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+#
+#
+#            Nim's Runtime Library
+#        (c) Copyright 2013 Andreas Rumpf
+#
+#    See the file "copying.txt", included in this
+#    distribution, for details about the copyright.
+#
+
+# Implementation of some runtime checks.
+include system/indexerrors
+when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
+  import std/formatfloat
+
+proc raiseRangeError(val: BiggestInt) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  when hostOS == "standalone":
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+  else:
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range: ", $val)
+
+proc raiseIndexError4(l1, h1, h2: int) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  sysFatal(IndexDefect, "index out of bounds: " & $l1 & ".." & $h1 & " notin 0.." & $(h2 - 1))
+
+proc raiseIndexError3(i, a, b: int) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  sysFatal(IndexDefect, formatErrorIndexBound(i, a, b))
+
+proc raiseIndexError2(i, n: int) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  sysFatal(IndexDefect, formatErrorIndexBound(i, n))
+
+proc raiseIndexError() {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  sysFatal(IndexDefect, "index out of bounds")
+
+proc raiseFieldError(f: string) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  ## remove after bootstrap > 1.5.1
+  sysFatal(FieldDefect, f)
+
+when defined(nimV2):
+  proc raiseFieldError2(f: string, discVal: int) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+    ## raised when field is inaccessible given runtime value of discriminant
+    sysFatal(FieldDefect, f & $discVal & "'")
+
+  proc raiseFieldErrorStr(f: string, discVal: string) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+    ## raised when field is inaccessible given runtime value of discriminant
+    sysFatal(FieldDefect, formatFieldDefect(f, discVal))
+else:
+  proc raiseFieldError2(f: string, discVal: string) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+    ## raised when field is inaccessible given runtime value of discriminant
+    sysFatal(FieldDefect, formatFieldDefect(f, discVal))
+
+proc raiseRangeErrorI(i, a, b: BiggestInt) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  when defined(standalone):
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+  else:
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range: " & $i & " notin " & $a & " .. " & $b)
+
+proc raiseRangeErrorF(i, a, b: float) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  when defined(standalone):
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+  else:
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range: " & $i & " notin " & $a & " .. " & $b)
+
+proc raiseRangeErrorU(i, a, b: uint64) {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  # todo: better error reporting
+  sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+
+proc raiseRangeErrorNoArgs() {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+
+proc raiseObjectConversionError() {.compilerproc, noinline.} =
+  sysFatal(ObjectConversionDefect, "invalid object conversion")
+
+proc chckIndx(i, a, b: int): int =
+  if i >= a and i <= b:
+    return i
+  else:
+    raiseIndexError3(i, a, b)
+
+proc chckRange(i, a, b: int): int =
+  if i >= a and i <= b:
+    return i
+  else:
+    raiseRangeError(i)
+
+proc chckRange64(i, a, b: int64): int64 {.compilerproc.} =
+  if i >= a and i <= b:
+    return i
+  else:
+    raiseRangeError(i)
+
+proc chckRangeU(i, a, b: uint64): uint64 {.compilerproc.} =
+  if i >= a and i <= b:
+    return i
+  else:
+    sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+
+proc chckRangeF(x, a, b: float): float =
+  if x >= a and x <= b:
+    return x
+  else:
+    when hostOS == "standalone":
+      sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range")
+    else:
+      sysFatal(RangeDefect, "value out of range: ", $x)
+
+proc chckNil(p: pointer) =
+  if p == nil:
+    sysFatal(NilAccessDefect, "attempt to write to a nil address")
+
+proc chckNilDisp(p: pointer) {.compilerproc.} =
+  if p == nil:
+    sysFatal(NilAccessDefect, "cannot dispatch; dispatcher is nil")
+
+when not defined(nimV2):
+
+  proc chckObj(obj, subclass: PNimType) {.compilerproc.} =
+    # checks if obj is of type subclass:
+    var x = obj
+    if x == subclass: return # optimized fast path
+    while x != subclass:
+      if x == nil:
+        sysFatal(ObjectConversionDefect, "invalid object conversion")
+      x = x.base
+
+  proc chckObjAsgn(a, b: PNimType) {.compilerproc, inline.} =
+    if a != b:
+      sysFatal(ObjectAssignmentDefect, "invalid object assignment")
+
+  type ObjCheckCache = array[0..1, PNimType]
+
+  proc isObjSlowPath(obj, subclass: PNimType;
+                    cache: var ObjCheckCache): bool {.noinline.} =
+    # checks if obj is of type subclass:
+    var x = obj.base
+    while x != subclass:
+      if x == nil:
+        cache[0] = obj
+        return false
+      x = x.base
+    cache[1] = obj
+    return true
+
+  proc isObjWithCache(obj, subclass: PNimType;
+                      cache: var ObjCheckCache): bool {.compilerproc, inline.} =
+    if obj == subclass: return true
+    if obj.base == subclass: return true
+    if cache[0] == obj: return false
+    if cache[1] == obj: return true
+    return isObjSlowPath(obj, subclass, cache)
+
+  proc isObj(obj, subclass: PNimType): bool {.compilerproc.} =
+    # checks if obj is of type subclass:
+    var x = obj
+    if x == subclass: return true # optimized fast path
+    while x != subclass:
+      if x == nil: return false
+      x = x.base
+    return true
+
+when defined(nimV2):
+  proc raiseObjectCaseTransition() {.compilerproc.} =
+    sysFatal(FieldDefect, "assignment to discriminant changes object branch")