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-rwxr-xr-xcompiler/ecmasgen.nim44
-rwxr-xr-xcompiler/ropes.nim782
2 files changed, 289 insertions, 537 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/ecmasgen.nim b/compiler/ecmasgen.nim
index 25d147ebc..8899c904e 100755
--- a/compiler/ecmasgen.nim
+++ b/compiler/ecmasgen.nim
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #
 #
 #           The Nimrod Compiler
-#        (c) Copyright 2012 Andreas Rumpf
+#        (c) Copyright 2013 Andreas Rumpf
 #
 #    See the file "copying.txt", included in this
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
@@ -964,24 +964,45 @@ proc genDeref(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) =
     if a.kind != etyBaseIndex: InternalError(n.info, "genDeref")
     r.res = ropef("$1[$2]", [a.com, a.res])
 
+proc genArg(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) =
+  var a: TCompRes
+  gen(p, n, a)
+  if a.kind == etyBaseIndex: 
+    app(r.res, a.com)
+    app(r.res, ", ")
+    app(r.res, a.res)
+  else:
+    app(r.res, mergeExpr(a))
+
 proc genArgs(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) =
   app(r.res, "(")
   for i in countup(1, sonsLen(n) - 1): 
     if i > 1: app(r.res, ", ")
-    var a: TCompRes
-    gen(p, n.sons[i], a)
-    if a.kind == etyBaseIndex: 
-      app(r.res, a.com)
-      app(r.res, ", ")
-      app(r.res, a.res)
-    else: 
-      app(r.res, mergeExpr(a))
+    genArg(p, n.sons[i], r)
   app(r.res, ")")
 
 proc genCall(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) = 
   gen(p, n.sons[0], r)
   genArgs(p, n, r)
 
+proc genInfixCall(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) =
+  gen(p, n.sons[1], r)
+  if r.kind == etyBaseIndex:
+    if r.com == nil:
+      GlobalError(n.info, "cannot invoke with infix syntax")
+    r.res = ropef("$1[0]", [r.res, r.com])
+    r.com = nil
+  app(r.res, ".")
+  var op: TCompRes
+  gen(p, n.sons[0], op)
+  app(r.res, mergeExpr(op))
+  
+  app(r.res, "(")
+  for i in countup(2, sonsLen(n) - 1):
+    if i > 2: app(r.res, ", ")
+    genArg(p, n.sons[i], r)
+  app(r.res, ")")
+
 proc genEcho(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) =
   useMagic(p, "rawEcho")
   app(r.res, "rawEcho")
@@ -1513,9 +1534,12 @@ proc gen(p: var TProc, n: PNode, r: var TCompRes) =
     else: r.res = toRope(f.ToStrMaxPrecision)
   of nkBlockExpr: genBlock(p, n, r)
   of nkIfExpr: genIfExpr(p, n, r)
-  of nkCallKinds: 
+  of nkCallKinds:
     if (n.sons[0].kind == nkSym) and (n.sons[0].sym.magic != mNone): 
       genMagic(p, n, r)
+    elif n.sons[0].kind == nkSym and sfInfixCall in n.sons[0].sym.flags and
+      n.len >= 2:
+      genInfixCall(p, n, r)
     else: 
       genCall(p, n, r)
   of nkCurly: genSetConstr(p, n, r)
diff --git a/compiler/ropes.nim b/compiler/ropes.nim
index 95dce8278..50c89e4d9 100755
--- a/compiler/ropes.nim
+++ b/compiler/ropes.nim
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #
 #
 #           The Nimrod Compiler
-#        (c) Copyright 2013 Andreas Rumpf
+#        (c) Copyright 2012 Andreas Rumpf
 #
 #    See the file "copying.txt", included in this
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
@@ -58,538 +58,266 @@
 import 
   msgs, strutils, platform, hashes, crc, options
 
-const
-  PayloadSize = 64_000 # dummy size for range checking
-
 type
   TFormatStr* = string # later we may change it to CString for better
                        # performance of the code generator (assignments 
                        # copy the format strings
                        # though it is not necessary)
-
-when true:
-  # old version:
-  type
-    PRope* = ref TRope
-    TRope*{.acyclic.} = object of TObject # the empty rope is represented 
-                                          # by nil to safe space
-      left*, right*: PRope
-      length*: int
-      data*: string             # != nil if a leaf
-    
-    TRopeSeq* = seq[PRope]
-
-  proc con*(a, b: PRope): PRope
-  proc con*(a: PRope, b: string): PRope
-  proc con*(a: string, b: PRope): PRope
-  proc con*(a: varargs[PRope]): PRope
-  proc app*(a: var PRope, b: PRope)
-  proc app*(a: var PRope, b: string)
-  proc prepend*(a: var PRope, b: PRope)
-  proc toRope*(s: string): PRope
-  proc toRope*(i: BiggestInt): PRope
-  proc ropeLen*(a: PRope): int
-  proc writeRopeIfNotEqual*(r: PRope, filename: string): bool
-  proc ropeToStr*(p: PRope): string
-  proc ropef*(frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]): PRope
-  proc appf*(c: var PRope, frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope])
-  proc RopeEqualsFile*(r: PRope, f: string): bool
-    # returns true if the rope r is the same as the contents of file f
-  proc RopeInvariant*(r: PRope): bool
-    # exported for debugging
-  # implementation
-
-  proc ropeLen(a: PRope): int = 
-    if a == nil: result = 0
-    else: result = a.length
-    
-  proc newRope(data: string = nil): PRope = 
-    new(result)
-    if data != nil: 
-      result.length = len(data)
-      result.data = data
-
-  proc newMutableRope*(capacity = 30): PRope =
-    ## creates a new rope that supports direct modifications of the rope's
-    ## 'data' and 'length' fields.
-    new(result)
-    result.data = newStringOfCap(capacity)
-
-  proc freezeMutableRope*(r: PRope) {.inline.} =
-    r.length = r.data.len
-
-  var 
-    cache: array[0..2048*2 -1, PRope]
-
-  proc RopeInvariant(r: PRope): bool = 
-    if r == nil: 
-      result = true
-    else: 
-      result = true #
-                    #    if r.data <> snil then
-                    #      result := true
-                    #    else begin
-                    #      result := (r.left <> nil) and (r.right <> nil);
-                    #      if result then result := ropeInvariant(r.left);
-                    #      if result then result := ropeInvariant(r.right);
-                    #    end 
-
-  proc insertInCache(s: string): PRope = 
-    var h = hash(s) and high(cache)
-    result = cache[h]
-    if isNil(result) or result.data != s:
-      result = newRope(s)
-      cache[h] = result
-    
-  proc toRope(s: string): PRope =
-    if s.len == 0:
-      result = nil
-    else:
-      result = insertInCache(s)
-    assert(RopeInvariant(result))
-
-  proc RopeSeqInsert(rs: var TRopeSeq, r: PRope, at: Natural) = 
-    var length = len(rs)
-    if at > length: 
-      setlen(rs, at + 1)
-    else: 
-      setlen(rs, length + 1)    # move old rope elements:
-    for i in countdown(length, at + 1): 
-      rs[i] = rs[i - 1] # this is correct, I used pen and paper to validate it
-    rs[at] = r
-
-  proc newRecRopeToStr(result: var string, resultLen: var int, r: PRope) = 
-    var stack = @[r]
-    while len(stack) > 0: 
-      var it = pop(stack)
-      while it.data == nil: 
-        add(stack, it.right)
-        it = it.left
-      assert(it.data != nil)
-      CopyMem(addr(result[resultLen]), addr(it.data[0]), it.length)
-      Inc(resultLen, it.length)
-      assert(resultLen <= len(result))
-
-  proc ropeToStr(p: PRope): string = 
-    if p == nil: 
-      result = ""
-    else: 
-      result = newString(p.length)
-      var resultLen = 0
-      newRecRopeToStr(result, resultLen, p)
-
-  proc con(a, b: PRope): PRope = 
-    if a == nil: result = b
-    elif b == nil: result = a
-    else:
-      result = newRope()
-      result.length = a.length + b.length
-      result.left = a
-      result.right = b
-
-  proc con(a: PRope, b: string): PRope = result = con(a, toRope(b))
-  proc con(a: string, b: PRope): PRope = result = con(toRope(a), b)
-
-  proc con(a: varargs[PRope]): PRope = 
-    for i in countup(0, high(a)): result = con(result, a[i])
-
-  proc toRope(i: BiggestInt): PRope = result = toRope($i)
-
-  proc app(a: var PRope, b: PRope) = a = con(a, b)
-  proc app(a: var PRope, b: string) = a = con(a, b)
-  proc prepend(a: var PRope, b: PRope) = a = con(b, a)
-
-  proc writeRope*(f: TFile, c: PRope) = 
-    var stack = @[c]
-    while len(stack) > 0: 
-      var it = pop(stack)
-      while it.data == nil: 
-        add(stack, it.right)
-        it = it.left
-        assert(it != nil)
-      assert(it.data != nil)
-      write(f, it.data)
-
-  proc WriteRope*(head: PRope, filename: string, useWarning = false) =
-    var f: tfile
-    if open(f, filename, fmWrite):
-      if head != nil: WriteRope(f, head)
-      close(f)
-    else:
-      rawMessage(if useWarning: warnCannotOpenFile else: errCannotOpenFile,
-                 filename)
-
-  proc ropef(frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]): PRope = 
-    var i = 0
-    var length = len(frmt)
+  PRope* = ref TRope
+  TRope*{.acyclic.} = object of TObject # the empty rope is represented 
+                                        # by nil to safe space
+    left*, right*: PRope
+    length*: int
+    data*: string             # != nil if a leaf
+  
+  TRopeSeq* = seq[PRope]
+
+proc con*(a, b: PRope): PRope
+proc con*(a: PRope, b: string): PRope
+proc con*(a: string, b: PRope): PRope
+proc con*(a: varargs[PRope]): PRope
+proc app*(a: var PRope, b: PRope)
+proc app*(a: var PRope, b: string)
+proc prepend*(a: var PRope, b: PRope)
+proc toRope*(s: string): PRope
+proc toRope*(i: BiggestInt): PRope
+proc ropeLen*(a: PRope): int
+proc writeRopeIfNotEqual*(r: PRope, filename: string): bool
+proc ropeToStr*(p: PRope): string
+proc ropef*(frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]): PRope
+proc appf*(c: var PRope, frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope])
+proc RopeEqualsFile*(r: PRope, f: string): bool
+  # returns true if the rope r is the same as the contents of file f
+proc RopeInvariant*(r: PRope): bool
+  # exported for debugging
+# implementation
+
+proc ropeLen(a: PRope): int = 
+  if a == nil: result = 0
+  else: result = a.length
+  
+proc newRope(data: string = nil): PRope = 
+  new(result)
+  if data != nil: 
+    result.length = len(data)
+    result.data = data
+
+proc newMutableRope*(capacity = 30): PRope =
+  ## creates a new rope that supports direct modifications of the rope's
+  ## 'data' and 'length' fields.
+  new(result)
+  result.data = newStringOfCap(capacity)
+
+proc freezeMutableRope*(r: PRope) {.inline.} =
+  r.length = r.data.len
+
+var 
+  cache: array[0..2048*2 -1, PRope]
+
+proc RopeInvariant(r: PRope): bool = 
+  if r == nil: 
+    result = true
+  else: 
+    result = true #
+                  #    if r.data <> snil then
+                  #      result := true
+                  #    else begin
+                  #      result := (r.left <> nil) and (r.right <> nil);
+                  #      if result then result := ropeInvariant(r.left);
+                  #      if result then result := ropeInvariant(r.right);
+                  #    end 
+
+proc insertInCache(s: string): PRope = 
+  var h = hash(s) and high(cache)
+  result = cache[h]
+  if isNil(result) or result.data != s:
+    result = newRope(s)
+    cache[h] = result
+  
+proc toRope(s: string): PRope =
+  if s.len == 0:
     result = nil
-    var num = 0
-    while i <= length - 1: 
-      if frmt[i] == '$': 
-        inc(i)                  # skip '$'
-        case frmt[i]
-        of '$': 
-          app(result, "$")
-          inc(i)
-        of '#': 
-          inc(i)
-          app(result, args[num])
-          inc(num)
-        of '0'..'9': 
-          var j = 0
-          while true: 
-            j = (j * 10) + Ord(frmt[i]) - ord('0')
-            inc(i)
-            if (i > length + 0 - 1) or not (frmt[i] in {'0'..'9'}): break 
-          num = j
-          if j > high(args) + 1: 
-            internalError("ropes: invalid format string $" & $(j))
-          else:
-            app(result, args[j - 1])
-        of 'n':
-          if optLineDir notin gOptions: app(result, tnl)
-          inc i
-        of 'N':
-          app(result, tnl)
-          inc(i)
-        else: InternalError("ropes: invalid format string $" & frmt[i])
-      var start = i
-      while i < length:
-        if frmt[i] != '$': inc(i)
-        else: break
-      if i - 1 >= start: 
-        app(result, substr(frmt, start, i - 1))
-    assert(RopeInvariant(result))
-
-  proc appf(c: var PRope, frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]) = 
-    app(c, ropef(frmt, args))
-
-  const 
-    bufSize = 1024              # 1 KB is reasonable
-
-  proc auxRopeEqualsFile(r: PRope, bin: var tfile, buf: Pointer): bool = 
-    if r.data != nil:
-      if r.length > bufSize: 
-        internalError("ropes: token too long")
-        return
-      var readBytes = readBuffer(bin, buf, r.length)
-      result = readBytes == r.length and
-          equalMem(buf, addr(r.data[0]), r.length) # BUGFIX
-    else: 
-      result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r.left, bin, buf)
-      if result: result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r.right, bin, buf)
-    
-  proc RopeEqualsFile(r: PRope, f: string): bool = 
-    var bin: tfile
-    result = open(bin, f)
-    if not result: 
-      return                    # not equal if file does not exist
-    var buf = alloc(BufSize)
-    result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r, bin, buf)
-    if result: 
-      result = readBuffer(bin, buf, bufSize) == 0 # really at the end of file?
-    dealloc(buf)
-    close(bin)
-
-  proc crcFromRopeAux(r: PRope, startVal: TCrc32): TCrc32 = 
-    if r.data != nil: 
-      result = startVal
-      for i in countup(0, len(r.data) - 1): 
-        result = updateCrc32(r.data[i], result)
-    else: 
-      result = crcFromRopeAux(r.left, startVal)
-      result = crcFromRopeAux(r.right, result)
-
-  proc newCrcFromRopeAux(r: PRope, startVal: TCrc32): TCrc32 = 
-    # XXX profiling shows this is actually expensive
-    var stack: TRopeSeq = @[r]
-    result = startVal
-    while len(stack) > 0: 
-      var it = pop(stack)
-      while it.data == nil: 
-        add(stack, it.right)
-        it = it.left
-      assert(it.data != nil)
-      var i = 0
-      var L = len(it.data)
-      while i < L: 
-        result = updateCrc32(it.data[i], result)
+  else:
+    result = insertInCache(s)
+  assert(RopeInvariant(result))
+
+proc RopeSeqInsert(rs: var TRopeSeq, r: PRope, at: Natural) = 
+  var length = len(rs)
+  if at > length: 
+    setlen(rs, at + 1)
+  else: 
+    setlen(rs, length + 1)    # move old rope elements:
+  for i in countdown(length, at + 1): 
+    rs[i] = rs[i - 1] # this is correct, I used pen and paper to validate it
+  rs[at] = r
+
+proc newRecRopeToStr(result: var string, resultLen: var int, r: PRope) = 
+  var stack = @[r]
+  while len(stack) > 0: 
+    var it = pop(stack)
+    while it.data == nil: 
+      add(stack, it.right)
+      it = it.left
+    assert(it.data != nil)
+    CopyMem(addr(result[resultLen]), addr(it.data[0]), it.length)
+    Inc(resultLen, it.length)
+    assert(resultLen <= len(result))
+
+proc ropeToStr(p: PRope): string = 
+  if p == nil: 
+    result = ""
+  else: 
+    result = newString(p.length)
+    var resultLen = 0
+    newRecRopeToStr(result, resultLen, p)
+
+proc con(a, b: PRope): PRope = 
+  if a == nil: result = b
+  elif b == nil: result = a
+  else:
+    result = newRope()
+    result.length = a.length + b.length
+    result.left = a
+    result.right = b
+
+proc con(a: PRope, b: string): PRope = result = con(a, toRope(b))
+proc con(a: string, b: PRope): PRope = result = con(toRope(a), b)
+
+proc con(a: varargs[PRope]): PRope = 
+  for i in countup(0, high(a)): result = con(result, a[i])
+
+proc toRope(i: BiggestInt): PRope = result = toRope($i)
+
+proc app(a: var PRope, b: PRope) = a = con(a, b)
+proc app(a: var PRope, b: string) = a = con(a, b)
+proc prepend(a: var PRope, b: PRope) = a = con(b, a)
+
+proc writeRope*(f: TFile, c: PRope) = 
+  var stack = @[c]
+  while len(stack) > 0: 
+    var it = pop(stack)
+    while it.data == nil: 
+      add(stack, it.right)
+      it = it.left
+      assert(it != nil)
+    assert(it.data != nil)
+    write(f, it.data)
+
+proc WriteRope*(head: PRope, filename: string, useWarning = false) =
+  var f: tfile
+  if open(f, filename, fmWrite):
+    if head != nil: WriteRope(f, head)
+    close(f)
+  else:
+    rawMessage(if useWarning: warnCannotOpenFile else: errCannotOpenFile,
+               filename)
+
+proc ropef(frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]): PRope = 
+  var i = 0
+  var length = len(frmt)
+  result = nil
+  var num = 0
+  while i <= length - 1: 
+    if frmt[i] == '$': 
+      inc(i)                  # skip '$'
+      case frmt[i]
+      of '$': 
+        app(result, "$")
         inc(i)
-
-  proc crcFromRope(r: PRope): TCrc32 = 
-    result = newCrcFromRopeAux(r, initCrc32)
-
-  proc writeRopeIfNotEqual(r: PRope, filename: string): bool = 
-    # returns true if overwritten
-    var c: TCrc32
-    c = crcFromFile(filename)
-    if c != crcFromRope(r): 
-      writeRope(r, filename)
-      result = true
-    else: 
-      result = false
-
-else:
-  # optimized version with 'unsafeNew':
-
-  type
-    PRope* = ref TRope
-    TRope*{.acyclic.} = object of TObject # the empty rope is represented 
-                                          # by nil to safe space
-      left, right: PRope
-      L: int                            # < 0 if a leaf
-      d: array [0..PayloadSize, char]             # != nil if a leaf
-    
-    TRopeSeq* = seq[PRope]
-
-  proc con*(a, b: PRope): PRope
-  proc con*(a: PRope, b: string): PRope
-  proc con*(a: string, b: PRope): PRope
-  proc con*(a: varargs[PRope]): PRope
-  proc app*(a: var PRope, b: PRope)
-  proc app*(a: var PRope, b: string)
-  proc prepend*(a: var PRope, b: PRope)
-  proc toRope*(s: string): PRope
-  proc toRope*(i: BiggestInt): PRope
-  proc ropeLen*(a: PRope): int
-  proc writeRopeIfNotEqual*(r: PRope, filename: string): bool
-  proc ropeToStr*(p: PRope): string
-  proc ropef*(frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]): PRope
-  proc appf*(c: var PRope, frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope])
-  proc RopeEqualsFile*(r: PRope, f: string): bool
-    # returns true if the rope r is the same as the contents of file f
-  proc RopeInvariant*(r: PRope): bool
-    # exported for debugging
-  # implementation
-
-  proc ropeLen(a: PRope): int = 
-    if a == nil: result = 0
-    else: result = a.L.abs
-    
-  proc newRope(data: string = nil): PRope =
-    if data != nil:
-      unsafeNew(result, sizeof(TRope)-PayloadSize+len(data)+1)
-      result.L = -len(data)
-      # copy including '\0':
-      copyMem(addr result.d, cstring(data), len(data))
-    else:
-      unsafeNew(result, sizeof(TRope)-PayloadSize+1)
-
-  proc eqContent(r: PRope, s: string): bool =
-    assert r.L < 0
-    if -r.L == s.len:
-      result = equalMem(addr(r.d), cstring(s), s.len)
-
-  when false:
-    proc newMutableRope*(capacity = 30): PRope =
-      ## creates a new rope that supports direct modifications of the rope's
-      ## 'data' and 'length' fields.
-      new(result)
-      result.data = newStringOfCap(capacity)
-
-    proc freezeMutableRope*(r: PRope) {.inline.} =
-      r.length = r.data.len
-
-  var 
-    cache: array[0..2048*2 -1, PRope]
-
-  proc RopeInvariant(r: PRope): bool = 
-    if r == nil: 
-      result = true
-    else: 
-      result = true #
-                    #    if r.data <> snil then
-                    #      result := true
-                    #    else begin
-                    #      result := (r.left <> nil) and (r.right <> nil);
-                    #      if result then result := ropeInvariant(r.left);
-                    #      if result then result := ropeInvariant(r.right);
-                    #    end 
-
-  proc insertInCache(s: string): PRope = 
-    var h = hash(s) and high(cache)
-    result = cache[h]
-    if isNil(result) or not eqContent(result, s):
-      result = newRope(s)
-      cache[h] = result
-    
-  proc toRope(s: string): PRope =
-    if s.len == 0:
-      result = nil
-    else:
-      result = insertInCache(s)
-    assert(RopeInvariant(result))
-
-  proc RopeSeqInsert(rs: var TRopeSeq, r: PRope, at: Natural) = 
-    var length = len(rs)
-    if at > length: 
-      setlen(rs, at + 1)
-    else: 
-      setlen(rs, length + 1)    # move old rope elements:
-    for i in countdown(length, at + 1): 
-      rs[i] = rs[i - 1] # this is correct, I used pen and paper to validate it
-    rs[at] = r
-
-  proc newRecRopeToStr(result: var string, resultLen: var int, r: PRope) = 
-    var stack = @[r]
-    while len(stack) > 0: 
-      var it = pop(stack)
-      while it.L >= 0:
-        add(stack, it.right)
-        it = it.left
-      assert(it.L < 0)
-      CopyMem(addr(result[resultLen]), addr(it.d[0]), -it.L)
-      Inc(resultLen, -it.L)
-      assert(resultLen <= len(result))
-
-  proc ropeToStr(p: PRope): string = 
-    if p == nil: 
-      result = ""
-    else:
-      result = newString(p.L.abs)
-      var resultLen = 0
-      newRecRopeToStr(result, resultLen, p)
-
-  proc con(a, b: PRope): PRope = 
-    if a == nil: result = b
-    elif b == nil: result = a
-    else:
-      result = newRope()
-      result.L = a.L.abs + b.L.abs
-      result.left = a
-      result.right = b
-
-  proc con(a: PRope, b: string): PRope = result = con(a, toRope(b))
-  proc con(a: string, b: PRope): PRope = result = con(toRope(a), b)
-
-  proc con(a: varargs[PRope]): PRope = 
-    for i in countup(0, high(a)): result = con(result, a[i])
-
-  proc toRope(i: BiggestInt): PRope = result = toRope($i)
-
-  proc app(a: var PRope, b: PRope) = a = con(a, b)
-  proc app(a: var PRope, b: string) = a = con(a, b)
-  proc prepend(a: var PRope, b: PRope) = a = con(b, a)
-
-  proc writeRope*(f: TFile, c: PRope) =
-    var stack = @[c]
-    while len(stack) > 0:
-      var it = pop(stack)
-      while it.L >= 0:
-        add(stack, it.right)
-        it = it.left
-        assert(it != nil)
-      assert(it.L < 0)
-      let L = -it.L
-      if writeBuffer(f, cstring(it.d), L) != L:
-        InternalError("cannot store file")
-
-  proc WriteRope*(head: PRope, filename: string, useWarning = false) =
-    var f: tfile
-    if open(f, filename, fmWrite):
-      if head != nil: WriteRope(f, head)
-      close(f)
-    else:
-      rawMessage(if useWarning: warnCannotOpenFile else: errCannotOpenFile,
-                 filename)
-
-  proc ropef(frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]): PRope = 
-    var i = 0
-    var length = len(frmt)
-    result = nil
-    var num = 0
-    while i <= length - 1: 
-      if frmt[i] == '$': 
-        inc(i)                  # skip '$'
-        case frmt[i]
-        of '$': 
-          app(result, "$")
-          inc(i)
-        of '#': 
-          inc(i)
-          app(result, args[num])
-          inc(num)
-        of '0'..'9': 
-          var j = 0
-          while true: 
-            j = (j * 10) + Ord(frmt[i]) - ord('0')
-            inc(i)
-            if (i > length + 0 - 1) or not (frmt[i] in {'0'..'9'}): break 
-          num = j
-          if j > high(args) + 1: 
-            internalError("ropes: invalid format string $" & $(j))
-          else:
-            app(result, args[j - 1])
-        of 'n':
-          if optLineDir notin gOptions: app(result, tnl)
-          inc i
-        of 'N':
-          app(result, tnl)
+      of '#': 
+        inc(i)
+        app(result, args[num])
+        inc(num)
+      of '0'..'9': 
+        var j = 0
+        while true: 
+          j = (j * 10) + Ord(frmt[i]) - ord('0')
           inc(i)
-        else: InternalError("ropes: invalid format string $" & frmt[i])
-      var start = i
-      while i < length:
-        if frmt[i] != '$': inc(i)
-        else: break
-      if i - 1 >= start: 
-        app(result, substr(frmt, start, i - 1))
-    assert(RopeInvariant(result))
-
-  proc appf(c: var PRope, frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]) = 
-    app(c, ropef(frmt, args))
-
-  const 
-    bufSize = 1024              # 1 KB is reasonable
-
-  proc auxRopeEqualsFile(r: PRope, bin: var tfile, buf: Pointer): bool = 
-    if r.L < 0:
-      if -r.L > bufSize: 
-        internalError("ropes: token too long")
-        return
-      var readBytes = readBuffer(bin, buf, -r.L)
-      result = readBytes == -r.L and
-          equalMem(buf, addr(r.d[0]), readBytes)
-    else:
-      result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r.left, bin, buf)
-      if result: result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r.right, bin, buf)
-    
-  proc RopeEqualsFile(r: PRope, f: string): bool = 
-    var bin: tfile
-    result = open(bin, f)
-    if not result: 
-      return                    # not equal if file does not exist
-    var buf = alloc(BufSize)
-    result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r, bin, buf)
-    if result: 
-      result = readBuffer(bin, buf, bufSize) == 0 # really at the end of file?
-    dealloc(buf)
-    close(bin)
-
-  proc newCrcFromRopeAux(r: PRope, startVal: TCrc32): TCrc32 = 
-    # XXX profiling shows this is actually expensive
-    var stack: TRopeSeq = @[r]
-    result = startVal
-    while len(stack) > 0: 
-      var it = pop(stack)
-      while it.L >= 0:
-        add(stack, it.right)
-        it = it.left
-      assert(it.L < 0)
-      var i = 0
-      var L = -it.L
-      while i < L:
-        result = updateCrc32(it.d[i], result)
+          if (i > length + 0 - 1) or not (frmt[i] in {'0'..'9'}): break 
+        num = j
+        if j > high(args) + 1: 
+          internalError("ropes: invalid format string $" & $(j))
+        else:
+          app(result, args[j - 1])
+      of 'n':
+        if optLineDir notin gOptions: app(result, tnl)
+        inc i
+      of 'N':
+        app(result, tnl)
         inc(i)
-
-  proc crcFromRope(r: PRope): TCrc32 = 
-    result = newCrcFromRopeAux(r, initCrc32)
-
-  proc writeRopeIfNotEqual(r: PRope, filename: string): bool = 
-    # returns true if overwritten
-    var c: TCrc32
-    c = crcFromFile(filename)
-    if c != crcFromRope(r): 
-      writeRope(r, filename)
-      result = true
-    else: 
-      result = false
+      else: InternalError("ropes: invalid format string $" & frmt[i])
+    var start = i
+    while i < length:
+      if frmt[i] != '$': inc(i)
+      else: break
+    if i - 1 >= start: 
+      app(result, substr(frmt, start, i - 1))
+  assert(RopeInvariant(result))
+
+proc appf(c: var PRope, frmt: TFormatStr, args: varargs[PRope]) = 
+  app(c, ropef(frmt, args))
+
+const 
+  bufSize = 1024              # 1 KB is reasonable
+
+proc auxRopeEqualsFile(r: PRope, bin: var tfile, buf: Pointer): bool = 
+  if r.data != nil:
+    if r.length > bufSize: 
+      internalError("ropes: token too long")
+      return
+    var readBytes = readBuffer(bin, buf, r.length)
+    result = readBytes == r.length and
+        equalMem(buf, addr(r.data[0]), r.length) # BUGFIX
+  else: 
+    result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r.left, bin, buf)
+    if result: result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r.right, bin, buf)
+  
+proc RopeEqualsFile(r: PRope, f: string): bool = 
+  var bin: tfile
+  result = open(bin, f)
+  if not result: 
+    return                    # not equal if file does not exist
+  var buf = alloc(BufSize)
+  result = auxRopeEqualsFile(r, bin, buf)
+  if result: 
+    result = readBuffer(bin, buf, bufSize) == 0 # really at the end of file?
+  dealloc(buf)
+  close(bin)
+
+proc crcFromRopeAux(r: PRope, startVal: TCrc32): TCrc32 = 
+  if r.data != nil: 
+    result = startVal
+    for i in countup(0, len(r.data) - 1): 
+      result = updateCrc32(r.data[i], result)
+  else: 
+    result = crcFromRopeAux(r.left, startVal)
+    result = crcFromRopeAux(r.right, result)
+
+proc newCrcFromRopeAux(r: PRope, startVal: TCrc32): TCrc32 = 
+  # XXX profiling shows this is actually expensive
+  var stack: TRopeSeq = @[r]
+  result = startVal
+  while len(stack) > 0: 
+    var it = pop(stack)
+    while it.data == nil: 
+      add(stack, it.right)
+      it = it.left
+    assert(it.data != nil)
+    var i = 0
+    var L = len(it.data)
+    while i < L: 
+      result = updateCrc32(it.data[i], result)
+      inc(i)
+
+proc crcFromRope(r: PRope): TCrc32 = 
+  result = newCrcFromRopeAux(r, initCrc32)
+
+proc writeRopeIfNotEqual(r: PRope, filename: string): bool = 
+  # returns true if overwritten
+  var c: TCrc32
+  c = crcFromFile(filename)
+  if c != crcFromRope(r): 
+    writeRope(r, filename)
+    result = true
+  else: 
+    result = false