl3.txt", fmWrite):
+    txt.writeln("line 1")
+    txt.writeln("line 2")
+  
+In the example the two ``writeln`` statements are bound to the ``actions``
+parameter. 
+
+
+**Style note**: For code readability, it is the best idea to use the least
+powerful programming construct that still suffices. So the "check list" is:
+
+(1) Use an ordinary proc/iterator, if possible.
+(2) Else: Use a generic proc/iterator, if possible.
+(3) Else: Use a template, if possible.
+(4) Else: Use a macro.
+
 
 Macros
 ------
 
 `Macros`:idx: are the most powerful feature of Nimrod. They can be used
-to implement `domain specific languages`:idx:. But they may lead to code
-that is harder to understand and maintain. So one ought to use them sparingly.
+to implement `domain specific languages`:idx:.
 
 While macros enable advanced compile-time code tranformations, they
 cannot change Nimrod's syntax. However, this is no real restriction because
 Nimrod's syntax is flexible enough anyway.
 
 To write macros, one needs to know how the Nimrod concrete syntax is converted
-to an abstract syntax tree. (Unfortunately the AST is not yet documented.)
+to an abstract syntax tree.
 
 There are two ways to invoke a macro:
 (1) invoking a macro like a procedure call (`expression macros`)
@@ -1847,7 +2071,7 @@ variable number of arguments:
   import macros
 
   macro debug(n: expr): stmt =
-    # `n` is a Nimrod AST that contains the whole macro expression
+    # `n` is a Nimrod AST that contains the whole macro invokation
     # this macro returns a list of statements:
     result = newNimNode(nnkStmtList, n)
     # iterate over any argument that is passed to this macro:
@@ -1948,6 +2172,7 @@ This is best illustrated by an example:
   main()
 
 
+.. code-block:: nimrod
   # Module B
   import A  # A is not parsed here! Only the already known symbols
             # of A are imported.
@@ -1981,7 +2206,7 @@ Tuple or object scope
 The field identifiers inside a tuple or object definition are valid in the
 following places:
 
-* To the end of the tuple/object definition
+* To the end of the tuple/object definition.
 * Field designators of a variable of the given tuple/object type.
 * In all descendent types of the object type.
 
@@ -2000,9 +2225,11 @@ iterator in which case the overloading resolution takes place:
   # Module A
   var x*: string
 
+.. code-block:: nimrod
   # Module B
   var x*: int
 
+.. code-block:: nimrod
   # Module C
   import A, B
   write(stdout, x) # error: x is ambiguous
@@ -2035,26 +2262,22 @@ processed on the fly during semantic checking. Pragmas are enclosed in the
 special ``{.`` and ``.}`` curly brackets.
 
 
-define pragma
--------------
-The `define`:idx: pragma defines a conditional symbol. This symbol may only be
-used in other pragmas and in the ``defined`` expression and not in ordinary
-Nimrod source code. The conditional symbols go into a special symbol table.
-The compiler defines the target processor and the target operating
-system as conditional symbols.
-
-Warning: The ``define`` pragma is deprecated as it conflicts with separate
-compilation! One should use boolean constants as a replacement - this is
-cleaner anyway.
-
+noSideEffect pragma
+-------------------
+The `noSideEffect`:idx: pragma is used to mark a proc/iterator to have no side
+effects. This means that the proc/iterator only changes locations that are
+reachable from its parameters and the return value only depends on the
+arguments. If none of its parameters have the type ``var T``
+or ``ref T`` or ``ptr T`` this means no locations are modified. It is a static
+error to mark a proc/iterator to have no side effect if the compiler cannot
+verify this.
 
-undef pragma
-------------
-The `undef`:idx: pragma the counterpart to the define pragma. It undefines a
-conditional symbol.
 
-Warning: The ``undef`` pragma is deprecated as it conflicts with separate
-compilation!
+compileTime pragma
+------------------
+The `compileTime`:idx: pragma is used to mark a proc to be used at compile
+time only. No code will be generated for it. Compile time procs are useful
+as helpers for macros.
 
 
 error pragma
diff --git a/doc/mytest.cfg b/doc/mytest.cfg
index be1118c46..be1118c46 100644..100755
--- a/doc/mytest.cfg
+++ b/doc/mytest.cfg
diff --git a/doc/nimdoc.css b/doc/nimdoc.css
index 6154f0b2e..6154f0b2e 100644..100755
--- a/doc/nimdoc.css
+++ b/doc/nimdoc.css
diff --git a/doc/nimrodc.txt b/doc/nimrodc.txt
index f4949ada2..9e59ab9a4 100644..100755
--- a/doc/nimrodc.txt
+++ b/doc/nimrodc.txt
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ non-optional argument has to be the name of the dynamic library:
   proc gtk_image_new(): PGtkWidget {.cdecl, dynlib: "libgtk-x11-2.0.so", importc.}
 
 In general, importing a dynamic library does not require any special linker
-options or linking with import libraries. This also
-implies that no *devel* packages need to be installed.
+options or linking with import libraries. This also implies that no *devel*
+packages need to be installed.
 
 
 No_decl Pragma
@@ -279,9 +279,7 @@ However, sometimes one has to optimize. Do it in the following order:
 4. try to find a better algorithm
 5. do low-level optimizations
 
-This section can only help you with the last item. Note that rewriting parts
-of your program in C is *never* necessary to speed up your program, because
-everything that can be done in C can be done in Nimrod.
+This section can only help you with the last item. 
 
 
 Optimizing string handling
@@ -308,31 +306,32 @@ if several different string constants are used. This is likely to be more
 efficient than any hand-coded scheme.
 
 
-The ECMAScript code generator
-=============================
-
-Note: As of version 0.7.0 the ECMAScript code generator is not maintained any
-longer. Help if you are interested.
-
-Note: I use the term `ECMAScript`:idx: here instead of `JavaScript`:idx:, since
-it is the proper term.
-
-The ECMAScript code generator is experimental!
-
-Nimrod targets ECMAScript 1.5 which is supported by any widely used browser.
-Since ECMAScript does not have a portable means to include another module,
-Nimrod just generates a long ``.js`` file.
-
-Features or modules that the ECMAScript platform does not support are not
-available. This includes:
-
-* manual memory management (``alloc``, etc.)
-* casting and other unsafe operations (``cast`` operator, ``zeroMem``, etc.)
-* file management (``openfile``, etc.)
-* most modules of the Standard library
-* proper 64 bit integer arithmetic
-* proper unsigned integer arithmetic
-
-However, the modules `strutils`:idx:, `math`:idx:, and `times`:idx: are
-available! To access the DOM, use the `dom`:idx: module that is only available
-for the ECMAScript platform.
+..
+  The ECMAScript code generator
+  =============================
+  
+  Note: As of version 0.7.0 the ECMAScript code generator is not maintained any
+  longer. Help if you are interested.
+  
+  Note: I use the term `ECMAScript`:idx: here instead of `JavaScript`:idx:,
+  since it is the proper term.
+  
+  The ECMAScript code generator is experimental!
+  
+  Nimrod targets ECMAScript 1.5 which is supported by any widely used browser.
+  Since ECMAScript does not have a portable means to include another module,
+  Nimrod just generates a long ``.js`` file.
+  
+  Features or modules that the ECMAScript platform does not support are not
+  available. This includes:
+  
+  * manual memory management (``alloc``, etc.)
+  * casting and other unsafe operations (``cast`` operator, ``zeroMem``, etc.)
+  * file management
+  * most modules of the Standard library
+  * proper 64 bit integer arithmetic
+  * proper unsigned integer arithmetic
+  
+  However, the modules `strutils`:idx:, `math`:idx:, and `times`:idx: are
+  available! To access the DOM, use the `dom`:idx: module that is only
+  available for the ECMAScript platform.
diff --git a/doc/overview.txt b/doc/overview.txt
index 242039086..242039086 100644..100755
--- a/doc/overview.txt
+++ b/doc/overview.txt
diff --git a/doc/readme.txt b/doc/readme.txt
index 7f509bd39..7f509bd39 100644..100755
--- a/doc/readme.txt
+++ b/doc/readme.txt
diff --git a/doc/regexprs.txt b/doc/regexprs.txt
index 930352948..930352948 100644..100755
--- a/doc/regexprs.txt
+++ b/doc/regexprs.txt
diff --git a/doc/rst.txt b/doc/rst.txt
index 79d0eb9c4..79d0eb9c4 100644..100755
--- a/doc/rst.txt
+++ b/doc/rst.txt
diff --git a/doc/steps.txt b/doc/steps.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 89339377b..000000000
--- a/doc/steps.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-==============================
-First steps after installation
-==============================
-
-This document explains how to *use* the Nimrod compiler.
-Open your favourite text editor and type (or download it
-`here <download/code/hallo.nim>`_):
-
-.. code-block:: nimrod
-   :file: ../tests/hallo.nim
-
-Save this file as ``hallo.nim`` somewhere (I refer to the location as
-``$yourloc``). Now open a console and call the Nimrod compiler::
-
-  nimrod compile --run $yourloc/hallo
-
-The ``--run`` switch tells Nimrod that it should run the generated
-executable after successful compilation. If things don't work,
-check if Nimrod's ``bin`` directory is in your path environment
-variable. On Windows the directory ``dist\llvm-gcc4.2\bin`` may
-also be required in your path.
-
-Note that Nimrod produced a standalone native executable in
-``$yourloc`` that you can run without the Nimrod compiler.
diff --git a/doc/theindex.txt b/doc/theindex.txt
index 81bcf9c67..dee6ecd8c 100644..100755
--- a/doc/theindex.txt
+++ b/doc/theindex.txt
@@ -7,23 +7,23 @@ Index
 
 
    `!`:idx:
-     `macros.html#115 <macros.html#115>`_
+     `macros.html#113 <macros.html#113>`_
 
    `!=`:idx:
-     `system.html#355 <system.html#355>`_
+     `system.html#346 <system.html#346>`_
 
    `$`:idx:
-     * `system.html#426 <system.html#426>`_
-     * `system.html#427 <system.html#427>`_
-     * `system.html#428 <system.html#428>`_
-     * `system.html#429 <system.html#429>`_
-     * `system.html#430 <system.html#430>`_
-     * `system.html#431 <system.html#431>`_
-     * `system.html#432 <system.html#432>`_
-     * `system.html#433 <system.html#433>`_
+     * `system.html#417 <system.html#417>`_
+     * `system.html#418 <system.html#418>`_
+     * `system.html#419 <system.html#419>`_
+     * `system.html#420 <system.html#420>`_
+     * `system.html#421 <system.html#421>`_
+     * `system.html#422 <system.html#422>`_
+     * `system.html#423 <system.html#423>`_
+     * `system.html#424 <system.html#424>`_
      * `times.html#109 <times.html#109>`_
      * `times.html#110 <times.html#110>`_
-     * `macros.html#116 <macros.html#116>`_
+     * `macros.html#114 <macros.html#114>`_
 
    `%`:idx:
      * `strutils.html#111 <strutils.html#111>`_
@@ -31,162 +31,136 @@ Index
      * `strtabs.html#112 <strtabs.html#112>`_
 
    `%%`:idx:
-     * `system.html#300 <system.html#300>`_
-     * `system.html#301 <system.html#301>`_
-     * `system.html#302 <system.html#302>`_
-     * `system.html#303 <system.html#303>`_
-     * `system.html#304 <system.html#304>`_
+     * `system.html#291 <system.html#291>`_
+     * `system.html#292 <system.html#292>`_
+     * `system.html#293 <system.html#293>`_
+     * `system.html#294 <system.html#294>`_
+     * `system.html#295 <system.html#295>`_
 
    `&`:idx:
-     * `system.html#366 <system.html#366>`_
-     * `system.html#367 <system.html#367>`_
-     * `system.html#368 <system.html#368>`_
-     * `system.html#369 <system.html#369>`_
-     * `system.html#457 <system.html#457>`_
-     * `system.html#458 <system.html#458>`_
-     * `system.html#459 <system.html#459>`_
+     * `system.html#357 <system.html#357>`_
+     * `system.html#358 <system.html#358>`_
+     * `system.html#359 <system.html#359>`_
+     * `system.html#360 <system.html#360>`_
      * `system.html#460 <system.html#460>`_
+     * `system.html#461 <system.html#461>`_
+     * `system.html#462 <system.html#462>`_
+     * `system.html#463 <system.html#463>`_
 
    `*`:idx:
-     * `system.html#208 <system.html#208>`_
-     * `system.html#209 <system.html#209>`_
-     * `system.html#210 <system.html#210>`_
      * `system.html#211 <system.html#211>`_
      * `system.html#212 <system.html#212>`_
-     * `system.html#319 <system.html#319>`_
-     * `system.html#327 <system.html#327>`_
+     * `system.html#213 <system.html#213>`_
+     * `system.html#214 <system.html#214>`_
+     * `system.html#215 <system.html#215>`_
+     * `system.html#310 <system.html#310>`_
+     * `system.html#318 <system.html#318>`_
      * `complex.html#107 <complex.html#107>`_
 
    `*%`:idx:
-     * `system.html#290 <system.html#290>`_
-     * `system.html#291 <system.html#291>`_
-     * `system.html#292 <system.html#292>`_
-     * `system.html#293 <system.html#293>`_
-     * `system.html#294 <system.html#294>`_
+     * `system.html#281 <system.html#281>`_
+     * `system.html#282 <system.html#282>`_
+     * `system.html#283 <system.html#283>`_
+     * `system.html#284 <system.html#284>`_
+     * `system.html#285 <system.html#285>`_
 
    `+`:idx:
-     * `system.html#183 <system.html#183>`_
-     * `system.html#184 <system.html#184>`_
-     * `system.html#185 <system.html#185>`_
      * `system.html#186 <system.html#186>`_
      * `system.html#187 <system.html#187>`_
-     * `system.html#198 <system.html#198>`_
-     * `system.html#199 <system.html#199>`_
-     * `system.html#200 <system.html#200>`_
+     * `system.html#188 <system.html#188>`_
+     * `system.html#189 <system.html#189>`_
+     * `system.html#190 <system.html#190>`_
      * `system.html#201 <system.html#201>`_
      * `system.html#202 <system.html#202>`_
-     * `system.html#315 <system.html#315>`_
-     * `system.html#317 <system.html#317>`_
-     * `system.html#328 <system.html#328>`_
+     * `system.html#203 <system.html#203>`_
+     * `system.html#204 <system.html#204>`_
+     * `system.html#205 <system.html#205>`_
+     * `system.html#306 <system.html#306>`_
+     * `system.html#308 <system.html#308>`_
+     * `system.html#319 <system.html#319>`_
      * `complex.html#103 <complex.html#103>`_
 
    `+%`:idx:
-     * `system.html#280 <system.html#280>`_
-     * `system.html#281 <system.html#281>`_
-     * `system.html#282 <system.html#282>`_
-     * `system.html#283 <system.html#283>`_
-     * `system.html#284 <system.html#284>`_
+     * `system.html#271 <system.html#271>`_
+     * `system.html#272 <system.html#272>`_
+     * `system.html#273 <system.html#273>`_
+     * `system.html#274 <system.html#274>`_
+     * `system.html#275 <system.html#275>`_
 
    `-`:idx:
-     * `system.html#188 <system.html#188>`_
-     * `system.html#189 <system.html#189>`_
-     * `system.html#190 <system.html#190>`_
      * `system.html#191 <system.html#191>`_
      * `system.html#192 <system.html#192>`_
-     * `system.html#203 <system.html#203>`_
-     * `system.html#204 <system.html#204>`_
-     * `system.html#205 <system.html#205>`_
+     * `system.html#193 <system.html#193>`_
+     * `system.html#194 <system.html#194>`_
+     * `system.html#195 <system.html#195>`_
      * `system.html#206 <system.html#206>`_
      * `system.html#207 <system.html#207>`_
-     * `system.html#316 <system.html#316>`_
-     * `system.html#318 <system.html#318>`_
-     * `system.html#329 <system.html#329>`_
+     * `system.html#208 <system.html#208>`_
+     * `system.html#209 <system.html#209>`_
+     * `system.html#210 <system.html#210>`_
+     * `system.html#307 <system.html#307>`_
+     * `system.html#309 <system.html#309>`_
+     * `system.html#320 <system.html#320>`_
      * `complex.html#104 <complex.html#104>`_
      * `complex.html#105 <complex.html#105>`_
      * `times.html#113 <times.html#113>`_
 
    `-%`:idx:
-     * `system.html#285 <system.html#285>`_
-     * `system.html#286 <system.html#286>`_
-     * `system.html#287 <system.html#287>`_
-     * `system.html#288 <system.html#288>`_
-     * `system.html#289 <system.html#289>`_
+     * `system.html#276 <system.html#276>`_
+     * `system.html#277 <system.html#277>`_
+     * `system.html#278 <system.html#278>`_
+     * `system.html#279 <system.html#279>`_
+     * `system.html#280 <system.html#280>`_
 
    `-+-`:idx:
-     `system.html#330 <system.html#330>`_
+     `system.html#321 <system.html#321>`_
 
    `/`:idx:
-     * `system.html#320 <system.html#320>`_
+     * `system.html#311 <system.html#311>`_
      * `os.html#124 <os.html#124>`_
      * `complex.html#106 <complex.html#106>`_
 
    `/%`:idx:
-     * `system.html#295 <system.html#295>`_
-     * `system.html#296 <system.html#296>`_
-     * `system.html#297 <system.html#297>`_
-     * `system.html#298 <system.html#298>`_
-     * `system.html#299 <system.html#299>`_
+     * `system.html#286 <system.html#286>`_
+     * `system.html#287 <system.html#287>`_
+     * `system.html#288 <system.html#288>`_
+     * `system.html#289 <system.html#289>`_
+     * `system.html#290 <system.html#290>`_
 
    `/../`:idx:
      `os.html#127 <os.html#127>`_
 
    `<`:idx:
-     * `system.html#258 <system.html#258>`_
-     * `system.html#259 <system.html#259>`_
-     * `system.html#260 <system.html#260>`_
      * `system.html#261 <system.html#261>`_
      * `system.html#262 <system.html#262>`_
-     * `system.html#323 <system.html#323>`_
-     * `system.html#347 <system.html#347>`_
-     * `system.html#348 <system.html#348>`_
-     * `system.html#349 <system.html#349>`_
-     * `system.html#350 <system.html#350>`_
-     * `system.html#351 <system.html#351>`_
-     * `system.html#352 <system.html#352>`_
-     * `system.html#353 <system.html#353>`_
-     * `system.html#354 <system.html#354>`_
-     * `times.html#114 <times.html#114>`_
-
-   `<%`:idx:
-     * `system.html#310 <system.html#310>`_
-     * `system.html#311 <system.html#311>`_
-     * `system.html#312 <system.html#312>`_
-     * `system.html#313 <system.html#313>`_
+     * `system.html#263 <system.html#263>`_
+     * `system.html#264 <system.html#264>`_
+     * `system.html#265 <system.html#265>`_
      * `system.html#314 <system.html#314>`_
-
-   `<=`:idx:
-     `times.html#115 <times.html#115>`_
-
-   `<=`:idx:
-     * `system.html#253 <system.html#253>`_
-     * `system.html#254 <system.html#254>`_
-     * `system.html#255 <system.html#255>`_
-     * `system.html#256 <system.html#256>`_
-     * `system.html#257 <system.html#257>`_
-     * `system.html#322 <system.html#322>`_
+     * `system.html#338 <system.html#338>`_
+     * `system.html#339 <system.html#339>`_
      * `system.html#340 <system.html#340>`_
      * `system.html#341 <system.html#341>`_
      * `system.html#342 <system.html#342>`_
      * `system.html#343 <system.html#343>`_
      * `system.html#344 <system.html#344>`_
      * `system.html#345 <system.html#345>`_
-     * `system.html#346 <system.html#346>`_
+     * `times.html#114 <times.html#114>`_
 
-   `<=%`:idx:
+   `<%`:idx:
+     * `system.html#301 <system.html#301>`_
+     * `system.html#302 <system.html#302>`_
+     * `system.html#303 <system.html#303>`_
+     * `system.html#304 <system.html#304>`_
      * `system.html#305 <system.html#305>`_
-     * `system.html#306 <system.html#306>`_
-     * `system.html#307 <system.html#307>`_
-     * `system.html#308 <system.html#308>`_
-     * `system.html#309 <system.html#309>`_
 
-   `==`:idx:
-     * `md5.html#107 <md5.html#107>`_
-     * `system.html#248 <system.html#248>`_
-     * `system.html#249 <system.html#249>`_
-     * `system.html#250 <system.html#250>`_
-     * `system.html#251 <system.html#251>`_
-     * `system.html#252 <system.html#252>`_
-     * `system.html#321 <system.html#321>`_
+   `<=`:idx:
+     * `system.html#256 <system.html#256>`_
+     * `system.html#257 <system.html#257>`_
+     * `system.html#258 <system.html#258>`_
+     * `system.html#259 <system.html#259>`_
+     * `system.html#260 <system.html#260>`_
+     * `system.html#313 <system.html#313>`_
      * `system.html#331 <system.html#331>`_
      * `system.html#332 <system.html#332>`_
      * `system.html#333 <system.html#333>`_
@@ -194,32 +168,58 @@ Index
      * `system.html#335 <system.html#335>`_
      * `system.html#336 <system.html#336>`_
      * `system.html#337 <system.html#337>`_
-     * `system.html#338 <system.html#338>`_
-     * `system.html#339 <system.html#339>`_
-     * `system.html#462 <system.html#462>`_
+
+   `<=`:idx:
+     `times.html#115 <times.html#115>`_
+
+   `<=%`:idx:
+     * `system.html#296 <system.html#296>`_
+     * `system.html#297 <system.html#297>`_
+     * `system.html#298 <system.html#298>`_
+     * `system.html#299 <system.html#299>`_
+     * `system.html#300 <system.html#300>`_
+
+   `==`:idx:
+     * `md5.html#107 <md5.html#107>`_
+     * `system.html#251 <system.html#251>`_
+     * `system.html#252 <system.html#252>`_
+     * `system.html#253 <system.html#253>`_
+     * `system.html#254 <system.html#254>`_
+     * `system.html#255 <system.html#255>`_
+     * `system.html#312 <system.html#312>`_
+     * `system.html#322 <system.html#322>`_
+     * `system.html#323 <system.html#323>`_
+     * `system.html#324 <system.html#324>`_
+     * `system.html#325 <system.html#325>`_
+     * `system.html#326 <system.html#326>`_
+     * `system.html#327 <system.html#327>`_
+     * `system.html#328 <system.html#328>`_
+     * `system.html#329 <system.html#329>`_
+     * `system.html#330 <system.html#330>`_
+     * `system.html#464 <system.html#464>`_
      * `complex.html#102 <complex.html#102>`_
-     * `macros.html#117 <macros.html#117>`_
+     * `macros.html#115 <macros.html#115>`_
 
    `=~`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#108 <regexprs.html#108>`_
+     `regexprs.html#110 <regexprs.html#110>`_
 
    `>`:idx:
-     `system.html#357 <system.html#357>`_
+     `system.html#348 <system.html#348>`_
 
    `>%`:idx:
-     `system.html#425 <system.html#425>`_
+     `system.html#416 <system.html#416>`_
 
    `>=`:idx:
-     `system.html#356 <system.html#356>`_
+     `system.html#347 <system.html#347>`_
 
    `>=%`:idx:
-     `system.html#424 <system.html#424>`_
+     `system.html#415 <system.html#415>`_
 
    `@`:idx:
-     `system.html#365 <system.html#365>`_
+     `system.html#356 <system.html#356>`_
 
    `[]`:idx:
-     `macros.html#113 <macros.html#113>`_
+     `macros.html#111 <macros.html#111>`_
 
    `[]`:idx:
      `strtabs.html#107 <strtabs.html#107>`_
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ Index
      `strtabs.html#106 <strtabs.html#106>`_
 
    `[]=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#114 <macros.html#114>`_
+     `macros.html#112 <macros.html#112>`_
 
    `[ESC]`:idx:
      `manual.html#134 <manual.html#134>`_
@@ -237,12 +237,12 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#107 <xmlgen.html#107>`_
 
    `abs`:idx:
-     * `system.html#263 <system.html#263>`_
-     * `system.html#264 <system.html#264>`_
-     * `system.html#265 <system.html#265>`_
      * `system.html#266 <system.html#266>`_
      * `system.html#267 <system.html#267>`_
-     * `system.html#324 <system.html#324>`_
+     * `system.html#268 <system.html#268>`_
+     * `system.html#269 <system.html#269>`_
+     * `system.html#270 <system.html#270>`_
+     * `system.html#315 <system.html#315>`_
      * `complex.html#108 <complex.html#108>`_
 
    `acronym`:idx:
@@ -252,13 +252,13 @@ Index
      `nimrodc.html#113 <nimrodc.html#113>`_
 
    `add`:idx:
-     * `system.html#370 <system.html#370>`_
-     * `system.html#371 <system.html#371>`_
-     * `system.html#372 <system.html#372>`_
-     * `system.html#373 <system.html#373>`_
-     * `system.html#374 <system.html#374>`_
-     * `macros.html#119 <macros.html#119>`_
-     * `macros.html#120 <macros.html#120>`_
+     * `system.html#361 <system.html#361>`_
+     * `system.html#362 <system.html#362>`_
+     * `system.html#363 <system.html#363>`_
+     * `system.html#364 <system.html#364>`_
+     * `system.html#365 <system.html#365>`_
+     * `macros.html#117 <macros.html#117>`_
+     * `macros.html#118 <macros.html#118>`_
 
    `addf`:idx:
      `strutils.html#113 <strutils.html#113>`_
@@ -269,25 +269,25 @@ Index
      * `zipfiles.html#107 <zipfiles.html#107>`_
 
    `addQuitProc`:idx:
-     `system.html#408 <system.html#408>`_
+     `system.html#399 <system.html#399>`_
 
    `address`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#109 <xmlgen.html#109>`_
 
    `addSep`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#151 <strutils.html#151>`_
+     `strutils.html#154 <strutils.html#154>`_
 
    `alert`:idx:
      `manual.html#131 <manual.html#131>`_
 
    `allCharsInSet`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#152 <strutils.html#152>`_
+     `strutils.html#155 <strutils.html#155>`_
 
    `alloc`:idx:
-     `system.html#417 <system.html#417>`_
+     `system.html#408 <system.html#408>`_
 
    `alloc0`:idx:
-     `system.html#418 <system.html#418>`_
+     `system.html#409 <system.html#409>`_
 
    `ALLOC_MAX_BLOCK_TO_DROP`:idx:
      `mysql.html#317 <mysql.html#317>`_
@@ -299,12 +299,12 @@ Index
      `os.html#104 <os.html#104>`_
 
    `and`:idx:
-     * `system.html#117 <system.html#117>`_
-     * `system.html#233 <system.html#233>`_
-     * `system.html#234 <system.html#234>`_
-     * `system.html#235 <system.html#235>`_
+     * `system.html#120 <system.html#120>`_
      * `system.html#236 <system.html#236>`_
      * `system.html#237 <system.html#237>`_
+     * `system.html#238 <system.html#238>`_
+     * `system.html#239 <system.html#239>`_
+     * `system.html#240 <system.html#240>`_
 
    `apostrophe`:idx:
      `manual.html#129 <manual.html#129>`_
@@ -332,19 +332,19 @@ Index
 
    `array`:idx:
      * `tut1.html#117 <tut1.html#117>`_
-     * `system.html#125 <system.html#125>`_
+     * `system.html#128 <system.html#128>`_
 
    `array properties`:idx:
      `tut2.html#105 <tut2.html#105>`_
 
    `Arrays`:idx:
-     `manual.html#152 <manual.html#152>`_
+     `manual.html#153 <manual.html#153>`_
 
    `assembler`:idx:
-     `manual.html#196 <manual.html#196>`_
+     `manual.html#199 <manual.html#199>`_
 
    `assert`:idx:
-     `system.html#422 <system.html#422>`_
+     `system.html#413 <system.html#413>`_
 
    `AST`:idx:
      `macros.html#101 <macros.html#101>`_
@@ -359,14 +359,15 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#133 <mysql.html#133>`_
 
    `Automatic type conversion`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#144 <manual.html#144>`_
+     * `manual.html#145 <manual.html#145>`_
      * `tut1.html#111 <tut1.html#111>`_
 
    `b`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#111 <xmlgen.html#111>`_
 
    `backslash`:idx:
-     `manual.html#127 <manual.html#127>`_
+     * `manual.html#127 <manual.html#127>`_
+     * `regexprs.html#101 <regexprs.html#101>`_
 
    `backspace`:idx:
      `manual.html#132 <manual.html#132>`_
@@ -374,14 +375,17 @@ Index
    `base`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#112 <xmlgen.html#112>`_
 
+   `base type`:idx:
+     `manual.html#174 <manual.html#174>`_
+
    `big`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#113 <xmlgen.html#113>`_
 
    `BiggestFloat`:idx:
-     `system.html#378 <system.html#378>`_
+     `system.html#369 <system.html#369>`_
 
    `BiggestInt`:idx:
-     `system.html#377 <system.html#377>`_
+     `system.html#368 <system.html#368>`_
 
    `BINARY_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#131 <mysql.html#131>`_
@@ -396,7 +400,7 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#128 <mysql.html#128>`_
 
    `block`:idx:
-     `manual.html#192 <manual.html#192>`_
+     `manual.html#195 <manual.html#195>`_
 
    `blockquote`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#114 <xmlgen.html#114>`_
@@ -408,14 +412,14 @@ Index
      `system.html#109 <system.html#109>`_
 
    `boolean`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#146 <manual.html#146>`_
+     * `manual.html#147 <manual.html#147>`_
      * `tut1.html#107 <tut1.html#107>`_
 
    `br`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#116 <xmlgen.html#116>`_
 
    `break`:idx:
-     `manual.html#193 <manual.html#193>`_
+     `manual.html#196 <manual.html#196>`_
 
    `breakpoint`:idx:
      `endb.html#103 <endb.html#103>`_
@@ -424,10 +428,10 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#117 <xmlgen.html#117>`_
 
    `Byte`:idx:
-     `system.html#129 <system.html#129>`_
+     `system.html#132 <system.html#132>`_
 
    `calling conventions`:idx:
-     `manual.html#163 <manual.html#163>`_
+     `manual.html#164 <manual.html#164>`_
 
    `capitalize`:idx:
      `strutils.html#119 <strutils.html#119>`_
@@ -436,25 +440,25 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#118 <xmlgen.html#118>`_
 
    `card`:idx:
-     `system.html#171 <system.html#171>`_
+     `system.html#174 <system.html#174>`_
 
    `carriage return`:idx:
      `manual.html#122 <manual.html#122>`_
 
    `case`:idx:
-     `manual.html#181 <manual.html#181>`_
+     `manual.html#184 <manual.html#184>`_
 
    `cchar`:idx:
-     `system.html#379 <system.html#379>`_
+     `system.html#370 <system.html#370>`_
 
    `cdecl`:idx:
-     `manual.html#165 <manual.html#165>`_
+     `manual.html#166 <manual.html#166>`_
 
    `cdouble`:idx:
-     `system.html#386 <system.html#386>`_
+     `system.html#377 <system.html#377>`_
 
    `cfloat`:idx:
-     `system.html#385 <system.html#385>`_
+     `system.html#376 <system.html#376>`_
 
    `cgiError`:idx:
      `cgi.html#106 <cgi.html#106>`_
@@ -466,7 +470,7 @@ Index
      `system.html#110 <system.html#110>`_
 
    `character type`:idx:
-     `manual.html#147 <manual.html#147>`_
+     `manual.html#148 <manual.html#148>`_
 
    `character with decimal value d`:idx:
      `manual.html#130 <manual.html#130>`_
@@ -496,10 +500,10 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#273 <mysql.html#273>`_
 
    `chr`:idx:
-     `system.html#173 <system.html#173>`_
+     `system.html#176 <system.html#176>`_
 
    `cint`:idx:
-     `system.html#382 <system.html#382>`_
+     `system.html#373 <system.html#373>`_
 
    `cite`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#119 <xmlgen.html#119>`_
@@ -574,13 +578,13 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#169 <mysql.html#169>`_
 
    `clong`:idx:
-     `system.html#383 <system.html#383>`_
+     `system.html#374 <system.html#374>`_
 
    `clongdouble`:idx:
-     `system.html#387 <system.html#387>`_
+     `system.html#378 <system.html#378>`_
 
    `clonglong`:idx:
-     `system.html#384 <system.html#384>`_
+     `system.html#375 <system.html#375>`_
 
    `close`:idx:
      * `lexbase.html#105 <lexbase.html#105>`_
@@ -589,21 +593,24 @@ Index
      * `parsecsv.html#109 <parsecsv.html#109>`_
      * `zipfiles.html#103 <zipfiles.html#103>`_
 
+   `Close`:idx:
+     `system.html#498 <system.html#498>`_
+
    `CloseFile`:idx:
-     `system.html#493 <system.html#493>`_
+     `system.html#497 <system.html#497>`_
 
    `closure`:idx:
-     `manual.html#170 <manual.html#170>`_
+     `manual.html#171 <manual.html#171>`_
 
    `cmp`:idx:
-     * `system.html#363 <system.html#363>`_
-     * `system.html#364 <system.html#364>`_
+     * `system.html#354 <system.html#354>`_
+     * `system.html#355 <system.html#355>`_
 
    `cmpIgnoreCase`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#137 <strutils.html#137>`_
+     `strutils.html#140 <strutils.html#140>`_
 
    `cmpIgnoreStyle`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#138 <strutils.html#138>`_
+     `strutils.html#141 <strutils.html#141>`_
 
    `cmpPaths`:idx:
      `os.html#136 <os.html#136>`_
@@ -638,48 +645,51 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#266 <mysql.html#266>`_
 
    `CompileDate`:idx:
-     `system.html#395 <system.html#395>`_
+     `system.html#386 <system.html#386>`_
 
    `CompileTime`:idx:
-     `system.html#396 <system.html#396>`_
+     `system.html#387 <system.html#387>`_
+
+   `compileTime`:idx:
+     `manual.html#227 <manual.html#227>`_
 
    `complex statements`:idx:
-     `manual.html#175 <manual.html#175>`_
+     `manual.html#178 <manual.html#178>`_
 
    `const`:idx:
-     `manual.html#179 <manual.html#179>`_
+     `manual.html#182 <manual.html#182>`_
 
    `constant expressions`:idx:
      `manual.html#108 <manual.html#108>`_
 
    `Constants`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#139 <manual.html#139>`_
+     * `manual.html#140 <manual.html#140>`_
      * `tut1.html#104 <tut1.html#104>`_
 
    `contains`:idx:
-     * `system.html#358 <system.html#358>`_
-     * `strutils.html#139 <strutils.html#139>`_
-     * `strutils.html#140 <strutils.html#140>`_
-     * `strutils.html#141 <strutils.html#141>`_
+     * `system.html#349 <system.html#349>`_
+     * `strutils.html#142 <strutils.html#142>`_
+     * `strutils.html#143 <strutils.html#143>`_
+     * `strutils.html#144 <strutils.html#144>`_
 
    `continue`:idx:
-     `manual.html#195 <manual.html#195>`_
+     `manual.html#198 <manual.html#198>`_
 
    `copy`:idx:
-     * `system.html#409 <system.html#409>`_
-     * `system.html#410 <system.html#410>`_
+     * `system.html#400 <system.html#400>`_
+     * `system.html#401 <system.html#401>`_
 
    `copyFile`:idx:
      `os.html#139 <os.html#139>`_
 
    `copyMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#414 <system.html#414>`_
+     `system.html#405 <system.html#405>`_
 
    `copyNimNode`:idx:
-     `macros.html#136 <macros.html#136>`_
+     `macros.html#134 <macros.html#134>`_
 
    `copyNimTree`:idx:
-     `macros.html#137 <macros.html#137>`_
+     `macros.html#135 <macros.html#135>`_
 
    `coreAttr`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#103 <xmlgen.html#103>`_
@@ -690,17 +700,17 @@ Index
    `cosh`:idx:
      `math.html#127 <math.html#127>`_
 
-   `countBits`:idx:
+   `countBits32`:idx:
      `math.html#109 <math.html#109>`_
 
    `countdown`:idx:
-     `system.html#443 <system.html#443>`_
+     `system.html#434 <system.html#434>`_
 
    `countup`:idx:
-     `system.html#444 <system.html#444>`_
+     `system.html#435 <system.html#435>`_
 
    `cpuEndian`:idx:
-     `system.html#401 <system.html#401>`_
+     `system.html#392 <system.html#392>`_
 
    `createDir`:idx:
      * `os.html#151 <os.html#151>`_
@@ -710,16 +720,16 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#269 <mysql.html#269>`_
 
    `cschar`:idx:
-     `system.html#380 <system.html#380>`_
+     `system.html#371 <system.html#371>`_
 
    `cshort`:idx:
-     `system.html#381 <system.html#381>`_
+     `system.html#372 <system.html#372>`_
 
    `cstring`:idx:
      `system.html#112 <system.html#112>`_
 
    `cstringArray`:idx:
-     `system.html#388 <system.html#388>`_
+     `system.html#379 <system.html#379>`_
 
    `CSV`:idx:
      `parsecsv.html#101 <parsecsv.html#101>`_
@@ -1091,10 +1101,10 @@ Index
      `terminal.html#104 <terminal.html#104>`_
 
    `dangling else problem`:idx:
-     `manual.html#176 <manual.html#176>`_
+     `manual.html#179 <manual.html#179>`_
 
    `dbgLineHook`:idx:
-     `system.html#439 <system.html#439>`_
+     `system.html#430 <system.html#430>`_
 
    `dd`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#123 <xmlgen.html#123>`_
@@ -1103,29 +1113,30 @@ Index
      `nimrodc.html#114 <nimrodc.html#114>`_
 
    `dealloc`:idx:
-     `system.html#420 <system.html#420>`_
+     `system.html#411 <system.html#411>`_
 
    `debugger`:idx:
      `nimrodc.html#110 <nimrodc.html#110>`_
 
    `dec`:idx:
-     `system.html#162 <system.html#162>`_
+     `system.html#165 <system.html#165>`_
 
    `decodeData`:idx:
      `cgi.html#107 <cgi.html#107>`_
 
-   `define`:idx:
-     `manual.html#222 <manual.html#222>`_
-
    `defined`:idx:
-     `system.html#115 <system.html#115>`_
+     `system.html#118 <system.html#118>`_
 
    `del`:idx:
      * `xmlgen.html#124 <xmlgen.html#124>`_
-     * `macros.html#121 <macros.html#121>`_
+     * `macros.html#119 <macros.html#119>`_
+
+   `delete`:idx:
+     `strutils.html#161 <strutils.html#161>`_
 
    `deleteStr`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#129 <strutils.html#129>`_
+     * `strutils.html#129 <strutils.html#129>`_
+     * `strutils.html#162 <strutils.html#162>`_
 
    `dfn`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#125 <xmlgen.html#125>`_
@@ -1137,25 +1148,21 @@ Index
      `os.html#103 <os.html#103>`_
 
    `discard`:idx:
-     `manual.html#177 <manual.html#177>`_
+     `manual.html#180 <manual.html#180>`_
 
    `div`:idx:
-     * `system.html#213 <system.html#213>`_
-     * `system.html#214 <system.html#214>`_
-     * `system.html#215 <system.html#215>`_
      * `system.html#216 <system.html#216>`_
      * `system.html#217 <system.html#217>`_
+     * `system.html#218 <system.html#218>`_
+     * `system.html#219 <system.html#219>`_
+     * `system.html#220 <system.html#220>`_
      * `xmlgen.html#126 <xmlgen.html#126>`_
 
    `dl`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#127 <xmlgen.html#127>`_
 
-   `dom`:idx:
-     `nimrodc.html#120 <nimrodc.html#120>`_
-
    `domain specific languages`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#211 <manual.html#211>`_
-     * `tut2.html#111 <tut2.html#111>`_
+     `manual.html#215 <manual.html#215>`_
 
    `dt`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#128 <xmlgen.html#128>`_
@@ -1173,67 +1180,64 @@ Index
      `math.html#102 <math.html#102>`_
 
    `EAccessViolation`:idx:
-     `system.html#145 <system.html#145>`_
+     `system.html#148 <system.html#148>`_
 
    `each`:idx:
-     `system.html#465 <system.html#465>`_
+     `system.html#467 <system.html#467>`_
 
    `EArithmetic`:idx:
-     `system.html#142 <system.html#142>`_
+     `system.html#145 <system.html#145>`_
 
    `EAssertionFailed`:idx:
-     `system.html#146 <system.html#146>`_
+     `system.html#149 <system.html#149>`_
 
    `EAsynch`:idx:
-     `system.html#135 <system.html#135>`_
+     `system.html#138 <system.html#138>`_
 
    `E_Base`:idx:
-     `system.html#134 <system.html#134>`_
+     `system.html#137 <system.html#137>`_
 
    `ECgi`:idx:
      `cgi.html#104 <cgi.html#104>`_
 
    `echo`:idx:
-     `system.html#480 <system.html#480>`_
-
-   `ECMAScript`:idx:
-     `nimrodc.html#115 <nimrodc.html#115>`_
+     `system.html#482 <system.html#482>`_
 
    `EControlC`:idx:
-     `system.html#147 <system.html#147>`_
+     `system.html#150 <system.html#150>`_
 
    `editDistance`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#159 <strutils.html#159>`_
+     `strutils.html#168 <strutils.html#168>`_
 
    `EDivByZero`:idx:
-     `system.html#143 <system.html#143>`_
+     `system.html#146 <system.html#146>`_
 
    `EInvalidCsv`:idx:
      `parsecsv.html#105 <parsecsv.html#105>`_
 
    `EInvalidField`:idx:
-     `system.html#151 <system.html#151>`_
+     `system.html#154 <system.html#154>`_
 
    `EInvalidIndex`:idx:
-     `system.html#150 <system.html#150>`_
+     `system.html#153 <system.html#153>`_
 
    `EInvalidLibrary`:idx:
-     `system.html#140 <system.html#140>`_
+     `system.html#143 <system.html#143>`_
 
    `EInvalidObjectAssignment`:idx:
-     `system.html#155 <system.html#155>`_
+     `system.html#158 <system.html#158>`_
 
    `EInvalidObjectConversion`:idx:
-     `system.html#156 <system.html#156>`_
+     `system.html#159 <system.html#159>`_
 
    `EInvalidRegEx`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#101 <regexprs.html#101>`_
+     `regexprs.html#103 <regexprs.html#103>`_
 
    `EInvalidValue`:idx:
-     `system.html#148 <system.html#148>`_
+     `system.html#151 <system.html#151>`_
 
    `EIO`:idx:
-     `system.html#138 <system.html#138>`_
+     `system.html#141 <system.html#141>`_
 
    `elementName`:idx:
      `parsexml.html#111 <parsexml.html#111>`_
@@ -1248,15 +1252,15 @@ Index
      `endb.html#102 <endb.html#102>`_
 
    `EndOfFile`:idx:
-     * `system.html#494 <system.html#494>`_
+     * `system.html#499 <system.html#499>`_
      * `lexbase.html#101 <lexbase.html#101>`_
 
    `endsWith`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#150 <strutils.html#150>`_
+     `strutils.html#153 <strutils.html#153>`_
 
    `ENoExceptionToReraise`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#184 <manual.html#184>`_
-     * `system.html#154 <system.html#154>`_
+     * `manual.html#187 <manual.html#187>`_
+     * `system.html#157 <system.html#157>`_
 
    `entityName`:idx:
      `parsexml.html#112 <parsexml.html#112>`_
@@ -1268,7 +1272,7 @@ Index
      `tut1.html#113 <tut1.html#113>`_
 
    `Enumeration`:idx:
-     `manual.html#148 <manual.html#148>`_
+     `manual.html#149 <manual.html#149>`_
 
    `enum_field_types`:idx:
      `mysql.html#202 <mysql.html#202>`_
@@ -1289,21 +1293,21 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#383 <mysql.html#383>`_
 
    `EOS`:idx:
-     `system.html#139 <system.html#139>`_
+     `system.html#142 <system.html#142>`_
 
    `EOutOfMemory`:idx:
-     `system.html#149 <system.html#149>`_
+     `system.html#152 <system.html#152>`_
 
    `EOutOfRange`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#145 <manual.html#145>`_
+     * `manual.html#146 <manual.html#146>`_
      * `tut1.html#112 <tut1.html#112>`_
-     * `system.html#152 <system.html#152>`_
+     * `system.html#155 <system.html#155>`_
 
    `EOverflow`:idx:
-     `system.html#144 <system.html#144>`_
+     `system.html#147 <system.html#147>`_
 
    `equalMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#416 <system.html#416>`_
+     `system.html#407 <system.html#407>`_
 
    `EraseLine`:idx:
      `terminal.html#108 <terminal.html#108>`_
@@ -1312,12 +1316,12 @@ Index
      `terminal.html#109 <terminal.html#109>`_
 
    `ERessourceExhausted`:idx:
-     `system.html#141 <system.html#141>`_
+     `system.html#144 <system.html#144>`_
 
    `error`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#221 <manual.html#221>`_
-     * `manual.html#224 <manual.html#224>`_
-     * `macros.html#138 <macros.html#138>`_
+     * `manual.html#225 <manual.html#225>`_
+     * `manual.html#228 <manual.html#228>`_
+     * `macros.html#136 <macros.html#136>`_
 
    `errorMsg`:idx:
      `parsexml.html#120 <parsexml.html#120>`_
@@ -1333,34 +1337,34 @@ Index
 
    `escape`:idx:
      * `manual.html#133 <manual.html#133>`_
-     * `strutils.html#156 <strutils.html#156>`_
+     * `strutils.html#165 <strutils.html#165>`_
 
    `escape sequences`:idx:
      `manual.html#120 <manual.html#120>`_
 
    `EStackOverflow`:idx:
-     `system.html#153 <system.html#153>`_
+     `system.html#156 <system.html#156>`_
 
    `ESynch`:idx:
-     `system.html#136 <system.html#136>`_
+     `system.html#139 <system.html#139>`_
 
    `ESystem`:idx:
-     `system.html#137 <system.html#137>`_
+     `system.html#140 <system.html#140>`_
 
    `eventAttr`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#104 <xmlgen.html#104>`_
 
    `except`:idx:
-     `manual.html#187 <manual.html#187>`_
+     `manual.html#190 <manual.html#190>`_
 
    `exception handlers`:idx:
-     `manual.html#186 <manual.html#186>`_
+     `manual.html#189 <manual.html#189>`_
 
    `exceptions`:idx:
      `tut2.html#106 <tut2.html#106>`_
 
    `excl`:idx:
-     `system.html#170 <system.html#170>`_
+     `system.html#173 <system.html#173>`_
 
    `exclFilePermissions`:idx:
      `os.html#157 <os.html#157>`_
@@ -1394,22 +1398,22 @@ Index
      `os.html#130 <os.html#130>`_
 
    `expectKind`:idx:
-     `macros.html#147 <macros.html#147>`_
+     `macros.html#145 <macros.html#145>`_
 
    `expectLen`:idx:
-     `macros.html#149 <macros.html#149>`_
+     `macros.html#147 <macros.html#147>`_
 
    `expectMinLen`:idx:
-     `macros.html#148 <macros.html#148>`_
+     `macros.html#146 <macros.html#146>`_
 
    `exportc`:idx:
      `nimrodc.html#102 <nimrodc.html#102>`_
 
    `expr`:idx:
-     `macros.html#111 <macros.html#111>`_
+     `system.html#115 <system.html#115>`_
 
    `expression macros`:idx:
-     `tut2.html#112 <tut2.html#112>`_
+     `tut2.html#110 <tut2.html#110>`_
 
    `extractDir`:idx:
      `os.html#128 <os.html#128>`_
@@ -1430,10 +1434,10 @@ Index
      `math.html#106 <math.html#106>`_
 
    `fastcall`:idx:
-     `manual.html#168 <manual.html#168>`_
+     `manual.html#169 <manual.html#169>`_
 
    `fatal`:idx:
-     `manual.html#225 <manual.html#225>`_
+     `manual.html#229 <manual.html#229>`_
 
    `fieldset`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#130 <xmlgen.html#130>`_
@@ -1523,7 +1527,7 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#218 <mysql.html#218>`_
 
    `fileHandle`:idx:
-     `system.html#518 <system.html#518>`_
+     `system.html#523 <system.html#523>`_
 
    `fileNewer`:idx:
      `os.html#119 <os.html#119>`_
@@ -1538,15 +1542,15 @@ Index
      `os.html#106 <os.html#106>`_
 
    `finally`:idx:
-     `manual.html#188 <manual.html#188>`_
+     `manual.html#191 <manual.html#191>`_
 
    `find`:idx:
-     * `system.html#463 <system.html#463>`_
+     * `system.html#465 <system.html#465>`_
      * `strutils.html#124 <strutils.html#124>`_
      * `strutils.html#125 <strutils.html#125>`_
      * `strutils.html#126 <strutils.html#126>`_
-     * `regexprs.html#106 <regexprs.html#106>`_
-     * `regexprs.html#107 <regexprs.html#107>`_
+     * `regexprs.html#108 <regexprs.html#108>`_
+     * `regexprs.html#109 <regexprs.html#109>`_
 
    `findChars`:idx:
      `strutils.html#123 <strutils.html#123>`_
@@ -1565,16 +1569,16 @@ Index
      `system.html#108 <system.html#108>`_
 
    `floatVal`:idx:
-     `macros.html#124 <macros.html#124>`_
+     `macros.html#122 <macros.html#122>`_
 
    `floatVal=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#130 <macros.html#130>`_
+     `macros.html#128 <macros.html#128>`_
 
    `FlushFile`:idx:
-     `system.html#496 <system.html#496>`_
+     `system.html#501 <system.html#501>`_
 
    `for`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#203 <manual.html#203>`_
+     * `manual.html#207 <manual.html#207>`_
      * `tut1.html#105 <tut1.html#105>`_
 
    `form`:idx:
@@ -1584,54 +1588,60 @@ Index
      `manual.html#124 <manual.html#124>`_
 
    `forward`:idx:
-     `manual.html#200 <manual.html#200>`_
+     `manual.html#203 <manual.html#203>`_
 
    `frexp`:idx:
      `math.html#120 <math.html#120>`_
 
    `functional`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#162 <manual.html#162>`_
+     * `manual.html#163 <manual.html#163>`_
      * `tut1.html#124 <tut1.html#124>`_
 
    `FUNCTIONPOINT`:idx:
      `libcurl.html#265 <libcurl.html#265>`_
 
    `funtions`:idx:
-     `manual.html#198 <manual.html#198>`_
+     `manual.html#201 <manual.html#201>`_
 
    `GC_disable`:idx:
-     `system.html#466 <system.html#466>`_
+     `system.html#468 <system.html#468>`_
 
    `GC_disableMarkAndSweep`:idx:
-     `system.html#472 <system.html#472>`_
+     `system.html#474 <system.html#474>`_
 
    `GC_enable`:idx:
-     `system.html#467 <system.html#467>`_
+     `system.html#469 <system.html#469>`_
 
    `GC_enableMarkAndSweep`:idx:
-     `system.html#471 <system.html#471>`_
+     `system.html#473 <system.html#473>`_
 
    `GC_fullCollect`:idx:
-     `system.html#468 <system.html#468>`_
+     `system.html#470 <system.html#470>`_
 
    `GC_getStatistics`:idx:
-     `system.html#473 <system.html#473>`_
+     `system.html#475 <system.html#475>`_
 
    `GC_ref`:idx:
-     * `system.html#474 <system.html#474>`_
-     * `system.html#475 <system.html#475>`_
      * `system.html#476 <system.html#476>`_
+     * `system.html#477 <system.html#477>`_
+     * `system.html#478 <system.html#478>`_
 
    `GC_setStrategy`:idx:
-     `system.html#470 <system.html#470>`_
+     `system.html#472 <system.html#472>`_
 
    `GC_unref`:idx:
-     * `system.html#477 <system.html#477>`_
-     * `system.html#478 <system.html#478>`_
      * `system.html#479 <system.html#479>`_
+     * `system.html#480 <system.html#480>`_
+     * `system.html#481 <system.html#481>`_
+
+   `generalized raw string literal`:idx:
+     `manual.html#136 <manual.html#136>`_
+
+   `generic character types`:idx:
+     `regexprs.html#102 <regexprs.html#102>`_
 
    `Generics`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#207 <manual.html#207>`_
+     * `manual.html#211 <manual.html#211>`_
      * `tut2.html#108 <tut2.html#108>`_
 
    `getApplicationDir`:idx:
@@ -1666,7 +1676,7 @@ Index
      `os.html#120 <os.html#120>`_
 
    `getCurrentExceptionMsg`:idx:
-     `system.html#435 <system.html#435>`_
+     `system.html#426 <system.html#426>`_
 
    `getCurrentLine`:idx:
      `lexbase.html#106 <lexbase.html#106>`_
@@ -1688,13 +1698,13 @@ Index
      `os.html#154 <os.html#154>`_
 
    `getFilePos`:idx:
-     `system.html#516 <system.html#516>`_
+     `system.html#521 <system.html#521>`_
 
    `getFileSize`:idx:
-     `system.html#508 <system.html#508>`_
+     `system.html#513 <system.html#513>`_
 
    `getFreeMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#441 <system.html#441>`_
+     `system.html#432 <system.html#432>`_
 
    `getGatewayInterface`:idx:
      `cgi.html#113 <cgi.html#113>`_
@@ -1749,7 +1759,7 @@ Index
      `md5.html#106 <md5.html#106>`_
 
    `getOccupiedMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#440 <system.html#440>`_
+     `system.html#431 <system.html#431>`_
 
    `getopt`:idx:
      `parseopt.html#106 <parseopt.html#106>`_
@@ -1764,7 +1774,7 @@ Index
      `cgi.html#125 <cgi.html#125>`_
 
    `getRefcount`:idx:
-     `system.html#434 <system.html#434>`_
+     `system.html#425 <system.html#425>`_
 
    `getRemoteAddr`:idx:
      `cgi.html#126 <cgi.html#126>`_
@@ -1833,7 +1843,7 @@ Index
      `times.html#105 <times.html#105>`_
 
    `getTotalMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#442 <system.html#442>`_
+     `system.html#433 <system.html#433>`_
 
    `get_tty_password`:idx:
      `mysql.html#282 <mysql.html#282>`_
@@ -1897,32 +1907,32 @@ Index
      `nimrodc.html#105 <nimrodc.html#105>`_
 
    `high`:idx:
-     `system.html#122 <system.html#122>`_
+     `system.html#125 <system.html#125>`_
 
    `hint`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#219 <manual.html#219>`_
-     * `manual.html#227 <manual.html#227>`_
-     * `macros.html#140 <macros.html#140>`_
+     * `manual.html#223 <manual.html#223>`_
+     * `manual.html#231 <manual.html#231>`_
+     * `macros.html#138 <macros.html#138>`_
 
    `hostCPU`:idx:
-     `system.html#403 <system.html#403>`_
+     `system.html#394 <system.html#394>`_
 
    `HOSTNAME_LENGTH`:idx:
      `mysql.html#111 <mysql.html#111>`_
 
    `hostOS`:idx:
-     `system.html#402 <system.html#402>`_
+     `system.html#393 <system.html#393>`_
 
    `hr`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#140 <xmlgen.html#140>`_
 
-   `html`:idx:
-     `xmlgen.html#139 <xmlgen.html#139>`_
-
    `HTML`:idx:
      * `parsexml.html#102 <parsexml.html#102>`_
      * `xmlgen.html#102 <xmlgen.html#102>`_
 
+   `html`:idx:
+     `xmlgen.html#139 <xmlgen.html#139>`_
+
    `HTTPPOST_BUFFER`:idx:
      `libcurl.html#266 <libcurl.html#266>`_
 
@@ -1948,10 +1958,10 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#141 <xmlgen.html#141>`_
 
    `ident`:idx:
-     `macros.html#126 <macros.html#126>`_
+     `macros.html#124 <macros.html#124>`_
 
    `ident=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#132 <macros.html#132>`_
+     `macros.html#130 <macros.html#130>`_
 
    `IdentChars`:idx:
      `strutils.html#105 <strutils.html#105>`_
@@ -1966,29 +1976,29 @@ Index
      `strutils.html#106 <strutils.html#106>`_
 
    `if`:idx:
-     `manual.html#180 <manual.html#180>`_
+     `manual.html#183 <manual.html#183>`_
 
    `img`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#142 <xmlgen.html#142>`_
 
    `implicit block`:idx:
-     `manual.html#205 <manual.html#205>`_
+     `manual.html#209 <manual.html#209>`_
 
    `import`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#215 <manual.html#215>`_
+     * `manual.html#219 <manual.html#219>`_
      * `tut1.html#128 <tut1.html#128>`_
 
    `importc`:idx:
      `nimrodc.html#101 <nimrodc.html#101>`_
 
    `in`:idx:
-     `system.html#359 <system.html#359>`_
+     `system.html#350 <system.html#350>`_
 
    `inc`:idx:
-     `system.html#161 <system.html#161>`_
+     `system.html#164 <system.html#164>`_
 
    `incl`:idx:
-     `system.html#169 <system.html#169>`_
+     `system.html#172 <system.html#172>`_
 
    `inclFilePermissions`:idx:
      `os.html#156 <os.html#156>`_
@@ -2000,17 +2010,17 @@ Index
      `manual.html#113 <manual.html#113>`_
 
    `inf`:idx:
-     `system.html#436 <system.html#436>`_
+     `system.html#427 <system.html#427>`_
 
    `information hiding`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#213 <manual.html#213>`_
+     * `manual.html#217 <manual.html#217>`_
      * `tut1.html#126 <tut1.html#126>`_
 
    `init`:idx:
      `parseopt.html#103 <parseopt.html#103>`_
 
    `inline`:idx:
-     `manual.html#167 <manual.html#167>`_
+     `manual.html#168 <manual.html#168>`_
 
    `input`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#143 <xmlgen.html#143>`_
@@ -2040,16 +2050,16 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#306 <mysql.html#306>`_
 
    `intToStr`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#143 <strutils.html#143>`_
+     `strutils.html#146 <strutils.html#146>`_
 
    `intVal`:idx:
-     `macros.html#123 <macros.html#123>`_
+     `macros.html#121 <macros.html#121>`_
 
    `intVal=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#129 <macros.html#129>`_
+     `macros.html#127 <macros.html#127>`_
 
    `is`:idx:
-     `system.html#361 <system.html#361>`_
+     `system.html#352 <system.html#352>`_
 
    `isAlpha`:idx:
      `unicode.html#111 <unicode.html#111>`_
@@ -2061,18 +2071,18 @@ Index
      `unicode.html#109 <unicode.html#109>`_
 
    `isMainModule`:idx:
-     `system.html#394 <system.html#394>`_
+     `system.html#385 <system.html#385>`_
 
    `isNil`:idx:
-     * `system.html#451 <system.html#451>`_
-     * `system.html#452 <system.html#452>`_
-     * `system.html#453 <system.html#453>`_
      * `system.html#454 <system.html#454>`_
      * `system.html#455 <system.html#455>`_
      * `system.html#456 <system.html#456>`_
+     * `system.html#457 <system.html#457>`_
+     * `system.html#458 <system.html#458>`_
+     * `system.html#459 <system.html#459>`_
 
    `is_not`:idx:
-     `system.html#362 <system.html#362>`_
+     `system.html#353 <system.html#353>`_
 
    `IS_NOT_NULL`:idx:
      `mysql.html#303 <mysql.html#303>`_
@@ -2102,21 +2112,22 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#255 <mysql.html#255>`_
 
    `items`:idx:
-     * `system.html#445 <system.html#445>`_
-     * `system.html#446 <system.html#446>`_
-     * `system.html#447 <system.html#447>`_
      * `system.html#448 <system.html#448>`_
      * `system.html#449 <system.html#449>`_
      * `system.html#450 <system.html#450>`_
+     * `system.html#451 <system.html#451>`_
+     * `system.html#452 <system.html#452>`_
+     * `system.html#453 <system.html#453>`_
 
    `iterator`:idx:
-     `manual.html#204 <manual.html#204>`_
+     `manual.html#208 <manual.html#208>`_
 
    `iterOverEnvironment`:idx:
      `os.html#146 <os.html#146>`_
 
-   `JavaScript`:idx:
-     `nimrodc.html#116 <nimrodc.html#116>`_
+   `join`:idx:
+     * `strutils.html#157 <strutils.html#157>`_
+     * `strutils.html#158 <strutils.html#158>`_
 
    `JoinPath`:idx:
      * `os.html#122 <os.html#122>`_
@@ -2130,7 +2141,7 @@ Index
 
    `kind`:idx:
      * `parsexml.html#110 <parsexml.html#110>`_
-     * `macros.html#122 <macros.html#122>`_
+     * `macros.html#120 <macros.html#120>`_
 
    `l-values`:idx:
      `manual.html#107 <manual.html#107>`_
@@ -2142,13 +2153,13 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#147 <xmlgen.html#147>`_
 
    `len`:idx:
-     * `system.html#164 <system.html#164>`_
-     * `system.html#165 <system.html#165>`_
-     * `system.html#166 <system.html#166>`_
      * `system.html#167 <system.html#167>`_
      * `system.html#168 <system.html#168>`_
+     * `system.html#169 <system.html#169>`_
+     * `system.html#170 <system.html#170>`_
+     * `system.html#171 <system.html#171>`_
      * `strtabs.html#109 <strtabs.html#109>`_
-     * `macros.html#118 <macros.html#118>`_
+     * `macros.html#116 <macros.html#116>`_
 
    `Letters`:idx:
      `strutils.html#103 <strutils.html#103>`_
@@ -2178,7 +2189,7 @@ Index
      `nimrodc.html#107 <nimrodc.html#107>`_
 
    `lines`:idx:
-     `system.html#517 <system.html#517>`_
+     `system.html#522 <system.html#522>`_
 
    `line_trace`:idx:
      `nimrodc.html#109 <nimrodc.html#109>`_
@@ -2186,9 +2197,6 @@ Index
    `link`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#149 <xmlgen.html#149>`_
 
-   `Literal strings`:idx:
-     `manual.html#119 <manual.html#119>`_
-
    `ln`:idx:
      `math.html#116 <math.html#116>`_
 
@@ -2217,11 +2225,10 @@ Index
      `math.html#118 <math.html#118>`_
 
    `low`:idx:
-     `system.html#123 <system.html#123>`_
+     `system.html#126 <system.html#126>`_
 
    `Macros`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#210 <manual.html#210>`_
-     * `tut2.html#110 <tut2.html#110>`_
+     `manual.html#214 <manual.html#214>`_
 
    `make_password_from_salt`:idx:
      `mysql.html#281 <mysql.html#281>`_
@@ -2254,23 +2261,20 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#150 <xmlgen.html#150>`_
 
    `match`:idx:
-     * `regexprs.html#103 <regexprs.html#103>`_
-     * `regexprs.html#104 <regexprs.html#104>`_
+     * `regexprs.html#105 <regexprs.html#105>`_
+     * `regexprs.html#106 <regexprs.html#106>`_
 
    `matchLen`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#105 <regexprs.html#105>`_
-
-   `math`:idx:
-     `nimrodc.html#118 <nimrodc.html#118>`_
+     `regexprs.html#107 <regexprs.html#107>`_
 
    `max`:idx:
-     * `system.html#274 <system.html#274>`_
-     * `system.html#275 <system.html#275>`_
-     * `system.html#276 <system.html#276>`_
-     * `system.html#277 <system.html#277>`_
-     * `system.html#278 <system.html#278>`_
-     * `system.html#279 <system.html#279>`_
-     * `system.html#326 <system.html#326>`_
+     * `system.html#317 <system.html#317>`_
+     * `system.html#442 <system.html#442>`_
+     * `system.html#443 <system.html#443>`_
+     * `system.html#444 <system.html#444>`_
+     * `system.html#445 <system.html#445>`_
+     * `system.html#446 <system.html#446>`_
+     * `system.html#447 <system.html#447>`_
 
    `MAX_BIGINT_WIDTH`:idx:
      `mysql.html#194 <mysql.html#194>`_
@@ -2297,7 +2301,7 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#191 <mysql.html#191>`_
 
    `MaxSubpatterns`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#102 <regexprs.html#102>`_
+     `regexprs.html#104 <regexprs.html#104>`_
 
    `MAX_TINYINT_WIDTH`:idx:
      `mysql.html#190 <mysql.html#190>`_
@@ -2330,36 +2334,36 @@ Index
      `tut2.html#104 <tut2.html#104>`_
 
    `methods`:idx:
-     `manual.html#197 <manual.html#197>`_
+     `manual.html#200 <manual.html#200>`_
 
    `min`:idx:
-     * `system.html#268 <system.html#268>`_
-     * `system.html#269 <system.html#269>`_
-     * `system.html#270 <system.html#270>`_
-     * `system.html#271 <system.html#271>`_
-     * `system.html#272 <system.html#272>`_
-     * `system.html#273 <system.html#273>`_
-     * `system.html#325 <system.html#325>`_
+     * `system.html#316 <system.html#316>`_
+     * `system.html#436 <system.html#436>`_
+     * `system.html#437 <system.html#437>`_
+     * `system.html#438 <system.html#438>`_
+     * `system.html#439 <system.html#439>`_
+     * `system.html#440 <system.html#440>`_
+     * `system.html#441 <system.html#441>`_
 
    `mod`:idx:
-     * `system.html#218 <system.html#218>`_
-     * `system.html#219 <system.html#219>`_
-     * `system.html#220 <system.html#220>`_
      * `system.html#221 <system.html#221>`_
      * `system.html#222 <system.html#222>`_
+     * `system.html#223 <system.html#223>`_
+     * `system.html#224 <system.html#224>`_
+     * `system.html#225 <system.html#225>`_
 
    `modify_defaults_file`:idx:
      `mysql.html#284 <mysql.html#284>`_
 
    `module`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#212 <manual.html#212>`_
+     * `manual.html#216 <manual.html#216>`_
      * `tut1.html#125 <tut1.html#125>`_
 
    `moveFile`:idx:
      `os.html#140 <os.html#140>`_
 
    `moveMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#415 <system.html#415>`_
+     `system.html#406 <system.html#406>`_
 
    `MULTIPLE_KEY_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#127 <mysql.html#127>`_
@@ -2879,16 +2883,16 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#110 <mysql.html#110>`_
 
    `nan`:idx:
-     `system.html#438 <system.html#438>`_
+     `system.html#429 <system.html#429>`_
 
    `Natural`:idx:
-     `system.html#130 <system.html#130>`_
+     `system.html#133 <system.html#133>`_
 
    `neginf`:idx:
-     `system.html#437 <system.html#437>`_
+     `system.html#428 <system.html#428>`_
 
    `nestList`:idx:
-     `macros.html#152 <macros.html#152>`_
+     `macros.html#150 <macros.html#150>`_
 
    `NET`:idx:
      `mysql.html#199 <mysql.html#199>`_
@@ -2930,26 +2934,26 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#187 <mysql.html#187>`_
 
    `new`:idx:
-     * `system.html#120 <system.html#120>`_
-     * `system.html#121 <system.html#121>`_
+     * `system.html#123 <system.html#123>`_
+     * `system.html#124 <system.html#124>`_
 
    `newCall`:idx:
-     * `macros.html#150 <macros.html#150>`_
-     * `macros.html#151 <macros.html#151>`_
+     * `macros.html#148 <macros.html#148>`_
+     * `macros.html#149 <macros.html#149>`_
 
    `newFileStream`:idx:
      * `streams.html#120 <streams.html#120>`_
      * `streams.html#121 <streams.html#121>`_
 
    `newFloatLitNode`:idx:
-     `macros.html#143 <macros.html#143>`_
+     `macros.html#141 <macros.html#141>`_
 
    `newIdentNode`:idx:
-     * `macros.html#144 <macros.html#144>`_
-     * `macros.html#145 <macros.html#145>`_
+     * `macros.html#142 <macros.html#142>`_
+     * `macros.html#143 <macros.html#143>`_
 
    `newIntLitNode`:idx:
-     `macros.html#142 <macros.html#142>`_
+     `macros.html#140 <macros.html#140>`_
 
    `newline`:idx:
      `manual.html#121 <manual.html#121>`_
@@ -2958,13 +2962,13 @@ Index
      `lexbase.html#102 <lexbase.html#102>`_
 
    `newNimNode`:idx:
-     `macros.html#135 <macros.html#135>`_
+     `macros.html#133 <macros.html#133>`_
 
    `newSeq`:idx:
-     `system.html#163 <system.html#163>`_
+     `system.html#166 <system.html#166>`_
 
    `newString`:idx:
-     `system.html#412 <system.html#412>`_
+     `system.html#403 <system.html#403>`_
 
    `newStringStream`:idx:
      `streams.html#117 <streams.html#117>`_
@@ -2974,7 +2978,7 @@ Index
      * `strtabs.html#105 <strtabs.html#105>`_
 
    `newStrLitNode`:idx:
-     `macros.html#141 <macros.html#141>`_
+     `macros.html#139 <macros.html#139>`_
 
    `next`:idx:
      * `parseopt.html#104 <parseopt.html#104>`_
@@ -2985,25 +2989,25 @@ Index
      `math.html#108 <math.html#108>`_
 
    `nimcall`:idx:
-     `manual.html#169 <manual.html#169>`_
+     `manual.html#170 <manual.html#170>`_
 
    `NimrodMajor`:idx:
-     `system.html#398 <system.html#398>`_
+     `system.html#389 <system.html#389>`_
 
    `NimrodMinor`:idx:
-     `system.html#399 <system.html#399>`_
+     `system.html#390 <system.html#390>`_
 
    `NimrodPatch`:idx:
-     `system.html#400 <system.html#400>`_
+     `system.html#391 <system.html#391>`_
 
    `NimrodVersion`:idx:
-     `system.html#397 <system.html#397>`_
+     `system.html#388 <system.html#388>`_
 
    `nl`:idx:
      `strutils.html#108 <strutils.html#108>`_
 
    `noconv`:idx:
-     `manual.html#172 <manual.html#172>`_
+     `manual.html#173 <manual.html#173>`_
 
    `no_decl`:idx:
      `nimrodc.html#104 <nimrodc.html#104>`_
@@ -3017,16 +3021,19 @@ Index
    `noscript`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#152 <xmlgen.html#152>`_
 
+   `noSideEffect`:idx:
+     `manual.html#226 <manual.html#226>`_
+
    `not`:idx:
-     * `system.html#116 <system.html#116>`_
-     * `system.html#193 <system.html#193>`_
-     * `system.html#194 <system.html#194>`_
-     * `system.html#195 <system.html#195>`_
+     * `system.html#119 <system.html#119>`_
      * `system.html#196 <system.html#196>`_
      * `system.html#197 <system.html#197>`_
+     * `system.html#198 <system.html#198>`_
+     * `system.html#199 <system.html#199>`_
+     * `system.html#200 <system.html#200>`_
 
    `not_in`:idx:
-     `system.html#360 <system.html#360>`_
+     `system.html#351 <system.html#351>`_
 
    `NOT_NULL_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#124 <mysql.html#124>`_
@@ -3035,13 +3042,13 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#289 <mysql.html#289>`_
 
    `Numerical constants`:idx:
-     `manual.html#136 <manual.html#136>`_
+     `manual.html#137 <manual.html#137>`_
 
    `NUM_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#137 <mysql.html#137>`_
 
    `object`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#155 <manual.html#155>`_
+     * `manual.html#156 <manual.html#156>`_
      * `xmlgen.html#153 <xmlgen.html#153>`_
 
    `octet2hex`:idx:
@@ -3053,6 +3060,10 @@ Index
    `ONLY_KILL_QUERY`:idx:
      `mysql.html#189 <mysql.html#189>`_
 
+   `Open`:idx:
+     * `system.html#495 <system.html#495>`_
+     * `system.html#496 <system.html#496>`_
+
    `open`:idx:
      * `lexbase.html#104 <lexbase.html#104>`_
      * `parsecfg.html#104 <parsecfg.html#104>`_
@@ -3062,17 +3073,17 @@ Index
 
    `openarray`:idx:
      * `tut1.html#119 <tut1.html#119>`_
-     * `system.html#126 <system.html#126>`_
+     * `system.html#129 <system.html#129>`_
 
    `OpenFile`:idx:
-     * `system.html#491 <system.html#491>`_
-     * `system.html#492 <system.html#492>`_
+     * `system.html#493 <system.html#493>`_
+     * `system.html#494 <system.html#494>`_
 
    `operator`:idx:
-     `manual.html#138 <manual.html#138>`_
+     `manual.html#139 <manual.html#139>`_
 
    `Operators`:idx:
-     `manual.html#202 <manual.html#202>`_
+     `manual.html#205 <manual.html#205>`_
 
    `optgroup`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#155 <xmlgen.html#155>`_
@@ -3081,24 +3092,24 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#156 <xmlgen.html#156>`_
 
    `or`:idx:
-     * `system.html#118 <system.html#118>`_
-     * `system.html#238 <system.html#238>`_
-     * `system.html#239 <system.html#239>`_
-     * `system.html#240 <system.html#240>`_
+     * `system.html#121 <system.html#121>`_
      * `system.html#241 <system.html#241>`_
      * `system.html#242 <system.html#242>`_
+     * `system.html#243 <system.html#243>`_
+     * `system.html#244 <system.html#244>`_
+     * `system.html#245 <system.html#245>`_
 
    `ord`:idx:
-     `system.html#172 <system.html#172>`_
-
-   `Ordinal`:idx:
-     `system.html#114 <system.html#114>`_
+     `system.html#175 <system.html#175>`_
 
    `ordinal`:idx:
      `tut1.html#114 <tut1.html#114>`_
 
+   `Ordinal`:idx:
+     `system.html#114 <system.html#114>`_
+
    `Ordinal types`:idx:
-     `manual.html#141 <manual.html#141>`_
+     `manual.html#142 <manual.html#142>`_
 
    `OSError`:idx:
      `os.html#112 <os.html#112>`_
@@ -3131,16 +3142,16 @@ Index
      `os.html#126 <os.html#126>`_
 
    `ParseBiggestInt`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#145 <strutils.html#145>`_
+     `strutils.html#148 <strutils.html#148>`_
 
    `parseCmdLine`:idx:
      `os.html#152 <os.html#152>`_
 
    `ParseFloat`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#146 <strutils.html#146>`_
+     `strutils.html#149 <strutils.html#149>`_
 
    `ParseInt`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#144 <strutils.html#144>`_
+     `strutils.html#147 <strutils.html#147>`_
 
    `PART_KEY_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#138 <mysql.html#138>`_
@@ -3272,10 +3283,10 @@ Index
      `streams.html#118 <streams.html#118>`_
 
    `PFloat32`:idx:
-     `system.html#390 <system.html#390>`_
+     `system.html#381 <system.html#381>`_
 
    `PFloat64`:idx:
-     `system.html#391 <system.html#391>`_
+     `system.html#382 <system.html#382>`_
 
    `Pgptr`:idx:
      `mysql.html#104 <mysql.html#104>`_
@@ -3287,10 +3298,10 @@ Index
      `parsexml.html#115 <parsexml.html#115>`_
 
    `PInt32`:idx:
-     `system.html#393 <system.html#393>`_
+     `system.html#384 <system.html#384>`_
 
    `PInt64`:idx:
-     `system.html#392 <system.html#392>`_
+     `system.html#383 <system.html#383>`_
 
    `PIRest`:idx:
      `parsexml.html#116 <parsexml.html#116>`_
@@ -3365,20 +3376,20 @@ Index
      `macros.html#108 <macros.html#108>`_
 
    `PObject`:idx:
-     `system.html#133 <system.html#133>`_
+     `system.html#136 <system.html#136>`_
 
    `pointer`:idx:
      `system.html#113 <system.html#113>`_
 
    `pointers`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#158 <manual.html#158>`_
+     * `manual.html#159 <manual.html#159>`_
      * `tut1.html#120 <tut1.html#120>`_
 
    `pop`:idx:
-     `system.html#464 <system.html#464>`_
+     `system.html#466 <system.html#466>`_
 
    `Positive`:idx:
-     `system.html#131 <system.html#131>`_
+     `system.html#134 <system.html#134>`_
 
    `pow`:idx:
      `math.html#132 <math.html#132>`_
@@ -3411,17 +3422,17 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#159 <xmlgen.html#159>`_
 
    `pred`:idx:
-     `system.html#160 <system.html#160>`_
+     `system.html#163 <system.html#163>`_
 
    `PRI_KEY_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#125 <mysql.html#125>`_
 
    `procedural type`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#161 <manual.html#161>`_
+     * `manual.html#162 <manual.html#162>`_
      * `tut1.html#123 <tut1.html#123>`_
 
    `procedures`:idx:
-     `manual.html#199 <manual.html#199>`_
+     `manual.html#202 <manual.html#202>`_
 
    `processedRows`:idx:
      `parsecsv.html#107 <parsecsv.html#107>`_
@@ -3517,7 +3528,7 @@ Index
      `math.html#134 <math.html#134>`_
 
    `push/pop`:idx:
-     `manual.html#228 <manual.html#228>`_
+     `manual.html#232 <manual.html#232>`_
 
    `putEnv`:idx:
      `os.html#145 <os.html#145>`_
@@ -3532,20 +3543,20 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#160 <xmlgen.html#160>`_
 
    `quit`:idx:
-     * `system.html#483 <system.html#483>`_
-     * `system.html#484 <system.html#484>`_
+     * `system.html#485 <system.html#485>`_
+     * `system.html#486 <system.html#486>`_
 
    `QuitFailure`:idx:
-     `system.html#482 <system.html#482>`_
+     `system.html#484 <system.html#484>`_
 
    `QuitSuccess`:idx:
-     `system.html#481 <system.html#481>`_
+     `system.html#483 <system.html#483>`_
 
    `quotation mark`:idx:
      `manual.html#128 <manual.html#128>`_
 
    `quoteIfContainsWhite`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#153 <strutils.html#153>`_
+     `strutils.html#156 <strutils.html#156>`_
 
    `random`:idx:
      `math.html#113 <math.html#113>`_
@@ -3560,32 +3571,32 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#254 <mysql.html#254>`_
 
    `range`:idx:
-     `system.html#124 <system.html#124>`_
+     `system.html#127 <system.html#127>`_
 
    `re-raised`:idx:
-     `manual.html#183 <manual.html#183>`_
+     `manual.html#186 <manual.html#186>`_
 
    `readBool`:idx:
      `streams.html#106 <streams.html#106>`_
 
    `readBuffer`:idx:
-     `system.html#511 <system.html#511>`_
+     `system.html#516 <system.html#516>`_
 
    `ReadBytes`:idx:
-     `system.html#509 <system.html#509>`_
+     `system.html#514 <system.html#514>`_
 
    `readChar`:idx:
-     * `system.html#495 <system.html#495>`_
+     * `system.html#500 <system.html#500>`_
      * `streams.html#105 <streams.html#105>`_
 
    `ReadChars`:idx:
-     `system.html#510 <system.html#510>`_
+     `system.html#515 <system.html#515>`_
 
    `readData`:idx:
      `cgi.html#108 <cgi.html#108>`_
 
    `readFile`:idx:
-     `system.html#497 <system.html#497>`_
+     `system.html#502 <system.html#502>`_
 
    `readFloat32`:idx:
      `streams.html#111 <streams.html#111>`_
@@ -3606,7 +3617,7 @@ Index
      `streams.html#107 <streams.html#107>`_
 
    `readLine`:idx:
-     * `system.html#505 <system.html#505>`_
+     * `system.html#510 <system.html#510>`_
      * `streams.html#114 <streams.html#114>`_
 
    `readRow`:idx:
@@ -3616,19 +3627,19 @@ Index
      `streams.html#113 <streams.html#113>`_
 
    `realloc`:idx:
-     `system.html#419 <system.html#419>`_
+     `system.html#410 <system.html#410>`_
 
    `reBinary`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#113 <regexprs.html#113>`_
+     `regexprs.html#115 <regexprs.html#115>`_
 
    `Recursive module dependancies`:idx:
-     `manual.html#216 <manual.html#216>`_
+     `manual.html#220 <manual.html#220>`_
 
    `reEmail`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#116 <regexprs.html#116>`_
+     `regexprs.html#118 <regexprs.html#118>`_
 
    `reFloat`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#115 <regexprs.html#115>`_
+     `regexprs.html#117 <regexprs.html#117>`_
 
    `REFRESH_DES_KEY_FILE`:idx:
      `mysql.html#154 <mysql.html#154>`_
@@ -3676,13 +3687,13 @@ Index
      `nimrodc.html#112 <nimrodc.html#112>`_
 
    `reHex`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#112 <regexprs.html#112>`_
+     `regexprs.html#114 <regexprs.html#114>`_
 
    `reIdentifier`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#109 <regexprs.html#109>`_
+     `regexprs.html#111 <regexprs.html#111>`_
 
    `reInteger`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#111 <regexprs.html#111>`_
+     `regexprs.html#113 <regexprs.html#113>`_
 
    `removeDir`:idx:
      `os.html#150 <os.html#150>`_
@@ -3691,36 +3702,40 @@ Index
      `os.html#141 <os.html#141>`_
 
    `reNatural`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#110 <regexprs.html#110>`_
+     `regexprs.html#112 <regexprs.html#112>`_
 
    `reOctal`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#114 <regexprs.html#114>`_
+     `regexprs.html#116 <regexprs.html#116>`_
 
    `repeatChar`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#148 <strutils.html#148>`_
+     `strutils.html#151 <strutils.html#151>`_
+
+   `replace`:idx:
+     * `strutils.html#159 <strutils.html#159>`_
+     * `strutils.html#160 <strutils.html#160>`_
 
    `replaceStr`:idx:
      * `strutils.html#127 <strutils.html#127>`_
      * `strutils.html#128 <strutils.html#128>`_
 
    `repr`:idx:
-     `system.html#375 <system.html#375>`_
+     `system.html#366 <system.html#366>`_
 
    `ResetAttributes`:idx:
      `terminal.html#110 <terminal.html#110>`_
 
    `result`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#190 <manual.html#190>`_
-     * `manual.html#201 <manual.html#201>`_
+     * `manual.html#193 <manual.html#193>`_
+     * `manual.html#204 <manual.html#204>`_
 
    `resume`:idx:
      `osproc.html#107 <osproc.html#107>`_
 
    `return`:idx:
-     `manual.html#189 <manual.html#189>`_
+     `manual.html#192 <manual.html#192>`_
 
    `reURL`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#117 <regexprs.html#117>`_
+     `regexprs.html#119 <regexprs.html#119>`_
 
    `round`:idx:
      `math.html#121 <math.html#121>`_
@@ -3741,7 +3756,7 @@ Index
      `manual.html#112 <manual.html#112>`_
 
    `safecall`:idx:
-     `manual.html#166 <manual.html#166>`_
+     `manual.html#167 <manual.html#167>`_
 
    `sameFile`:idx:
      `os.html#137 <os.html#137>`_
@@ -3754,7 +3769,7 @@ Index
 
    `scope`:idx:
      * `manual.html#106 <manual.html#106>`_
-     * `manual.html#217 <manual.html#217>`_
+     * `manual.html#221 <manual.html#221>`_
 
    `scramble`:idx:
      `mysql.html#278 <mysql.html#278>`_
@@ -3784,17 +3799,14 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#163 <xmlgen.html#163>`_
 
    `separate compilation`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#214 <manual.html#214>`_
+     * `manual.html#218 <manual.html#218>`_
      * `tut1.html#127 <tut1.html#127>`_
 
    `seq`:idx:
-     `system.html#127 <system.html#127>`_
-
-   `seqToPtr`:idx:
-     `system.html#461 <system.html#461>`_
+     `system.html#130 <system.html#130>`_
 
    `Sequences`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#153 <manual.html#153>`_
+     * `manual.html#154 <manual.html#154>`_
      * `tut1.html#118 <tut1.html#118>`_
 
    `SERVER_MORE_RESULTS_EXISTS`:idx:
@@ -3831,10 +3843,10 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#113 <mysql.html#113>`_
 
    `set`:idx:
-     `system.html#128 <system.html#128>`_
+     `system.html#131 <system.html#131>`_
 
    `set type`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#157 <manual.html#157>`_
+     * `manual.html#158 <manual.html#158>`_
      * `tut1.html#116 <tut1.html#116>`_
 
    `setBackgroundColor`:idx:
@@ -3856,7 +3868,7 @@ Index
      `os.html#155 <os.html#155>`_
 
    `setFilePos`:idx:
-     `system.html#515 <system.html#515>`_
+     `system.html#520 <system.html#520>`_
 
    `SET_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#135 <mysql.html#135>`_
@@ -3865,34 +3877,34 @@ Index
      `terminal.html#115 <terminal.html#115>`_
 
    `setLen`:idx:
-     * `system.html#411 <system.html#411>`_
-     * `system.html#421 <system.html#421>`_
+     * `system.html#402 <system.html#402>`_
+     * `system.html#412 <system.html#412>`_
 
    `setTestData`:idx:
      `cgi.html#142 <cgi.html#142>`_
 
    `shl`:idx:
-     * `system.html#228 <system.html#228>`_
-     * `system.html#229 <system.html#229>`_
-     * `system.html#230 <system.html#230>`_
      * `system.html#231 <system.html#231>`_
      * `system.html#232 <system.html#232>`_
+     * `system.html#233 <system.html#233>`_
+     * `system.html#234 <system.html#234>`_
+     * `system.html#235 <system.html#235>`_
 
    `shr`:idx:
-     * `system.html#223 <system.html#223>`_
-     * `system.html#224 <system.html#224>`_
-     * `system.html#225 <system.html#225>`_
      * `system.html#226 <system.html#226>`_
      * `system.html#227 <system.html#227>`_
+     * `system.html#228 <system.html#228>`_
+     * `system.html#229 <system.html#229>`_
+     * `system.html#230 <system.html#230>`_
 
    `simple statements`:idx:
-     `manual.html#174 <manual.html#174>`_
+     `manual.html#177 <manual.html#177>`_
 
    `sinh`:idx:
      `math.html#129 <math.html#129>`_
 
    `sizeof`:idx:
-     `system.html#158 <system.html#158>`_
+     `system.html#161 <system.html#161>`_
 
    `small`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#164 <xmlgen.html#164>`_
@@ -3906,12 +3918,15 @@ Index
    `split`:idx:
      * `strutils.html#131 <strutils.html#131>`_
      * `strutils.html#132 <strutils.html#132>`_
+     * `strutils.html#138 <strutils.html#138>`_
+     * `strutils.html#139 <strutils.html#139>`_
 
    `SplitFilename`:idx:
      `os.html#131 <os.html#131>`_
 
    `splitLines`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#133 <strutils.html#133>`_
+     * `strutils.html#133 <strutils.html#133>`_
+     * `strutils.html#137 <strutils.html#137>`_
 
    `splitLinesSeq`:idx:
      `strutils.html#134 <strutils.html#134>`_
@@ -4436,13 +4451,13 @@ Index
      * `osproc.html#116 <osproc.html#116>`_
 
    `startsWith`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#149 <strutils.html#149>`_
+     `strutils.html#152 <strutils.html#152>`_
 
    `statement macros`:idx:
-     `tut2.html#113 <tut2.html#113>`_
+     `tut2.html#111 <tut2.html#111>`_
 
    `Statements`:idx:
-     `manual.html#173 <manual.html#173>`_
+     `manual.html#176 <manual.html#176>`_
 
    `static error`:idx:
      `manual.html#109 <manual.html#109>`_
@@ -4451,16 +4466,16 @@ Index
      `manual.html#103 <manual.html#103>`_
 
    `stdcall`:idx:
-     `manual.html#164 <manual.html#164>`_
+     `manual.html#165 <manual.html#165>`_
 
    `stderr`:idx:
-     `system.html#490 <system.html#490>`_
+     `system.html#492 <system.html#492>`_
 
    `stdin`:idx:
-     `system.html#488 <system.html#488>`_
+     `system.html#490 <system.html#490>`_
 
    `stdout`:idx:
-     `system.html#489 <system.html#489>`_
+     `system.html#491 <system.html#491>`_
 
    `st_dynamic_array`:idx:
      `mysql.html#339 <mysql.html#339>`_
@@ -4469,7 +4484,7 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#324 <mysql.html#324>`_
 
    `stmt`:idx:
-     `macros.html#112 <macros.html#112>`_
+     `system.html#116 <system.html#116>`_
 
    `st_mysql`:idx:
      `mysql.html#356 <mysql.html#356>`_
@@ -4508,12 +4523,15 @@ Index
      `mysql.html#198 <mysql.html#198>`_
 
    `string`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#150 <manual.html#150>`_
+     * `manual.html#151 <manual.html#151>`_
      * `system.html#111 <system.html#111>`_
 
    `string interpolation`:idx:
      `strutils.html#110 <strutils.html#110>`_
 
+   `String literals`:idx:
+     `manual.html#119 <manual.html#119>`_
+
    `strip`:idx:
      `strutils.html#114 <strutils.html#114>`_
 
@@ -4524,16 +4542,13 @@ Index
      `strutils.html#107 <strutils.html#107>`_
 
    `structured type`:idx:
-     `manual.html#151 <manual.html#151>`_
-
-   `strutils`:idx:
-     `nimrodc.html#117 <nimrodc.html#117>`_
+     `manual.html#152 <manual.html#152>`_
 
    `strVal`:idx:
-     `macros.html#128 <macros.html#128>`_
+     `macros.html#126 <macros.html#126>`_
 
    `strVal=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#134 <macros.html#134>`_
+     `macros.html#132 <macros.html#132>`_
 
    `st_udf_args`:idx:
      `mysql.html#258 <mysql.html#258>`_
@@ -4554,14 +4569,14 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#168 <xmlgen.html#168>`_
 
    `subrange`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#149 <manual.html#149>`_
+     * `manual.html#150 <manual.html#150>`_
      * `tut1.html#115 <tut1.html#115>`_
 
    `substitution`:idx:
      `strutils.html#109 <strutils.html#109>`_
 
    `succ`:idx:
-     `system.html#159 <system.html#159>`_
+     `system.html#162 <system.html#162>`_
 
    `sum`:idx:
      `math.html#110 <math.html#110>`_
@@ -4573,19 +4588,19 @@ Index
      `osproc.html#106 <osproc.html#106>`_
 
    `swap`:idx:
-     `system.html#423 <system.html#423>`_
+     `system.html#414 <system.html#414>`_
 
    `symbol`:idx:
-     `macros.html#125 <macros.html#125>`_
+     `macros.html#123 <macros.html#123>`_
 
    `symbol=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#131 <macros.html#131>`_
+     `macros.html#129 <macros.html#129>`_
 
    `syscall`:idx:
-     `manual.html#171 <manual.html#171>`_
+     `manual.html#172 <manual.html#172>`_
 
    `system`:idx:
-     `manual.html#218 <manual.html#218>`_
+     `manual.html#222 <manual.html#222>`_
 
    `table`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#170 <xmlgen.html#170>`_
@@ -4594,7 +4609,7 @@ Index
      `manual.html#125 <manual.html#125>`_
 
    `TAddress`:idx:
-     `system.html#376 <system.html#376>`_
+     `system.html#367 <system.html#367>`_
 
    `tan`:idx:
      `math.html#130 <math.html#130>`_
@@ -4804,10 +4819,10 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#172 <xmlgen.html#172>`_
 
    `template`:idx:
-     `manual.html#209 <manual.html#209>`_
+     `manual.html#213 <manual.html#213>`_
 
    `TEndian`:idx:
-     `system.html#389 <system.html#389>`_
+     `system.html#380 <system.html#380>`_
 
    `terminate`:idx:
      `osproc.html#108 <osproc.html#108>`_
@@ -4816,13 +4831,13 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#173 <xmlgen.html#173>`_
 
    `TFile`:idx:
-     `system.html#485 <system.html#485>`_
+     `system.html#487 <system.html#487>`_
 
    `TFileHandle`:idx:
-     `system.html#487 <system.html#487>`_
+     `system.html#489 <system.html#489>`_
 
    `TFileMode`:idx:
-     `system.html#486 <system.html#486>`_
+     `system.html#488 <system.html#488>`_
 
    `TFilePermission`:idx:
      `os.html#153 <os.html#153>`_
@@ -4843,7 +4858,7 @@ Index
      `strtabs.html#111 <strtabs.html#111>`_
 
    `TGC_Strategy`:idx:
-     `system.html#469 <system.html#469>`_
+     `system.html#471 <system.html#471>`_
 
    `th`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#175 <xmlgen.html#175>`_
@@ -4857,9 +4872,6 @@ Index
    `TimeInfoToTime`:idx:
      `times.html#108 <times.html#108>`_
 
-   `times`:idx:
-     `nimrodc.html#119 <nimrodc.html#119>`_
-
    `TIMESTAMP_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#134 <mysql.html#134>`_
 
@@ -4888,25 +4900,25 @@ Index
      `macros.html#105 <macros.html#105>`_
 
    `toBiggestFloat`:idx:
-     `system.html#405 <system.html#405>`_
+     `system.html#396 <system.html#396>`_
 
    `toBiggestInt`:idx:
-     `system.html#407 <system.html#407>`_
+     `system.html#398 <system.html#398>`_
 
    `toBin`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#155 <strutils.html#155>`_
+     `strutils.html#164 <strutils.html#164>`_
 
    `TObject`:idx:
-     `system.html#132 <system.html#132>`_
+     `system.html#135 <system.html#135>`_
 
    `toFloat`:idx:
-     `system.html#404 <system.html#404>`_
+     `system.html#395 <system.html#395>`_
 
    `toHex`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#142 <strutils.html#142>`_
+     `strutils.html#145 <strutils.html#145>`_
 
    `toInt`:idx:
-     `system.html#406 <system.html#406>`_
+     `system.html#397 <system.html#397>`_
 
    `toLower`:idx:
      * `strutils.html#115 <strutils.html#115>`_
@@ -4914,7 +4926,7 @@ Index
      * `unicode.html#106 <unicode.html#106>`_
 
    `toOct`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#154 <strutils.html#154>`_
+     `strutils.html#163 <strutils.html#163>`_
 
    `toOctal`:idx:
      `strutils.html#130 <strutils.html#130>`_
@@ -4923,22 +4935,22 @@ Index
      `parseopt.html#102 <parseopt.html#102>`_
 
    `toString`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#147 <strutils.html#147>`_
+     `strutils.html#150 <strutils.html#150>`_
 
    `toStrLit`:idx:
-     `macros.html#146 <macros.html#146>`_
+     `macros.html#144 <macros.html#144>`_
 
    `toTitle`:idx:
      `unicode.html#108 <unicode.html#108>`_
 
    `toU16`:idx:
-     `system.html#181 <system.html#181>`_
+     `system.html#184 <system.html#184>`_
 
    `toU32`:idx:
-     `system.html#182 <system.html#182>`_
+     `system.html#185 <system.html#185>`_
 
    `toU8`:idx:
-     `system.html#180 <system.html#180>`_
+     `system.html#183 <system.html#183>`_
 
    `toUpper`:idx:
      * `strutils.html#117 <strutils.html#117>`_
@@ -4958,14 +4970,14 @@ Index
      `xmlgen.html#178 <xmlgen.html#178>`_
 
    `traced`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#159 <manual.html#159>`_
+     * `manual.html#160 <manual.html#160>`_
      * `tut1.html#121 <tut1.html#121>`_
 
    `TRequestMethod`:idx:
      `cgi.html#105 <cgi.html#105>`_
 
    `TResult`:idx:
-     `system.html#157 <system.html#157>`_
+     `system.html#160 <system.html#160>`_
 
    `TRune`:idx:
      `unicode.html#101 <unicode.html#101>`_
@@ -4977,7 +4989,7 @@ Index
      `math.html#133 <math.html#133>`_
 
    `try`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#185 <manual.html#185>`_
+     * `manual.html#188 <manual.html#188>`_
      * `tut2.html#107 <tut2.html#107>`_
 
    `Tsqlite3_callback`:idx:
@@ -5017,7 +5029,10 @@ Index
      `times.html#104 <times.html#104>`_
 
    `tuple`:idx:
-     `manual.html#154 <manual.html#154>`_
+     `manual.html#155 <manual.html#155>`_
+
+   `tuple unpacking`:idx:
+     `manual.html#206 <manual.html#206>`_
 
    `TWeekDay`:idx:
      `times.html#102 <times.html#102>`_
@@ -5035,15 +5050,15 @@ Index
      `parsexml.html#106 <parsexml.html#106>`_
 
    `typ`:idx:
-     `macros.html#127 <macros.html#127>`_
+     `macros.html#125 <macros.html#125>`_
 
    `typ=`:idx:
-     `macros.html#133 <macros.html#133>`_
+     `macros.html#131 <macros.html#131>`_
 
    `type`:idx:
      * `manual.html#102 <manual.html#102>`_
-     * `manual.html#140 <manual.html#140>`_
-     * `manual.html#206 <manual.html#206>`_
+     * `manual.html#141 <manual.html#141>`_
+     * `manual.html#210 <manual.html#210>`_
 
    `type casts`:idx:
      `tut2.html#101 <tut2.html#101>`_
@@ -5052,11 +5067,14 @@ Index
      `tut2.html#102 <tut2.html#102>`_
 
    `type parameters`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#208 <manual.html#208>`_
+     * `manual.html#212 <manual.html#212>`_
      * `tut2.html#109 <tut2.html#109>`_
 
    `type suffix`:idx:
-     `manual.html#137 <manual.html#137>`_
+     `manual.html#138 <manual.html#138>`_
+
+   `typeDesc`:idx:
+     `system.html#117 <system.html#117>`_
 
    `TZipArchive`:idx:
      `zipfiles.html#101 <zipfiles.html#101>`_
@@ -5073,15 +5091,15 @@ Index
    `unchecked runtime error`:idx:
      `manual.html#111 <manual.html#111>`_
 
-   `undef`:idx:
-     `manual.html#223 <manual.html#223>`_
-
    `UNIQUE_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#140 <mysql.html#140>`_
 
    `UNIQUE_KEY_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#126 <mysql.html#126>`_
 
+   `units`:idx:
+     `manual.html#175 <manual.html#175>`_
+
    `unixTimeToWinTime`:idx:
      `times.html#117 <times.html#117>`_
 
@@ -5089,18 +5107,18 @@ Index
      `os.html#113 <os.html#113>`_
 
    `unsigned integer`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#142 <manual.html#142>`_
+     * `manual.html#143 <manual.html#143>`_
      * `tut1.html#108 <tut1.html#108>`_
 
    `unsigned operations`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#143 <manual.html#143>`_
+     * `manual.html#144 <manual.html#144>`_
      * `tut1.html#109 <tut1.html#109>`_
 
    `UNSIGNED_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#129 <mysql.html#129>`_
 
    `untraced`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#160 <manual.html#160>`_
+     * `manual.html#161 <manual.html#161>`_
      * `tut1.html#122 <tut1.html#122>`_
 
    `URLdecode`:idx:
@@ -5125,13 +5143,13 @@ Index
      `cgi.html#109 <cgi.html#109>`_
 
    `validEmailAddress`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#157 <strutils.html#157>`_
+     `strutils.html#166 <strutils.html#166>`_
 
    `validIdentifier`:idx:
-     `strutils.html#158 <strutils.html#158>`_
+     `strutils.html#167 <strutils.html#167>`_
 
    `Var`:idx:
-     `manual.html#178 <manual.html#178>`_
+     `manual.html#181 <manual.html#181>`_
 
    `var`:idx:
      `xmlgen.html#181 <xmlgen.html#181>`_
@@ -5144,11 +5162,11 @@ Index
      * `math.html#135 <math.html#135>`_
 
    `variant`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#156 <manual.html#156>`_
+     * `manual.html#157 <manual.html#157>`_
      * `tut2.html#103 <tut2.html#103>`_
 
    `verbose`:idx:
-     `regexprs.html#118 <regexprs.html#118>`_
+     `regexprs.html#120 <regexprs.html#120>`_
 
    `vertical tabulator`:idx:
      `manual.html#126 <manual.html#126>`_
@@ -5167,16 +5185,16 @@ Index
      * `zipfiles.html#110 <zipfiles.html#110>`_
 
    `warning`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#220 <manual.html#220>`_
-     * `manual.html#226 <manual.html#226>`_
-     * `macros.html#139 <macros.html#139>`_
+     * `manual.html#224 <manual.html#224>`_
+     * `manual.html#230 <manual.html#230>`_
+     * `macros.html#137 <macros.html#137>`_
 
    `when`:idx:
-     * `manual.html#182 <manual.html#182>`_
+     * `manual.html#185 <manual.html#185>`_
      * `tut1.html#106 <tut1.html#106>`_
 
    `while`:idx:
-     `manual.html#194 <manual.html#194>`_
+     `manual.html#197 <manual.html#197>`_
 
    `Whitespace`:idx:
      `strutils.html#102 <strutils.html#102>`_
@@ -5185,31 +5203,31 @@ Index
      `times.html#118 <times.html#118>`_
 
    `write`:idx:
-     * `system.html#498 <system.html#498>`_
-     * `system.html#499 <system.html#499>`_
-     * `system.html#500 <system.html#500>`_
-     * `system.html#501 <system.html#501>`_
-     * `system.html#502 <system.html#502>`_
      * `system.html#503 <system.html#503>`_
      * `system.html#504 <system.html#504>`_
+     * `system.html#505 <system.html#505>`_
+     * `system.html#506 <system.html#506>`_
+     * `system.html#507 <system.html#507>`_
+     * `system.html#508 <system.html#508>`_
+     * `system.html#509 <system.html#509>`_
      * `streams.html#103 <streams.html#103>`_
      * `streams.html#104 <streams.html#104>`_
 
    `writeBuffer`:idx:
-     `system.html#514 <system.html#514>`_
+     `system.html#519 <system.html#519>`_
 
    `writeBytes`:idx:
-     `system.html#512 <system.html#512>`_
+     `system.html#517 <system.html#517>`_
 
    `writeChars`:idx:
-     `system.html#513 <system.html#513>`_
+     `system.html#518 <system.html#518>`_
 
    `writeContentType`:idx:
      `cgi.html#143 <cgi.html#143>`_
 
    `writeln`:idx:
-     * `system.html#506 <system.html#506>`_
-     * `system.html#507 <system.html#507>`_
+     * `system.html#511 <system.html#511>`_
+     * `system.html#512 <system.html#512>`_
 
    `WriteStyled`:idx:
      `terminal.html#112 <terminal.html#112>`_
@@ -5225,28 +5243,28 @@ Index
      `cgi.html#103 <cgi.html#103>`_
 
    `xor`:idx:
-     * `system.html#119 <system.html#119>`_
-     * `system.html#243 <system.html#243>`_
-     * `system.html#244 <system.html#244>`_
-     * `system.html#245 <system.html#245>`_
+     * `system.html#122 <system.html#122>`_
      * `system.html#246 <system.html#246>`_
      * `system.html#247 <system.html#247>`_
+     * `system.html#248 <system.html#248>`_
+     * `system.html#249 <system.html#249>`_
+     * `system.html#250 <system.html#250>`_
 
    `yield`:idx:
-     `manual.html#191 <manual.html#191>`_
+     `manual.html#194 <manual.html#194>`_
 
    `ze`:idx:
-     * `system.html#174 <system.html#174>`_
-     * `system.html#175 <system.html#175>`_
-
-   `ze64`:idx:
-     * `system.html#176 <system.html#176>`_
      * `system.html#177 <system.html#177>`_
      * `system.html#178 <system.html#178>`_
+
+   `ze64`:idx:
      * `system.html#179 <system.html#179>`_
+     * `system.html#180 <system.html#180>`_
+     * `system.html#181 <system.html#181>`_
+     * `system.html#182 <system.html#182>`_
 
    `ZEROFILL_FLAG`:idx:
      `mysql.html#130 <mysql.html#130>`_
 
    `zeroMem`:idx:
-     `system.html#413 <system.html#413>`_
\ No newline at end of file
+     `system.html#404 <system.html#404>`_
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/doc/tut1.txt b/doc/tut1.txt
index bf744b885..bf744b885 100644..100755
--- a/doc/tut1.txt
+++ b/doc/tut1.txt
diff --git a/doc/tut2.txt b/doc/tut2.txt
index df6cc1b51..cc67c3400 100644..100755
--- a/doc/tut2.txt
+++ b/doc/tut2.txt
@@ -311,11 +311,10 @@ class provides a constructor, etc.
   c.draw() 
 
 The code uses a ``draw`` procedure that is bound statically, but inside it
-the dynamic dispatch happens with the help of the ``fdraw`` field. This is
-slightly more inconvienent than in traditional OOP-languages, but has the
-advantage of being much more flexible (and somewhat faster). The above approach
-also allows some form *monkey patching* by modifying the ``fdraw`` field.
-
+the dynamic dispatch happens with the help of the ``fdraw`` field. Even though
+this solution has its advantages compared to traditional OOP-languages, it is
+a **preliminary** solution. Multimethods are a planned language feature that
+provide a more flexible and efficient mechanism. 
 
 
 Exceptions
@@ -323,15 +322,13 @@ Exceptions
 
 In Nimrod `exceptions`:idx: are objects. By convention, exception types are 
 prefixed with an 'E', not 'T'. The ``system`` module defines an exception 
-hierarchy that you should stick to. Reusing an existing exception type is
-often better than defining a new exception type: It avoids a proliferation of
-types. 
+hierarchy that you might want to stick to.
 
 Exceptions should be allocated on the heap because their lifetime is unknown.
 
 A convention is that exceptions should be raised in *exceptional* cases: 
-For example, if a file cannot be opened, this should not raise an exception 
-since this is quite common (the file may have been deleted).
+For example, if a file cannot be opened, this should not raise an
+exception since this is quite common (the file may not exist).
 
 
 Raise statement
@@ -359,7 +356,7 @@ The `try`:idx: statement handles exceptions:
   # and tries to add them
   var
     f: TFile
-  if openFile(f, "numbers.txt"):
+  if open(f, "numbers.txt"):
     try:
       var a = readLine(f)
       var b = readLine(f)
@@ -375,7 +372,7 @@ The `try`:idx: statement handles exceptions:
       # reraise the unknown exception:
       raise
     finally:
-      closeFile(f)
+      close(f)
 
 The statements after the ``try`` are executed unless an exception is 
 raised. Then the appropriate ``except`` part is executed. 
@@ -396,8 +393,6 @@ is not executed (if an exception occurs).
 Generics
 ========
 
-`Version 0.7.10: Complex generic types like in the example do not work.`:red:
-
 `Generics`:idx: are Nimrod's means to parametrize procs, iterators or types 
 with `type parameters`:idx:. They are most useful for efficient type safe
 containers: 
@@ -448,7 +443,7 @@ containers:
     while stack.len > 0:
       var n = stack.pop()
       while n != nil:
-        yield n
+        yield n.data
         add(stack, n.ri)  # push right subtree onto the stack
         n = n.le          # and follow the left pointer
       
@@ -472,8 +467,7 @@ Templates
 Templates are a simple substitution mechanism that operates on Nimrod's 
 abstract syntax trees. Templates are processed in the semantic pass of the 
 compiler. They integrate well with the rest of the language and share none 
-of C's preprocessor macros flaws. However, they may lead to code that is harder 
-to understand and maintain. So one should use them sparingly. 
+of C's preprocessor macros flaws.
 
 To *invoke* a template, call it like a procedure.
 
@@ -488,7 +482,8 @@ Example:
 
 The ``!=``, ``>``, ``>=``, ``in``, ``notin``, ``isnot`` operators are in fact 
 templates: This has the benefit that if you overload the ``==`` operator, 
-the ``!=`` operator is available automatically and does the right thing.
+the ``!=`` operator is available automatically and does the right thing. (Except
+for IEEE floating point numbers - NaN breaks basic boolean logic.)
 
 ``a > b`` is transformed into ``b < a``.
 ``a in b`` is transformed into ``contains(b, a)``. 
@@ -513,7 +508,7 @@ This code has a shortcoming: If ``debug`` is set to false someday, the quite
 expensive ``$`` and ``&`` operations are still performed! (The argument 
 evaluation for procedures is said to be *eager*).
 
-Turning the ``log`` proc into a template solves this problem in an elegant way:
+Turning the ``log`` proc into a template solves this problem:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
   const
@@ -530,7 +525,7 @@ Turning the ``log`` proc into a template solves this problem in an elegant way:
 The "types" of templates can be the symbols ``expr`` (stands for *expression*), 
 ``stmt`` (stands for *statement*) or ``typedesc`` (stands for *type 
 description*). These are no real types, they just help the compiler parsing.
-In later versions, real types will be supported too.
+However, real types are supported too.
 
 The template body does not open a new scope. To open a new scope
 use a ``block`` statement:
@@ -557,7 +552,8 @@ via a special ``:`` syntax:
 
 .. code-block:: nimrod
 
-  template withFile(f, filename, mode: expr, actions: stmt): stmt =
+  template withFile(f: expr, filename: string, mode: TFileMode,
+                    actions: stmt): stmt =
     block:
       var fn = filename
       var f: TFile
@@ -583,11 +579,6 @@ once.
 Macros
 ======
 
-If the template mechanism scares you, you will be pleased to hear that 
-templates are not really necessary: Macros can do anything that templates can
-do and much more. Macros are harder to write than templates and even harder 
-to get right :-). Now that you have been warned, lets see what a macro *is*.
-
 Macros enable advanced compile-time code tranformations, but they
 cannot change Nimrod's syntax. However, this is no real restriction because
 Nimrod's syntax is flexible enough anyway. 
@@ -598,7 +589,8 @@ to an abstract syntax tree (AST). The AST is documented in the
 
 There are two ways to invoke a macro:
 (1) invoking a macro like a procedure call (`expression macros`:idx:)
-(2) invoking a macro with the special ``macrostmt`` syntax (`statement macros`:idx:)
+(2) invoking a macro with the special ``macrostmt``
+    syntax (`statement macros`:idx:)
 
 
 Expression Macros
author	Andreas Rumpf <andreasrumpf@noname>	2009-09-15 23:22:22 +0200
committer	Andreas Rumpf <andreasrumpf@noname>	2009-09-15 23:22:22 +0200
commit	66a7e3d37c0303997a6b1a3b7ec263dfb8c07748 (patch)
tree	40ae1ab8aeb9086b7310ea73ab8a2ed6b597f88b /doc
parent	300430fbba28b408f7ac86ca46b03d9d50839399 (diff)
download	Nim-66a7e3d37c0303997a6b1a3b7ec263dfb8c07748.tar.gz