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-rw-r--r--lib/core/hotcodereloading.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/core/locks.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/core/macros.nim16
-rw-r--r--lib/core/rlocks.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/core/typeinfo.nim17
-rw-r--r--lib/deprecated/pure/future.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/deprecated/pure/ospaths.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/deprecated/pure/oswalkdir.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/experimental/diff.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/impure/nre.nim12
-rw-r--r--lib/impure/nre/private/util.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/impure/rdstdin.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/impure/re.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/js/asyncjs.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/js/dom.nim11
-rw-r--r--lib/js/jsffi.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/js/jsre.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/nimbase.h45
-rw-r--r--lib/nimhcr.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/nimrtl.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/packages/docutils/dochelpers.nim3
-rw-r--r--lib/packages/docutils/highlite.nim27
-rw-r--r--lib/packages/docutils/rst.nim225
-rw-r--r--lib/packages/docutils/rstast.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/packages/docutils/rstgen.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/packages/docutils/rstidx.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/epoll.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/inotify.nim37
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/kqueue.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/linux.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/posix_macos_amd64.nim18
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/posix_openbsd_amd64.nim18
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/posix_utils.nim22
-rw-r--r--lib/posix/termios.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/algorithm.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/async.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asyncdispatch.nim58
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asyncfile.nim40
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asyncfutures.nim28
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asynchttpserver.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asyncmacro.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asyncnet.nim12
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/asyncstreams.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/base64.nim18
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/bitops.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/browsers.nim49
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/cgi.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/deques.nim121
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/hashcommon.nim5
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/heapqueue.nim15
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/lists.nim26
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/sequtils.nim25
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/setimpl.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/sets.nim10
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/sharedlist.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/sharedtables.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/tableimpl.nim33
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/collections/tables.nim59
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/colors.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/complex.nim89
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/concurrency/atomics.nim68
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/concurrency/cpuinfo.nim141
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/concurrency/cpuload.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/concurrency/threadpool.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/cookies.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/coro.nim5
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/distros.nim5
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/dynlib.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/encodings.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/fenv.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/hashes.nim232
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/htmlgen.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/htmlparser.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/httpclient.nim40
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/httpcore.nim11
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/includes/unicode_ranges.nim3913
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_epoll.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_kqueue.nim10
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_poll.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_select.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/json.nim25
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/lexbase.nim10
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/logging.nim15
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/marshal.nim5
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/math.nim88
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/md5.nim19
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/memfiles.nim74
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/mimetypes.nim2576
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/nativesockets.nim57
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/net.nim28
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/nimprof.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/oids.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/options.nim20
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/os.nim23
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/osproc.nim172
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parsecfg.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parsecsv.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parsejson.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parseopt.nim20
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parsesql.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parseutils.nim20
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/parsexml.nim8
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/pegs.nim16
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/random.nim49
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/rationals.nim34
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/reservedmem.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/ropes.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/segfaults.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/selectors.nim8
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/ssl_certs.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/stats.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/streams.nim17
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/streamwrapper.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/strformat.nim147
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/strmisc.nim15
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/strscans.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/strtabs.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/strutils.nim74
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/sugar.nim9
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/terminal.nim64
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/times.nim27
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/typetraits.nim36
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/unicode.nim21
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/unittest.nim9
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/volatile.nim12
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/xmlparser.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/pure/xmltree.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/cmdline.nim14
-rw-r--r--lib/std/decls.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/dirs.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/editdistance.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/effecttraits.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/enumerate.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/enumutils.nim17
-rw-r--r--lib/std/envvars.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/exitprocs.nim18
-rw-r--r--lib/std/files.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/formatfloat.nim37
-rw-r--r--lib/std/genasts.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/jsonutils.nim8
-rw-r--r--lib/std/monotimes.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/oserrors.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/outparams.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/packedsets.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/paths.nim12
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/gitutils.nim13
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/globs.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/jsutils.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/oscommon.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/osdirs.nim25
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/osfiles.nim35
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/ospaths2.nim22
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/ossymlinks.nim22
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/syslocks.nim28
-rw-r--r--lib/std/private/underscored_calls.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/setutils.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/sha1.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/socketstreams.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/symlinks.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/syncio.nim30
-rw-r--r--lib/std/sysatomics.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/sysrand.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/tasks.nim27
-rw-r--r--lib/std/tempfiles.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/std/time_t.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/typedthreads.nim94
-rw-r--r--lib/std/varints.nim12
-rw-r--r--lib/std/widestrs.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/std/with.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/wordwrap.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/std/wrapnils.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/system.nim239
-rw-r--r--lib/system/alloc.nim237
-rw-r--r--lib/system/ansi_c.nim9
-rw-r--r--lib/system/arc.nim45
-rw-r--r--lib/system/arithmetics.nim8
-rw-r--r--lib/system/cgprocs.nim10
-rw-r--r--lib/system/channels_builtin.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/comparisons.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/compilation.nim11
-rw-r--r--lib/system/embedded.nim5
-rw-r--r--lib/system/excpt.nim87
-rw-r--r--lib/system/fatal.nim14
-rw-r--r--lib/system/gc.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/gc_ms.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/hti.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/indices.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/system/iterators.nim62
-rw-r--r--lib/system/iterators_1.nim17
-rw-r--r--lib/system/jssys.nim199
-rw-r--r--lib/system/memory.nim1
-rw-r--r--lib/system/mm/go.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/nimscript.nim18
-rw-r--r--lib/system/orc.nim59
-rw-r--r--lib/system/repr.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/system/repr_v2.nim6
-rw-r--r--lib/system/reprjs.nim4
-rw-r--r--lib/system/seqs_v2.nim96
-rw-r--r--lib/system/strmantle.nim8
-rw-r--r--lib/system/strs_v2.nim18
-rw-r--r--lib/system/sysstr.nim71
-rw-r--r--lib/windows/winlean.nim2
-rw-r--r--lib/wrappers/openssl.nim16
203 files changed, 5736 insertions, 5380 deletions
diff --git a/lib/core/hotcodereloading.nim b/lib/core/hotcodereloading.nim
index 73f38402d..3a876885c 100644
--- a/lib/core/hotcodereloading.nim
+++ b/lib/core/hotcodereloading.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 when defined(hotcodereloading):
   import
-    macros
+    std/macros
 
   template beforeCodeReload*(body: untyped) =
     hcrAddEventHandler(true, proc = body) {.executeOnReload.}
diff --git a/lib/core/locks.nim b/lib/core/locks.nim
index ad0bff44d..523727479 100644
--- a/lib/core/locks.nim
+++ b/lib/core/locks.nim
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ proc initLock*(lock: var Lock) {.inline.} =
   when not defined(js):
     initSysLock(lock)
 
-proc deinitLock*(lock: var Lock) {.inline.} =
+proc deinitLock*(lock: Lock) {.inline.} =
   ## Frees the resources associated with the lock.
   deinitSys(lock)
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ proc initCond*(cond: var Cond) {.inline.} =
   ## Initializes the given condition variable.
   initSysCond(cond)
 
-proc deinitCond*(cond: var Cond) {.inline.} =
+proc deinitCond*(cond: Cond) {.inline.} =
   ## Frees the resources associated with the condition variable.
   deinitSysCond(cond)
 
diff --git a/lib/core/macros.nim b/lib/core/macros.nim
index 01a654b6c..7646b165c 100644
--- a/lib/core/macros.nim
+++ b/lib/core/macros.nim
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ type
     nnkFuncDef,
     nnkTupleConstr,
     nnkError,  ## erroneous AST node
+    nnkModuleRef, nnkReplayAction, nnkNilRodNode ## internal IC nodes
+    nnkOpenSym
 
   NimNodeKinds* = set[NimNodeKind]
   NimTypeKind* = enum  # some types are no longer used, see ast.nim
@@ -277,7 +279,7 @@ when (NimMajor, NimMinor, NimPatch) >= (1, 3, 5) or defined(nimSymImplTransform)
     ## note that code transformations are implementation dependent and subject to change.
     ## See an example in `tests/macros/tmacros_various.nim`.
 
-proc owner*(sym: NimNode): NimNode {.magic: "SymOwner", noSideEffect.}
+proc owner*(sym: NimNode): NimNode {.magic: "SymOwner", noSideEffect, deprecated.}
   ## Accepts a node of kind `nnkSym` and returns its owner's symbol.
   ## The meaning of 'owner' depends on `sym`'s `NimSymKind` and declaration
   ## context. For top level declarations this is an `nskModule` symbol,
@@ -347,8 +349,7 @@ proc getTypeImpl*(n: NimNode): NimNode {.magic: "NGetType", noSideEffect.} =
       newLit(x.getTypeImpl.repr)
     let t = """
 object
-  arr: array[0 .. 3, float32]
-"""
+  arr: array[0 .. 3, float32]"""
     doAssert(dumpTypeImpl(a) == t)
     doAssert(dumpTypeImpl(b) == t)
     doAssert(dumpTypeImpl(c) == t)
@@ -427,7 +428,12 @@ proc copyNimTree*(n: NimNode): NimNode {.magic: "NCopyNimTree", noSideEffect.} =
       let x = 12
       echo x
 
-proc error*(msg: string, n: NimNode = nil) {.magic: "NError", benign.}
+when defined(nimHasNoReturnError):
+  {.pragma: errorNoReturn, noreturn.}
+else:
+  {.pragma: errorNoReturn.}
+
+proc error*(msg: string, n: NimNode = nil) {.magic: "NError", benign, errorNoReturn.}
   ## Writes an error message at compile time. The optional `n: NimNode`
   ## parameter is used as the source for file and line number information in
   ## the compilation error message.
@@ -1403,7 +1409,7 @@ proc `$`*(node: NimNode): string =
     result = node.basename.strVal & "*"
   of nnkStrLit..nnkTripleStrLit, nnkCommentStmt, nnkSym, nnkIdent:
     result = node.strVal
-  of nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkClosedSymChoice:
+  of nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSym:
     result = $node[0]
   of nnkAccQuoted:
     result = ""
diff --git a/lib/core/rlocks.nim b/lib/core/rlocks.nim
index bee5c1655..8cb0cef05 100644
--- a/lib/core/rlocks.nim
+++ b/lib/core/rlocks.nim
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ proc initRLock*(lock: var RLock) {.inline.} =
   else:
     initSysLock(lock)
 
-proc deinitRLock*(lock: var RLock) {.inline.} =
+proc deinitRLock*(lock: RLock) {.inline.} =
   ## Frees the resources associated with the lock.
   deinitSys(lock)
 
diff --git a/lib/core/typeinfo.nim b/lib/core/typeinfo.nim
index 5075c8458..f2fee91c4 100644
--- a/lib/core/typeinfo.nim
+++ b/lib/core/typeinfo.nim
@@ -129,7 +129,9 @@ when not defined(gcDestructors):
 else:
   proc nimNewObj(size, align: int): pointer {.importCompilerProc.}
   proc newSeqPayload(cap, elemSize, elemAlign: int): pointer {.importCompilerProc.}
-  proc prepareSeqAdd(len: int; p: pointer; addlen, elemSize, elemAlign: int): pointer {.
+  proc prepareSeqAddUninit(len: int; p: pointer; addlen, elemSize, elemAlign: int): pointer {.
+    importCompilerProc.}
+  proc zeroNewElements(len: int; p: pointer; addlen, elemSize, elemAlign: int) {.
     importCompilerProc.}
 
 template `+!!`(a, b): untyped = cast[pointer](cast[int](a) + b)
@@ -159,16 +161,6 @@ proc newAny(value: pointer, rawType: PNimType): Any {.inline.} =
   result.value = value
   result.rawType = rawType
 
-when declared(system.VarSlot):
-  proc toAny*(x: VarSlot): Any {.inline.} =
-    ## Constructs an `Any` object from a variable slot `x`.
-    ## This captures `x`'s address, so `x` can be modified with its
-    ## `Any` wrapper! The caller needs to ensure that the wrapper
-    ## **does not** live longer than `x`!
-    ## This is provided for easier reflection capabilities of a debugger.
-    result.value = x.address
-    result.rawType = x.typ
-
 proc toAny*[T](x: var T): Any {.inline.} =
   ## Constructs an `Any` object from `x`. This captures `x`'s address, so
   ## `x` can be modified with its `Any` wrapper! The caller needs to ensure
@@ -221,7 +213,8 @@ proc extendSeq*(x: Any) =
     var s = cast[ptr NimSeqV2Reimpl](x.value)
     let elem = x.rawType.base
     if s.p == nil or s.p.cap < s.len+1:
-      s.p = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadReimpl](prepareSeqAdd(s.len, s.p, 1, elem.size, elem.align))
+      s.p = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadReimpl](prepareSeqAddUninit(s.len, s.p, 1, elem.size, elem.align))
+    zeroNewElements(s.len, s.p, 1, elem.size, elem.align)
     inc s.len
   else:
     var y = cast[ptr PGenSeq](x.value)[]
diff --git a/lib/deprecated/pure/future.nim b/lib/deprecated/pure/future.nim
index 3f7b63a30..0e06161f2 100644
--- a/lib/deprecated/pure/future.nim
+++ b/lib/deprecated/pure/future.nim
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 
 {.deprecated: "Use the new 'sugar' module instead".}
 
-import sugar
+import std/sugar
 export sugar
diff --git a/lib/deprecated/pure/ospaths.nim b/lib/deprecated/pure/ospaths.nim
index b57839d1a..43fcb17cc 100644
--- a/lib/deprecated/pure/ospaths.nim
+++ b/lib/deprecated/pure/ospaths.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 {.deprecated: "use `std/os` instead".}
 
-import os
+import std/os
 export ReadEnvEffect, WriteEnvEffect, ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect, OSErrorCode,
   doslikeFileSystem, CurDir, ParDir, DirSep, AltSep, PathSep, FileSystemCaseSensitive,
   ExeExt, ScriptExt, DynlibFormat, ExtSep, joinPath, `/`, splitPath, parentDir,
diff --git a/lib/deprecated/pure/oswalkdir.nim b/lib/deprecated/pure/oswalkdir.nim
index 866f9ed70..57a2cb81d 100644
--- a/lib/deprecated/pure/oswalkdir.nim
+++ b/lib/deprecated/pure/oswalkdir.nim
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-## This module is deprecated, `import os` instead.
-{.deprecated: "import os.nim instead".}
-import os
+## This module is deprecated, `import std/os` instead.
+{.deprecated: "import 'std/os' instead".}
+import std/os
 export PathComponent, walkDir, walkDirRec
diff --git a/lib/experimental/diff.nim b/lib/experimental/diff.nim
index 4ca5eb319..669e9f613 100644
--- a/lib/experimental/diff.nim
+++ b/lib/experimental/diff.nim
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ jkl"""
 # "An O(ND) Difference Algorithm and its Variations" by Eugene Myers
 # Algorithmica Vol. 1 No. 2, 1986, p 251.
 
-import tables, strutils
+import std/[tables, strutils]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/impure/nre.nim b/lib/impure/nre.nim
index 2c1b1deae..39d238055 100644
--- a/lib/impure/nre.nim
+++ b/lib/impure/nre.nim
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ runnableExamples:
   assert find("uxabc", re"(?<=x|y)ab", start = 1).get.captures[-1] == "ab"
   assert find("uxabc", re"ab", start = 3).isNone
 
-from pcre import nil
+from std/pcre import nil
 import nre/private/util
-import tables
-from strutils import `%`
-import options
-from unicode import runeLenAt
+import std/tables
+from std/strutils import `%`
+import std/options
+from std/unicode import runeLenAt
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -217,9 +217,11 @@ type
     ## code.
 
 proc destroyRegex(pattern: Regex) =
+  `=destroy`(pattern.pattern)
   pcre.free_substring(cast[cstring](pattern.pcreObj))
   if pattern.pcreExtra != nil:
     pcre.free_study(pattern.pcreExtra)
+  `=destroy`(pattern.captureNameToId)
 
 proc getinfo[T](pattern: Regex, opt: cint): T =
   let retcode = pcre.fullinfo(pattern.pcreObj, pattern.pcreExtra, opt, addr result)
diff --git a/lib/impure/nre/private/util.nim b/lib/impure/nre/private/util.nim
index d227dcba3..ed8420776 100644
--- a/lib/impure/nre/private/util.nim
+++ b/lib/impure/nre/private/util.nim
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ## INTERNAL FILE FOR USE ONLY BY nre.nim.
-import tables
+import std/tables
 
 const Ident = {'a'..'z', 'A'..'Z', '0'..'9', '_', '\128'..'\255'}
 const StartIdent = Ident - {'0'..'9'}
diff --git a/lib/impure/rdstdin.nim b/lib/impure/rdstdin.nim
index b0c648373..f4fc26380 100644
--- a/lib/impure/rdstdin.nim
+++ b/lib/impure/rdstdin.nim
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ elif defined(genode):
     stdin.readLine(line)
 
 else:
-  import linenoise
+  import std/linenoise
 
   proc readLineFromStdin*(prompt: string, line: var string): bool {.
                           tags: [ReadIOEffect, WriteIOEffect].} =
diff --git a/lib/impure/re.nim b/lib/impure/re.nim
index 5e84091c7..053c6ab55 100644
--- a/lib/impure/re.nim
+++ b/lib/impure/re.nim
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ runnableExamples:
     # can't match start of string since we're starting at 1
 
 import
-  pcre, strutils, rtarrays
+  std/[pcre, strutils, rtarrays]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
diff --git a/lib/js/asyncjs.nim b/lib/js/asyncjs.nim
index 8e2f85156..9b043f3e5 100644
--- a/lib/js/asyncjs.nim
+++ b/lib/js/asyncjs.nim
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ proc replaceReturn(node: var NimNode) =
       node[z] = nnkReturnStmt.newTree(value)
     elif son.kind == nnkAsgn and son[0].kind == nnkIdent and $son[0] == "result":
       node[z] = nnkAsgn.newTree(son[0], nnkCall.newTree(jsResolve, son[1]))
+    elif son.kind in RoutineNodes:
+      discard
     else:
       replaceReturn(son)
     inc z
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ since (1, 5, 1):
     else:
       type A = impl(onSuccess(default(T)))
     var ret: A
-    asm "`ret` = `future`.then(`onSuccess`, `onReject`)"
+    {.emit: "`ret` = `future`.then(`onSuccess`, `onReject`);".}
     return ret
 
   proc catch*[T](future: Future[T], onReject: OnReject): Future[void] =
@@ -264,4 +266,4 @@ since (1, 5, 1):
 
       discard main()
 
-    asm "`result` = `future`.catch(`onReject`)"
+    {.emit: "`result` = `future`.catch(`onReject`);".}
diff --git a/lib/js/dom.nim b/lib/js/dom.nim
index ceb0375b7..be2a34db1 100644
--- a/lib/js/dom.nim
+++ b/lib/js/dom.nim
@@ -1655,7 +1655,7 @@ proc item*(list: TouchList, i: int): Touch
 proc clearData*(dt: DataTransfer, format: cstring)
 proc getData*(dt: DataTransfer, format: cstring): cstring
 proc setData*(dt: DataTransfer, format: cstring, data: cstring)
-proc setDragImage*(dt: DataTransfer, img: Element, xOffset: int64, yOffset: int64)
+proc setDragImage*(dt: DataTransfer, img: Element, xOffset: int, yOffset: int)
 
 # DataTransferItem "methods"
 proc getAsFile*(dti: DataTransferItem): File
@@ -1682,7 +1682,6 @@ proc `$`*(s: Selection): string = $(s.toString())
 # Storage "methods"
 proc getItem*(s: Storage, key: cstring): cstring
 proc setItem*(s: Storage, key, value: cstring)
-proc hasItem*(s: Storage, key: cstring): bool
 proc clear*(s: Storage)
 proc removeItem*(s: Storage, key: cstring)
 
@@ -1832,3 +1831,11 @@ since (1, 7):
 
   proc matches*(self: Node; cssSelector: cstring): bool {.importjs: "(#.$1(#) || false)".}
     ## https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/matches
+
+
+since (2, 1):
+  type VisualViewport* {.importc.} = ref object of EventTarget
+    offsetLeft*, offsetTop*, pageLeft*, pageTop*, width*, height*, scale*: float
+    onResize*, onScroll*: proc (event: Event) {.closure.}
+
+  func visualViewport*(self: Window): VisualViewport {.importjs: "#.$1", nodecl.}
diff --git a/lib/js/jsffi.nim b/lib/js/jsffi.nim
index 08b1c6db9..d50d58ae5 100644
--- a/lib/js/jsffi.nim
+++ b/lib/js/jsffi.nim
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ proc replaceSyms(n: NimNode): NimNode =
     for i in 0..<n.len:
       result[i] = replaceSyms(n[i])
 
-macro bindMethod*(procedure: typed): auto =
+macro bindMethod*(procedure: typed): auto {.deprecated: "Don't use it with closures".} =
   ## Takes the name of a procedure and wraps it into a lambda missing the first
   ## argument, which passes the JavaScript builtin `this` as the first
   ## argument to the procedure. Returns the resulting lambda.
diff --git a/lib/js/jsre.nim b/lib/js/jsre.nim
index 69bd75c3b..2d931eb20 100644
--- a/lib/js/jsre.nim
+++ b/lib/js/jsre.nim
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func contains*(pattern: cstring; self: RegExp): bool =
     assert jsregex in r"abc"
     assert jsregex notin r"abcd"
     assert "xabc".contains jsregex
-  asm "`result` = `self`.test(`pattern`);"
+  {.emit: "`result` = `self`.test(`pattern`);".}
 
 func startsWith*(pattern: cstring; self: RegExp): bool =
   ## Tests if string starts with given RegExp
diff --git a/lib/nimbase.h b/lib/nimbase.h
index 3a1289b6f..cf0c8002b 100644
--- a/lib/nimbase.h
+++ b/lib/nimbase.h
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ __GNUC__
 __TINYC__
 __clang__
 __AVR__
+__arm__
+__EMSCRIPTEN__
 */
 
 
@@ -177,12 +179,13 @@ __AVR__
 #  define N_THISCALL_PTR(rettype, name) rettype (__thiscall *name)
 #  define N_SAFECALL_PTR(rettype, name) rettype (__stdcall *name)
 
-#  ifdef __cplusplus
-#    define N_LIB_EXPORT  NIM_EXTERNC __declspec(dllexport)
+#  ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT  NIM_EXTERNC __declspec(dllexport) __attribute__((used))
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT_VAR  __declspec(dllexport) __attribute__((used))
 #  else
 #    define N_LIB_EXPORT  NIM_EXTERNC __declspec(dllexport)
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT_VAR  __declspec(dllexport)
 #  endif
-#  define N_LIB_EXPORT_VAR  __declspec(dllexport)
 #  define N_LIB_IMPORT  extern __declspec(dllimport)
 #else
 #  define N_LIB_PRIVATE __attribute__((visibility("hidden")))
@@ -211,8 +214,13 @@ __AVR__
 #    define N_FASTCALL_PTR(rettype, name) rettype (*name)
 #    define N_SAFECALL_PTR(rettype, name) rettype (*name)
 #  endif
-#  define N_LIB_EXPORT NIM_EXTERNC __attribute__((visibility("default")))
-#  define N_LIB_EXPORT_VAR  __attribute__((visibility("default")))
+#  ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT NIM_EXTERNC __attribute__((visibility("default"), used))
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT_VAR  __attribute__((visibility("default"), used))
+#  else
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT NIM_EXTERNC __attribute__((visibility("default")))
+#    define N_LIB_EXPORT_VAR  __attribute__((visibility("default")))
+#  endif
 #  define N_LIB_IMPORT  extern
 #endif
 
@@ -265,11 +273,15 @@ __AVR__
 #elif defined(__cplusplus)
 #define NIM_STATIC_ASSERT(x, msg) static_assert((x), msg)
 #else
-#define NIM_STATIC_ASSERT(x, msg) typedef int NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_AUX[(x) ? 1 : -1];
+#define _NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_FINAL(x, append_name) typedef int NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_AUX ## append_name[(x) ? 1 : -1];
+#define _NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_STAGE_3(x, line)      _NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_FINAL(x, _AT_LINE_##line)
+#define _NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_STAGE_2(x, line)      _NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_STAGE_3(x, line)
+#define NIM_STATIC_ASSERT(x, msg)                _NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_STAGE_2(x,__LINE__)
 // On failure, your C compiler will say something like:
-//   "error: 'NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_AUX' declared as an array with a negative size"
-// we could use a better fallback to also show line number, using:
-// http://www.pixelbeat.org/programming/gcc/static_assert.html
+//   "error: 'NIM_STATIC_ASSERT_AUX_AT_LINE_XXX' declared as an array with a negative size"
+// Adding the line number helps to avoid redefinitions which are not allowed in
+// old GCC versions, however the order of evaluation for __LINE__ is a little tricky,
+// hence all the helper macros. See https://stackoverflow.com/a/3385694 for more info.
 #endif
 
 /* C99 compiler? */
@@ -466,7 +478,7 @@ typedef char* NCSTRING;
 /* declared size of a sequence/variable length array: */
 #if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__clang__)
 #  define SEQ_DECL_SIZE 1
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(_MSC_VER)
 #  define SEQ_DECL_SIZE /* empty is correct! */
 #else
 #  define SEQ_DECL_SIZE 1000000
@@ -573,9 +585,16 @@ NIM_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(NI) == sizeof(void*) && NIM_INTBITS == sizeof(NI)*8, "P
   #define nimMulInt64(a, b, res) __builtin_smulll_overflow(a, b, (long long int*)res)
 
   #if NIM_INTBITS == 32
-    #define nimAddInt(a, b, res) __builtin_sadd_overflow(a, b, res)
-    #define nimSubInt(a, b, res) __builtin_ssub_overflow(a, b, res)
-    #define nimMulInt(a, b, res) __builtin_smul_overflow(a, b, res)
+    #if defined(__arm__) && defined(__GNUC__)
+      /* arm-none-eabi-gcc targets defines int32_t as long int */
+      #define nimAddInt(a, b, res) __builtin_saddl_overflow(a, b, res)
+      #define nimSubInt(a, b, res) __builtin_ssubl_overflow(a, b, res)
+      #define nimMulInt(a, b, res) __builtin_smull_overflow(a, b, res)
+    #else
+      #define nimAddInt(a, b, res) __builtin_sadd_overflow(a, b, res)
+      #define nimSubInt(a, b, res) __builtin_ssub_overflow(a, b, res)
+      #define nimMulInt(a, b, res) __builtin_smul_overflow(a, b, res)
+    #endif
   #else
     /* map it to the 'long long' variant */
     #define nimAddInt(a, b, res) __builtin_saddll_overflow(a, b, (long long int*)res)
diff --git a/lib/nimhcr.nim b/lib/nimhcr.nim
index 2a74cc92d..e87bb2413 100644
--- a/lib/nimhcr.nim
+++ b/lib/nimhcr.nim
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ when defined(createNimHcr):
   when system.appType != "lib":
     {.error: "This file has to be compiled as a library!".}
 
-  import os, tables, sets, times, strutils, reservedmem, dynlib
+  import std/[os, tables, sets, times, strutils, reservedmem, dynlib]
 
   template trace(args: varargs[untyped]) =
     when defined(testNimHcr) or defined(traceHcr):
diff --git a/lib/nimrtl.nim b/lib/nimrtl.nim
index 93349b287..a2fb6ce60 100644
--- a/lib/nimrtl.nim
+++ b/lib/nimrtl.nim
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ when not defined(createNimRtl):
   {.error: "This file has to be compiled with '-d:createNimRtl'".}
 
 import
-  parseutils, strutils, parseopt, parsecfg, strtabs, unicode, pegs, ropes,
-  os, osproc, times, cstrutils
+  std/[parseutils, strutils, parseopt, parsecfg, strtabs, unicode, pegs, ropes,
+  os, osproc, times, cstrutils]
diff --git a/lib/packages/docutils/dochelpers.nim b/lib/packages/docutils/dochelpers.nim
index 7b257ffff..0a41d85b5 100644
--- a/lib/packages/docutils/dochelpers.nim
+++ b/lib/packages/docutils/dochelpers.nim
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
 ## `type LangSymbol`_ in ``rst.nim``, while `match(generated, docLink)`_
 ## matches it with `generated`, produced from `PNode` by ``docgen.rst``.
 
-import rstast, strutils
+import rstast
+import std/strutils
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
diff --git a/lib/packages/docutils/highlite.nim b/lib/packages/docutils/highlite.nim
index c3caf31b4..f8376f46c 100644
--- a/lib/packages/docutils/highlite.nim
+++ b/lib/packages/docutils/highlite.nim
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@
 ## as program output.
 
 import
-  strutils
-from algorithm import binarySearch
+  std/strutils
+from std/algorithm import binarySearch
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
@@ -324,17 +324,18 @@ proc nimNextToken(g: var GeneralTokenizer, keywords: openArray[string] = @[]) =
       pos = nimNumber(g, pos)
     of '\'':
       inc(pos)
-      g.kind = gtCharLit
-      while true:
-        case g.buf[pos]
-        of '\0', '\r', '\n':
-          break
-        of '\'':
-          inc(pos)
-          break
-        of '\\':
-          inc(pos, 2)
-        else: inc(pos)
+      if g.kind != gtPunctuation:
+        g.kind = gtCharLit
+        while true:
+          case g.buf[pos]
+          of '\0', '\r', '\n':
+            break
+          of '\'':
+            inc(pos)
+            break
+          of '\\':
+            inc(pos, 2)
+          else: inc(pos)
     of '\"':
       inc(pos)
       if (g.buf[pos] == '\"') and (g.buf[pos + 1] == '\"'):
diff --git a/lib/packages/docutils/rst.nim b/lib/packages/docutils/rst.nim
index a9bc4db91..706c50689 100644
--- a/lib/packages/docutils/rst.nim
+++ b/lib/packages/docutils/rst.nim
@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@
 ## turned on by passing ``options:`` [RstParseOptions] to [proc rstParse].
 
 import
-  os, strutils, rstast, dochelpers, std/enumutils, algorithm, lists, sequtils,
-  std/private/miscdollars, tables, strscans, rstidx
+  std/[os, strutils, enumutils, algorithm, lists, sequtils,
+  tables, strscans]
+import dochelpers, rstidx, rstast
+import std/private/miscdollars
 from highlite import SourceLanguage, getSourceLanguage
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -378,8 +380,8 @@ type
     kind: FootnoteType  # discriminator
     number: int         # valid for fnManualNumber (always) and fnAutoNumber,
                         # fnAutoNumberLabel after resolveSubs is called
-    autoNumIdx: int     # order of occurence: fnAutoNumber, fnAutoNumberLabel
-    autoSymIdx: int     # order of occurence: fnAutoSymbol
+    autoNumIdx: int     # order of occurrence: fnAutoNumber, fnAutoNumberLabel
+    autoSymIdx: int     # order of occurrence: fnAutoSymbol
     label: string       # valid for fnAutoNumberLabel
   RstFileTable* = object
     filenameToIdx*: Table[string, FileIndex]
@@ -1524,7 +1526,7 @@ proc parseMarkdownCodeblockFields(p: var RstParser): PRstNode =
     result = nil
   else:
     result = newRstNode(rnFieldList)
-  while currentTok(p).kind != tkIndent:
+  while currentTok(p).kind notin {tkIndent, tkEof}:
     if currentTok(p).kind == tkWhite:
       inc p.idx
     else:
@@ -1601,6 +1603,7 @@ proc parseMarkdownCodeblock(p: var RstParser): PRstNode =
   else:
     args = nil
   var n = newLeaf("")
+  var isFirstLine = true
   while true:
     if currentTok(p).kind == tkEof:
       rstMessage(p, meMissingClosing,
@@ -1612,7 +1615,8 @@ proc parseMarkdownCodeblock(p: var RstParser): PRstNode =
       inc p.idx, 2
       break
     elif currentTok(p).kind == tkIndent:
-      n.text.add "\n"
+      if not isFirstLine:
+        n.text.add "\n"
       if currentTok(p).ival > baseCol:
         n.text.add " ".repeat(currentTok(p).ival - baseCol)
       elif currentTok(p).ival < baseCol:
@@ -1622,6 +1626,7 @@ proc parseMarkdownCodeblock(p: var RstParser): PRstNode =
     else:
       n.text.add(currentTok(p).symbol)
       inc p.idx
+    isFirstLine = false
   result.sons[0] = args
   if result.sons[2] == nil:
     var lb = newRstNode(rnLiteralBlock)
@@ -3650,114 +3655,114 @@ proc preparePass2*(s: var PRstSharedState, mainNode: PRstNode, importdoc = true)
       loadIdxFile(s, origFilename)
 
 proc resolveLink(s: PRstSharedState, n: PRstNode) : PRstNode =
-    # Associate this link alias with its target and change node kind to
-    # rnHyperlink or rnInternalRef appropriately.
-    var desc, alias: PRstNode
-    if n.kind == rnPandocRef:  # link like [desc][alias]
-      desc = n.sons[0]
-      alias = n.sons[1]
-    else:  # n.kind == rnRstRef, link like `desc=alias`_
-      desc = n
-      alias = n
-    type LinkDef = object
-      ar: AnchorRule
-      priority: int
-      tooltip: string
-      target: PRstNode
-      info: TLineInfo
-      externFilename: string
-        # when external anchor: origin filename where anchor was defined
-      isTitle: bool
-    proc cmp(x, y: LinkDef): int =
-      result = cmp(x.priority, y.priority)
-      if result == 0:
-        result = cmp(x.target, y.target)
-    var foundLinks: seq[LinkDef]
-    let refn = rstnodeToRefname(alias)
-    var hyperlinks = findRef(s, refn)
-    for y in hyperlinks:
-      foundLinks.add LinkDef(ar: arHyperlink, priority: refPriority(y.kind),
-                             target: y.value, info: y.info,
-                             tooltip: "(" & $y.kind & ")")
-    let substRst = findMainAnchorRst(s, alias.addNodes, n.info)
-    template getExternFilename(subst: AnchorSubst): string =
-      if subst.kind == arExternalRst or
-          (subst.kind == arNim and subst.external):
-        getFilename(s, subst)
-      else: ""
-    for subst in substRst:
-      var refname, fullRefname: string
-      if subst.kind == arInternalRst:
-        refname = subst.target.anchor
-        fullRefname = refname
-      else:  # arExternalRst
-        refname = subst.refnameExt
-        fullRefname = s.idxImports[getFilename(s, subst)].linkRelPath &
-                        "/" & refname
-      let anchorType =
-        if subst.kind == arInternalRst: subst.anchorType
-        else: subst.anchorTypeExt  # arExternalRst
+  # Associate this link alias with its target and change node kind to
+  # rnHyperlink or rnInternalRef appropriately.
+  var desc, alias: PRstNode
+  if n.kind == rnPandocRef:  # link like [desc][alias]
+    desc = n.sons[0]
+    alias = n.sons[1]
+  else:  # n.kind == rnRstRef, link like `desc=alias`_
+    desc = n
+    alias = n
+  type LinkDef = object
+    ar: AnchorRule
+    priority: int
+    tooltip: string
+    target: PRstNode
+    info: TLineInfo
+    externFilename: string
+      # when external anchor: origin filename where anchor was defined
+    isTitle: bool
+  proc cmp(x, y: LinkDef): int =
+    result = cmp(x.priority, y.priority)
+    if result == 0:
+      result = cmp(x.target, y.target)
+  var foundLinks: seq[LinkDef]
+  let refn = rstnodeToRefname(alias)
+  var hyperlinks = findRef(s, refn)
+  for y in hyperlinks:
+    foundLinks.add LinkDef(ar: arHyperlink, priority: refPriority(y.kind),
+                           target: y.value, info: y.info,
+                           tooltip: "(" & $y.kind & ")")
+  let substRst = findMainAnchorRst(s, alias.addNodes, n.info)
+  template getExternFilename(subst: AnchorSubst): string =
+    if subst.kind == arExternalRst or
+        (subst.kind == arNim and subst.external):
+      getFilename(s, subst)
+    else: ""
+  for subst in substRst:
+    var refname, fullRefname: string
+    if subst.kind == arInternalRst:
+      refname = subst.target.anchor
+      fullRefname = refname
+    else:  # arExternalRst
+      refname = subst.refnameExt
+      fullRefname = s.idxImports[getFilename(s, subst)].linkRelPath &
+                      "/" & refname
+    let anchorType =
+      if subst.kind == arInternalRst: subst.anchorType
+      else: subst.anchorTypeExt  # arExternalRst
+    foundLinks.add LinkDef(ar: subst.kind, priority: subst.priority,
+                           target: newLeaf(fullRefname),
+                           info: subst.info,
+                           externFilename: getExternFilename(subst),
+                           isTitle: isDocumentationTitle(refname),
+                           tooltip: "(" & $anchorType & ")")
+  # find anchors automatically generated from Nim symbols
+  if roNimFile in s.options or s.nimFileImported:
+    let substNim = findMainAnchorNim(s, signature=alias, n.info)
+    for subst in substNim:
+      let fullRefname =
+        if subst.external:
+          s.idxImports[getFilename(s, subst)].linkRelPath &
+              "/" & subst.refname
+        else: subst.refname
       foundLinks.add LinkDef(ar: subst.kind, priority: subst.priority,
                              target: newLeaf(fullRefname),
-                             info: subst.info,
                              externFilename: getExternFilename(subst),
-                             isTitle: isDocumentationTitle(refname),
-                             tooltip: "(" & $anchorType & ")")
-    # find anchors automatically generated from Nim symbols
-    if roNimFile in s.options or s.nimFileImported:
-      let substNim = findMainAnchorNim(s, signature=alias, n.info)
-      for subst in substNim:
-        let fullRefname =
-          if subst.external:
-            s.idxImports[getFilename(s, subst)].linkRelPath &
-                "/" & subst.refname
-          else: subst.refname
-        foundLinks.add LinkDef(ar: subst.kind, priority: subst.priority,
-                               target: newLeaf(fullRefname),
-                               externFilename: getExternFilename(subst),
-                               isTitle: isDocumentationTitle(subst.refname),
-                               info: subst.info, tooltip: subst.tooltip)
-    foundLinks.sort(cmp = cmp, order = Descending)
-    let aliasStr = addNodes(alias)
-    if foundLinks.len >= 1:
+                             isTitle: isDocumentationTitle(subst.refname),
+                             info: subst.info, tooltip: subst.tooltip)
+  foundLinks.sort(cmp = cmp, order = Descending)
+  let aliasStr = addNodes(alias)
+  if foundLinks.len >= 1:
+    if foundLinks[0].externFilename != "":
+      s.idxImports[foundLinks[0].externFilename].used = true
+    let kind = if foundLinks[0].ar in {arHyperlink, arExternalRst}: rnHyperlink
+               elif foundLinks[0].ar == arNim:
+                 if foundLinks[0].externFilename == "": rnNimdocRef
+                 else: rnHyperlink
+               else: rnInternalRef
+    result = newRstNode(kind)
+    let documentName =  # filename without ext for `.nim`, title for `.md`
+      if foundLinks[0].ar == arNim:
+        changeFileExt(foundLinks[0].externFilename.extractFilename, "")
+      elif foundLinks[0].externFilename != "":
+        s.idxImports[foundLinks[0].externFilename].title
+      else: foundLinks[0].externFilename.extractFilename
+    let linkText =
       if foundLinks[0].externFilename != "":
-        s.idxImports[foundLinks[0].externFilename].used = true
-      let kind = if foundLinks[0].ar in {arHyperlink, arExternalRst}: rnHyperlink
-                 elif foundLinks[0].ar == arNim:
-                   if foundLinks[0].externFilename == "": rnNimdocRef
-                   else: rnHyperlink
-                 else: rnInternalRef
-      result = newRstNode(kind)
-      let documentName =  # filename without ext for `.nim`, title for `.md`
-        if foundLinks[0].ar == arNim:
-          changeFileExt(foundLinks[0].externFilename.extractFilename, "")
-        elif foundLinks[0].externFilename != "":
-          s.idxImports[foundLinks[0].externFilename].title
-        else: foundLinks[0].externFilename.extractFilename
-      let linkText =
-        if foundLinks[0].externFilename != "":
-          if foundLinks[0].isTitle: newLeaf(addNodes(desc))
-          else: newLeaf(documentName & ": " & addNodes(desc))
-        else:
-          newRstNode(rnInner, desc.sons)
-      result.sons = @[linkText, foundLinks[0].target]
-      if kind == rnNimdocRef: result.tooltip = foundLinks[0].tooltip
-      if foundLinks.len > 1:  # report ambiguous link
-        var targets = newSeq[string]()
-        for l in foundLinks:
-          var t = "    "
-          if s.filenames.len > 1:
-            t.add getFilename(s.filenames, l.info.fileIndex)
-          let n = l.info.line
-          let c = l.info.col + ColRstOffset
-          t.add "($1, $2): $3" % [$n, $c, l.tooltip]
-          targets.add t
-        rstMessage(s.filenames, s.msgHandler, n.info, mwAmbiguousLink,
-                   "`$1`\n  clash:\n$2" % [
-                     aliasStr, targets.join("\n")])
-    else:  # nothing found
-      result = n
-      rstMessage(s.filenames, s.msgHandler, n.info, mwBrokenLink, aliasStr)
+        if foundLinks[0].isTitle: newLeaf(addNodes(desc))
+        else: newLeaf(documentName & ": " & addNodes(desc))
+      else:
+        newRstNode(rnInner, desc.sons)
+    result.sons = @[linkText, foundLinks[0].target]
+    if kind == rnNimdocRef: result.tooltip = foundLinks[0].tooltip
+    if foundLinks.len > 1:  # report ambiguous link
+      var targets = newSeq[string]()
+      for l in foundLinks:
+        var t = "    "
+        if s.filenames.len > 1:
+          t.add getFilename(s.filenames, l.info.fileIndex)
+        let n = l.info.line
+        let c = l.info.col + ColRstOffset
+        t.add "($1, $2): $3" % [$n, $c, l.tooltip]
+        targets.add t
+      rstMessage(s.filenames, s.msgHandler, n.info, mwAmbiguousLink,
+                 "`$1`\n  clash:\n$2" % [
+                   aliasStr, targets.join("\n")])
+  else:  # nothing found
+    result = n
+    rstMessage(s.filenames, s.msgHandler, n.info, mwBrokenLink, aliasStr)
 
 proc resolveSubs*(s: PRstSharedState, n: PRstNode): PRstNode =
   ## Makes pass 2 of RST parsing.
diff --git a/lib/packages/docutils/rstast.nim b/lib/packages/docutils/rstast.nim
index c808318b5..2bbb0d0b8 100644
--- a/lib/packages/docutils/rstast.nim
+++ b/lib/packages/docutils/rstast.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## This module implements an AST for the `reStructuredText`:idx: parser.
 
-import strutils, json
+import std/[strutils, json]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/packages/docutils/rstgen.nim b/lib/packages/docutils/rstgen.nim
index f06e11de2..7fc0ac03a 100644
--- a/lib/packages/docutils/rstgen.nim
+++ b/lib/packages/docutils/rstgen.nim
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@
 ##   No backreferences are generated since finding all references of a footnote
 ##   can be done by simply searching for ``[footnoteName]``.
 
-import strutils, os, hashes, strtabs, rstast, rst, rstidx,
-  highlite, tables, sequtils,
-  algorithm, parseutils, std/strbasics
+import std/[strutils, os, hashes, strtabs, tables, sequtils,
+  algorithm, parseutils, strbasics]
 
+import rstast, rst, rstidx, highlite
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio, formatfloat]
diff --git a/lib/packages/docutils/rstidx.nim b/lib/packages/docutils/rstidx.nim
index 236b8361a..1472d28fd 100644
--- a/lib/packages/docutils/rstidx.nim
+++ b/lib/packages/docutils/rstidx.nim
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 
 ## Nim `idx`:idx: file format related definitions.
 
-import strutils, std/syncio, hashes
-from os import splitFile
+import std/[strutils, syncio, hashes]
+from std/os import splitFile
 
 type
   IndexEntryKind* = enum ## discriminator tag
diff --git a/lib/posix/epoll.nim b/lib/posix/epoll.nim
index 7ee062e4f..007488354 100644
--- a/lib/posix/epoll.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/epoll.nim
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-from posix import SocketHandle
+from std/posix import SocketHandle
 
 const
   EPOLLIN* = 0x00000001
diff --git a/lib/posix/inotify.nim b/lib/posix/inotify.nim
index 109d3680e..575accc18 100644
--- a/lib/posix/inotify.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/inotify.nim
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 # Structure describing an inotify event.
 type
   InotifyEvent* {.pure, final, importc: "struct inotify_event",
-                  header: "<sys/inotify.h>".} = object ## An Inotify event.
+                  header: "<sys/inotify.h>",
+                  completeStruct.} = object            ## An Inotify event.
     wd* {.importc: "wd".}: FileHandle                  ## Watch descriptor.
     mask* {.importc: "mask".}: uint32                  ## Watch mask.
     cookie* {.importc: "cookie".}: uint32              ## Cookie to synchronize two events.
     len* {.importc: "len".}: uint32                    ## Length (including NULs) of name.
-    name* {.importc: "name".}: char                    ## Name.
+    name* {.importc: "name".}: UncheckedArray[char]    ## Name.
 
 # Supported events suitable for MASK parameter of INOTIFY_ADD_WATCH.
 const
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ proc inotify_init*(): FileHandle {.cdecl, importc: "inotify_init",
 
 proc inotify_init1*(flags: cint): FileHandle {.cdecl, importc: "inotify_init1",
     header: "<sys/inotify.h>".}
-  ## Create and initialize inotify instance.
+  ## Like `inotify_init<#inotify_init>`_ ,
+  ## but has a flags argument that provides access to some extra functionality.
 
 proc inotify_add_watch*(fd: cint; name: cstring; mask: uint32): cint {.cdecl,
     importc: "inotify_add_watch", header: "<sys/inotify.h>".}
@@ -78,11 +80,18 @@ proc inotify_rm_watch*(fd: cint; wd: cint): cint {.cdecl,
 
 iterator inotify_events*(evs: pointer, n: int): ptr InotifyEvent =
   ## Abstract the packed buffer interface to yield event object pointers.
-  ##   ```Nim
-  ##   var evs = newSeq[byte](8192)        # Already did inotify_init+add_watch
-  ##   while (let n = read(fd, evs[0].addr, 8192); n) > 0:     # read forever
-  ##     for e in inotify_events(evs[0].addr, n): echo e[].len # echo name lens
-  ##   ```
+  runnableExamples("-r:off"):
+    when defined(linux):
+       import std/posix  # needed for FileHandle read procedure
+       const MaxWatches = 8192
+
+       let inotifyFd = inotify_init()  # create new inotify instance and get it's FileHandle
+       let wd = inotifyFd.inotify_add_watch("/tmp", IN_CREATE or IN_DELETE)  # Add new watch
+
+       var events: array[MaxWatches, byte]  # event buffer
+       while (let n = read(inotifyFd, addr events, MaxWatches); n) > 0:  # blocks until any events have been read
+         for e in inotify_events(addr events, n):
+           echo (e[].wd, e[].mask, cast[cstring](addr e[].name))    # echo watch id, mask, and name value of each event
   var ev: ptr InotifyEvent = cast[ptr InotifyEvent](evs)
   var n = n
   while n > 0:
@@ -93,8 +102,10 @@ iterator inotify_events*(evs: pointer, n: int): ptr InotifyEvent =
 
 runnableExamples:
   when defined(linux):
-    let inoty: FileHandle = inotify_init()           ## Create 1 Inotify.
-    doAssert inoty >= 0                              ## Check for errors (FileHandle is alias to cint).
-    let watchdoge: cint = inotify_add_watch(inoty, ".", IN_ALL_EVENTS) ## Add directory to watchdog.
-    doAssert watchdoge >= 0                          ## Check for errors.
-    doAssert inotify_rm_watch(inoty, watchdoge) >= 0 ## Remove directory from the watchdog
+    let inotifyFd = inotify_init()  # create and get new inotify FileHandle
+    doAssert inotifyFd >= 0         # check for errors
+
+    let wd = inotifyFd.inotify_add_watch("/tmp", IN_CREATE or IN_DELETE)  # Add new watch
+    doAssert wd >= 0                 # check for errors
+
+    discard inotifyFd.inotify_rm_watch(wd) # remove watch
diff --git a/lib/posix/kqueue.nim b/lib/posix/kqueue.nim
index c83ae33ea..2450cdb42 100644
--- a/lib/posix/kqueue.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/kqueue.nim
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-from posix import Timespec
+from std/posix import Timespec
 
 when defined(macosx) or defined(freebsd) or defined(openbsd) or
      defined(dragonfly):
diff --git a/lib/posix/linux.nim b/lib/posix/linux.nim
index 9a5e9f062..29fd4288d 100644
--- a/lib/posix/linux.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/linux.nim
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import posix
+import std/posix
 
 ## Flags of `clone` syscall.
 ## See `clone syscall manual
diff --git a/lib/posix/posix_macos_amd64.nim b/lib/posix/posix_macos_amd64.nim
index d6b5834cb..a4b64ed62 100644
--- a/lib/posix/posix_macos_amd64.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/posix_macos_amd64.nim
@@ -122,10 +122,14 @@ type
     ## used for block sizes
   Clock* {.importc: "clock_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   ClockId* {.importc: "clockid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
-  Dev* {.importc: "dev_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
+  Dev* {.importc: "dev_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = (
+    when defined(freebsd):
+      uint32
+    else:
+      int32)
   Fsblkcnt* {.importc: "fsblkcnt_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Fsfilcnt* {.importc: "fsfilcnt_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
-  Gid* {.importc: "gid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
+  Gid* {.importc: "gid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint32
   Id* {.importc: "id_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Ino* {.importc: "ino_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Key* {.importc: "key_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ type
     else:
       uint16
   )
-  Nlink* {.importc: "nlink_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int16
+  Nlink* {.importc: "nlink_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint16
   Off* {.importc: "off_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int64
   Pid* {.importc: "pid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
   Pthread_attr* {.importc: "pthread_attr_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
@@ -167,7 +171,7 @@ type
   Trace_event_set* {.importc: "trace_event_set_t",
                       header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Trace_id* {.importc: "trace_id_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
-  Uid* {.importc: "uid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
+  Uid* {.importc: "uid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint32
   Useconds* {.importc: "useconds_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
 
   Utsname* {.importc: "struct utsname",
@@ -462,9 +466,9 @@ type
                    header: "<netinet/in.h>".} = object ## struct sockaddr_in6
     sin6_family*: TSa_Family ## AF_INET6.
     sin6_port*: InPort      ## Port number.
-    sin6_flowinfo*: int32    ## IPv6 traffic class and flow information.
+    sin6_flowinfo*: uint32    ## IPv6 traffic class and flow information.
     sin6_addr*: In6Addr     ## IPv6 address.
-    sin6_scope_id*: int32    ## Set of interfaces for a scope.
+    sin6_scope_id*: uint32    ## Set of interfaces for a scope.
 
   Tipv6_mreq* {.importc: "struct ipv6_mreq", pure, final,
                 header: "<netinet/in.h>".} = object ## struct ipv6_mreq
@@ -491,7 +495,7 @@ type
                              ## alternative network names, terminated by a
                              ## null pointer.
     n_addrtype*: cint        ## The address type of the network.
-    n_net*: int32            ## The network number, in host byte order.
+    n_net*: uint32            ## The network number, in host byte order.
 
   Protoent* {.importc: "struct protoent", pure, final,
               header: "<netdb.h>".} = object ## struct protoent
diff --git a/lib/posix/posix_openbsd_amd64.nim b/lib/posix/posix_openbsd_amd64.nim
index 1ef4a4182..184cd89c0 100644
--- a/lib/posix/posix_openbsd_amd64.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/posix_openbsd_amd64.nim
@@ -131,15 +131,19 @@ type
     ## used for block sizes
   Clock* {.importc: "clock_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   ClockId* {.importc: "clockid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
-  Dev* {.importc: "dev_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
+  Dev* {.importc: "dev_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = (
+    when defined(freebsd):
+      uint32
+    else:
+      int32)
   Fsblkcnt* {.importc: "fsblkcnt_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Fsfilcnt* {.importc: "fsfilcnt_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
-  Gid* {.importc: "gid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
+  Gid* {.importc: "gid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint32
   Id* {.importc: "id_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Ino* {.importc: "ino_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Key* {.importc: "key_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Mode* {.importc: "mode_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint32
-  Nlink* {.importc: "nlink_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int16
+  Nlink* {.importc: "nlink_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint32
   Off* {.importc: "off_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int64
   Pid* {.importc: "pid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
   Pthread_attr* {.importc: "pthread_attr_t", header: "<pthread.h>".} = int
@@ -171,7 +175,7 @@ type
   Trace_event_set* {.importc: "trace_event_set_t",
                       header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
   Trace_id* {.importc: "trace_id_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
-  Uid* {.importc: "uid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int32
+  Uid* {.importc: "uid_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = uint32
   Useconds* {.importc: "useconds_t", header: "<sys/types.h>".} = int
 
   Utsname* {.importc: "struct utsname",
@@ -446,9 +450,9 @@ type
                    header: "<netinet/in.h>".} = object ## struct sockaddr_in6
     sin6_family*: TSa_Family ## AF_INET6.
     sin6_port*: InPort      ## Port number.
-    sin6_flowinfo*: int32    ## IPv6 traffic class and flow information.
+    sin6_flowinfo*: uint32    ## IPv6 traffic class and flow information.
     sin6_addr*: In6Addr     ## IPv6 address.
-    sin6_scope_id*: int32    ## Set of interfaces for a scope.
+    sin6_scope_id*: uint32    ## Set of interfaces for a scope.
 
   Tipv6_mreq* {.importc: "struct ipv6_mreq", pure, final,
                 header: "<netinet/in.h>".} = object ## struct ipv6_mreq
@@ -475,7 +479,7 @@ type
                              ## alternative network names, terminated by a
                              ## null pointer.
     n_addrtype*: cint        ## The address type of the network.
-    n_net*: int32            ## The network number, in host byte order.
+    n_net*: uint32            ## The network number, in host byte order.
 
   Protoent* {.importc: "struct protoent", pure, final,
               header: "<netdb.h>".} = object ## struct protoent
diff --git a/lib/posix/posix_utils.nim b/lib/posix/posix_utils.nim
index 7e4a2eeda..0c668246f 100644
--- a/lib/posix/posix_utils.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/posix_utils.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 # Where possible, contribute OS-independent procs in `os <os.html>`_ instead.
 
-import posix, parsecfg, os
+import std/[posix, parsecfg, os]
 import std/private/since
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ proc uname*(): Uname =
 
   var u: Utsname
   if uname(u) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
   result.sysname = charArrayToString u.sysname
   result.nodename = charArrayToString u.nodename
@@ -45,17 +45,17 @@ proc uname*(): Uname =
 proc fsync*(fd: int) =
   ## synchronize a file's buffer cache to the storage device
   if fsync(fd.cint) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc stat*(path: string): Stat =
   ## Returns file status in a `Stat` structure
   if stat(path.cstring, result) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc memoryLock*(a1: pointer, a2: int) =
   ## Locks pages starting from a1 for a1 bytes and prevent them from being swapped.
   if mlock(a1, a2) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc memoryLockAll*(flags: int) =
   ## Locks all memory for the running process to prevent swapping.
@@ -65,23 +65,23 @@ proc memoryLockAll*(flags: int) =
   ##   memoryLockAll(MCL_CURRENT or MCL_FUTURE)
   ##   ```
   if mlockall(flags.cint) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc memoryUnlock*(a1: pointer, a2: int) =
   ## Unlock pages starting from a1 for a1 bytes and allow them to be swapped.
   if munlock(a1, a2) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc memoryUnlockAll*() =
   ## Unlocks all memory for the running process to allow swapping.
   if munlockall() != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc sendSignal*(pid: Pid, signal: int) =
   ## Sends a signal to a running process by calling `kill`.
   ## Raise exception in case of failure e.g. process not running.
   if kill(pid, signal.cint) != 0:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc mkstemp*(prefix: string, suffix=""): (string, File) =
   ## Creates a unique temporary file from a prefix string. A six-character string
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ proc mkstemp*(prefix: string, suffix=""): (string, File) =
   var f: File
   if open(f, fd, fmReadWrite):
     return ($tmpl, f)
-  raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+  raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
 
 proc mkdtemp*(prefix: string): string =
   ## Creates a unique temporary directory from a prefix string. Adds a six chars suffix.
   ## The directory is created with permissions 0700. Returns the directory name.
   var tmpl = cstring(prefix & "XXXXXX")
   if mkdtemp(tmpl) == nil:
-    raise newException(OSError, $strerror(errno))
+    raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(errno))
   return $tmpl
 
 proc osReleaseFile*(): Config {.since: (1, 5).} =
diff --git a/lib/posix/termios.nim b/lib/posix/termios.nim
index f755c720d..7fb6bb81c 100644
--- a/lib/posix/termios.nim
+++ b/lib/posix/termios.nim
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-import posix
+import std/posix
 
 type
   Speed* = cuint
diff --git a/lib/pure/algorithm.nim b/lib/pure/algorithm.nim
index 65402e9fb..b12ed7cdd 100644
--- a/lib/pure/algorithm.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/algorithm.nim
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ func sort*[T](a: var openArray[T],
   ##   ```
   ##
   ## You can inline adhoc comparison procs with the `do notation
-  ## <manual_experimental.html#do-notation>`_. Example:
+  ## <manual.html#procedures-do-notation>`_. Example:
   ##
   ##   ```nim
   ##   people.sort do (x, y: Person) -> int:
diff --git a/lib/pure/async.nim b/lib/pure/async.nim
index 249c5f639..e4d8d41c3 100644
--- a/lib/pure/async.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/async.nim
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 ## and [asyncjs](asyncjs.html) on the JS backend. 
 
 when defined(js):
-  import asyncjs
+  import std/asyncjs
   export asyncjs
 else:
-  import asyncmacro, asyncfutures
+  import std/[asyncmacro, asyncfutures]
   export asyncmacro, asyncfutures
diff --git a/lib/pure/asyncdispatch.nim b/lib/pure/asyncdispatch.nim
index 24c1ec3d5..126db7a7f 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asyncdispatch.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asyncdispatch.nim
@@ -226,11 +226,11 @@
 ## ``none`` can be used when a library supports both a synchronous and
 ## asynchronous API, to disable the latter.
 
-import os, tables, strutils, times, heapqueue, options, asyncstreams
-import options, math, std/monotimes
-import asyncfutures except callSoon
+import std/[os, tables, strutils, times, heapqueue, options, asyncstreams]
+import std/[math, monotimes]
+import std/asyncfutures except callSoon
 
-import nativesockets, net, deques
+import std/[nativesockets, net, deques]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ template implementSetInheritable() {.dirty.} =
       fd.FileHandle.setInheritable(inheritable)
 
 when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
-  import winlean, sets, hashes
+  import std/[winlean, sets, hashes]
   type
     CompletionKey = ULONG_PTR
 
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
             if flags.isDisconnectionError(errcode):
               retFuture.complete("")
             else:
-              retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+              retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
         if dataBuf.buf != nil:
           dealloc dataBuf.buf
           dataBuf.buf = nil
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
         if flags.isDisconnectionError(err):
           retFuture.complete("")
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     elif ret == 0:
       # Request completed immediately.
       if bytesReceived != 0:
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
             if flags.isDisconnectionError(errcode):
               retFuture.complete(0)
             else:
-              retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+              retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
         if dataBuf.buf != nil:
           dataBuf.buf = nil
     )
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
         if flags.isDisconnectionError(err):
           retFuture.complete(0)
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     elif ret == 0:
       # Request completed immediately.
       if bytesReceived != 0:
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
         if flags.isDisconnectionError(err):
           retFuture.complete()
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       retFuture.complete()
       # We don't deallocate `ol` here because even though this completed
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
           if errcode == OSErrorCode(-1):
             retFuture.complete()
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
     )
 
     let ret = WSASendTo(socket.SocketHandle, addr dataBuf, 1, addr bytesSent,
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
       let err = osLastError()
       if err.int32 != ERROR_IO_PENDING:
         GC_unref(ol)
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       retFuture.complete()
       # We don't deallocate `ol` here because even though this completed
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
           else:
             # datagram sockets don't have disconnection,
             # so we can just raise an exception
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
     )
 
     let res = WSARecvFrom(socket.SocketHandle, addr dataBuf, 1,
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
       let err = osLastError()
       if err.int32 != ERROR_IO_PENDING:
         GC_unref(ol)
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       # Request completed immediately.
       if bytesReceived != 0:
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
             else:
               retFuture.complete(newAcceptFut.read)
       else:
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
 
     template completeAccept() {.dirty.} =
       var listenSock = socket
@@ -1166,11 +1166,11 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
 
   initAll()
 else:
-  import selectors
-  from posix import EINTR, EAGAIN, EINPROGRESS, EWOULDBLOCK, MSG_PEEK,
+  import std/selectors
+  from std/posix import EINTR, EAGAIN, EINPROGRESS, EWOULDBLOCK, MSG_PEEK,
                     MSG_NOSIGNAL
   when declared(posix.accept4):
-    from posix import accept4, SOCK_CLOEXEC
+    from std/posix import accept4, SOCK_CLOEXEC
   when defined(genode):
     import genode/env # get the implicit Genode env
     import genode/signals
@@ -1468,7 +1468,7 @@ else:
           if flags.isDisconnectionError(lastError):
             retFuture.complete("")
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       elif res == 0:
@@ -1497,7 +1497,7 @@ else:
           if flags.isDisconnectionError(lastError):
             retFuture.complete(0)
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       else:
@@ -1563,7 +1563,7 @@ else:
         let lastError = osLastError()
         if lastError.int32 != EINTR and lastError.int32 != EWOULDBLOCK and
            lastError.int32 != EAGAIN:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       else:
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ else:
         let lastError = osLastError()
         if lastError.int32 != EINTR and lastError.int32 != EWOULDBLOCK and
            lastError.int32 != EAGAIN:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false
       else:
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ else:
           if flags.isDisconnectionError(lastError):
             return false
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
       else:
         try:
           let address = getAddrString(cast[ptr SockAddr](addr sockAddress))
@@ -1763,7 +1763,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
             socket.SocketHandle.setSockOptInt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_UPDATE_CONNECT_CONTEXT, 1) # 15022
             retFuture.complete()
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
     )
 
     let ret = connectEx(socket.SocketHandle, addrInfo.ai_addr,
@@ -1781,7 +1781,7 @@ when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
         # With ERROR_IO_PENDING `ol` will be deallocated in `poll`,
         # and the future will be completed/failed there, too.
         GC_unref(ol)
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
 else:
   proc doConnect(socket: AsyncFD, addrInfo: ptr AddrInfo): owned(Future[void]) =
     let retFuture = newFuture[void]("doConnect")
@@ -1798,7 +1798,7 @@ else:
         # interrupted, keep waiting
         return false
       else:
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(OSErrorCode(ret))))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(OSErrorCode(ret)))
         return true
 
     let ret = connect(socket.SocketHandle,
@@ -1812,7 +1812,7 @@ else:
       if lastError.int32 == EINTR or lastError.int32 == EINPROGRESS:
         addWrite(socket, cb)
       else:
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
 
 template asyncAddrInfoLoop(addrInfo: ptr AddrInfo, fd: untyped,
                            protocol: Protocol = IPPROTO_RAW) =
@@ -1994,7 +1994,7 @@ proc send*(socket: AsyncFD, data: string,
   return retFuture
 
 # -- Await Macro
-import asyncmacro
+import std/asyncmacro
 export asyncmacro
 
 proc readAll*(future: FutureStream[string]): owned(Future[string]) {.async.} =
@@ -2032,7 +2032,7 @@ proc activeDescriptors*(): int {.inline.} =
     result = getGlobalDispatcher().selector.count
 
 when defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
 when defined(linux) or defined(windows) or defined(macosx) or defined(bsd) or
        defined(solaris) or defined(zephyr) or defined(freertos) or defined(nuttx) or defined(haiku):
diff --git a/lib/pure/asyncfile.nim b/lib/pure/asyncfile.nim
index 96d5e6d2e..0f6504342 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asyncfile.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asyncfile.nim
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 ##   waitFor main()
 ##   ```
 
-import asyncdispatch, os
+import std/[asyncdispatch, os]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 # TODO: Fix duplication introduced by PR #4683.
 
 when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
 else:
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
 type
   AsyncFile* = ref object
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ proc readBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[int] =
             if errcode.int32 == ERROR_HANDLE_EOF:
               retFuture.complete(0)
             else:
-              retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+              retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
     )
     ol.offset = DWORD(f.offset and 0xffffffff)
     ol.offsetHigh = DWORD(f.offset shr 32)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ proc readBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[int] =
           # This happens in Windows Server 2003
           retFuture.complete(0)
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       # Request completed immediately.
       var bytesRead: DWORD
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ proc readBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[int] =
         if err.int32 == ERROR_HANDLE_EOF:
           retFuture.complete(0)
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(osLastError())))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(osLastError()))
       else:
         assert bytesRead > 0
         assert bytesRead <= size
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ proc readBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[int] =
       if res < 0:
         let lastError = osLastError()
         if lastError.int32 != EAGAIN:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       elif res == 0:
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ proc read*(f: AsyncFile, size: int): Future[string] =
             if errcode.int32 == ERROR_HANDLE_EOF:
               retFuture.complete("")
             else:
-              retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+              retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
         if buffer != nil:
           dealloc buffer
           buffer = nil
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ proc read*(f: AsyncFile, size: int): Future[string] =
           # This happens in Windows Server 2003
           retFuture.complete("")
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       # Request completed immediately.
       var bytesRead: DWORD
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ proc read*(f: AsyncFile, size: int): Future[string] =
         if err.int32 == ERROR_HANDLE_EOF:
           retFuture.complete("")
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(osLastError())))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(osLastError()))
       else:
         assert bytesRead > 0
         assert bytesRead <= size
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ proc read*(f: AsyncFile, size: int): Future[string] =
       if res < 0:
         let lastError = osLastError()
         if lastError.int32 != EAGAIN:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       elif res == 0:
@@ -301,6 +301,8 @@ proc readLine*(f: AsyncFile): Future[string] {.async.} =
   result = ""
   while true:
     var c = await read(f, 1)
+    if c.len == 0:
+      break
     if c[0] == '\c':
       c = await read(f, 1)
       break
@@ -348,7 +350,7 @@ proc writeBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[void] =
             assert bytesCount == size.int32
             retFuture.complete()
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
     )
     # passing -1 here should work according to MSDN, but doesn't. For more
     # information see
@@ -365,14 +367,14 @@ proc writeBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[void] =
       let err = osLastError()
       if err.int32 != ERROR_IO_PENDING:
         GC_unref(ol)
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       # Request completed immediately.
       var bytesWritten: DWORD
       let overlappedRes = getOverlappedResult(f.fd.Handle,
           cast[POVERLAPPED](ol), bytesWritten, false.WINBOOL)
       if not overlappedRes.bool:
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(osLastError())))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(osLastError()))
       else:
         assert bytesWritten == size.int32
         retFuture.complete()
@@ -387,7 +389,7 @@ proc writeBuffer*(f: AsyncFile, buf: pointer, size: int): Future[void] =
       if res < 0:
         let lastError = osLastError()
         if lastError.int32 != EAGAIN:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       else:
@@ -421,7 +423,7 @@ proc write*(f: AsyncFile, data: string): Future[void] =
             assert bytesCount == data.len.int32
             retFuture.complete()
           else:
-            retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(errcode)))
+            retFuture.fail(newOSError(errcode))
         if buffer != nil:
           dealloc buffer
           buffer = nil
@@ -440,14 +442,14 @@ proc write*(f: AsyncFile, data: string): Future[void] =
           dealloc buffer
           buffer = nil
         GC_unref(ol)
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(err)))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(err))
     else:
       # Request completed immediately.
       var bytesWritten: DWORD
       let overlappedRes = getOverlappedResult(f.fd.Handle,
           cast[POVERLAPPED](ol), bytesWritten, false.WINBOOL)
       if not overlappedRes.bool:
-        retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(osLastError())))
+        retFuture.fail(newOSError(osLastError()))
       else:
         assert bytesWritten == data.len.int32
         retFuture.complete()
@@ -468,7 +470,7 @@ proc write*(f: AsyncFile, data: string): Future[void] =
       if res < 0:
         let lastError = osLastError()
         if lastError.int32 != EAGAIN:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
         else:
           result = false # We still want this callback to be called.
       else:
diff --git a/lib/pure/asyncfutures.nim b/lib/pure/asyncfutures.nim
index 51aaaca36..29ebf8f89 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asyncfutures.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asyncfutures.nim
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-import os, tables, strutils, times, heapqueue, options, deques, cstrutils
+import std/[os, tables, strutils, times, heapqueue, options, deques, cstrutils, typetraits]
 
 import system/stacktraces
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ const
   NimAsyncContinueSuffix* = "NimAsyncContinue" ## For internal usage. Do not use.
 
 when isFutureLoggingEnabled:
-  import hashes
+  import std/hashes
   type
     FutureInfo* = object
       stackTrace*: seq[StackTraceEntry]
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ proc add(callbacks: var CallbackList, function: CallbackFunc) =
         last = last.next
       last.next = newCallback
 
-proc completeImpl[T, U](future: Future[T], val: U, isVoid: static bool) =
+proc completeImpl[T, U](future: Future[T], val: sink U, isVoid: static bool) =
   #assert(not future.finished, "Future already finished, cannot finish twice.")
   checkFinished(future)
   assert(future.error == nil)
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ proc completeImpl[T, U](future: Future[T], val: U, isVoid: static bool) =
   future.callbacks.call()
   when isFutureLoggingEnabled: logFutureFinish(future)
 
-proc complete*[T](future: Future[T], val: T) =
+proc complete*[T](future: Future[T], val: sink T) =
   ## Completes `future` with value `val`.
   completeImpl(future, val, false)
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ proc complete*[T](future: FutureVar[T]) =
   fut.callbacks.call()
   when isFutureLoggingEnabled: logFutureFinish(Future[T](future))
 
-proc complete*[T](future: FutureVar[T], val: T) =
+proc complete*[T](future: FutureVar[T], val: sink T) =
   ## Completes a `FutureVar` with value `val`.
   ##
   ## Any previously stored value will be overwritten.
@@ -370,11 +370,7 @@ proc injectStacktrace[T](future: Future[T]) =
     #   newMsg.add "\n" & $entry
     future.error.msg = newMsg
 
-proc read*[T](future: Future[T] | FutureVar[T]): T =
-  ## Retrieves the value of `future`. Future must be finished otherwise
-  ## this function will fail with a `ValueError` exception.
-  ##
-  ## If the result of the future is an error then that error will be raised.
+template readImpl(future, T) =
   when future is Future[T]:
     let fut {.cursor.} = future
   else:
@@ -384,11 +380,21 @@ proc read*[T](future: Future[T] | FutureVar[T]): T =
       injectStacktrace(fut)
       raise fut.error
     when T isnot void:
-      result = fut.value
+      result = distinctBase(future).value
   else:
     # TODO: Make a custom exception type for this?
     raise newException(ValueError, "Future still in progress.")
 
+proc read*[T](future: Future[T] | FutureVar[T]): lent T =
+  ## Retrieves the value of `future`. Future must be finished otherwise
+  ## this function will fail with a `ValueError` exception.
+  ##
+  ## If the result of the future is an error then that error will be raised.
+  readImpl(future, T)
+
+proc read*(future: Future[void] | FutureVar[void]) =
+  readImpl(future, void)
+
 proc readError*[T](future: Future[T]): ref Exception =
   ## Retrieves the exception stored in `future`.
   ##
diff --git a/lib/pure/asynchttpserver.nim b/lib/pure/asynchttpserver.nim
index 07eed9a51..39e945d5e 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asynchttpserver.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asynchttpserver.nim
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ runnableExamples("-r:off"):
 
   waitFor main()
 
-import asyncnet, asyncdispatch, parseutils, uri, strutils
-import httpcore
-from nativesockets import getLocalAddr, Domain, AF_INET, AF_INET6
+import std/[asyncnet, asyncdispatch, parseutils, uri, strutils]
+import std/httpcore
+from std/nativesockets import getLocalAddr, Domain, AF_INET, AF_INET6
 import std/private/since
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
diff --git a/lib/pure/asyncmacro.nim b/lib/pure/asyncmacro.nim
index a026e159e..d4e72c28a 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asyncmacro.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asyncmacro.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## Implements the `async` and `multisync` macros for `asyncdispatch`.
 
-import macros, strutils, asyncfutures
+import std/[macros, strutils, asyncfutures]
 
 type
   Context = ref object
diff --git a/lib/pure/asyncnet.nim b/lib/pure/asyncnet.nim
index 2fc8d366e..ee07e599e 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asyncnet.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asyncnet.nim
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ import std/private/since
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
 
-import asyncdispatch, nativesockets, net, os
+import std/[asyncdispatch, nativesockets, net, os]
 
 export SOBool
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ const useNimNetLite = defined(nimNetLite) or defined(freertos) or defined(zephyr
     defined(nuttx)
 
 when defineSsl:
-  import openssl
+  import std/openssl
 
 type
   # TODO: I would prefer to just do:
@@ -682,12 +682,12 @@ when defined(posix) and not useNimNetLite:
         elif ret == EINTR:
           return false
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(OSErrorCode(ret))))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(OSErrorCode(ret)))
           return true
 
       var socketAddr = makeUnixAddr(path)
       let ret = socket.fd.connect(cast[ptr SockAddr](addr socketAddr),
-                        (sizeof(socketAddr.sun_family) + path.len).SockLen)
+                        (offsetOf(socketAddr, sun_path) + path.len + 1).SockLen)
       if ret == 0:
         # Request to connect completed immediately.
         retFuture.complete()
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ when defined(posix) and not useNimNetLite:
         if lastError.int32 == EINTR or lastError.int32 == EINPROGRESS:
           addWrite(AsyncFD(socket.fd), cb)
         else:
-          retFuture.fail(newException(OSError, osErrorMsg(lastError)))
+          retFuture.fail(newOSError(lastError))
 
   proc bindUnix*(socket: AsyncSocket, path: string) {.
     tags: [ReadIOEffect].} =
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ when defined(posix) and not useNimNetLite:
     when not defined(nimdoc):
       var socketAddr = makeUnixAddr(path)
       if socket.fd.bindAddr(cast[ptr SockAddr](addr socketAddr),
-          (sizeof(socketAddr.sun_family) + path.len).SockLen) != 0'i32:
+          (offsetOf(socketAddr, sun_path) + path.len + 1).SockLen) != 0'i32:
         raiseOSError(osLastError())
 
 elif defined(nimdoc):
diff --git a/lib/pure/asyncstreams.nim b/lib/pure/asyncstreams.nim
index 3f7774ed8..c97b98d55 100644
--- a/lib/pure/asyncstreams.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/asyncstreams.nim
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 
 ## Unstable API.
 
-import asyncfutures
+import std/asyncfutures
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
-import deques
+import std/deques
 
 type
   FutureStream*[T] = ref object ## Special future that acts as
diff --git a/lib/pure/base64.nim b/lib/pure/base64.nim
index 795820433..591d22cc0 100644
--- a/lib/pure/base64.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/base64.nim
@@ -66,15 +66,11 @@ template cbBase(a, b): untyped = [
   'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
   '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', a, b]
 
-let
+const
   cb64 = cbBase('+', '/')
   cb64safe = cbBase('-', '_')
 
 const
-  cb64VM = cbBase('+', '/')
-  cb64safeVM = cbBase('-', '_')
-
-const
   invalidChar = 255
 
 template encodeSize(size: int): int = (size * 4 div 3) + 6
@@ -134,14 +130,10 @@ template encodeInternal(s, alphabet: typed): untyped =
   result.setLen(outputIndex)
 
 template encodeImpl() {.dirty.} =
-  when nimvm:
-    block:
-      let lookupTableVM = if safe: cb64safeVM else: cb64VM
-      encodeInternal(s, lookupTableVM)
+  if safe:
+    encodeInternal(s, cb64safe)
   else:
-    block:
-      let lookupTable = if safe: unsafeAddr(cb64safe) else: unsafeAddr(cb64)
-      encodeInternal(s, lookupTable)
+    encodeInternal(s, cb64)
 
 proc encode*[T: byte|char](s: openArray[T], safe = false): string =
   ## Encodes `s` into base64 representation.
@@ -252,7 +244,7 @@ proc decode*(s: string): string =
     inputLen = s.len
     inputEnds = 0
   # strip trailing characters
-  while s[inputLen - 1] in {'\n', '\r', ' ', '='}:
+  while inputLen > 0 and s[inputLen - 1] in {'\n', '\r', ' ', '='}:
     dec inputLen
   # hot loop: read 4 characters at at time
   inputEnds = inputLen - 4
diff --git a/lib/pure/bitops.nim b/lib/pure/bitops.nim
index d19c3d248..0d3351ee5 100644
--- a/lib/pure/bitops.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/bitops.nim
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 ## At this time only `fastLog2`, `firstSetBit`, `countLeadingZeroBits` and `countTrailingZeroBits`
 ## may return undefined and/or platform dependent values if given invalid input.
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 import std/private/since
 from std/private/bitops_utils import forwardImpl, castToUnsigned
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ type BitsRange*[T] = range[0..sizeof(T)*8-1]
 
 template typeMasked[T: SomeInteger](x: T): T =
   when defined(js):
-    x and ((0xffffffff_ffffffff'u shr (64 - sizeof(T) * 8)))
+    T(x and ((0xffffffff_ffffffff'u shr (64 - sizeof(T) * 8))))
   else:
     x
 
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ elif useVCC_builtins:
       importc: "_BitScanForward64", header: "<intrin.h>".}
 
   template vcc_scan_impl(fnc: untyped; v: untyped): int =
-    var index: culong
+    var index {.inject.}: culong = 0
     discard fnc(index.addr, v)
     index.int
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/browsers.nim b/lib/pure/browsers.nim
index a98d9d5b8..59e2078df 100644
--- a/lib/pure/browsers.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/browsers.nim
@@ -12,22 +12,22 @@
 ##
 ## Unstable API.
 
-import std/private/since
+import std/private/since # used by the deprecated `openDefaultBrowser()`
 
-import strutils
+import std/strutils
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
   when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
     import std/widestrs
-  from os import absolutePath
+  from std/os import absolutePath
 else:
-  import os
+  import std/os
   when not defined(osx):
-    import osproc
+    import std/osproc
 
 const osOpenCmd* =
   when defined(macos) or defined(macosx) or defined(windows): "open" else: "xdg-open" ## \
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ proc prepare(s: string): string =
   else:
     result = "file://" & absolutePath(s)
 
-proc openDefaultBrowserImplPrep(url: string) =
+proc openDefaultBrowserRaw(url: string) =
   ## note the url argument should be alreadly prepared, i.e. the url is passed "AS IS"
 
   when defined(windows):
@@ -60,9 +60,6 @@ proc openDefaultBrowserImplPrep(url: string) =
       except OSError:
         discard
 
-proc openDefaultBrowserImpl(url: string) =
-  openDefaultBrowserImplPrep(prepare url)
-
 proc openDefaultBrowser*(url: string) =
   ## Opens `url` with the user's default browser. This does not block.
   ## The URL must not be empty string, to open on a blank page see `openDefaultBrowser()`.
@@ -78,16 +75,30 @@ proc openDefaultBrowser*(url: string) =
   ##   block: openDefaultBrowser("https://nim-lang.org")
   ##   ```
   doAssert url.len > 0, "URL must not be empty string"
-  openDefaultBrowserImpl(url)
+  openDefaultBrowserRaw(url)
 
-proc openDefaultBrowser*() {.since: (1, 1).} =
-  ## Opens the user's default browser without any `url` (blank page). This does not block.
-  ## Implements IETF RFC-6694 Section 3, "about:blank" must be reserved for a blank page.
+proc openDefaultBrowser*() {.since: (1, 1), deprecated: 
+  "not implemented, please open with a specific url instead".} =
+  ## Intends to open the user's default browser without any `url` (blank page).
+  ## This does not block.
+  ## Intends to implement IETF RFC-6694 Section 3,
+  ## ("about:blank" is reserved for a blank page).
   ##
-  ## Under Windows, `ShellExecute` is used. Under Mac OS X the `open`
-  ## command is used. Under Unix, it is checked if `xdg-open` exists and
-  ## used if it does. Otherwise the environment variable `BROWSER` is
-  ## used to determine the default browser to use.
+  ## Beware that this intended behavior is **not** implemented and 
+  ## considered not worthy to implement here.
+  ##
+  ## The following describes the behavior of current implementation:
+  ## 
+  ##  - Under Windows, this will only cause a pop-up dialog \
+  ## asking the assocated application with `about` \
+  ## (as Windows simply treats `about:` as a protocol like `http`).
+  ##  - Under Mac OS X the `open "about:blank"` command is used.
+  ##  - Under Unix, it is checked if `xdg-open` exists and used \
+  ## if it does and open the application assocated with `text/html` mime \
+  ## (not `x-scheme-handler/http`, so maybe html-viewer \
+  ## other than your default browser is opened). \
+  ## Otherwise the environment variable `BROWSER` is used \
+  ## to determine the default browser to use.
   ##
   ## This proc doesn't raise an exception on error, beware.
   ##
@@ -98,4 +109,4 @@ proc openDefaultBrowser*() {.since: (1, 1).} =
   ## **See also:**
   ##
   ## * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6694#section-3
-  openDefaultBrowserImplPrep("about:blank")  # See IETF RFC-6694 Section 3.
+  openDefaultBrowserRaw("about:blank")  # See IETF RFC-6694 Section 3.
diff --git a/lib/pure/cgi.nim b/lib/pure/cgi.nim
index e761569a1..034f224ac 100644
--- a/lib/pure/cgi.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/cgi.nim
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 ##   writeLine(stdout, "</body></html>")
 ##   ```
 
-import strutils, os, strtabs, cookies, uri
+import std/[strutils, os, strtabs, cookies, uri]
 export uri.encodeUrl, uri.decodeUrl
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/deques.nim b/lib/pure/collections/deques.nim
index ed58028c8..d2b0099f2 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/deques.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/deques.nim
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ runnableExamples:
 
 import std/private/since
 
-import math
+import std/[assertions, hashes, math]
 
 type
   Deque*[T] = object
@@ -59,20 +59,29 @@ type
     ## To initialize an empty deque,
     ## use the `initDeque proc <#initDeque,int>`_.
     data: seq[T]
-    head, tail, count, mask: int
+
+    # `head` and `tail` are masked only when accessing an element of `data`
+    # so that `tail - head == data.len` when the deque is full.
+    # They are uint so that incrementing/decrementing them doesn't cause
+    # over/underflow. You can get a number of items with `tail - head`
+    # even if `tail` or `head` is wraps around and `tail < head`, because
+    # `tail - head == (uint.high + 1 + tail) - head` when `tail < head`.
+    head, tail: uint
 
 const
   defaultInitialSize* = 4
 
 template initImpl(result: typed, initialSize: int) =
   let correctSize = nextPowerOfTwo(initialSize)
-  result.mask = correctSize - 1
   newSeq(result.data, correctSize)
 
 template checkIfInitialized(deq: typed) =
-  if deq.mask == 0:
+  if deq.data.len == 0:
     initImpl(deq, defaultInitialSize)
 
+func mask[T](deq: Deque[T]): uint {.inline.} =
+  uint(deq.data.len) - 1
+
 proc initDeque*[T](initialSize: int = defaultInitialSize): Deque[T] =
   ## Creates a new empty deque.
   ##
@@ -85,22 +94,22 @@ proc initDeque*[T](initialSize: int = defaultInitialSize): Deque[T] =
   ## * `toDeque proc <#toDeque,openArray[T]>`_
   result.initImpl(initialSize)
 
-proc len*[T](deq: Deque[T]): int {.inline.} =
+func len*[T](deq: Deque[T]): int {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the number of elements of `deq`.
-  result = deq.count
+  int(deq.tail - deq.head)
 
 template emptyCheck(deq) =
   # Bounds check for the regular deque access.
   when compileOption("boundChecks"):
-    if unlikely(deq.count < 1):
+    if unlikely(deq.len < 1):
       raise newException(IndexDefect, "Empty deque.")
 
 template xBoundsCheck(deq, i) =
   # Bounds check for the array like accesses.
   when compileOption("boundChecks"): # `-d:danger` or `--checks:off` should disable this.
-    if unlikely(i >= deq.count): # x < deq.low is taken care by the Natural parameter
+    if unlikely(i >= deq.len): # x < deq.low is taken care by the Natural parameter
       raise newException(IndexDefect,
-                         "Out of bounds: " & $i & " > " & $(deq.count - 1))
+                         "Out of bounds: " & $i & " > " & $(deq.len - 1))
     if unlikely(i < 0): # when used with BackwardsIndex
       raise newException(IndexDefect,
                          "Out of bounds: " & $i & " < 0")
@@ -114,7 +123,7 @@ proc `[]`*[T](deq: Deque[T], i: Natural): lent T {.inline.} =
     doAssertRaises(IndexDefect, echo a[8])
 
   xBoundsCheck(deq, i)
-  return deq.data[(deq.head + i) and deq.mask]
+  return deq.data[(deq.head + i.uint) and deq.mask]
 
 proc `[]`*[T](deq: var Deque[T], i: Natural): var T {.inline.} =
   ## Accesses the `i`-th element of `deq` and returns a mutable
@@ -125,7 +134,7 @@ proc `[]`*[T](deq: var Deque[T], i: Natural): var T {.inline.} =
     assert a[0] == 11
 
   xBoundsCheck(deq, i)
-  return deq.data[(deq.head + i) and deq.mask]
+  return deq.data[(deq.head + i.uint) and deq.mask]
 
 proc `[]=`*[T](deq: var Deque[T], i: Natural, val: sink T) {.inline.} =
   ## Sets the `i`-th element of `deq` to `val`.
@@ -137,7 +146,7 @@ proc `[]=`*[T](deq: var Deque[T], i: Natural, val: sink T) {.inline.} =
 
   checkIfInitialized(deq)
   xBoundsCheck(deq, i)
-  deq.data[(deq.head + i) and deq.mask] = val
+  deq.data[(deq.head + i.uint) and deq.mask] = val
 
 proc `[]`*[T](deq: Deque[T], i: BackwardsIndex): lent T {.inline.} =
   ## Accesses the backwards indexed `i`-th element.
@@ -190,10 +199,8 @@ iterator items*[T](deq: Deque[T]): lent T =
     let a = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50].toDeque
     assert toSeq(a.items) == @[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
 
-  var i = deq.head
-  for c in 0 ..< deq.count:
-    yield deq.data[i]
-    i = (i + 1) and deq.mask
+  for c in 0 ..< deq.len:
+    yield deq.data[(deq.head + c.uint) and deq.mask]
 
 iterator mitems*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): var T =
   ## Yields every element of `deq`, which can be modified.
@@ -207,10 +214,8 @@ iterator mitems*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): var T =
       x = 5 * x - 1
     assert $a == "[49, 99, 149, 199, 249]"
 
-  var i = deq.head
-  for c in 0 ..< deq.count:
-    yield deq.data[i]
-    i = (i + 1) and deq.mask
+  for c in 0 ..< deq.len:
+    yield deq.data[(deq.head + c.uint) and deq.mask]
 
 iterator pairs*[T](deq: Deque[T]): tuple[key: int, val: T] =
   ## Yields every `(position, value)`-pair of `deq`.
@@ -220,10 +225,8 @@ iterator pairs*[T](deq: Deque[T]): tuple[key: int, val: T] =
     let a = [10, 20, 30].toDeque
     assert toSeq(a.pairs) == @[(0, 10), (1, 20), (2, 30)]
 
-  var i = deq.head
-  for c in 0 ..< deq.count:
-    yield (c, deq.data[i])
-    i = (i + 1) and deq.mask
+  for c in 0 ..< deq.len:
+    yield (c, deq.data[(deq.head + c.uint) and deq.mask])
 
 proc contains*[T](deq: Deque[T], item: T): bool {.inline.} =
   ## Returns true if `item` is in `deq` or false if not found.
@@ -242,8 +245,9 @@ proc contains*[T](deq: Deque[T], item: T): bool {.inline.} =
 
 proc expandIfNeeded[T](deq: var Deque[T]) =
   checkIfInitialized(deq)
-  var cap = deq.mask + 1
-  if unlikely(deq.count >= cap):
+  let cap = deq.data.len
+  assert deq.len <= cap
+  if unlikely(deq.len == cap):
     var n = newSeq[T](cap * 2)
     var i = 0
     for x in mitems(deq):
@@ -251,8 +255,7 @@ proc expandIfNeeded[T](deq: var Deque[T]) =
       else: n[i] = move(x)
       inc i
     deq.data = move(n)
-    deq.mask = cap * 2 - 1
-    deq.tail = deq.count
+    deq.tail = cap.uint
     deq.head = 0
 
 proc addFirst*[T](deq: var Deque[T], item: sink T) =
@@ -267,9 +270,8 @@ proc addFirst*[T](deq: var Deque[T], item: sink T) =
     assert $a == "[50, 40, 30, 20, 10]"
 
   expandIfNeeded(deq)
-  inc deq.count
-  deq.head = (deq.head - 1) and deq.mask
-  deq.data[deq.head] = item
+  dec deq.head
+  deq.data[deq.head and deq.mask] = item
 
 proc addLast*[T](deq: var Deque[T], item: sink T) =
   ## Adds an `item` to the end of `deq`.
@@ -283,9 +285,8 @@ proc addLast*[T](deq: var Deque[T], item: sink T) =
     assert $a == "[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]"
 
   expandIfNeeded(deq)
-  inc deq.count
-  deq.data[deq.tail] = item
-  deq.tail = (deq.tail + 1) and deq.mask
+  deq.data[deq.tail and deq.mask] = item
+  inc deq.tail
 
 proc toDeque*[T](x: openArray[T]): Deque[T] {.since: (1, 3).} =
   ## Creates a new deque that contains the elements of `x` (in the same order).
@@ -314,7 +315,7 @@ proc peekFirst*[T](deq: Deque[T]): lent T {.inline.} =
     assert len(a) == 5
 
   emptyCheck(deq)
-  result = deq.data[deq.head]
+  result = deq.data[deq.head and deq.mask]
 
 proc peekLast*[T](deq: Deque[T]): lent T {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the last element of `deq`, but does not remove it from the deque.
@@ -344,7 +345,7 @@ proc peekFirst*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): var T {.inline, since: (1, 3).} =
     assert $a == "[99, 20, 30, 40, 50]"
 
   emptyCheck(deq)
-  result = deq.data[deq.head]
+  result = deq.data[deq.head and deq.mask]
 
 proc peekLast*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): var T {.inline, since: (1, 3).} =
   ## Returns a mutable reference to the last element of `deq`,
@@ -377,9 +378,8 @@ proc popFirst*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): T {.inline, discardable.} =
     assert $a == "[20, 30, 40, 50]"
 
   emptyCheck(deq)
-  dec deq.count
-  result = move deq.data[deq.head]
-  deq.head = (deq.head + 1) and deq.mask
+  result = move deq.data[deq.head and deq.mask]
+  inc deq.head
 
 proc popLast*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): T {.inline, discardable.} =
   ## Removes and returns the last element of the `deq`.
@@ -394,9 +394,8 @@ proc popLast*[T](deq: var Deque[T]): T {.inline, discardable.} =
     assert $a == "[10, 20, 30, 40]"
 
   emptyCheck(deq)
-  dec deq.count
-  deq.tail = (deq.tail - 1) and deq.mask
-  result = move deq.data[deq.tail]
+  dec deq.tail
+  result = move deq.data[deq.tail and deq.mask]
 
 proc clear*[T](deq: var Deque[T]) {.inline.} =
   ## Resets the deque so that it is empty.
@@ -410,7 +409,6 @@ proc clear*[T](deq: var Deque[T]) {.inline.} =
     assert len(a) == 0
 
   for el in mitems(deq): destroy(el)
-  deq.count = 0
   deq.tail = deq.head
 
 proc shrink*[T](deq: var Deque[T], fromFirst = 0, fromLast = 0) =
@@ -430,19 +428,17 @@ proc shrink*[T](deq: var Deque[T], fromFirst = 0, fromLast = 0) =
     a.shrink(fromFirst = 2, fromLast = 1)
     assert $a == "[30, 40]"
 
-  if fromFirst + fromLast > deq.count:
+  if fromFirst + fromLast > deq.len:
     clear(deq)
     return
 
   for i in 0 ..< fromFirst:
-    destroy(deq.data[deq.head])
-    deq.head = (deq.head + 1) and deq.mask
+    destroy(deq.data[deq.head and deq.mask])
+    inc deq.head
 
   for i in 0 ..< fromLast:
     destroy(deq.data[(deq.tail - 1) and deq.mask])
-    deq.tail = (deq.tail - 1) and deq.mask
-
-  dec deq.count, fromFirst + fromLast
+    dec deq.tail
 
 proc `$`*[T](deq: Deque[T]): string =
   ## Turns a deque into its string representation.
@@ -455,3 +451,30 @@ proc `$`*[T](deq: Deque[T]): string =
     if result.len > 1: result.add(", ")
     result.addQuoted(x)
   result.add("]")
+
+func `==`*[T](deq1, deq2: Deque[T]): bool =
+  ## The `==` operator for Deque.
+  ## Returns `true` if both deques contains the same values in the same order.
+  runnableExamples:
+    var a, b = initDeque[int]()
+    a.addFirst(2)
+    a.addFirst(1)
+    b.addLast(1)
+    b.addLast(2)
+    doAssert a == b
+
+  if deq1.len != deq2.len:
+    return false
+
+  for i in 0 ..< deq1.len:
+    if deq1.data[(deq1.head + i.uint) and deq1.mask] != deq2.data[(deq2.head + i.uint) and deq2.mask]:
+      return false
+
+  true
+
+func hash*[T](deq: Deque[T]): Hash =
+  ## Hashing of Deque.
+  var h: Hash = 0
+  for x in deq:
+    h = h !& hash(x)
+  !$h
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/hashcommon.nim b/lib/pure/collections/hashcommon.nim
index 8fd4c6e08..17785c8c7 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/hashcommon.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/hashcommon.nim
@@ -58,7 +58,10 @@ proc rawGetKnownHC[X, A](t: X, key: A, hc: Hash): int {.inline.} =
 template genHashImpl(key, hc: typed) =
   hc = hash(key)
   if hc == 0: # This almost never taken branch should be very predictable.
-    hc = 314159265 # Value doesn't matter; Any non-zero favorite is fine.
+    when sizeof(int) < 4:
+      hc = 31415 # Value doesn't matter; Any non-zero favorite is fine <= 16-bit.
+    else:
+      hc = 314159265 # Value doesn't matter; Any non-zero favorite is fine.
 
 template genHash(key: typed): Hash =
   var res: Hash
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/heapqueue.nim b/lib/pure/collections/heapqueue.nim
index bcfdf37c2..96f9b4430 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/heapqueue.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/heapqueue.nim
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ runnableExamples:
 
 import std/private/since
 
+when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
+  import std/assertions
+
 type HeapQueue*[T] = object
   ## A heap queue, commonly known as a priority queue.
   data: seq[T]
@@ -73,6 +76,13 @@ proc `[]`*[T](heap: HeapQueue[T], i: Natural): lent T {.inline.} =
   ## Accesses the i-th element of `heap`.
   heap.data[i]
 
+iterator items*[T](heap: HeapQueue[T]): lent T {.inline, since: (2, 1, 1).} =
+  ## Iterates over each item of `heap`.
+  let L = len(heap)
+  for i in 0 .. high(heap.data):
+    yield heap.data[i]
+    assert(len(heap) == L, "the length of the HeapQueue changed while iterating over it")
+
 proc heapCmp[T](x, y: T): bool {.inline.} = x < y
 
 proc siftup[T](heap: var HeapQueue[T], startpos, p: int) =
@@ -178,6 +188,11 @@ proc find*[T](heap: HeapQueue[T], x: T): int {.since: (1, 3).} =
   for i in 0 ..< heap.len:
     if heap[i] == x: return i
 
+proc contains*[T](heap: HeapQueue[T], x: T): bool {.since: (2, 1, 1).} =
+  ## Returns true if `x` is in `heap` or false if not found. This is a shortcut
+  ## for `find(heap, x) >= 0`.
+  result = find(heap, x) >= 0
+
 proc del*[T](heap: var HeapQueue[T], index: Natural) =
   ## Removes the element at `index` from `heap`, maintaining the heap invariant.
   runnableExamples:
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/lists.nim b/lib/pure/collections/lists.nim
index b9d5c48eb..6b88747ef 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/lists.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/lists.nim
@@ -384,9 +384,7 @@ proc prependMoved*[T: SomeLinkedList](a, b: var T) {.since: (1, 5, 1).} =
     assert s == [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]
 
   b.addMoved(a)
-  when defined(js): # XXX: swap broken in js; bug #16771
-    (b, a) = (a, b)
-  else: swap a, b
+  swap a, b
 
 proc add*[T](L: var SinglyLinkedList[T], n: SinglyLinkedNode[T]) {.inline.} =
   ## Appends (adds to the end) a node `n` to `L`. Efficiency: O(1).
@@ -983,6 +981,17 @@ func toSinglyLinkedList*[T](elems: openArray[T]): SinglyLinkedList[T] {.since: (
   for elem in elems.items:
     result.add(elem)
 
+func toSinglyLinkedRing*[T](elems: openArray[T]): SinglyLinkedRing[T] =
+  ## Creates a new `SinglyLinkedRing` from the members of `elems`.
+  runnableExamples:
+    from std/sequtils import toSeq
+    let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].toSinglyLinkedRing
+    assert a.toSeq == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+  result = initSinglyLinkedRing[T]()
+  for elem in elems.items:
+    result.add(elem)
+
 func toDoublyLinkedList*[T](elems: openArray[T]): DoublyLinkedList[T] {.since: (1, 5, 1).} =
   ## Creates a new `DoublyLinkedList` from the members of `elems`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -993,3 +1002,14 @@ func toDoublyLinkedList*[T](elems: openArray[T]): DoublyLinkedList[T] {.since: (
   result = initDoublyLinkedList[T]()
   for elem in elems.items:
     result.add(elem)
+
+func toDoublyLinkedRing*[T](elems: openArray[T]): DoublyLinkedRing[T] =
+  ## Creates a new `DoublyLinkedRing` from the members of `elems`.
+  runnableExamples:
+    from std/sequtils import toSeq
+    let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].toDoublyLinkedRing
+    assert a.toSeq == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+  result = initDoublyLinkedRing[T]()
+  for elem in elems.items:
+    result.add(elem)
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/sequtils.nim b/lib/pure/collections/sequtils.nim
index e2adba910..3c0d8dc0e 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/sequtils.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/sequtils.nim
@@ -82,7 +82,8 @@ runnableExamples:
 
 import std/private/since
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
+from std/typetraits import supportsCopyMem
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -140,6 +141,22 @@ func concat*[T](seqs: varargs[seq[T]]): seq[T] =
       result[i] = itm
       inc(i)
 
+func addUnique*[T](s: var seq[T], x: sink T) =
+  ## Adds `x` to the container `s` if it is not already present. 
+  ## Uses `==` to check if the item is already present.
+  runnableExamples:
+    var a = @[1, 2, 3]
+    a.addUnique(4)
+    a.addUnique(4)
+    assert a == @[1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+  for i in 0..high(s):
+    if s[i] == x: return
+  when declared(ensureMove):
+    s.add ensureMove(x)
+  else:
+    s.add x
+
 func count*[T](s: openArray[T], x: T): int =
   ## Returns the number of occurrences of the item `x` in the container `s`.
   ##
@@ -1086,8 +1103,12 @@ template newSeqWith*(len: int, init: untyped): untyped =
     import std/random
     var seqRand = newSeqWith(20, rand(1.0))
     assert seqRand[0] != seqRand[1]
+  type T = typeof(init)
   let newLen = len
-  var result = newSeq[typeof(init)](newLen)
+  when supportsCopyMem(T) and declared(newSeqUninit):
+    var result = newSeqUninit[T](newLen)
+  else: # TODO: use `newSeqUnsafe` when that's available
+    var result = newSeq[T](newLen)
   for i in 0 ..< newLen:
     result[i] = init
   move(result) # refs bug #7295
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/setimpl.nim b/lib/pure/collections/setimpl.nim
index dbd4ce1d5..360a075d6 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/setimpl.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/setimpl.nim
@@ -87,7 +87,9 @@ proc exclImpl[A](s: var HashSet[A], key: A): bool {.inline.} =
       var j = i # The correctness of this depends on (h+1) in nextTry,
       var r = j # though may be adaptable to other simple sequences.
       s.data[i].hcode = 0 # mark current EMPTY
-      s.data[i].key = default(typeof(s.data[i].key))
+      {.push warning[UnsafeDefault]:off.}
+      reset(s.data[i].key)
+      {.pop.}
       doWhile((i >= r and r > j) or (r > j and j > i) or (j > i and i >= r)):
         i = (i + 1) and msk # increment mod table size
         if isEmpty(s.data[i].hcode): # end of collision cluster; So all done
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/sets.nim b/lib/pure/collections/sets.nim
index 62abd68d4..af13135aa 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/sets.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/sets.nim
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 
 
 import
-  hashes, math
+  std/[hashes, math]
 
 when not defined(nimHasEffectsOf):
   {.pragma: effectsOf.}
@@ -382,7 +382,9 @@ proc clear*[A](s: var HashSet[A]) =
   s.counter = 0
   for i in 0 ..< s.data.len:
     s.data[i].hcode = 0
-    s.data[i].key = default(typeof(s.data[i].key))
+    {.push warning[UnsafeDefault]:off.}
+    reset(s.data[i].key)
+    {.pop.}
 
 
 proc union*[A](s1, s2: HashSet[A]): HashSet[A] =
@@ -816,7 +818,9 @@ proc clear*[A](s: var OrderedSet[A]) =
   for i in 0 ..< s.data.len:
     s.data[i].hcode = 0
     s.data[i].next = 0
-    s.data[i].key = default(typeof(s.data[i].key))
+    {.push warning[UnsafeDefault]:off.}
+    reset(s.data[i].key)
+    {.pop.}
 
 proc len*[A](s: OrderedSet[A]): int {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the number of elements in `s`.
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/sharedlist.nim b/lib/pure/collections/sharedlist.nim
index e61883220..ec8f1cd86 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/sharedlist.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/sharedlist.nim
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 {.push stackTrace: off.}
 
 import
-  locks
+  std/locks
 
 const
   ElemsPerNode = 100
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/sharedtables.nim b/lib/pure/collections/sharedtables.nim
index 8b49066ac..b474ecd31 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/sharedtables.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/sharedtables.nim
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 {.deprecated.}
 
 import
-  hashes, math, locks
+  std/[hashes, math, locks]
 
 type
   KeyValuePair[A, B] = tuple[hcode: Hash, key: A, val: B]
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/tableimpl.nim b/lib/pure/collections/tableimpl.nim
index 112aaa7d0..3542741fa 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/tableimpl.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/tableimpl.nim
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ template addImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
   rawInsert(t, t.data, key, val, hc, j)
   inc(t.counter)
 
-template maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
+template maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge, val) {.dirty.} =
   checkIfInitialized()
   if mustRehash(t):
     enlarge(t)
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ template putImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
   var hc: Hash = default(Hash)
   var index = rawGet(t, key, hc)
   if index >= 0: t.data[index].val = val
-  else: maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge)
+  else: maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge, val)
 
 template mgetOrPutImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
   checkIfInitialized()
@@ -67,17 +67,30 @@ template mgetOrPutImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
   var index = rawGet(t, key, hc)
   if index < 0:
     # not present: insert (flipping index)
-    maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge)
+    when declared(val):
+      maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge, val)
+    else:
+      maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge, default(B))
   # either way return modifiable val
   result = t.data[index].val
 
+# template mgetOrPutDefaultImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
+#   checkIfInitialized()
+#   var hc: Hash = default(Hash)
+#   var index = rawGet(t, key, hc)
+#   if index < 0:
+#     # not present: insert (flipping index)
+#     maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge, default(B))
+#   # either way return modifiable val
+#   result = t.data[index].val
+
 template hasKeyOrPutImpl(enlarge) {.dirty.} =
   checkIfInitialized()
   var hc: Hash = default(Hash)
   var index = rawGet(t, key, hc)
   if index < 0:
     result = false
-    maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge)
+    maybeRehashPutImpl(enlarge, val)
   else: result = true
 
 # delImplIdx is KnuthV3 Algo6.4R adapted to i=i+1 (from i=i-1) which has come to
@@ -119,8 +132,10 @@ template delImplIdx(t, i, makeEmpty, cellEmpty, cellHash) =
         var j = i         # The correctness of this depends on (h+1) in nextTry
         var r = j         # though may be adaptable to other simple sequences.
         makeEmpty(i)                     # mark current EMPTY
-        t.data[i].key = default(typeof(t.data[i].key))
-        t.data[i].val = default(typeof(t.data[i].val))
+        {.push warning[UnsafeDefault]:off.}
+        reset(t.data[i].key)
+        reset(t.data[i].val)
+        {.pop.}
         while true:
           i = (i + 1) and msk            # increment mod table size
           if cellEmpty(i):               # end of collision cluster; So all done
@@ -151,8 +166,10 @@ template clearImpl() {.dirty.} =
   for i in 0 ..< t.dataLen:
     when compiles(t.data[i].hcode): # CountTable records don't contain a hcode
       t.data[i].hcode = 0
-    t.data[i].key = default(typeof(t.data[i].key))
-    t.data[i].val = default(typeof(t.data[i].val))
+    {.push warning[UnsafeDefault]:off.}
+    reset(t.data[i].key)
+    reset(t.data[i].val)
+    {.pop.}
   t.counter = 0
 
 template ctAnd(a, b): bool =
diff --git a/lib/pure/collections/tables.nim b/lib/pure/collections/tables.nim
index 39dcddb5a..d414caeed 100644
--- a/lib/pure/collections/tables.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/collections/tables.nim
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ runnableExamples:
 
 
 import std/private/since
-import hashes, math, algorithm
+import std/[hashes, math, algorithm]
 
 
 when not defined(nimHasEffectsOf):
@@ -278,6 +278,7 @@ proc initTable*[A, B](initialSize = defaultInitialSize): Table[A, B] =
     let
       a = initTable[int, string]()
       b = initTable[char, seq[int]]()
+  result = default(Table[A, B])
   initImpl(result, initialSize)
 
 proc `[]=`*[A, B](t: var Table[A, B], key: A, val: sink B) =
@@ -312,7 +313,7 @@ proc toTable*[A, B](pairs: openArray[(A, B)]): Table[A, B] =
   result = initTable[A, B](pairs.len)
   for key, val in items(pairs): result[key] = val
 
-proc `[]`*[A, B](t: Table[A, B], key: A): B =
+proc `[]`*[A, B](t: Table[A, B], key: A): lent B =
   ## Retrieves the value at `t[key]`.
   ##
   ## If `key` is not in `t`, the `KeyError` exception is raised.
@@ -474,6 +475,18 @@ proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: var Table[A, B], key: A, val: B): var B =
 
   mgetOrPutImpl(enlarge)
 
+proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: var Table[A, B], key: A): var B =
+  ## Retrieves the value at `t[key]` or puts the
+  ## default initialization value for type `B` (e.g. 0 for any
+  ## integer type).
+  runnableExamples:
+    var a = {'a': 5}.newTable
+    doAssert a.mgetOrPut('a') == 5
+    a.mgetOrPut('z').inc
+    doAssert a == {'a': 5, 'z': 1}.newTable
+
+  mgetOrPutImpl(enlarge)
+
 proc len*[A, B](t: Table[A, B]): int =
   ## Returns the number of keys in `t`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -1013,6 +1026,18 @@ proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: TableRef[A, B], key: A, val: B): var B =
     doAssert t[25] == @[25, 35]
   t[].mgetOrPut(key, val)
 
+proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: TableRef[A, B], key: A): var B =
+  ## Retrieves the value at `t[key]` or puts the
+  ## default initialization value for type `B` (e.g. 0 for any
+  ## integer type).
+  runnableExamples:
+    var a = {'a': 5}.newTable
+    doAssert a.mgetOrPut('a') == 5
+    a.mgetOrPut('z').inc
+    doAssert a == {'a': 5, 'z': 1}.newTable
+
+  t[].mgetOrPut(key)
+
 proc len*[A, B](t: TableRef[A, B]): int =
   ## Returns the number of keys in `t`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -1322,6 +1347,7 @@ proc initOrderedTable*[A, B](initialSize = defaultInitialSize): OrderedTable[A,
     let
       a = initOrderedTable[int, string]()
       b = initOrderedTable[char, seq[int]]()
+  result = default(OrderedTable[A, B])
   initImpl(result, initialSize)
 
 proc `[]=`*[A, B](t: var OrderedTable[A, B], key: A, val: sink B) =
@@ -1357,7 +1383,7 @@ proc toOrderedTable*[A, B](pairs: openArray[(A, B)]): OrderedTable[A, B] =
   result = initOrderedTable[A, B](pairs.len)
   for key, val in items(pairs): result[key] = val
 
-proc `[]`*[A, B](t: OrderedTable[A, B], key: A): B =
+proc `[]`*[A, B](t: OrderedTable[A, B], key: A): lent B =
   ## Retrieves the value at `t[key]`.
   ##
   ## If `key` is not in `t`, the  `KeyError` exception is raised.
@@ -1413,7 +1439,7 @@ proc hasKey*[A, B](t: OrderedTable[A, B], key: A): bool =
     doAssert a.hasKey('a') == true
     doAssert a.hasKey('z') == false
 
-  var hc: Hash
+  var hc: Hash = default(Hash)
   result = rawGet(t, key, hc) >= 0
 
 proc contains*[A, B](t: OrderedTable[A, B], key: A): bool =
@@ -1503,6 +1529,18 @@ proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: var OrderedTable[A, B], key: A, val: B): var B =
 
   mgetOrPutImpl(enlarge)
 
+proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: var OrderedTable[A, B], key: A): var B =
+  ## Retrieves the value at `t[key]` or puts the
+  ## default initialization value for type `B` (e.g. 0 for any
+  ## integer type).
+  runnableExamples:
+    var a = {'a': 5}.toOrderedTable
+    doAssert a.mgetOrPut('a') == 5
+    a.mgetOrPut('z').inc
+    doAssert a == {'a': 5, 'z': 1}.toOrderedTable
+
+  mgetOrPutImpl(enlarge)
+
 proc len*[A, B](t: OrderedTable[A, B]): int {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the number of keys in `t`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -1992,6 +2030,18 @@ proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: OrderedTableRef[A, B], key: A, val: B): var B =
 
   result = t[].mgetOrPut(key, val)
 
+proc mgetOrPut*[A, B](t: OrderedTableRef[A, B], key: A): var B =
+  ## Retrieves the value at `t[key]` or puts the
+  ## default initialization value for type `B` (e.g. 0 for any
+  ## integer type).
+  runnableExamples:
+    var a = {'a': 5}.toOrderedTable
+    doAssert a.mgetOrPut('a') == 5
+    a.mgetOrPut('z').inc
+    doAssert a == {'a': 5, 'z': 1}.toOrderedTable
+
+  t[].mgetOrPut(key)
+
 proc len*[A, B](t: OrderedTableRef[A, B]): int {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the number of keys in `t`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -2288,6 +2338,7 @@ proc initCountTable*[A](initialSize = defaultInitialSize): CountTable[A] =
   ## * `toCountTable proc<#toCountTable,openArray[A]>`_
   ## * `newCountTable proc<#newCountTable>`_ for creating a
   ##   `CountTableRef`
+  result = default(CountTable[A])
   initImpl(result, initialSize)
 
 proc toCountTable*[A](keys: openArray[A]): CountTable[A] =
diff --git a/lib/pure/colors.nim b/lib/pure/colors.nim
index eccccbfaf..d3e6dc063 100644
--- a/lib/pure/colors.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/colors.nim
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 ## This module implements color handling for Nim,
 ## namely color mixing and parsing the CSS color names.
 
-import strutils
-from algorithm import binarySearch
+import std/strutils
+from std/algorithm import binarySearch
 
 type
   Color* = distinct int ## A color stored as RGB, e.g. `0xff00cc`.
diff --git a/lib/pure/complex.nim b/lib/pure/complex.nim
index 1e8349ef6..b48811eae 100644
--- a/lib/pure/complex.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/complex.nim
@@ -15,9 +15,6 @@
 runnableExamples:
   from std/math import almostEqual, sqrt
 
-  func almostEqual(a, b: Complex): bool =
-    almostEqual(a.re, b.re) and almostEqual(a.im, b.im)
-
   let
     z1 = complex(1.0, 2.0)
     z2 = complex(3.0, -4.0)
@@ -36,7 +33,7 @@ runnableExamples:
 {.push checks: off, line_dir: off, stack_trace: off, debugger: off.}
 # the user does not want to trace a part of the standard library!
 
-import math
+import std/[math, strformat]
 
 type
   Complex*[T: SomeFloat] = object
@@ -81,7 +78,7 @@ func abs2*[T](z: Complex[T]): T =
   ## that is the squared distance from (0, 0) to `z`.
   ## This is more efficient than `abs(z) ^ 2`.
   result = z.re * z.re + z.im * z.im
-  
+
 func sgn*[T](z: Complex[T]): Complex[T] =
   ## Returns the phase of `z` as a unit complex number,
   ## or 0 if `z` is 0.
@@ -249,10 +246,31 @@ func pow*[T](x, y: Complex[T]): Complex[T] =
     else:
       result.re = 0.0
       result.im = 0.0
-  elif y.re == 1.0 and y.im == 0.0:
-    result = x
-  elif y.re == -1.0 and y.im == 0.0:
-    result = T(1.0) / x
+  elif y.im == 0.0:
+    if y.re == 1.0:
+      result = x
+    elif y.re == -1.0:
+      result = T(1.0) / x
+    elif y.re == 2.0:
+      result = x * x
+    elif y.re == 0.5:
+      result = sqrt(x)
+    elif x.im == 0.0:
+      # Revert to real pow when both base and exponent are real
+      result.re = pow(x.re, y.re)
+      result.im = 0.0
+    else:
+      # Special case when the exponent is real
+      let
+        rho = abs(x)
+        theta = arctan2(x.im, x.re)
+        s = pow(rho, y.re)
+        r = y.re * theta
+      result.re = s * cos(r)
+      result.im = s * sin(r)
+  elif x.im == 0.0 and x.re == E:
+   # Special case Euler's formula
+   result = exp(y)
   else:
     let
       rho = abs(x)
@@ -391,6 +409,24 @@ func rect*[T](r, phi: T): Complex[T] =
   ## * `polar func<#polar,Complex[T]>`_ for the inverse operation
   complex(r * cos(phi), r * sin(phi))
 
+func almostEqual*[T: SomeFloat](x, y: Complex[T]; unitsInLastPlace: Natural = 4): bool =
+  ## Checks if two complex values are almost equal, using the
+  ## [machine epsilon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_epsilon).
+  ##
+  ## Two complex values are considered almost equal if their real and imaginary
+  ## components are almost equal.
+  ##
+  ## `unitsInLastPlace` is the max number of
+  ## [units in the last place](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_in_the_last_place)
+  ## difference tolerated when comparing two numbers. The larger the value, the
+  ## more error is allowed. A `0` value means that two numbers must be exactly the
+  ## same to be considered equal.
+  ##
+  ## The machine epsilon has to be scaled to the magnitude of the values used
+  ## and multiplied by the desired precision in ULPs unless the difference is
+  ## subnormal.
+  almostEqual(x.re, y.re, unitsInLastPlace = unitsInLastPlace) and
+  almostEqual(x.im, y.im, unitsInLastPlace = unitsInLastPlace)
 
 func `$`*(z: Complex): string =
   ## Returns `z`'s string representation as `"(re, im)"`.
@@ -399,4 +435,39 @@ func `$`*(z: Complex): string =
 
   result = "(" & $z.re & ", " & $z.im & ")"
 
+proc formatValueAsTuple(result: var string; value: Complex; specifier: string) =
+  ## Format implementation for `Complex` representing the value as a (real, imaginary) tuple.
+  result.add "("
+  formatValue(result, value.re, specifier)
+  result.add ", "
+  formatValue(result, value.im, specifier)
+  result.add ")"
+
+proc formatValueAsComplexNumber(result: var string; value: Complex; specifier: string) =
+  ## Format implementation for `Complex` representing the value as a (RE+IMj) number
+  ## By default, the real and imaginary parts are formatted using the general ('g') format
+  let specifier = if specifier.contains({'e', 'E', 'f', 'F', 'g', 'G'}):
+      specifier.replace("j")
+    else:
+      specifier.replace('j', 'g')
+  result.add "("
+  formatValue(result, value.re, specifier)
+  if value.im >= 0 and not specifier.contains({'+', '-'}):
+    result.add "+"
+  formatValue(result, value.im, specifier)
+  result.add "j)"
+
+proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: Complex; specifier: string) =
+  ## Standard format implementation for `Complex`. It makes little
+  ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
+  ## by the `&` macro.
+  ## For complex numbers, we add a specific 'j' specifier, which formats
+  ## the value as (A+Bj) like in mathematics.
+  if specifier.len == 0:
+    result.add $value
+  elif 'j' in specifier:
+    formatValueAsComplexNumber(result, value, specifier)
+  else:
+    formatValueAsTuple(result, value, specifier)
+
 {.pop.}
diff --git a/lib/pure/concurrency/atomics.nim b/lib/pure/concurrency/atomics.nim
index c7b881bc5..818f1b37a 100644
--- a/lib/pure/concurrency/atomics.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/concurrency/atomics.nim
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 ## Types and operations for atomic operations and lockless algorithms.
 ##
 ## Unstable API.
+## 
+## By default, C++ uses C11 atomic primitives. To use C++ `std::atomic`,
+## `-d:nimUseCppAtomics` can be defined.
 
 runnableExamples:
   # Atomic
@@ -50,8 +53,7 @@ runnableExamples:
   flag.clear(moRelaxed)
   assert not flag.testAndSet
 
-
-when defined(cpp) or defined(nimdoc):
+when (defined(cpp) and defined(nimUseCppAtomics)) or defined(nimdoc):
   # For the C++ backend, types and operations map directly to C++11 atomics.
 
   {.push, header: "<atomic>".}
@@ -274,10 +276,17 @@ else:
       cast[T](interlockedXor(addr(location.value), cast[nonAtomicType(T)](value)))
 
   else:
-    {.push, header: "<stdatomic.h>".}
+    when defined(cpp):
+      {.push, header: "<atomic>".}
+      template maybeWrapStd(x: string): string =
+        "std::" & x
+    else:
+      {.push, header: "<stdatomic.h>".}
+      template maybeWrapStd(x: string): string =
+        x
 
     type
-      MemoryOrder* {.importc: "memory_order".} = enum
+      MemoryOrder* {.importc: "memory_order".maybeWrapStd.} = enum
         moRelaxed
         moConsume
         moAcquire
@@ -285,16 +294,25 @@ else:
         moAcquireRelease
         moSequentiallyConsistent
 
-    type
-      # Atomic*[T] {.importcpp: "_Atomic('0)".} = object
+    when defined(cpp):
+      type
+        # Atomic*[T] {.importcpp: "_Atomic('0)".} = object
+
+        AtomicInt8 {.importc: "std::atomic<NI8>".} = int8
+        AtomicInt16 {.importc: "std::atomic<NI16>".} = int16
+        AtomicInt32 {.importc: "std::atomic<NI32>".} = int32
+        AtomicInt64 {.importc: "std::atomic<NI64>".} = int64
+    else:
+      type
+        # Atomic*[T] {.importcpp: "_Atomic('0)".} = object
 
-      AtomicInt8 {.importc: "_Atomic NI8".} = int8
-      AtomicInt16 {.importc: "_Atomic NI16".} = int16
-      AtomicInt32 {.importc: "_Atomic NI32".} = int32
-      AtomicInt64 {.importc: "_Atomic NI64".} = int64
+        AtomicInt8 {.importc: "_Atomic NI8".} = int8
+        AtomicInt16 {.importc: "_Atomic NI16".} = int16
+        AtomicInt32 {.importc: "_Atomic NI32".} = int32
+        AtomicInt64 {.importc: "_Atomic NI64".} = int64
 
     type
-      AtomicFlag* {.importc: "atomic_flag", size: 1.} = object
+      AtomicFlag* {.importc: "atomic_flag".maybeWrapStd, size: 1.} = object
 
       Atomic*[T] = object
         when T is Trivial:
@@ -308,27 +326,27 @@ else:
           guard: AtomicFlag
 
     #proc init*[T](location: var Atomic[T]; value: T): T {.importcpp: "atomic_init(@)".}
-    proc atomic_load_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; order: MemoryOrder): T {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_store_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; desired: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent) {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_exchange_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; desired: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; expected: ptr T; desired: T; success, failure: MemoryOrder): bool {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; expected: ptr T; desired: T; success, failure: MemoryOrder): bool {.importc.}
+    proc atomic_load_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; order: MemoryOrder): T {.importc: "atomic_load_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_store_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; desired: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent) {.importc: "atomic_store_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_exchange_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; desired: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc: "atomic_exchange_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; expected: ptr T; desired: T; success, failure: MemoryOrder): bool {.importc: "atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; expected: ptr T; desired: T; success, failure: MemoryOrder): bool {.importc: "atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
 
     # Numerical operations
-    proc atomic_fetch_add_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_fetch_sub_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_fetch_and_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_fetch_or_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc.}
-    proc atomic_fetch_xor_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc.}
+    proc atomic_fetch_add_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc: "atomic_fetch_add_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_fetch_sub_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc: "atomic_fetch_sub_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_fetch_and_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc: "atomic_fetch_and_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_fetch_or_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc: "atomic_fetch_or_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc atomic_fetch_xor_explicit[T, A](location: ptr A; value: T; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): T {.importc: "atomic_fetch_xor_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
 
     # Flag operations
     # var ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT {.importc, nodecl.}: AtomicFlag
     # proc init*(location: var AtomicFlag) {.inline.} = location = ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT
-    proc testAndSet*(location: var AtomicFlag; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): bool {.importc: "atomic_flag_test_and_set_explicit".}
-    proc clear*(location: var AtomicFlag; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent) {.importc: "atomic_flag_clear_explicit".}
+    proc testAndSet*(location: var AtomicFlag; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent): bool {.importc: "atomic_flag_test_and_set_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc clear*(location: var AtomicFlag; order: MemoryOrder = moSequentiallyConsistent) {.importc: "atomic_flag_clear_explicit".maybeWrapStd.}
 
-    proc fence*(order: MemoryOrder) {.importc: "atomic_thread_fence".}
-    proc signalFence*(order: MemoryOrder) {.importc: "atomic_signal_fence".}
+    proc fence*(order: MemoryOrder) {.importc: "atomic_thread_fence".maybeWrapStd.}
+    proc signalFence*(order: MemoryOrder) {.importc: "atomic_signal_fence".maybeWrapStd.}
 
     {.pop.}
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuinfo.nim b/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuinfo.nim
index 1d2ff63e1..9bc3fd579 100644
--- a/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuinfo.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuinfo.nim
@@ -15,75 +15,96 @@ runnableExamples:
 
 include "system/inclrtl"
 
-when defined(posix) and not (defined(macosx) or defined(bsd)):
-  import posix
+when defined(js):
+  import std/jsffi
+  proc countProcessorsImpl(): int =
+    when defined(nodejs):
+      let jsOs = require("os")
+      let jsObj = jsOs.cpus().length
+    else:
+      # `navigator.hardwareConcurrency`
+      # works on browser as well as deno.
+      let navigator{.importcpp.}: JsObject
+      let jsObj = navigator.hardwareConcurrency
+    result = jsObj.to int
+else:
+  when defined(posix) and not (defined(macosx) or defined(bsd)):
+    import std/posix
 
-when defined(windows):
-  import std/private/win_getsysteminfo
+  when defined(windows):
+    import std/private/win_getsysteminfo
+
+  when defined(freebsd) or defined(macosx):
+    {.emit: "#include <sys/types.h>".}
+
+  when defined(openbsd) or defined(netbsd):
+    {.emit: "#include <sys/param.h>".}
 
-when defined(freebsd) or defined(macosx):
-  {.emit: "#include <sys/types.h>".}
+  when defined(macosx) or defined(bsd):
+    # we HAVE to emit param.h before sysctl.h so we cannot use .header here
+    # either. The amount of archaic bullshit in Poonix based OSes is just insane.
+    {.emit: "#include <sys/sysctl.h>".}
+    {.push nodecl.}
+    when defined(macosx):
+      proc sysctlbyname(name: cstring,
+        oldp: pointer, oldlenp: var csize_t,
+        newp: pointer, newlen: csize_t): cint {.importc.}
+    let
+      CTL_HW{.importc.}: cint
+      HW_NCPU{.importc.}: cint
+    proc sysctl[I: static[int]](name: var array[I, cint], namelen: cuint,
+      oldp: pointer, oldlenp: var csize_t,
+      newp: pointer, newlen: csize_t): cint {.importc.}
+    {.pop.}
 
-when defined(openbsd) or defined(netbsd):
-  {.emit: "#include <sys/param.h>".}
+  when defined(genode):
+    import genode/env
 
-when defined(macosx) or defined(bsd):
-  # we HAVE to emit param.h before sysctl.h so we cannot use .header here
-  # either. The amount of archaic bullshit in Poonix based OSes is just insane.
-  {.emit: "#include <sys/sysctl.h>".}
-  const
-    CTL_HW = 6
-    HW_AVAILCPU = 25
-    HW_NCPU = 3
-  proc sysctl(x: ptr array[0..3, cint], y: cint, z: pointer,
-              a: var csize_t, b: pointer, c: csize_t): cint {.
-              importc: "sysctl", nodecl.}
+    proc affinitySpaceTotal(env: GenodeEnvPtr): cuint {.
+      importcpp: "@->cpu().affinity_space().total()".}
 
-when defined(genode):
-  import genode/env
+  when defined(haiku):
+    type
+      SystemInfo {.importc: "system_info", header: "<OS.h>".} = object
+        cpuCount {.importc: "cpu_count".}: uint32
 
-  proc affinitySpaceTotal(env: GenodeEnvPtr): cuint {.
-    importcpp: "@->cpu().affinity_space().total()".}
+    proc getSystemInfo(info: ptr SystemInfo): int32 {.importc: "get_system_info",
+                                                      header: "<OS.h>".}
+
+  proc countProcessorsImpl(): int {.inline.} =
+    when defined(windows):
+      var
+        si: SystemInfo
+      getSystemInfo(addr si)
+      result = int(si.dwNumberOfProcessors)
+    elif defined(macosx) or defined(bsd):
+      let dest = addr result
+      var len = sizeof(result).csize_t
+      when defined(macosx):
+        # alias of "hw.activecpu"
+        if sysctlbyname("hw.logicalcpu", dest, len, nil, 0) == 0:
+          return
+      var mib = [CTL_HW, HW_NCPU]
+      if sysctl(mib, 2, dest, len, nil, 0) == 0:
+        return
+    elif defined(hpux):
+      result = mpctl(MPC_GETNUMSPUS, nil, nil)
+    elif defined(irix):
+      var SC_NPROC_ONLN {.importc: "_SC_NPROC_ONLN", header: "<unistd.h>".}: cint
+      result = sysconf(SC_NPROC_ONLN)
+    elif defined(genode):
+      result = runtimeEnv.affinitySpaceTotal().int
+    elif defined(haiku):
+      var sysinfo: SystemInfo
+      if getSystemInfo(addr sysinfo) == 0:
+        result = sysinfo.cpuCount.int
+    else:
+      result = sysconf(SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
+    if result < 0: result = 0
 
-when defined(haiku):
-  type
-    SystemInfo {.importc: "system_info", header: "<OS.h>".} = object
-      cpuCount {.importc: "cpu_count".}: uint32
 
-  proc getSystemInfo(info: ptr SystemInfo): int32 {.importc: "get_system_info",
-                                                    header: "<OS.h>".}
 
 proc countProcessors*(): int {.rtl, extern: "ncpi$1".} =
   ## Returns the number of the processors/cores the machine has.
   ## Returns 0 if it cannot be detected.
-  when defined(windows):
-    var
-      si: SystemInfo
-    getSystemInfo(addr si)
-    result = int(si.dwNumberOfProcessors)
-  elif defined(macosx) or defined(bsd):
-    var
-      mib: array[0..3, cint]
-      numCPU: int
-    mib[0] = CTL_HW
-    mib[1] = HW_AVAILCPU
-    var len = sizeof(numCPU).csize_t
-    discard sysctl(addr(mib), 2, addr(numCPU), len, nil, 0)
-    if numCPU < 1:
-      mib[1] = HW_NCPU
-      discard sysctl(addr(mib), 2, addr(numCPU), len, nil, 0)
-    result = numCPU
-  elif defined(hpux):
-    result = mpctl(MPC_GETNUMSPUS, nil, nil)
-  elif defined(irix):
-    var SC_NPROC_ONLN {.importc: "_SC_NPROC_ONLN", header: "<unistd.h>".}: cint
-    result = sysconf(SC_NPROC_ONLN)
-  elif defined(genode):
-    result = runtimeEnv.affinitySpaceTotal().int
-  elif defined(haiku):
-    var sysinfo: SystemInfo
-    if getSystemInfo(addr sysinfo) == 0:
-      result = sysinfo.cpuCount.int
-  else:
-    result = sysconf(SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-  if result <= 0: result = 0
+  countProcessorsImpl()
diff --git a/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuload.nim b/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuload.nim
index 137dd67ad..bfbf16721 100644
--- a/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuload.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/concurrency/cpuload.nim
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
 ## Unstable API.
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean, os, strutils, math
+  import std/[winlean, os, strutils, math]
 
   proc `-`(a, b: FILETIME): int64 = a.rdFileTime - b.rdFileTime
 elif defined(linux):
-  from cpuinfo import countProcessors
+  from std/cpuinfo import countProcessors
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ proc advice*(s: var ThreadPoolState): ThreadPoolAdvice =
   inc s.calls
 
 when not defined(testing) and isMainModule and not defined(nimdoc):
-  import random
+  import std/random
 
   proc busyLoop() =
     while true:
diff --git a/lib/pure/concurrency/threadpool.nim b/lib/pure/concurrency/threadpool.nim
index e34162fa4..06ed2fe54 100644
--- a/lib/pure/concurrency/threadpool.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/concurrency/threadpool.nim
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 when not compileOption("threads"):
   {.error: "Threadpool requires --threads:on option.".}
 
-import cpuinfo, cpuload, locks, os
+import std/[cpuinfo, cpuload, locks, os]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, typedthreads, sysatomics]
diff --git a/lib/pure/cookies.nim b/lib/pure/cookies.nim
index 22704e434..f628aaf6b 100644
--- a/lib/pure/cookies.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/cookies.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## This module implements helper procs for parsing Cookies.
 
-import strtabs, times, options
+import std/[strtabs, times, options]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/pure/coro.nim b/lib/pure/coro.nim
index 5cdcb75fe..24836e316 100644
--- a/lib/pure/coro.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/coro.nim
@@ -29,8 +29,7 @@ when not nimCoroutines and not defined(nimdoc):
   else:
     {.error: "Coroutines require -d:nimCoroutines".}
 
-import os
-import lists
+import std/[os, lists]
 include system/timers
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ else:
   const coroBackend = CORO_BACKEND_UCONTEXT
 
 when coroBackend == CORO_BACKEND_FIBERS:
-  import windows/winlean
+  import std/winlean
   type
     Context = pointer
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/distros.nim b/lib/pure/distros.nim
index 58eacf633..9e71d4ce0 100644
--- a/lib/pure/distros.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/distros.nim
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ type
 
     BSD
     FreeBSD
+    NetBSD
     OpenBSD
     DragonFlyBSD
 
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@ proc detectOsImpl(d: Distribution): bool =
   else:
     when defined(bsd):
       case d
-      of Distribution.FreeBSD, Distribution.OpenBSD:
+      of Distribution.FreeBSD, Distribution.NetBSD, Distribution.OpenBSD:
         result = $d in uname()
       else:
         result = false
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ proc foreignDepInstallCmd*(foreignPackageName: string): (string, bool) =
       result = ("nix-env -i " & p, false)
     elif detectOs(Solaris) or detectOs(FreeBSD):
       result = ("pkg install " & p, true)
-    elif detectOs(OpenBSD):
+    elif detectOs(NetBSD) or detectOs(OpenBSD):
       result = ("pkg_add " & p, true)
     elif detectOs(PCLinuxOS):
       result = ("rpm -ivh " & p, true)
diff --git a/lib/pure/dynlib.nim b/lib/pure/dynlib.nim
index 48fd91b8f..a162fe37f 100644
--- a/lib/pure/dynlib.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/dynlib.nim
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ when defined(posix) and not defined(nintendoswitch):
   # as an emulation layer on top of native functions.
   # =========================================================================
   #
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
   proc loadLib(path: string, globalSymbols = false): LibHandle =
     let flags =
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ elif defined(genode):
   #
 
   template raiseErr(prc: string) =
-    raise newException(OSError, prc & " not implemented, compile with POSIX suport")
+    raise newException(OSError, prc & " not implemented, compile with POSIX support")
 
   proc dlclose(lib: LibHandle) =
     raiseErr(OSError, "dlclose")
diff --git a/lib/pure/encodings.nim b/lib/pure/encodings.nim
index 0d7e878e5..bbadca655 100644
--- a/lib/pure/encodings.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/encodings.nim
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ runnableExamples:
     assert fromGB2312.convert(second) == "有白头如新,倾盖如故"
 
 
-import os
+import std/os
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ type
                                         ## for encoding errors.
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import parseutils, strutils
+  import std/[parseutils, strutils]
   proc eqEncodingNames(a, b: string): bool =
     var i = 0
     var j = 0
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ proc open*(destEncoding = "UTF-8", srcEncoding = "CP1252"): EncodingConverter =
   ## Raises `EncodingError` if it cannot fulfill the request.
   when not defined(windows):
     result = iconvOpen(destEncoding, srcEncoding)
-    if result == nil:
+    if result == cast[EncodingConverter](-1):
       raise newException(EncodingError,
         "cannot create encoding converter from " &
         srcEncoding & " to " & destEncoding)
diff --git a/lib/pure/fenv.nim b/lib/pure/fenv.nim
index ddb6a1a0c..1d96fd6be 100644
--- a/lib/pure/fenv.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/fenv.nim
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 ## The types, vars and procs are bindings for the C standard library
 ## [<fenv.h>](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/fenv) header.
 
-when defined(posix) and not defined(genode):
+when defined(posix) and not defined(genode) and not defined(macosx):
   {.passl: "-lm".}
 
 var
diff --git a/lib/pure/hashes.nim b/lib/pure/hashes.nim
index 6d246d5b9..1038d55a1 100644
--- a/lib/pure/hashes.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/hashes.nim
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ proc hashData*(data: pointer, size: int): Hash =
   var h: Hash = 0
   when defined(js):
     var p: cstring
-    asm """`p` = `Data`"""
+    {.emit: """`p` = `Data`;""".}
   else:
     var p = cast[cstring](data)
   var i = 0
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ else:
 when defined(js):
   var objectID = 0
   proc getObjectId(x: pointer): int =
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       if (typeof `x` == "object") {
         if ("_NimID" in `x`)
           `result` = `x`["_NimID"];
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ when defined(js):
           `x`["_NimID"] = `result`;
         }
       }
-    """
+    """.}
 
 proc hash*(x: pointer): Hash {.inline.} =
   ## Efficient `hash` overload.
@@ -379,6 +379,158 @@ proc hashVmImplChar(x: openArray[char], sPos, ePos: int): Hash =
 proc hashVmImplByte(x: openArray[byte], sPos, ePos: int): Hash =
   raiseAssert "implementation override in compiler/vmops.nim"
 
+const k0 = 0xc3a5c85c97cb3127u64 # Primes on (2^63, 2^64) for various uses
+const k1 = 0xb492b66fbe98f273u64
+const k2 = 0x9ae16a3b2f90404fu64
+
+proc load4e(s: openArray[byte], o=0): uint32 {.inline.} =
+  uint32(s[o + 3]) shl 24 or uint32(s[o + 2]) shl 16 or
+  uint32(s[o + 1]) shl  8 or uint32(s[o + 0])
+
+proc load8e(s: openArray[byte], o=0): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  uint64(s[o + 7]) shl 56 or uint64(s[o + 6]) shl 48 or
+  uint64(s[o + 5]) shl 40 or uint64(s[o + 4]) shl 32 or
+  uint64(s[o + 3]) shl 24 or uint64(s[o + 2]) shl 16 or
+  uint64(s[o + 1]) shl  8 or uint64(s[o + 0])
+
+proc load4(s: openArray[byte], o=0): uint32 {.inline.} =
+  when nimvm: result = load4e(s, o)
+  else:
+    when declared copyMem: copyMem result.addr, s[o].addr, result.sizeof
+    else: result = load4e(s, o)
+
+proc load8(s: openArray[byte], o=0): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  when nimvm: result = load8e(s, o)
+  else:
+    when declared copyMem: copyMem result.addr, s[o].addr, result.sizeof
+    else: result = load8e(s, o)
+
+proc lenU(s: openArray[byte]): uint64 {.inline.} = s.len.uint64
+
+proc shiftMix(v: uint64): uint64 {.inline.} = v xor (v shr 47)
+
+proc rotR(v: uint64; bits: cint): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  (v shr bits) or (v shl (64 - bits))
+
+proc len16(u: uint64; v: uint64; mul: uint64): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  var a = (u xor v)*mul
+  a = a xor (a shr 47)
+  var b = (v xor a)*mul
+  b = b xor (b shr 47)
+  b*mul
+
+proc len0_16(s: openArray[byte]): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  if s.len >= 8:
+    let mul = k2 + 2*s.lenU
+    let a   = load8(s) + k2
+    let b   = load8(s, s.len - 8)
+    let c   = rotR(b, 37)*mul + a
+    let d   = (rotR(a, 25) + b)*mul
+    len16 c, d, mul
+  elif s.len >= 4:
+    let mul = k2 + 2*s.lenU
+    let a   = load4(s).uint64
+    len16 s.lenU + (a shl 3), load4(s, s.len - 4), mul
+  elif s.len > 0:
+    let a = uint32(s[0])
+    let b = uint32(s[s.len shr 1])
+    let c = uint32(s[s.len - 1])
+    let y = a      + (b shl 8)
+    let z = s.lenU + (c shl 2)
+    shiftMix(y*k2 xor z*k0)*k2
+  else: k2      # s.len == 0
+
+proc len17_32(s: openArray[byte]): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  let mul = k2 + 2*s.lenU
+  let a = load8(s)*k1
+  let b = load8(s, 8)
+  let c = load8(s, s.len - 8)*mul
+  let d = load8(s, s.len - 16)*k2
+  len16 rotR(a + b, 43) + rotR(c, 30) + d, a + rotR(b + k2, 18) + c, mul
+
+proc len33_64(s: openArray[byte]): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  let mul = k2 + 2*s.lenU
+  let a = load8(s)*k2
+  let b = load8(s, 8)
+  let c = load8(s, s.len - 8)*mul
+  let d = load8(s, s.len - 16)*k2
+  let y = rotR(a + b, 43) + rotR(c, 30) + d
+  let z = len16(y, a + rotR(b + k2, 18) + c, mul)
+  let e = load8(s, 16)*mul
+  let f = load8(s, 24)
+  let g = (y + load8(s, s.len - 32))*mul
+  let h = (z + load8(s, s.len - 24))*mul
+  len16 rotR(e + f, 43) + rotR(g, 30) + h, e + rotR(f + a, 18) + g, mul
+
+type Pair = tuple[first, second: uint64]
+
+proc weakLen32withSeeds2(w, x, y, z, a, b: uint64): Pair {.inline.} =
+  var a = a + w
+  var b = rotR(b + a + z, 21)
+  let c = a
+  a += x
+  a += y
+  b += rotR(a, 44)
+  result[0] = a + z
+  result[1] = b + c
+
+proc weakLen32withSeeds(s: openArray[byte]; o: int; a,b: uint64): Pair {.inline.} =
+  weakLen32withSeeds2 load8(s, o     ), load8(s, o + 8),
+                      load8(s, o + 16), load8(s, o + 24), a, b
+
+proc hashFarm(s: openArray[byte]): uint64 {.inline.} =
+  if s.len <= 16: return len0_16(s)
+  if s.len <= 32: return len17_32(s)
+  if s.len <= 64: return len33_64(s)
+  const seed = 81u64 # not const to use input `h`
+  var
+    o = 0         # s[] ptr arith -> variable origin variable `o`
+    x = seed
+    y = seed*k1 + 113
+    z = shiftMix(y*k2 + 113)*k2
+    v, w: Pair
+  x = x*k2 + load8(s)
+  let eos    = ((s.len - 1) div 64)*64
+  let last64 = eos + ((s.len - 1) and 63) - 63
+  while true:
+    x = rotR(x + y + v[0] + load8(s, o+8), 37)*k1
+    y = rotR(y + v[1] + load8(s, o+48), 42)*k1
+    x = x xor w[1]
+    y += v[0] + load8(s, o+40)
+    z = rotR(z + w[0], 33)*k1
+    v = weakLen32withSeeds(s, o+0 , v[1]*k1, x + w[0])
+    w = weakLen32withSeeds(s, o+32, z + w[1], y + load8(s, o+16))
+    swap z, x
+    inc o, 64
+    if o == eos: break
+  let mul = k1 + ((z and 0xff) shl 1)
+  o = last64
+  w[0] += (s.lenU - 1) and 63
+  v[0] += w[0]
+  w[0] += v[0]
+  x = rotR(x + y + v[0] + load8(s, o+8), 37)*mul
+  y = rotR(y + v[1] + load8(s, o+48), 42)*mul
+  x = x xor w[1]*9
+  y += v[0]*9 + load8(s, o+40)
+  z = rotR(z + w[0], 33)*mul
+  v = weakLen32withSeeds(s, o+0 , v[1]*mul, x + w[0])
+  w = weakLen32withSeeds(s, o+32, z + w[1], y + load8(s, o+16))
+  swap z, x
+  len16 len16(v[0],w[0],mul) + shiftMix(y)*k0 + z, len16(v[1],w[1],mul) + x, mul
+
+template jsNoInt64: untyped =
+  when defined js:
+    when compiles(compileOption("jsbigint64")):
+      when not compileOption("jsbigint64"): true
+      else: false
+    else: false
+  else: false
+const sHash2 = (when defined(nimStringHash2) or jsNoInt64(): true else: false)
+
+template maybeFailJS_Number =
+  when jsNoInt64() and not defined(nimStringHash2):
+    {.error: "Must use `-d:nimStringHash2` when using `--jsbigint64:off`".}
+
 proc hash*(x: string): Hash =
   ## Efficient hashing of strings.
   ##
@@ -387,11 +539,14 @@ proc hash*(x: string): Hash =
   ## * `hashIgnoreCase <#hashIgnoreCase,string>`_
   runnableExamples:
     doAssert hash("abracadabra") != hash("AbracadabrA")
-
-  when nimvm:
-    result = hashVmImpl(x, 0, high(x))
+  maybeFailJS_Number()
+  when not sHash2:
+    result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high)))
   else:
-    result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, high(x)))
+    #when nimvm:
+    #  result = hashVmImpl(x, 0, high(x))
+    when true:
+      result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, high(x)))
 
 proc hash*(x: cstring): Hash =
   ## Efficient hashing of null-terminated strings.
@@ -400,14 +555,22 @@ proc hash*(x: cstring): Hash =
     doAssert hash(cstring"AbracadabrA") == hash("AbracadabrA")
     doAssert hash(cstring"abracadabra") != hash(cstring"AbracadabrA")
 
-  when nimvm:
-    hashVmImpl(x, 0, high(x))
-  else:
-    when not defined(js):
-      murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high))
-    else:
+  maybeFailJS_Number()
+  when not sHash2:
+    when defined js:
       let xx = $x
-      murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(xx, 0, high(xx)))
+      result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArrayByte(xx, 0, xx.high)))
+    else:
+      result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high)))
+  else:
+    #when nimvm:
+    #  result = hashVmImpl(x, 0, high(x))
+    when true:
+      when not defined(js):
+        result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high))
+      else:
+        let xx = $x
+        result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(xx, 0, high(xx)))
 
 proc hash*(sBuf: string, sPos, ePos: int): Hash =
   ## Efficient hashing of a string buffer, from starting
@@ -418,7 +581,11 @@ proc hash*(sBuf: string, sPos, ePos: int): Hash =
     var a = "abracadabra"
     doAssert hash(a, 0, 3) == hash(a, 7, 10)
 
-  murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(sBuf, sPos, ePos))
+  maybeFailJS_Number()
+  when not sHash2:
+    result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArrayByte(sBuf, sPos, ePos)))
+  else:
+    murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(sBuf, sPos, ePos))
 
 proc hashIgnoreStyle*(x: string): Hash =
   ## Efficient hashing of strings; style is ignored.
@@ -553,12 +720,18 @@ proc hash*[A](x: openArray[A]): Hash =
   ## Efficient hashing of arrays and sequences.
   ## There must be a `hash` proc defined for the element type `A`.
   when A is byte:
-    result = murmurHash(x)
+    when not sHash2:
+      result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(x))
+    else:
+      result = murmurHash(x)
   elif A is char:
-    when nimvm:
-      result = hashVmImplChar(x, 0, x.high)
+    when not sHash2:
+      result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high)))
     else:
-      result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high))
+      #when nimvm:
+      #  result = hashVmImplChar(x, 0, x.high)
+      when true:
+        result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(x, 0, x.high))
   else:
     result = 0
     for a in x:
@@ -574,17 +747,24 @@ proc hash*[A](aBuf: openArray[A], sPos, ePos: int): Hash =
   runnableExamples:
     let a = [1, 2, 5, 1, 2, 6]
     doAssert hash(a, 0, 1) == hash(a, 3, 4)
-
   when A is byte:
-    when nimvm:
-      result = hashVmImplByte(aBuf, sPos, ePos)
+    maybeFailJS_Number()
+    when not sHash2:
+      result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArray(aBuf, sPos, ePos)))
     else:
-      result = murmurHash(toOpenArray(aBuf, sPos, ePos))
+      #when nimvm:
+      #  result = hashVmImplByte(aBuf, sPos, ePos)
+      when true:
+        result = murmurHash(toOpenArray(aBuf, sPos, ePos))
   elif A is char:
-    when nimvm:
-      result = hashVmImplChar(aBuf, sPos, ePos)
+    maybeFailJS_Number()
+    when not sHash2:
+      result = cast[Hash](hashFarm(toOpenArrayByte(aBuf, sPos, ePos)))
     else:
-      result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(aBuf, sPos, ePos))
+      #when nimvm:
+      #  result = hashVmImplChar(aBuf, sPos, ePos)
+      when true:
+        result = murmurHash(toOpenArrayByte(aBuf, sPos, ePos))
   else:
     for i in sPos .. ePos:
       result = result !& hash(aBuf[i])
diff --git a/lib/pure/htmlgen.nim b/lib/pure/htmlgen.nim
index be9e1fe90..fafa72463 100644
--- a/lib/pure/htmlgen.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/htmlgen.nim
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #
 
 ## Do yourself a favor and import the module
-## as `from htmlgen import nil` and then fully qualify the macros.
+## as `from std/htmlgen import nil` and then fully qualify the macros.
 ##
 ## *Note*: The Karax project (`nimble install karax`) has a better
 ## way to achieve the same, see https://github.com/pragmagic/karax/blob/master/tests/nativehtmlgen.nim
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 ##
 
 import
-  macros, strutils
+  std/[macros, strutils]
 
 const
   coreAttr* = " accesskey class contenteditable dir hidden id lang " &
diff --git a/lib/pure/htmlparser.nim b/lib/pure/htmlparser.nim
index 0de384a8e..62919546f 100644
--- a/lib/pure/htmlparser.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/htmlparser.nim
@@ -47,7 +47,9 @@
 ##     writeFile("output.html", $html)
 ##   ```
 
-import strutils, streams, parsexml, xmltree, unicode, strtabs
+{.deprecated: "use `nimble install htmlparser` and import `pkg/htmlparser` instead".}
+
+import std/[strutils, streams, parsexml, xmltree, unicode, strtabs]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -2062,7 +2064,7 @@ proc loadHtml*(path: string): XmlNode =
   result = loadHtml(path, errors)
 
 when not defined(testing) and isMainModule:
-  import os
+  import std/os
 
   var errors: seq[string] = @[]
   var x = loadHtml(paramStr(1), errors)
diff --git a/lib/pure/httpclient.nim b/lib/pure/httpclient.nim
index ddf208e4e..08ea99627 100644
--- a/lib/pure/httpclient.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/httpclient.nim
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ proc contentLength*(response: Response | AsyncResponse): int =
   ##
   ## A `ValueError` exception will be raised if the value is not an integer.
   ## If the Content-Length header is not set in the response, ContentLength is set to the value -1.
-  var contentLengthHeader = response.headers.getOrDefault("Content-Length", @["-1"])
+  var contentLengthHeader = response.headers.getOrDefault("Content-Length", HttpHeaderValues(@["-1"]))
   result = contentLengthHeader.parseInt()
 
 proc lastModified*(response: Response | AsyncResponse): DateTime =
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ type
                                         ## and `postContent` proc,
                                         ## when the server returns an error
 
-const defUserAgent* = "Nim httpclient/" & NimVersion
+const defUserAgent* = "Nim-httpclient/" & NimVersion
 
 proc httpError(msg: string) =
   var e: ref ProtocolError
@@ -856,6 +856,7 @@ proc parseResponse(client: HttpClient | AsyncHttpClient,
   var parsedStatus = false
   var linei = 0
   var fullyRead = false
+  var lastHeaderName = ""
   var line = ""
   result.headers = newHttpHeaders()
   while true:
@@ -890,16 +891,29 @@ proc parseResponse(client: HttpClient | AsyncHttpClient,
       parsedStatus = true
     else:
       # Parse headers
-      var name = ""
-      var le = parseUntil(line, name, ':', linei)
-      if le <= 0: httpError("invalid headers")
-      inc(linei, le)
-      if line[linei] != ':': httpError("invalid headers")
-      inc(linei) # Skip :
-
-      result.headers.add(name, line[linei .. ^1].strip())
-      if result.headers.len > headerLimit:
-        httpError("too many headers")
+      # There's at least one char because empty lines are handled above (with client.close)
+      if line[0] in {' ', '\t'}:
+        # Check if it's a multiline header value, if so, append to the header we're currently parsing
+        # This works because a line with a header must start with the header name without any leading space
+        # See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7230, section 3.2 and 3.2.4
+        # Multiline headers are deprecated in the spec, but it's better to parse them than crash
+        if lastHeaderName == "":
+          # Some extra unparsable lines in the HTTP output - we ignore them
+          discard
+        else:
+          result.headers.table[result.headers.toCaseInsensitive(lastHeaderName)][^1].add "\n" & line
+      else:
+        var name = ""
+        var le = parseUntil(line, name, ':', linei)
+        if le <= 0: httpError("Invalid headers - received empty header name")
+        if line.len == le: httpError("Invalid headers - no colon after header name")
+        inc(linei, le) # Skip the parsed header name
+        inc(linei) # Skip :
+        # If we want to be HTTP spec compliant later, error on linei == line.len (for empty header value)
+        lastHeaderName = name # Remember the header name for the possible multi-line header
+        result.headers.add(name, line[linei .. ^1].strip())
+        if result.headers.len > headerLimit:
+          httpError("too many headers")
 
   if not fullyRead:
     httpError("Connection was closed before full request has been made")
@@ -1218,7 +1232,7 @@ proc responseContent(resp: Response | AsyncResponse): Future[string] {.multisync
   ## A `HttpRequestError` will be raised if the server responds with a
   ## client error (status code 4xx) or a server error (status code 5xx).
   if resp.code.is4xx or resp.code.is5xx:
-    raise newException(HttpRequestError, resp.status)
+    raise newException(HttpRequestError, resp.status.move)
   else:
     return await resp.bodyStream.readAll()
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/httpcore.nim b/lib/pure/httpcore.nim
index 3b5cbc3cf..5ccab379c 100644
--- a/lib/pure/httpcore.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/httpcore.nim
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 ##
 ## Unstable API.
 import std/private/since
-import tables, strutils, parseutils
+import std/[tables, strutils, parseutils]
 
 type
   HttpHeaders* = ref object
@@ -126,7 +126,8 @@ func toTitleCase(s: string): string =
     result[i] = if upper: toUpperAscii(s[i]) else: toLowerAscii(s[i])
     upper = s[i] == '-'
 
-func toCaseInsensitive(headers: HttpHeaders, s: string): string {.inline.} =
+func toCaseInsensitive*(headers: HttpHeaders, s: string): string {.inline.} =
+  ## For internal usage only. Do not use.
   return if headers.isTitleCase: toTitleCase(s) else: toLowerAscii(s)
 
 func newHttpHeaders*(titleCase=false): HttpHeaders =
@@ -163,7 +164,8 @@ func `[]`*(headers: HttpHeaders, key: string): HttpHeaderValues =
   ## To access multiple values of a key, use the overloaded `[]` below or
   ## to get all of them access the `table` field directly.
   {.cast(noSideEffect).}:
-    return headers.table[headers.toCaseInsensitive(key)].HttpHeaderValues
+    let tmp = headers.table[headers.toCaseInsensitive(key)]
+    return HttpHeaderValues(tmp)
 
 converter toString*(values: HttpHeaderValues): string =
   return seq[string](values)[0]
@@ -233,10 +235,9 @@ func parseList(line: string, list: var seq[string], start: int): int =
   while start+i < line.len and line[start + i] notin {'\c', '\l'}:
     i += line.skipWhitespace(start + i)
     i += line.parseUntil(current, {'\c', '\l', ','}, start + i)
-    list.add(current)
+    list.add(move current)  # implicit current.setLen(0)
     if start+i < line.len and line[start + i] == ',':
       i.inc # Skip ,
-    current.setLen(0)
 
 func parseHeader*(line: string): tuple[key: string, value: seq[string]] =
   ## Parses a single raw header HTTP line into key value pairs.
diff --git a/lib/pure/includes/unicode_ranges.nim b/lib/pure/includes/unicode_ranges.nim
index 74c8c6399..04ccfb747 100644
--- a/lib/pure/includes/unicode_ranges.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/includes/unicode_ranges.nim
@@ -2,1988 +2,1979 @@
 
 const
   toLowerRanges = [
-    0x00041, 0x0005A, 532,
-    0x000C0, 0x000D6, 532,
-    0x000D8, 0x000DE, 532,
-    0x00189, 0x0018A, 705,
-    0x001B1, 0x001B2, 717,
-    0x00388, 0x0038A, 537,
-    0x0038E, 0x0038F, 563,
-    0x00391, 0x003A1, 532,
-    0x003A3, 0x003AB, 532,
-    0x003FD, 0x003FF, 370,
-    0x00400, 0x0040F, 580,
-    0x00410, 0x0042F, 532,
-    0x00531, 0x00556, 548,
-    0x010A0, 0x010C5, 7764,
-    0x013A0, 0x013EF, 39364,
-    0x013F0, 0x013F5, 508,
-    0x01C90, 0x01CBA, -2508,
-    0x01CBD, 0x01CBF, -2508,
-    0x01F08, 0x01F0F, 492,
-    0x01F18, 0x01F1D, 492,
-    0x01F28, 0x01F2F, 492,
-    0x01F38, 0x01F3F, 492,
-    0x01F48, 0x01F4D, 492,
-    0x01F68, 0x01F6F, 492,
-    0x01F88, 0x01F8F, 492,
-    0x01F98, 0x01F9F, 492,
-    0x01FA8, 0x01FAF, 492,
-    0x01FB8, 0x01FB9, 492,
-    0x01FBA, 0x01FBB, 426,
-    0x01FC8, 0x01FCB, 414,
-    0x01FD8, 0x01FD9, 492,
-    0x01FDA, 0x01FDB, 400,
-    0x01FE8, 0x01FE9, 492,
-    0x01FEA, 0x01FEB, 388,
-    0x01FF8, 0x01FF9, 372,
-    0x01FFA, 0x01FFB, 374,
-    0x02C00, 0x02C2E, 548,
-    0x02C7E, 0x02C7F, -10315,
-    0x0FF21, 0x0FF3A, 532,
-    0x10400, 0x10427, 540,
-    0x104B0, 0x104D3, 540,
-    0x10C80, 0x10CB2, 564,
-    0x118A0, 0x118BF, 532,
-    0x16E40, 0x16E5F, 532,
-    0x1E900, 0x1E921, 534,
+    0x00041'i32, 0x0005A'i32, 532,
+    0x000C0'i32, 0x000D6'i32, 532,
+    0x000D8'i32, 0x000DE'i32, 532,
+    0x00189'i32, 0x0018A'i32, 705,
+    0x001B1'i32, 0x001B2'i32, 717,
+    0x00388'i32, 0x0038A'i32, 537,
+    0x0038E'i32, 0x0038F'i32, 563,
+    0x00391'i32, 0x003A1'i32, 532,
+    0x003A3'i32, 0x003AB'i32, 532,
+    0x003FD'i32, 0x003FF'i32, 370,
+    0x00400'i32, 0x0040F'i32, 580,
+    0x00410'i32, 0x0042F'i32, 532,
+    0x00531'i32, 0x00556'i32, 548,
+    0x010A0'i32, 0x010C5'i32, 7764,
+    0x013A0'i32, 0x013EF'i32, 39364,
+    0x013F0'i32, 0x013F5'i32, 508,
+    0x01C90'i32, 0x01CBA'i32, -2508,
+    0x01CBD'i32, 0x01CBF'i32, -2508,
+    0x01F08'i32, 0x01F0F'i32, 492,
+    0x01F18'i32, 0x01F1D'i32, 492,
+    0x01F28'i32, 0x01F2F'i32, 492,
+    0x01F38'i32, 0x01F3F'i32, 492,
+    0x01F48'i32, 0x01F4D'i32, 492,
+    0x01F68'i32, 0x01F6F'i32, 492,
+    0x01F88'i32, 0x01F8F'i32, 492,
+    0x01F98'i32, 0x01F9F'i32, 492,
+    0x01FA8'i32, 0x01FAF'i32, 492,
+    0x01FB8'i32, 0x01FB9'i32, 492,
+    0x01FBA'i32, 0x01FBB'i32, 426,
+    0x01FC8'i32, 0x01FCB'i32, 414,
+    0x01FD8'i32, 0x01FD9'i32, 492,
+    0x01FDA'i32, 0x01FDB'i32, 400,
+    0x01FE8'i32, 0x01FE9'i32, 492,
+    0x01FEA'i32, 0x01FEB'i32, 388,
+    0x01FF8'i32, 0x01FF9'i32, 372,
+    0x01FFA'i32, 0x01FFB'i32, 374,
+    0x02C00'i32, 0x02C2E'i32, 548,
+    0x02C7E'i32, 0x02C7F'i32, -10315,
+    0x0FF21'i32, 0x0FF3A'i32, 532,
+    0x10400'i32, 0x10427'i32, 540,
+    0x104B0'i32, 0x104D3'i32, 540,
+    0x10C80'i32, 0x10CB2'i32, 564,
+    0x118A0'i32, 0x118BF'i32, 532,
+    0x16E40'i32, 0x16E5F'i32, 532,
+    0x1E900'i32, 0x1E921'i32, 534,
   ]
 
   toLowerSinglets = [
-    0x00100, 501,
-    0x00102, 501,
-    0x00104, 501,
-    0x00106, 501,
-    0x00108, 501,
-    0x0010A, 501,
-    0x0010C, 501,
-    0x0010E, 501,
-    0x00110, 501,
-    0x00112, 501,
-    0x00114, 501,
-    0x00116, 501,
-    0x00118, 501,
-    0x0011A, 501,
-    0x0011C, 501,
-    0x0011E, 501,
-    0x00120, 501,
-    0x00122, 501,
-    0x00124, 501,
-    0x00126, 501,
-    0x00128, 501,
-    0x0012A, 501,
-    0x0012C, 501,
-    0x0012E, 501,
-    0x00130, 301,
-    0x00132, 501,
-    0x00134, 501,
-    0x00136, 501,
-    0x00139, 501,
-    0x0013B, 501,
-    0x0013D, 501,
-    0x0013F, 501,
-    0x00141, 501,
-    0x00143, 501,
-    0x00145, 501,
-    0x00147, 501,
-    0x0014A, 501,
-    0x0014C, 501,
-    0x0014E, 501,
-    0x00150, 501,
-    0x00152, 501,
-    0x00154, 501,
-    0x00156, 501,
-    0x00158, 501,
-    0x0015A, 501,
-    0x0015C, 501,
-    0x0015E, 501,
-    0x00160, 501,
-    0x00162, 501,
-    0x00164, 501,
-    0x00166, 501,
-    0x00168, 501,
-    0x0016A, 501,
-    0x0016C, 501,
-    0x0016E, 501,
-    0x00170, 501,
-    0x00172, 501,
-    0x00174, 501,
-    0x00176, 501,
-    0x00178, 379,
-    0x00179, 501,
-    0x0017B, 501,
-    0x0017D, 501,
-    0x00181, 710,
-    0x00182, 501,
-    0x00184, 501,
-    0x00186, 706,
-    0x00187, 501,
-    0x0018B, 501,
-    0x0018E, 579,
-    0x0018F, 702,
-    0x00190, 703,
-    0x00191, 501,
-    0x00193, 705,
-    0x00194, 707,
-    0x00196, 711,
-    0x00197, 709,
-    0x00198, 501,
-    0x0019C, 711,
-    0x0019D, 713,
-    0x0019F, 714,
-    0x001A0, 501,
-    0x001A2, 501,
-    0x001A4, 501,
-    0x001A6, 718,
-    0x001A7, 501,
-    0x001A9, 718,
-    0x001AC, 501,
-    0x001AE, 718,
-    0x001AF, 501,
-    0x001B3, 501,
-    0x001B5, 501,
-    0x001B7, 719,
-    0x001B8, 501,
-    0x001BC, 501,
-    0x001C4, 502,
-    0x001C5, 501,
-    0x001C7, 502,
-    0x001C8, 501,
-    0x001CA, 502,
-    0x001CB, 501,
-    0x001CD, 501,
-    0x001CF, 501,
-    0x001D1, 501,
-    0x001D3, 501,
-    0x001D5, 501,
-    0x001D7, 501,
-    0x001D9, 501,
-    0x001DB, 501,
-    0x001DE, 501,
-    0x001E0, 501,
-    0x001E2, 501,
-    0x001E4, 501,
-    0x001E6, 501,
-    0x001E8, 501,
-    0x001EA, 501,
-    0x001EC, 501,
-    0x001EE, 501,
-    0x001F1, 502,
-    0x001F2, 501,
-    0x001F4, 501,
-    0x001F6, 403,
-    0x001F7, 444,
-    0x001F8, 501,
-    0x001FA, 501,
-    0x001FC, 501,
-    0x001FE, 501,
-    0x00200, 501,
-    0x00202, 501,
-    0x00204, 501,
-    0x00206, 501,
-    0x00208, 501,
-    0x0020A, 501,
-    0x0020C, 501,
-    0x0020E, 501,
-    0x00210, 501,
-    0x00212, 501,
-    0x00214, 501,
-    0x00216, 501,
-    0x00218, 501,
-    0x0021A, 501,
-    0x0021C, 501,
-    0x0021E, 501,
-    0x00220, 370,
-    0x00222, 501,
-    0x00224, 501,
-    0x00226, 501,
-    0x00228, 501,
-    0x0022A, 501,
-    0x0022C, 501,
-    0x0022E, 501,
-    0x00230, 501,
-    0x00232, 501,
-    0x0023A, 11295,
-    0x0023B, 501,
-    0x0023D, 337,
-    0x0023E, 11292,
-    0x00241, 501,
-    0x00243, 305,
-    0x00244, 569,
-    0x00245, 571,
-    0x00246, 501,
-    0x00248, 501,
-    0x0024A, 501,
-    0x0024C, 501,
-    0x0024E, 501,
-    0x00370, 501,
-    0x00372, 501,
-    0x00376, 501,
-    0x0037F, 616,
-    0x00386, 538,
-    0x0038C, 564,
-    0x003CF, 508,
-    0x003D8, 501,
-    0x003DA, 501,
-    0x003DC, 501,
-    0x003DE, 501,
-    0x003E0, 501,
-    0x003E2, 501,
-    0x003E4, 501,
-    0x003E6, 501,
-    0x003E8, 501,
-    0x003EA, 501,
-    0x003EC, 501,
-    0x003EE, 501,
-    0x003F4, 440,
-    0x003F7, 501,
-    0x003F9, 493,
-    0x003FA, 501,
-    0x00460, 501,
-    0x00462, 501,
-    0x00464, 501,
-    0x00466, 501,
-    0x00468, 501,
-    0x0046A, 501,
-    0x0046C, 501,
-    0x0046E, 501,
-    0x00470, 501,
-    0x00472, 501,
-    0x00474, 501,
-    0x00476, 501,
-    0x00478, 501,
-    0x0047A, 501,
-    0x0047C, 501,
-    0x0047E, 501,
-    0x00480, 501,
-    0x0048A, 501,
-    0x0048C, 501,
-    0x0048E, 501,
-    0x00490, 501,
-    0x00492, 501,
-    0x00494, 501,
-    0x00496, 501,
-    0x00498, 501,
-    0x0049A, 501,
-    0x0049C, 501,
-    0x0049E, 501,
-    0x004A0, 501,
-    0x004A2, 501,
-    0x004A4, 501,
-    0x004A6, 501,
-    0x004A8, 501,
-    0x004AA, 501,
-    0x004AC, 501,
-    0x004AE, 501,
-    0x004B0, 501,
-    0x004B2, 501,
-    0x004B4, 501,
-    0x004B6, 501,
-    0x004B8, 501,
-    0x004BA, 501,
-    0x004BC, 501,
-    0x004BE, 501,
-    0x004C0, 515,
-    0x004C1, 501,
-    0x004C3, 501,
-    0x004C5, 501,
-    0x004C7, 501,
-    0x004C9, 501,
-    0x004CB, 501,
-    0x004CD, 501,
-    0x004D0, 501,
-    0x004D2, 501,
-    0x004D4, 501,
-    0x004D6, 501,
-    0x004D8, 501,
-    0x004DA, 501,
-    0x004DC, 501,
-    0x004DE, 501,
-    0x004E0, 501,
-    0x004E2, 501,
-    0x004E4, 501,
-    0x004E6, 501,
-    0x004E8, 501,
-    0x004EA, 501,
-    0x004EC, 501,
-    0x004EE, 501,
-    0x004F0, 501,
-    0x004F2, 501,
-    0x004F4, 501,
-    0x004F6, 501,
-    0x004F8, 501,
-    0x004FA, 501,
-    0x004FC, 501,
-    0x004FE, 501,
-    0x00500, 501,
-    0x00502, 501,
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+    0x0050A'i32, 501,
+    0x0050C'i32, 501,
+    0x0050E'i32, 501,
+    0x00510'i32, 501,
+    0x00512'i32, 501,
+    0x00514'i32, 501,
+    0x00516'i32, 501,
+    0x00518'i32, 501,
+    0x0051A'i32, 501,
+    0x0051C'i32, 501,
+    0x0051E'i32, 501,
+    0x00520'i32, 501,
+    0x00522'i32, 501,
+    0x00524'i32, 501,
+    0x00526'i32, 501,
+    0x00528'i32, 501,
+    0x0052A'i32, 501,
+    0x0052C'i32, 501,
+    0x0052E'i32, 501,
+    0x010C7'i32, 7764,
+    0x010CD'i32, 7764,
+    0x01E00'i32, 501,
+    0x01E02'i32, 501,
+    0x01E04'i32, 501,
+    0x01E06'i32, 501,
+    0x01E08'i32, 501,
+    0x01E0A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E0C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E0E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E10'i32, 501,
+    0x01E12'i32, 501,
+    0x01E14'i32, 501,
+    0x01E16'i32, 501,
+    0x01E18'i32, 501,
+    0x01E1A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E1C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E1E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E20'i32, 501,
+    0x01E22'i32, 501,
+    0x01E24'i32, 501,
+    0x01E26'i32, 501,
+    0x01E28'i32, 501,
+    0x01E2A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E2C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E2E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E30'i32, 501,
+    0x01E32'i32, 501,
+    0x01E34'i32, 501,
+    0x01E36'i32, 501,
+    0x01E38'i32, 501,
+    0x01E3A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E3C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E3E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E40'i32, 501,
+    0x01E42'i32, 501,
+    0x01E44'i32, 501,
+    0x01E46'i32, 501,
+    0x01E48'i32, 501,
+    0x01E4A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E4C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E4E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E50'i32, 501,
+    0x01E52'i32, 501,
+    0x01E54'i32, 501,
+    0x01E56'i32, 501,
+    0x01E58'i32, 501,
+    0x01E5A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E5C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E5E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E60'i32, 501,
+    0x01E62'i32, 501,
+    0x01E64'i32, 501,
+    0x01E66'i32, 501,
+    0x01E68'i32, 501,
+    0x01E6A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E6C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E6E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E70'i32, 501,
+    0x01E72'i32, 501,
+    0x01E74'i32, 501,
+    0x01E76'i32, 501,
+    0x01E78'i32, 501,
+    0x01E7A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E7C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E7E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E80'i32, 501,
+    0x01E82'i32, 501,
+    0x01E84'i32, 501,
+    0x01E86'i32, 501,
+    0x01E88'i32, 501,
+    0x01E8A'i32, 501,
+    0x01E8C'i32, 501,
+    0x01E8E'i32, 501,
+    0x01E90'i32, 501,
+    0x01E92'i32, 501,
+    0x01E94'i32, 501,
+    0x01E9E'i32, -7115,
+    0x01EA0'i32, 501,
+    0x01EA2'i32, 501,
+    0x01EA4'i32, 501,
+    0x01EA6'i32, 501,
+    0x01EA8'i32, 501,
+    0x01EAA'i32, 501,
+    0x01EAC'i32, 501,
+    0x01EAE'i32, 501,
+    0x01EB0'i32, 501,
+    0x01EB2'i32, 501,
+    0x01EB4'i32, 501,
+    0x01EB6'i32, 501,
+    0x01EB8'i32, 501,
+    0x01EBA'i32, 501,
+    0x01EBC'i32, 501,
+    0x01EBE'i32, 501,
+    0x01EC0'i32, 501,
+    0x01EC2'i32, 501,
+    0x01EC4'i32, 501,
+    0x01EC6'i32, 501,
+    0x01EC8'i32, 501,
+    0x01ECA'i32, 501,
+    0x01ECC'i32, 501,
+    0x01ECE'i32, 501,
+    0x01ED0'i32, 501,
+    0x01ED2'i32, 501,
+    0x01ED4'i32, 501,
+    0x01ED6'i32, 501,
+    0x01ED8'i32, 501,
+    0x01EDA'i32, 501,
+    0x01EDC'i32, 501,
+    0x01EDE'i32, 501,
+    0x01EE0'i32, 501,
+    0x01EE2'i32, 501,
+    0x01EE4'i32, 501,
+    0x01EE6'i32, 501,
+    0x01EE8'i32, 501,
+    0x01EEA'i32, 501,
+    0x01EEC'i32, 501,
+    0x01EEE'i32, 501,
+    0x01EF0'i32, 501,
+    0x01EF2'i32, 501,
+    0x01EF4'i32, 501,
+    0x01EF6'i32, 501,
+    0x01EF8'i32, 501,
+    0x01EFA'i32, 501,
+    0x01EFC'i32, 501,
+    0x01EFE'i32, 501,
+    0x01F59'i32, 492,
+    0x01F5B'i32, 492,
+    0x01F5D'i32, 492,
+    0x01F5F'i32, 492,
+    0x01FBC'i32, 491,
+    0x01FCC'i32, 491,
+    0x01FEC'i32, 493,
+    0x01FFC'i32, 491,
+    0x02126'i32, -7017,
+    0x0212A'i32, -7883,
+    0x0212B'i32, -7762,
+    0x02132'i32, 528,
+    0x02183'i32, 501,
+    0x02C60'i32, 501,
+    0x02C62'i32, -10243,
+    0x02C63'i32, -3314,
+    0x02C64'i32, -10227,
+    0x02C67'i32, 501,
+    0x02C69'i32, 501,
+    0x02C6B'i32, 501,
+    0x02C6D'i32, -10280,
+    0x02C6E'i32, -10249,
+    0x02C6F'i32, -10283,
+    0x02C70'i32, -10282,
+    0x02C72'i32, 501,
+    0x02C75'i32, 501,
+    0x02C80'i32, 501,
+    0x02C82'i32, 501,
+    0x02C84'i32, 501,
+    0x02C86'i32, 501,
+    0x02C88'i32, 501,
+    0x02C8A'i32, 501,
+    0x02C8C'i32, 501,
+    0x02C8E'i32, 501,
+    0x02C90'i32, 501,
+    0x02C92'i32, 501,
+    0x02C94'i32, 501,
+    0x02C96'i32, 501,
+    0x02C98'i32, 501,
+    0x02C9A'i32, 501,
+    0x02C9C'i32, 501,
+    0x02C9E'i32, 501,
+    0x02CA0'i32, 501,
+    0x02CA2'i32, 501,
+    0x02CA4'i32, 501,
+    0x02CA6'i32, 501,
+    0x02CA8'i32, 501,
+    0x02CAA'i32, 501,
+    0x02CAC'i32, 501,
+    0x02CAE'i32, 501,
+    0x02CB0'i32, 501,
+    0x02CB2'i32, 501,
+    0x02CB4'i32, 501,
+    0x02CB6'i32, 501,
+    0x02CB8'i32, 501,
+    0x02CBA'i32, 501,
+    0x02CBC'i32, 501,
+    0x02CBE'i32, 501,
+    0x02CC0'i32, 501,
+    0x02CC2'i32, 501,
+    0x02CC4'i32, 501,
+    0x02CC6'i32, 501,
+    0x02CC8'i32, 501,
+    0x02CCA'i32, 501,
+    0x02CCC'i32, 501,
+    0x02CCE'i32, 501,
+    0x02CD0'i32, 501,
+    0x02CD2'i32, 501,
+    0x02CD4'i32, 501,
+    0x02CD6'i32, 501,
+    0x02CD8'i32, 501,
+    0x02CDA'i32, 501,
+    0x02CDC'i32, 501,
+    0x02CDE'i32, 501,
+    0x02CE0'i32, 501,
+    0x02CE2'i32, 501,
+    0x02CEB'i32, 501,
+    0x02CED'i32, 501,
+    0x02CF2'i32, 501,
+    0x0A640'i32, 501,
+    0x0A642'i32, 501,
+    0x0A644'i32, 501,
+    0x0A646'i32, 501,
+    0x0A648'i32, 501,
+    0x0A64A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A64C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A64E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A650'i32, 501,
+    0x0A652'i32, 501,
+    0x0A654'i32, 501,
+    0x0A656'i32, 501,
+    0x0A658'i32, 501,
+    0x0A65A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A65C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A65E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A660'i32, 501,
+    0x0A662'i32, 501,
+    0x0A664'i32, 501,
+    0x0A666'i32, 501,
+    0x0A668'i32, 501,
+    0x0A66A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A66C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A680'i32, 501,
+    0x0A682'i32, 501,
+    0x0A684'i32, 501,
+    0x0A686'i32, 501,
+    0x0A688'i32, 501,
+    0x0A68A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A68C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A68E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A690'i32, 501,
+    0x0A692'i32, 501,
+    0x0A694'i32, 501,
+    0x0A696'i32, 501,
+    0x0A698'i32, 501,
+    0x0A69A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A722'i32, 501,
+    0x0A724'i32, 501,
+    0x0A726'i32, 501,
+    0x0A728'i32, 501,
+    0x0A72A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A72C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A72E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A732'i32, 501,
+    0x0A734'i32, 501,
+    0x0A736'i32, 501,
+    0x0A738'i32, 501,
+    0x0A73A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A73C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A73E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A740'i32, 501,
+    0x0A742'i32, 501,
+    0x0A744'i32, 501,
+    0x0A746'i32, 501,
+    0x0A748'i32, 501,
+    0x0A74A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A74C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A74E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A750'i32, 501,
+    0x0A752'i32, 501,
+    0x0A754'i32, 501,
+    0x0A756'i32, 501,
+    0x0A758'i32, 501,
+    0x0A75A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A75C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A75E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A760'i32, 501,
+    0x0A762'i32, 501,
+    0x0A764'i32, 501,
+    0x0A766'i32, 501,
+    0x0A768'i32, 501,
+    0x0A76A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A76C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A76E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A779'i32, 501,
+    0x0A77B'i32, 501,
+    0x0A77D'i32, -34832,
+    0x0A77E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A780'i32, 501,
+    0x0A782'i32, 501,
+    0x0A784'i32, 501,
+    0x0A786'i32, 501,
+    0x0A78B'i32, 501,
+    0x0A78D'i32, -41780,
+    0x0A790'i32, 501,
+    0x0A792'i32, 501,
+    0x0A796'i32, 501,
+    0x0A798'i32, 501,
+    0x0A79A'i32, 501,
+    0x0A79C'i32, 501,
+    0x0A79E'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7A0'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7A2'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7A4'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7A6'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7A8'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7AA'i32, -41808,
+    0x0A7AB'i32, -41819,
+    0x0A7AC'i32, -41815,
+    0x0A7AD'i32, -41805,
+    0x0A7AE'i32, -41808,
+    0x0A7B0'i32, -41758,
+    0x0A7B1'i32, -41782,
+    0x0A7B2'i32, -41761,
+    0x0A7B3'i32, 1428,
+    0x0A7B4'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7B6'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7B8'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7BA'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7BC'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7BE'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7C2'i32, 501,
+    0x0A7C4'i32, 452,
+    0x0A7C5'i32, -41807,
+    0x0A7C6'i32, -34884,
   ]
 
   toUpperRanges = [
-    0x00061, 0x0007A, 468,
-    0x000E0, 0x000F6, 468,
-    0x000F8, 0x000FE, 468,
-    0x0023F, 0x00240, 11315,
-    0x00256, 0x00257, 295,
-    0x0028A, 0x0028B, 283,
-    0x0037B, 0x0037D, 630,
-    0x003AD, 0x003AF, 463,
-    0x003B1, 0x003C1, 468,
-    0x003C3, 0x003CB, 468,
-    0x003CD, 0x003CE, 437,
-    0x00430, 0x0044F, 468,
-    0x00450, 0x0045F, 420,
-    0x00561, 0x00586, 452,
-    0x010D0, 0x010FA, 3508,
-    0x010FD, 0x010FF, 3508,
-    0x013F8, 0x013FD, 492,
-    0x01C83, 0x01C84, -5742,
-    0x01F00, 0x01F07, 508,
-    0x01F10, 0x01F15, 508,
-    0x01F20, 0x01F27, 508,
-    0x01F30, 0x01F37, 508,
-    0x01F40, 0x01F45, 508,
-    0x01F60, 0x01F67, 508,
-    0x01F70, 0x01F71, 574,
-    0x01F72, 0x01F75, 586,
-    0x01F76, 0x01F77, 600,
-    0x01F78, 0x01F79, 628,
-    0x01F7A, 0x01F7B, 612,
-    0x01F7C, 0x01F7D, 626,
-    0x01F80, 0x01F87, 508,
-    0x01F90, 0x01F97, 508,
-    0x01FA0, 0x01FA7, 508,
-    0x01FB0, 0x01FB1, 508,
-    0x01FD0, 0x01FD1, 508,
-    0x01FE0, 0x01FE1, 508,
-    0x02C30, 0x02C5E, 452,
-    0x02D00, 0x02D25, -6764,
-    0x0AB70, 0x0ABBF, -38364,
-    0x0FF41, 0x0FF5A, 468,
-    0x10428, 0x1044F, 460,
-    0x104D8, 0x104FB, 460,
-    0x10CC0, 0x10CF2, 436,
-    0x118C0, 0x118DF, 468,
-    0x16E60, 0x16E7F, 468,
-    0x1E922, 0x1E943, 466,
+    0x00061'i32, 0x0007A'i32, 468,
+    0x000E0'i32, 0x000F6'i32, 468,
+    0x000F8'i32, 0x000FE'i32, 468,
+    0x0023F'i32, 0x00240'i32, 11315,
+    0x00256'i32, 0x00257'i32, 295,
+    0x0028A'i32, 0x0028B'i32, 283,
+    0x0037B'i32, 0x0037D'i32, 630,
+    0x003AD'i32, 0x003AF'i32, 463,
+    0x003B1'i32, 0x003C1'i32, 468,
+    0x003C3'i32, 0x003CB'i32, 468,
+    0x003CD'i32, 0x003CE'i32, 437,
+    0x00430'i32, 0x0044F'i32, 468,
+    0x00450'i32, 0x0045F'i32, 420,
+    0x00561'i32, 0x00586'i32, 452,
+    0x010D0'i32, 0x010FA'i32, 3508,
+    0x010FD'i32, 0x010FF'i32, 3508,
+    0x013F8'i32, 0x013FD'i32, 492,
+    0x01C83'i32, 0x01C84'i32, -5742,
+    0x01F00'i32, 0x01F07'i32, 508,
+    0x01F10'i32, 0x01F15'i32, 508,
+    0x01F20'i32, 0x01F27'i32, 508,
+    0x01F30'i32, 0x01F37'i32, 508,
+    0x01F40'i32, 0x01F45'i32, 508,
+    0x01F60'i32, 0x01F67'i32, 508,
+    0x01F70'i32, 0x01F71'i32, 574,
+    0x01F72'i32, 0x01F75'i32, 586,
+    0x01F76'i32, 0x01F77'i32, 600,
+    0x01F78'i32, 0x01F79'i32, 628,
+    0x01F7A'i32, 0x01F7B'i32, 612,
+    0x01F7C'i32, 0x01F7D'i32, 626,
+    0x01F80'i32, 0x01F87'i32, 508,
+    0x01F90'i32, 0x01F97'i32, 508,
+    0x01FA0'i32, 0x01FA7'i32, 508,
+    0x01FB0'i32, 0x01FB1'i32, 508,
+    0x01FD0'i32, 0x01FD1'i32, 508,
+    0x01FE0'i32, 0x01FE1'i32, 508,
+    0x02C30'i32, 0x02C5E'i32, 452,
+    0x02D00'i32, 0x02D25'i32, -6764,
+    0x0AB70'i32, 0x0ABBF'i32, -38364,
+    0x0FF41'i32, 0x0FF5A'i32, 468,
+    0x10428'i32, 0x1044F'i32, 460,
+    0x104D8'i32, 0x104FB'i32, 460,
+    0x10CC0'i32, 0x10CF2'i32, 436,
+    0x118C0'i32, 0x118DF'i32, 468,
+    0x16E60'i32, 0x16E7F'i32, 468,
+    0x1E922'i32, 0x1E943'i32, 466,
   ]
 
   toUpperSinglets = [
-    0x000B5, 1243,
-    0x000FF, 621,
-    0x00101, 499,
-    0x00103, 499,
-    0x00105, 499,
-    0x00107, 499,
-    0x00109, 499,
-    0x0010B, 499,
-    0x0010D, 499,
-    0x0010F, 499,
-    0x00111, 499,
-    0x00113, 499,
-    0x00115, 499,
-    0x00117, 499,
-    0x00119, 499,
-    0x0011B, 499,
-    0x0011D, 499,
-    0x0011F, 499,
-    0x00121, 499,
-    0x00123, 499,
-    0x00125, 499,
-    0x00127, 499,
-    0x00129, 499,
-    0x0012B, 499,
-    0x0012D, 499,
-    0x0012F, 499,
-    0x00131, 268,
-    0x00133, 499,
-    0x00135, 499,
-    0x00137, 499,
-    0x0013A, 499,
-    0x0013C, 499,
-    0x0013E, 499,
-    0x00140, 499,
-    0x00142, 499,
-    0x00144, 499,
-    0x00146, 499,
-    0x00148, 499,
-    0x0014B, 499,
-    0x0014D, 499,
-    0x0014F, 499,
-    0x00151, 499,
-    0x00153, 499,
-    0x00155, 499,
-    0x00157, 499,
-    0x00159, 499,
-    0x0015B, 499,
-    0x0015D, 499,
-    0x0015F, 499,
-    0x00161, 499,
-    0x00163, 499,
-    0x00165, 499,
-    0x00167, 499,
-    0x00169, 499,
-    0x0016B, 499,
-    0x0016D, 499,
-    0x0016F, 499,
-    0x00171, 499,
-    0x00173, 499,
-    0x00175, 499,
-    0x00177, 499,
-    0x0017A, 499,
-    0x0017C, 499,
-    0x0017E, 499,
-    0x0017F, 200,
-    0x00180, 695,
-    0x00183, 499,
-    0x00185, 499,
-    0x00188, 499,
-    0x0018C, 499,
-    0x00192, 499,
-    0x00195, 597,
-    0x00199, 499,
-    0x0019A, 663,
-    0x0019E, 630,
-    0x001A1, 499,
-    0x001A3, 499,
-    0x001A5, 499,
-    0x001A8, 499,
-    0x001AD, 499,
-    0x001B0, 499,
-    0x001B4, 499,
-    0x001B6, 499,
-    0x001B9, 499,
-    0x001BD, 499,
-    0x001BF, 556,
-    0x001C5, 499,
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+    0x00207'i32, 499,
+    0x00209'i32, 499,
+    0x0020B'i32, 499,
+    0x0020D'i32, 499,
+    0x0020F'i32, 499,
+    0x00211'i32, 499,
+    0x00213'i32, 499,
+    0x00215'i32, 499,
+    0x00217'i32, 499,
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+    0x0021B'i32, 499,
+    0x0021D'i32, 499,
+    0x0021F'i32, 499,
+    0x00223'i32, 499,
+    0x00225'i32, 499,
+    0x00227'i32, 499,
+    0x00229'i32, 499,
+    0x0022B'i32, 499,
+    0x0022D'i32, 499,
+    0x0022F'i32, 499,
+    0x00231'i32, 499,
+    0x00233'i32, 499,
+    0x0023C'i32, 499,
+    0x00242'i32, 499,
+    0x00247'i32, 499,
+    0x00249'i32, 499,
+    0x0024B'i32, 499,
+    0x0024D'i32, 499,
+    0x0024F'i32, 499,
+    0x00250'i32, 11283,
+    0x00251'i32, 11280,
+    0x00252'i32, 11282,
+    0x00253'i32, 290,
+    0x00254'i32, 294,
+    0x00259'i32, 298,
+    0x0025B'i32, 297,
+    0x0025C'i32, 42819,
+    0x00260'i32, 295,
+    0x00261'i32, 42815,
+    0x00263'i32, 293,
+    0x00265'i32, 42780,
+    0x00266'i32, 42808,
+    0x00268'i32, 291,
+    0x00269'i32, 289,
+    0x0026A'i32, 42808,
+    0x0026B'i32, 11243,
+    0x0026C'i32, 42805,
+    0x0026F'i32, 289,
+    0x00271'i32, 11249,
+    0x00272'i32, 287,
+    0x00275'i32, 286,
+    0x0027D'i32, 11227,
+    0x00280'i32, 282,
+    0x00282'i32, 42807,
+    0x00283'i32, 282,
+    0x00287'i32, 42782,
+    0x00288'i32, 282,
+    0x00289'i32, 431,
+    0x0028C'i32, 429,
+    0x00292'i32, 281,
+    0x0029D'i32, 42761,
+    0x0029E'i32, 42758,
+    0x00371'i32, 499,
+    0x00373'i32, 499,
+    0x00377'i32, 499,
+    0x003AC'i32, 462,
+    0x003C2'i32, 469,
+    0x003CC'i32, 436,
+    0x003D0'i32, 438,
+    0x003D1'i32, 443,
+    0x003D5'i32, 453,
+    0x003D6'i32, 446,
+    0x003D7'i32, 492,
+    0x003D9'i32, 499,
+    0x003DB'i32, 499,
+    0x003DD'i32, 499,
+    0x003DF'i32, 499,
+    0x003E1'i32, 499,
+    0x003E3'i32, 499,
+    0x003E5'i32, 499,
+    0x003E7'i32, 499,
+    0x003E9'i32, 499,
+    0x003EB'i32, 499,
+    0x003ED'i32, 499,
+    0x003EF'i32, 499,
+    0x003F0'i32, 414,
+    0x003F1'i32, 420,
+    0x003F2'i32, 507,
+    0x003F3'i32, 384,
+    0x003F5'i32, 404,
+    0x003F8'i32, 499,
+    0x003FB'i32, 499,
+    0x00461'i32, 499,
+    0x00463'i32, 499,
+    0x00465'i32, 499,
+    0x00467'i32, 499,
+    0x00469'i32, 499,
+    0x0046B'i32, 499,
+    0x0046D'i32, 499,
+    0x0046F'i32, 499,
+    0x00471'i32, 499,
+    0x00473'i32, 499,
+    0x00475'i32, 499,
+    0x00477'i32, 499,
+    0x00479'i32, 499,
+    0x0047B'i32, 499,
+    0x0047D'i32, 499,
+    0x0047F'i32, 499,
+    0x00481'i32, 499,
+    0x0048B'i32, 499,
+    0x0048D'i32, 499,
+    0x0048F'i32, 499,
+    0x00491'i32, 499,
+    0x00493'i32, 499,
+    0x00495'i32, 499,
+    0x00497'i32, 499,
+    0x00499'i32, 499,
+    0x0049B'i32, 499,
+    0x0049D'i32, 499,
+    0x0049F'i32, 499,
+    0x004A1'i32, 499,
+    0x004A3'i32, 499,
+    0x004A5'i32, 499,
+    0x004A7'i32, 499,
+    0x004A9'i32, 499,
+    0x004AB'i32, 499,
+    0x004AD'i32, 499,
+    0x004AF'i32, 499,
+    0x004B1'i32, 499,
+    0x004B3'i32, 499,
+    0x004B5'i32, 499,
+    0x004B7'i32, 499,
+    0x004B9'i32, 499,
+    0x004BB'i32, 499,
+    0x004BD'i32, 499,
+    0x004BF'i32, 499,
+    0x004C2'i32, 499,
+    0x004C4'i32, 499,
+    0x004C6'i32, 499,
+    0x004C8'i32, 499,
+    0x004CA'i32, 499,
+    0x004CC'i32, 499,
+    0x004CE'i32, 499,
+    0x004CF'i32, 485,
+    0x004D1'i32, 499,
+    0x004D3'i32, 499,
+    0x004D5'i32, 499,
+    0x004D7'i32, 499,
+    0x004D9'i32, 499,
+    0x004DB'i32, 499,
+    0x004DD'i32, 499,
+    0x004DF'i32, 499,
+    0x004E1'i32, 499,
+    0x004E3'i32, 499,
+    0x004E5'i32, 499,
+    0x004E7'i32, 499,
+    0x004E9'i32, 499,
+    0x004EB'i32, 499,
+    0x004ED'i32, 499,
+    0x004EF'i32, 499,
+    0x004F1'i32, 499,
+    0x004F3'i32, 499,
+    0x004F5'i32, 499,
+    0x004F7'i32, 499,
+    0x004F9'i32, 499,
+    0x004FB'i32, 499,
+    0x004FD'i32, 499,
+    0x004FF'i32, 499,
+    0x00501'i32, 499,
+    0x00503'i32, 499,
+    0x00505'i32, 499,
+    0x00507'i32, 499,
+    0x00509'i32, 499,
+    0x0050B'i32, 499,
+    0x0050D'i32, 499,
+    0x0050F'i32, 499,
+    0x00511'i32, 499,
+    0x00513'i32, 499,
+    0x00515'i32, 499,
+    0x00517'i32, 499,
+    0x00519'i32, 499,
+    0x0051B'i32, 499,
+    0x0051D'i32, 499,
+    0x0051F'i32, 499,
+    0x00521'i32, 499,
+    0x00523'i32, 499,
+    0x00525'i32, 499,
+    0x00527'i32, 499,
+    0x00529'i32, 499,
+    0x0052B'i32, 499,
+    0x0052D'i32, 499,
+    0x0052F'i32, 499,
+    0x01C80'i32, -5754,
+    0x01C81'i32, -5753,
+    0x01C82'i32, -5744,
+    0x01C85'i32, -5743,
+    0x01C86'i32, -5736,
+    0x01C87'i32, -5681,
+    0x01C88'i32, 35766,
+    0x01D79'i32, 35832,
+    0x01D7D'i32, 4314,
+    0x01D8E'i32, 35884,
+    0x01E01'i32, 499,
+    0x01E03'i32, 499,
+    0x01E05'i32, 499,
+    0x01E07'i32, 499,
+    0x01E09'i32, 499,
+    0x01E0B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E0D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E0F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E11'i32, 499,
+    0x01E13'i32, 499,
+    0x01E15'i32, 499,
+    0x01E17'i32, 499,
+    0x01E19'i32, 499,
+    0x01E1B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E1D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E1F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E21'i32, 499,
+    0x01E23'i32, 499,
+    0x01E25'i32, 499,
+    0x01E27'i32, 499,
+    0x01E29'i32, 499,
+    0x01E2B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E2D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E2F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E31'i32, 499,
+    0x01E33'i32, 499,
+    0x01E35'i32, 499,
+    0x01E37'i32, 499,
+    0x01E39'i32, 499,
+    0x01E3B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E3D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E3F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E41'i32, 499,
+    0x01E43'i32, 499,
+    0x01E45'i32, 499,
+    0x01E47'i32, 499,
+    0x01E49'i32, 499,
+    0x01E4B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E4D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E4F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E51'i32, 499,
+    0x01E53'i32, 499,
+    0x01E55'i32, 499,
+    0x01E57'i32, 499,
+    0x01E59'i32, 499,
+    0x01E5B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E5D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E5F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E61'i32, 499,
+    0x01E63'i32, 499,
+    0x01E65'i32, 499,
+    0x01E67'i32, 499,
+    0x01E69'i32, 499,
+    0x01E6B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E6D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E6F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E71'i32, 499,
+    0x01E73'i32, 499,
+    0x01E75'i32, 499,
+    0x01E77'i32, 499,
+    0x01E79'i32, 499,
+    0x01E7B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E7D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E7F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E81'i32, 499,
+    0x01E83'i32, 499,
+    0x01E85'i32, 499,
+    0x01E87'i32, 499,
+    0x01E89'i32, 499,
+    0x01E8B'i32, 499,
+    0x01E8D'i32, 499,
+    0x01E8F'i32, 499,
+    0x01E91'i32, 499,
+    0x01E93'i32, 499,
+    0x01E95'i32, 499,
+    0x01E9B'i32, 441,
+    0x01EA1'i32, 499,
+    0x01EA3'i32, 499,
+    0x01EA5'i32, 499,
+    0x01EA7'i32, 499,
+    0x01EA9'i32, 499,
+    0x01EAB'i32, 499,
+    0x01EAD'i32, 499,
+    0x01EAF'i32, 499,
+    0x01EB1'i32, 499,
+    0x01EB3'i32, 499,
+    0x01EB5'i32, 499,
+    0x01EB7'i32, 499,
+    0x01EB9'i32, 499,
+    0x01EBB'i32, 499,
+    0x01EBD'i32, 499,
+    0x01EBF'i32, 499,
+    0x01EC1'i32, 499,
+    0x01EC3'i32, 499,
+    0x01EC5'i32, 499,
+    0x01EC7'i32, 499,
+    0x01EC9'i32, 499,
+    0x01ECB'i32, 499,
+    0x01ECD'i32, 499,
+    0x01ECF'i32, 499,
+    0x01ED1'i32, 499,
+    0x01ED3'i32, 499,
+    0x01ED5'i32, 499,
+    0x01ED7'i32, 499,
+    0x01ED9'i32, 499,
+    0x01EDB'i32, 499,
+    0x01EDD'i32, 499,
+    0x01EDF'i32, 499,
+    0x01EE1'i32, 499,
+    0x01EE3'i32, 499,
+    0x01EE5'i32, 499,
+    0x01EE7'i32, 499,
+    0x01EE9'i32, 499,
+    0x01EEB'i32, 499,
+    0x01EED'i32, 499,
+    0x01EEF'i32, 499,
+    0x01EF1'i32, 499,
+    0x01EF3'i32, 499,
+    0x01EF5'i32, 499,
+    0x01EF7'i32, 499,
+    0x01EF9'i32, 499,
+    0x01EFB'i32, 499,
+    0x01EFD'i32, 499,
+    0x01EFF'i32, 499,
+    0x01F51'i32, 508,
+    0x01F53'i32, 508,
+    0x01F55'i32, 508,
+    0x01F57'i32, 508,
+    0x01FB3'i32, 509,
+    0x01FBE'i32, -6705,
+    0x01FC3'i32, 509,
+    0x01FE5'i32, 507,
+    0x01FF3'i32, 509,
+    0x0214E'i32, 472,
+    0x02184'i32, 499,
+    0x02C61'i32, 499,
+    0x02C65'i32, -10295,
+    0x02C66'i32, -10292,
+    0x02C68'i32, 499,
+    0x02C6A'i32, 499,
+    0x02C6C'i32, 499,
+    0x02C73'i32, 499,
+    0x02C76'i32, 499,
+    0x02C81'i32, 499,
+    0x02C83'i32, 499,
+    0x02C85'i32, 499,
+    0x02C87'i32, 499,
+    0x02C89'i32, 499,
+    0x02C8B'i32, 499,
+    0x02C8D'i32, 499,
+    0x02C8F'i32, 499,
+    0x02C91'i32, 499,
+    0x02C93'i32, 499,
+    0x02C95'i32, 499,
+    0x02C97'i32, 499,
+    0x02C99'i32, 499,
+    0x02C9B'i32, 499,
+    0x02C9D'i32, 499,
+    0x02C9F'i32, 499,
+    0x02CA1'i32, 499,
+    0x02CA3'i32, 499,
+    0x02CA5'i32, 499,
+    0x02CA7'i32, 499,
+    0x02CA9'i32, 499,
+    0x02CAB'i32, 499,
+    0x02CAD'i32, 499,
+    0x02CAF'i32, 499,
+    0x02CB1'i32, 499,
+    0x02CB3'i32, 499,
+    0x02CB5'i32, 499,
+    0x02CB7'i32, 499,
+    0x02CB9'i32, 499,
+    0x02CBB'i32, 499,
+    0x02CBD'i32, 499,
+    0x02CBF'i32, 499,
+    0x02CC1'i32, 499,
+    0x02CC3'i32, 499,
+    0x02CC5'i32, 499,
+    0x02CC7'i32, 499,
+    0x02CC9'i32, 499,
+    0x02CCB'i32, 499,
+    0x02CCD'i32, 499,
+    0x02CCF'i32, 499,
+    0x02CD1'i32, 499,
+    0x02CD3'i32, 499,
+    0x02CD5'i32, 499,
+    0x02CD7'i32, 499,
+    0x02CD9'i32, 499,
+    0x02CDB'i32, 499,
+    0x02CDD'i32, 499,
+    0x02CDF'i32, 499,
+    0x02CE1'i32, 499,
+    0x02CE3'i32, 499,
+    0x02CEC'i32, 499,
+    0x02CEE'i32, 499,
+    0x02CF3'i32, 499,
+    0x02D27'i32, -6764,
+    0x02D2D'i32, -6764,
+    0x0A641'i32, 499,
+    0x0A643'i32, 499,
+    0x0A645'i32, 499,
+    0x0A647'i32, 499,
+    0x0A649'i32, 499,
+    0x0A64B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A64D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A64F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A651'i32, 499,
+    0x0A653'i32, 499,
+    0x0A655'i32, 499,
+    0x0A657'i32, 499,
+    0x0A659'i32, 499,
+    0x0A65B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A65D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A65F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A661'i32, 499,
+    0x0A663'i32, 499,
+    0x0A665'i32, 499,
+    0x0A667'i32, 499,
+    0x0A669'i32, 499,
+    0x0A66B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A66D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A681'i32, 499,
+    0x0A683'i32, 499,
+    0x0A685'i32, 499,
+    0x0A687'i32, 499,
+    0x0A689'i32, 499,
+    0x0A68B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A68D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A68F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A691'i32, 499,
+    0x0A693'i32, 499,
+    0x0A695'i32, 499,
+    0x0A697'i32, 499,
+    0x0A699'i32, 499,
+    0x0A69B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A723'i32, 499,
+    0x0A725'i32, 499,
+    0x0A727'i32, 499,
+    0x0A729'i32, 499,
+    0x0A72B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A72D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A72F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A733'i32, 499,
+    0x0A735'i32, 499,
+    0x0A737'i32, 499,
+    0x0A739'i32, 499,
+    0x0A73B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A73D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A73F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A741'i32, 499,
+    0x0A743'i32, 499,
+    0x0A745'i32, 499,
+    0x0A747'i32, 499,
+    0x0A749'i32, 499,
+    0x0A74B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A74D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A74F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A751'i32, 499,
+    0x0A753'i32, 499,
+    0x0A755'i32, 499,
+    0x0A757'i32, 499,
+    0x0A759'i32, 499,
+    0x0A75B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A75D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A75F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A761'i32, 499,
+    0x0A763'i32, 499,
+    0x0A765'i32, 499,
+    0x0A767'i32, 499,
+    0x0A769'i32, 499,
+    0x0A76B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A76D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A76F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A77A'i32, 499,
+    0x0A77C'i32, 499,
+    0x0A77F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A781'i32, 499,
+    0x0A783'i32, 499,
+    0x0A785'i32, 499,
+    0x0A787'i32, 499,
+    0x0A78C'i32, 499,
+    0x0A791'i32, 499,
+    0x0A793'i32, 499,
+    0x0A794'i32, 548,
+    0x0A797'i32, 499,
+    0x0A799'i32, 499,
+    0x0A79B'i32, 499,
+    0x0A79D'i32, 499,
+    0x0A79F'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7A1'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7A3'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7A5'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7A7'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7A9'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7B5'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7B7'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7B9'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7BB'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7BD'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7BF'i32, 499,
+    0x0A7C3'i32, 499,
+    0x0AB53'i32, -428,
   ]
 
   toTitleSinglets = [
-    0x001C4, 501,
-    0x001C6, 499,
-    0x001C7, 501,
-    0x001C9, 499,
-    0x001CA, 501,
-    0x001CC, 499,
-    0x001F1, 501,
-    0x001F3, 499,
+    0x001C4'i32, 501,
+    0x001C6'i32, 499,
+    0x001C7'i32, 501,
+    0x001C9'i32, 499,
+    0x001CA'i32, 501,
+    0x001CC'i32, 499,
+    0x001F1'i32, 501,
+    0x001F3'i32, 499,
   ]
 
   alphaRanges = [
-    0x00041, 0x0005A,
-    0x00061, 0x0007A,
-    0x000C0, 0x000D6,
-    0x000D8, 0x000F6,
-    0x000F8, 0x002C1,
-    0x002C6, 0x002D1,
-    0x002E0, 0x002E4,
-    0x00370, 0x00374,
-    0x00376, 0x00377,
-    0x0037A, 0x0037D,
-    0x00388, 0x0038A,
-    0x0038E, 0x003A1,
-    0x003A3, 0x003F5,
-    0x003F7, 0x00481,
-    0x0048A, 0x0052F,
-    0x00531, 0x00556,
-    0x00560, 0x00588,
-    0x005D0, 0x005EA,
-    0x005EF, 0x005F2,
-    0x00620, 0x0064A,
-    0x0066E, 0x0066F,
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+    0x18800'i32, 0x18AF2'i32,
+    0x1B000'i32, 0x1B11E'i32,
+    0x1B150'i32, 0x1B152'i32,
+    0x1B164'i32, 0x1B167'i32,
+    0x1B170'i32, 0x1B2FB'i32,
+    0x1BC00'i32, 0x1BC6A'i32,
+    0x1BC70'i32, 0x1BC7C'i32,
+    0x1BC80'i32, 0x1BC88'i32,
+    0x1BC90'i32, 0x1BC99'i32,
+    0x1D400'i32, 0x1D454'i32,
+    0x1D456'i32, 0x1D49C'i32,
+    0x1D49E'i32, 0x1D49F'i32,
+    0x1D4A5'i32, 0x1D4A6'i32,
+    0x1D4A9'i32, 0x1D4AC'i32,
+    0x1D4AE'i32, 0x1D4B9'i32,
+    0x1D4BD'i32, 0x1D4C3'i32,
+    0x1D4C5'i32, 0x1D505'i32,
+    0x1D507'i32, 0x1D50A'i32,
+    0x1D50D'i32, 0x1D514'i32,
+    0x1D516'i32, 0x1D51C'i32,
+    0x1D51E'i32, 0x1D539'i32,
+    0x1D53B'i32, 0x1D53E'i32,
+    0x1D540'i32, 0x1D544'i32,
+    0x1D54A'i32, 0x1D550'i32,
+    0x1D552'i32, 0x1D6A5'i32,
+    0x1D6A8'i32, 0x1D6C0'i32,
+    0x1D6C2'i32, 0x1D6DA'i32,
+    0x1D6DC'i32, 0x1D6FA'i32,
+    0x1D6FC'i32, 0x1D714'i32,
+    0x1D716'i32, 0x1D734'i32,
+    0x1D736'i32, 0x1D74E'i32,
+    0x1D750'i32, 0x1D76E'i32,
+    0x1D770'i32, 0x1D788'i32,
+    0x1D78A'i32, 0x1D7A8'i32,
+    0x1D7AA'i32, 0x1D7C2'i32,
+    0x1D7C4'i32, 0x1D7CB'i32,
+    0x1E100'i32, 0x1E12C'i32,
+    0x1E137'i32, 0x1E13D'i32,
+    0x1E2C0'i32, 0x1E2EB'i32,
+    0x1E800'i32, 0x1E8C4'i32,
+    0x1E900'i32, 0x1E943'i32,
+    0x1EE00'i32, 0x1EE03'i32,
+    0x1EE05'i32, 0x1EE1F'i32,
+    0x1EE21'i32, 0x1EE22'i32,
+    0x1EE29'i32, 0x1EE32'i32,
+    0x1EE34'i32, 0x1EE37'i32,
+    0x1EE4D'i32, 0x1EE4F'i32,
+    0x1EE51'i32, 0x1EE52'i32,
+    0x1EE61'i32, 0x1EE62'i32,
+    0x1EE67'i32, 0x1EE6A'i32,
+    0x1EE6C'i32, 0x1EE72'i32,
+    0x1EE74'i32, 0x1EE77'i32,
+    0x1EE79'i32, 0x1EE7C'i32,
+    0x1EE80'i32, 0x1EE89'i32,
+    0x1EE8B'i32, 0x1EE9B'i32,
+    0x1EEA1'i32, 0x1EEA3'i32,
+    0x1EEA5'i32, 0x1EEA9'i32,
+    0x1EEAB'i32, 0x1EEBB'i32,
+    0x20000'i32, 0x2A6D6'i32,
+    0x2A700'i32, 0x2B734'i32,
+    0x2B740'i32, 0x2B81D'i32,
+    0x2B820'i32, 0x2CEA1'i32,
+    0x2CEB0'i32, 0x2EBE0'i32,
+    0x2F800'i32, 0x2FA1D'i32,
   ]
 
   alphaSinglets = [
-    0x000AA,
-    0x000B5,
-    0x000BA,
-    0x002EC,
-    0x002EE,
-    0x0037F,
-    0x00386,
-    0x0038C,
-    0x00559,
-    0x006D5,
-    0x006FF,
-    0x00710,
-    0x007B1,
-    0x007FA,
-    0x0081A,
-    0x00824,
-    0x00828,
-    0x0093D,
-    0x00950,
-    0x009B2,
-    0x009BD,
-    0x009CE,
-    0x009FC,
-    0x00A5E,
-    0x00ABD,
-    0x00AD0,
-    0x00AF9,
-    0x00B3D,
-    0x00B71,
-    0x00B83,
-    0x00B9C,
-    0x00BD0,
-    0x00C3D,
-    0x00C80,
-    0x00CBD,
-    0x00CDE,
-    0x00D3D,
-    0x00D4E,
-    0x00DBD,
-    0x00E84,
-    0x00EA5,
-    0x00EBD,
-    0x00EC6,
-    0x00F00,
-    0x0103F,
-    0x01061,
-    0x0108E,
-    0x010C7,
-    0x010CD,
-    0x01258,
-    0x012C0,
-    0x017D7,
-    0x017DC,
-    0x018AA,
-    0x01AA7,
-    0x01CFA,
-    0x01F59,
-    0x01F5B,
-    0x01F5D,
-    0x01FBE,
-    0x02071,
-    0x0207F,
-    0x02102,
-    0x02107,
-    0x02115,
-    0x02124,
-    0x02126,
-    0x02128,
-    0x0214E,
-    0x02D27,
-    0x02D2D,
-    0x02D6F,
-    0x02E2F,
-    0x03400,
-    0x04DB5,
-    0x04E00,
-    0x09FEF,
-    0x0A8FB,
-    0x0A9CF,
-    0x0AA7A,
-    0x0AAB1,
-    0x0AAC0,
-    0x0AAC2,
-    0x0AC00,
-    0x0D7A3,
-    0x0FB1D,
-    0x0FB3E,
-    0x10808,
-    0x1083C,
-    0x10A00,
-    0x10F27,
-    0x11144,
-    0x11176,
-    0x111DA,
-    0x111DC,
-    0x11288,
-    0x1133D,
-    0x11350,
-    0x1145F,
-    0x114C7,
-    0x11644,
-    0x116B8,
-    0x118FF,
-    0x119E1,
-    0x119E3,
-    0x11A00,
-    0x11A3A,
-    0x11A50,
-    0x11A9D,
-    0x11C40,
-    0x11D46,
-    0x11D98,
-    0x16F50,
-    0x16FE3,
-    0x17000,
-    0x187F7,
-    0x1D4A2,
-    0x1D4BB,
-    0x1D546,
-    0x1E14E,
-    0x1E94B,
-    0x1EE24,
-    0x1EE27,
-    0x1EE39,
-    0x1EE3B,
-    0x1EE42,
-    0x1EE47,
-    0x1EE49,
-    0x1EE4B,
-    0x1EE54,
-    0x1EE57,
-    0x1EE59,
-    0x1EE5B,
-    0x1EE5D,
-    0x1EE5F,
-    0x1EE64,
-    0x1EE7E,
-    0x20000,
-    0x2A6D6,
-    0x2A700,
-    0x2B734,
-    0x2B740,
-    0x2B81D,
-    0x2B820,
-    0x2CEA1,
-    0x2CEB0,
-    0x2EBE0,
+    0x000AA'i32,
+    0x000B5'i32,
+    0x000BA'i32,
+    0x002EC'i32,
+    0x002EE'i32,
+    0x0037F'i32,
+    0x00386'i32,
+    0x0038C'i32,
+    0x00559'i32,
+    0x006D5'i32,
+    0x006FF'i32,
+    0x00710'i32,
+    0x007B1'i32,
+    0x007FA'i32,
+    0x0081A'i32,
+    0x00824'i32,
+    0x00828'i32,
+    0x0093D'i32,
+    0x00950'i32,
+    0x009B2'i32,
+    0x009BD'i32,
+    0x009CE'i32,
+    0x009FC'i32,
+    0x00A5E'i32,
+    0x00ABD'i32,
+    0x00AD0'i32,
+    0x00AF9'i32,
+    0x00B3D'i32,
+    0x00B71'i32,
+    0x00B83'i32,
+    0x00B9C'i32,
+    0x00BD0'i32,
+    0x00C3D'i32,
+    0x00C80'i32,
+    0x00CBD'i32,
+    0x00CDE'i32,
+    0x00D3D'i32,
+    0x00D4E'i32,
+    0x00DBD'i32,
+    0x00E84'i32,
+    0x00EA5'i32,
+    0x00EBD'i32,
+    0x00EC6'i32,
+    0x00F00'i32,
+    0x0103F'i32,
+    0x01061'i32,
+    0x0108E'i32,
+    0x010C7'i32,
+    0x010CD'i32,
+    0x01258'i32,
+    0x012C0'i32,
+    0x017D7'i32,
+    0x017DC'i32,
+    0x018AA'i32,
+    0x01AA7'i32,
+    0x01CFA'i32,
+    0x01F59'i32,
+    0x01F5B'i32,
+    0x01F5D'i32,
+    0x01FBE'i32,
+    0x02071'i32,
+    0x0207F'i32,
+    0x02102'i32,
+    0x02107'i32,
+    0x02115'i32,
+    0x02124'i32,
+    0x02126'i32,
+    0x02128'i32,
+    0x0214E'i32,
+    0x02D27'i32,
+    0x02D2D'i32,
+    0x02D6F'i32,
+    0x02E2F'i32,
+    0x0A8FB'i32,
+    0x0A9CF'i32,
+    0x0AA7A'i32,
+    0x0AAB1'i32,
+    0x0AAC0'i32,
+    0x0AAC2'i32,
+    0x0FB1D'i32,
+    0x0FB3E'i32,
+    0x10808'i32,
+    0x1083C'i32,
+    0x10A00'i32,
+    0x10F27'i32,
+    0x11144'i32,
+    0x11176'i32,
+    0x111DA'i32,
+    0x111DC'i32,
+    0x11288'i32,
+    0x1133D'i32,
+    0x11350'i32,
+    0x1145F'i32,
+    0x114C7'i32,
+    0x11644'i32,
+    0x116B8'i32,
+    0x118FF'i32,
+    0x119E1'i32,
+    0x119E3'i32,
+    0x11A00'i32,
+    0x11A3A'i32,
+    0x11A50'i32,
+    0x11A9D'i32,
+    0x11C40'i32,
+    0x11D46'i32,
+    0x11D98'i32,
+    0x16F50'i32,
+    0x16FE3'i32,
+    0x1D4A2'i32,
+    0x1D4BB'i32,
+    0x1D546'i32,
+    0x1E14E'i32,
+    0x1E94B'i32,
+    0x1EE24'i32,
+    0x1EE27'i32,
+    0x1EE39'i32,
+    0x1EE3B'i32,
+    0x1EE42'i32,
+    0x1EE47'i32,
+    0x1EE49'i32,
+    0x1EE4B'i32,
+    0x1EE54'i32,
+    0x1EE57'i32,
+    0x1EE59'i32,
+    0x1EE5B'i32,
+    0x1EE5D'i32,
+    0x1EE5F'i32,
+    0x1EE64'i32,
+    0x1EE7E'i32,
   ]
 
   spaceRanges = [
-    0x00009, 0x0000D,
-    0x00020, 0x00020,
-    0x00085, 0x00085,
-    0x000A0, 0x000A0,
-    0x01680, 0x01680,
-    0x02000, 0x0200A,
-    0x02028, 0x02029,
-    0x0202F, 0x0202F,
-    0x0205F, 0x0205F,
-    0x03000, 0x03000,
+    0x00009'i32, 0x0000D'i32,
+    0x00020'i32, 0x00020'i32,
+    0x00085'i32, 0x00085'i32,
+    0x000A0'i32, 0x000A0'i32,
+    0x01680'i32, 0x01680'i32,
+    0x02000'i32, 0x0200A'i32,
+    0x02028'i32, 0x02029'i32,
+    0x0202F'i32, 0x0202F'i32,
+    0x0205F'i32, 0x0205F'i32,
+    0x03000'i32, 0x03000'i32,
   ]
 
   unicodeSpaces = [
diff --git a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_epoll.nim b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_epoll.nim
index 510de8c51..10658b78e 100644
--- a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_epoll.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_epoll.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 # This module implements Linux epoll().
 
-import posix, times, epoll
+import std/[posix, times, epoll]
 
 # Maximum number of events that can be returned
 const MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS = 64
diff --git a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_kqueue.nim b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_kqueue.nim
index 68be969c7..513578eda 100644
--- a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_kqueue.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_kqueue.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 #  This module implements BSD kqueue().
 
-import posix, times, kqueue, nativesockets
+import std/[posix, times, kqueue, nativesockets]
 
 const
   # Maximum number of events that can be returned.
@@ -194,7 +194,9 @@ when hasThreadSupport:
         if s.changesLength > 0:
           if kevent(s.kqFD, addr(s.changes[0]), cint(s.changesLength),
                     nil, 0, nil) == -1:
-            raiseIOSelectorsError(osLastError())
+            let res = osLastError()
+            if cint(res) != ENOENT: # ignore pipes whose read end is closed
+              raiseIOSelectorsError(res)
           s.changesLength = 0
 else:
   template modifyKQueue[T](s: Selector[T], nident: uint, nfilter: cshort,
@@ -211,7 +213,9 @@ else:
       if length > 0:
         if kevent(s.kqFD, addr(s.changes[0]), length,
                   nil, 0, nil) == -1:
-          raiseIOSelectorsError(osLastError())
+          let res = osLastError()
+          if cint(res) != ENOENT: # ignore pipes whose read end is closed
+            raiseIOSelectorsError(res)
         s.changes.setLen(0)
 
 proc registerHandle*[T](s: Selector[T], fd: int | SocketHandle,
diff --git a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_poll.nim b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_poll.nim
index 12812ac80..7c5347156 100644
--- a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_poll.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_poll.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 # This module implements Posix poll().
 
-import posix, times
+import std/[posix, times]
 
 # Maximum number of events that can be returned
 const MAX_POLL_EVENTS = 64
diff --git a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_select.nim b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_select.nim
index a6f54e791..6c516395b 100644
--- a/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_select.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_select.nim
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
 
 # This module implements Posix and Windows select().
 
-import times, nativesockets
+import std/[times, nativesockets]
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
   when defined(gcc):
     {.passl: "-lws2_32".}
   elif defined(vcc):
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ proc selectInto*[T](s: Selector[T], timeout: int,
 
   if timeout != -1:
     when defined(genode) or defined(freertos) or defined(zephyr) or defined(nuttx):
-      tv.tv_sec = Time(timeout div 1_000)
+      tv.tv_sec = posix.Time(timeout div 1_000)
     else:
       tv.tv_sec = timeout.int32 div 1_000
     tv.tv_usec = (timeout.int32 %% 1_000) * 1_000
diff --git a/lib/pure/json.nim b/lib/pure/json.nim
index 8c1f19fd3..53fa7553a 100644
--- a/lib/pure/json.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/json.nim
@@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ runnableExamples:
     a1, a2, a0, a3, a4: int
   doAssert $(%* Foo()) == """{"a1":0,"a2":0,"a0":0,"a3":0,"a4":0}"""
 
-import hashes, tables, strutils, lexbase, streams, macros, parsejson
+import std/[hashes, tables, strutils, lexbase, streams, macros, parsejson]
 
-import options # xxx remove this dependency using same approach as https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/pull/14563
+import std/options # xxx remove this dependency using same approach as https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/pull/14563
 import std/private/since
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ proc `[]`*[U, V](a: JsonNode, x: HSlice[U, V]): JsonNode =
   ##
   ## Returns the inclusive range `[a[x.a], a[x.b]]`:
   runnableExamples:
-    import json
+    import std/json
     let arr = %[0,1,2,3,4,5]
     doAssert arr[2..4] == %[2,3,4]
     doAssert arr[2..^2] == %[2,3,4]
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ proc delete*(obj: JsonNode, key: string) =
   obj.fields.del(key)
 
 proc copy*(p: JsonNode): JsonNode =
-  ## Performs a deep copy of `a`.
+  ## Performs a deep copy of `p`.
   case p.kind
   of JString:
     result = newJString(p.str)
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@ proc parseJson*(s: Stream, filename: string = ""; rawIntegers = false, rawFloats
     p.close()
 
 when defined(js):
-  from math import `mod`
+  from std/math import `mod`
   from std/jsffi import JsObject, `[]`, to
   from std/private/jsutils import getProtoName, isInteger, isSafeInteger
 
@@ -991,9 +991,9 @@ when defined(js):
     else: assert false
 
   proc len(x: JsObject): int =
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       `result` = `x`.length;
-    """
+    """.}
 
   proc convertObject(x: JsObject): JsonNode =
     var isRawNumber = false
@@ -1004,14 +1004,15 @@ when defined(js):
         result.add(x[i].convertObject())
     of JObject:
       result = newJObject()
-      asm """for (var property in `x`) {
+      {.emit: """for (var property in `x`) {
         if (`x`.hasOwnProperty(property)) {
-      """
+      """.}
+
       var nimProperty: cstring
       var nimValue: JsObject
-      asm "`nimProperty` = property; `nimValue` = `x`[property];"
+      {.emit: "`nimProperty` = property; `nimValue` = `x`[property];".}
       result[$nimProperty] = nimValue.convertObject()
-      asm "}}"
+      {.emit: "}}".}
     of JInt:
       result = newJInt(x.to(int))
     of JFloat:
@@ -1366,7 +1367,7 @@ proc to*[T](node: JsonNode, t: typedesc[T]): T =
   initFromJson(result, node, jsonPath)
 
 when false:
-  import os
+  import std/os
   var s = newFileStream(paramStr(1), fmRead)
   if s == nil: quit("cannot open the file" & paramStr(1))
   var x: JsonParser
diff --git a/lib/pure/lexbase.nim b/lib/pure/lexbase.nim
index 336a57ec1..1efd97b24 100644
--- a/lib/pure/lexbase.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/lexbase.nim
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 ## needs refilling.
 
 import
-  strutils, streams
+  std/[strutils, streams]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ proc fillBaseLexer(L: var BaseLexer, pos: int): int =
     result = 0
 
 proc handleCR*(L: var BaseLexer, pos: int): int =
-  ## Call this if you scanned over '\c' in the buffer; it returns the
+  ## Call this if you scanned over `'\c'` in the buffer; it returns the
   ## position to continue the scanning from. `pos` must be the position
-  ## of the '\c'.
+  ## of the `'\c'`.
   assert(L.buf[pos] == '\c')
   inc(L.lineNumber)
   result = fillBaseLexer(L, pos)
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ proc handleCR*(L: var BaseLexer, pos: int): int =
   L.lineStart = result
 
 proc handleLF*(L: var BaseLexer, pos: int): int =
-  ## Call this if you scanned over '\L' in the buffer; it returns the
+  ## Call this if you scanned over `'\L'` in the buffer; it returns the
   ## position to continue the scanning from. `pos` must be the position
-  ## of the '\L'.
+  ## of the `'\L'`.
   assert(L.buf[pos] == '\L')
   inc(L.lineNumber)
   result = fillBaseLexer(L, pos) #L.lastNL := result-1; // BUGFIX: was: result;
diff --git a/lib/pure/logging.nim b/lib/pure/logging.nim
index 1767ee3f6..c30f68af8 100644
--- a/lib/pure/logging.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/logging.nim
@@ -146,9 +146,9 @@
 ## * `strscans module<strscans.html>`_ for ``scanf`` and ``scanp`` macros, which
 ##   offer easier substring extraction than regular expressions
 
-import strutils, times
+import std/[strutils, times]
 when not defined(js):
-  import os
+  import std/os
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -839,6 +839,7 @@ proc addHandler*(handler: Logger) =
   ##   each of those threads.
   ##
   ## See also:
+  ## * `removeHandler proc`_
   ## * `getHandlers proc<#getHandlers>`_
   runnableExamples:
     var logger = newConsoleLogger()
@@ -846,6 +847,16 @@ proc addHandler*(handler: Logger) =
     doAssert logger in getHandlers()
   handlers.add(handler)
 
+proc removeHandler*(handler: Logger) =
+  ## Removes a logger from the list of registered handlers.
+  ##
+  ## Note that for n times a logger is registered, n calls to this proc
+  ## are required to remove that logger.
+  for i, hnd in handlers:
+    if hnd == handler:
+      handlers.delete(i)
+      return
+
 proc getHandlers*(): seq[Logger] =
   ## Returns a list of all the registered handlers.
   ##
diff --git a/lib/pure/marshal.nim b/lib/pure/marshal.nim
index 7c092973f..f9b3d3e4c 100644
--- a/lib/pure/marshal.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/marshal.nim
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Please use alternative packages for serialization.
 It is possible to reimplement this module using generics and type traits.
 Please contribute a new implementation.""".}
 
-import streams, typeinfo, json, intsets, tables, unicode
+import std/[streams, typeinfo, json, intsets, tables, unicode]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, formatfloat]
@@ -210,7 +210,8 @@ proc loadAny(p: var JsonParser, a: Any, t: var Table[BiggestInt, pointer]) =
       setPointer(a, nil)
       next(p)
     of jsonInt:
-      setPointer(a, t.getOrDefault(p.getInt))
+      var raw = t.getOrDefault(p.getInt)
+      setPointer(a, addr raw)
       next(p)
     of jsonArrayStart:
       next(p)
diff --git a/lib/pure/math.nim b/lib/pure/math.nim
index 4bc720a46..ed7d2382f 100644
--- a/lib/pure/math.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/math.nim
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@ import std/private/since
 {.push debugger: off.} # the user does not want to trace a part
                        # of the standard library!
 
-import bitops, fenv
+import std/[bitops, fenv]
+import system/countbits_impl
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
 
-when defined(c) or defined(cpp):
+when not defined(js) and not defined(nimscript): # C
   proc c_isnan(x: float): bool {.importc: "isnan", header: "<math.h>".}
     # a generic like `x: SomeFloat` might work too if this is implemented via a C macro.
 
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ func fac*(n: int): int =
 
 {.push checks: off, line_dir: off, stack_trace: off.}
 
-when defined(posix) and not defined(genode):
+when defined(posix) and not defined(genode) and not defined(macosx):
   {.passl: "-lm".}
 
 const
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ func isNaN*(x: SomeFloat): bool {.inline, since: (1,5,1).} =
   template fn: untyped = result = x != x
   when nimvm: fn()
   else:
-    when defined(js): fn()
+    when defined(js) or defined(nimscript): fn()
     else: result = c_isnan(x)
 
 when defined(js):
@@ -219,13 +220,13 @@ when defined(js):
     let a = newFloat64Array(buffer)
     let b = newUint32Array(buffer)
     a[0] = x
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
     function updateBit(num, bitPos, bitVal) {
       return (num & ~(1 << bitPos)) | (bitVal << bitPos);
     }
     `b`[1] = updateBit(`b`[1], 31, `sgn`);
-    `result` = `a`[0]
-    """
+    `result` = `a`[0];
+    """.}
 
 proc signbit*(x: SomeFloat): bool {.inline, since: (1, 5, 1).} =
   ## Returns true if `x` is negative, false otherwise.
@@ -270,7 +271,6 @@ func classify*(x: float): FloatClass =
   ## Classifies a floating point value.
   ##
   ## Returns `x`'s class as specified by the `FloatClass enum<#FloatClass>`_.
-  ## Doesn't work with `--passc:-ffast-math`.
   runnableExamples:
     doAssert classify(0.3) == fcNormal
     doAssert classify(0.0) == fcZero
@@ -279,6 +279,7 @@ func classify*(x: float): FloatClass =
     doAssert classify(5.0e-324) == fcSubnormal
 
   # JavaScript and most C compilers have no classify:
+  if isNan(x): return fcNan
   if x == 0.0:
     if 1.0 / x == Inf:
       return fcZero
@@ -287,7 +288,6 @@ func classify*(x: float): FloatClass =
   if x * 0.5 == x:
     if x > 0.0: return fcInf
     else: return fcNegInf
-  if x != x: return fcNan
   if abs(x) < MinFloatNormal:
     return fcSubnormal
   return fcNormal
@@ -1230,40 +1230,42 @@ func gcd*[T](x, y: T): T =
     swap x, y
   abs x
 
-func gcd*(x, y: SomeInteger): SomeInteger =
-  ## Computes the greatest common (positive) divisor of `x` and `y`,
-  ## using the binary GCD (aka Stein's) algorithm.
-  ##
-  ## **See also:**
-  ## * `gcd func <#gcd,T,T>`_ for a float version
-  ## * `lcm func <#lcm,T,T>`_
-  runnableExamples:
-    doAssert gcd(12, 8) == 4
-    doAssert gcd(17, 63) == 1
-
-  when x is SomeSignedInt:
-    var x = abs(x)
-  else:
-    var x = x
-  when y is SomeSignedInt:
-    var y = abs(y)
-  else:
-    var y = y
-
-  if x == 0:
-    return y
-  if y == 0:
-    return x
-
-  let shift = countTrailingZeroBits(x or y)
-  y = y shr countTrailingZeroBits(y)
-  while x != 0:
-    x = x shr countTrailingZeroBits(x)
-    if y > x:
-      swap y, x
-    x -= y
-  y shl shift
-
+when useBuiltins:
+  ## this func uses bitwise comparisons from C compilers, which are not always available.
+  func gcd*(x, y: SomeInteger): SomeInteger =
+    ## Computes the greatest common (positive) divisor of `x` and `y`,
+    ## using the binary GCD (aka Stein's) algorithm.
+    ##
+    ## **See also:**
+    ## * `gcd func <#gcd,T,T>`_ for a float version
+    ## * `lcm func <#lcm,T,T>`_
+    runnableExamples:
+      doAssert gcd(12, 8) == 4
+      doAssert gcd(17, 63) == 1
+  
+    when x is SomeSignedInt:
+      var x = abs(x)
+    else:
+      var x = x
+    when y is SomeSignedInt:
+      var y = abs(y)
+    else:
+      var y = y
+  
+    if x == 0:
+      return y
+    if y == 0:
+      return x
+  
+    let shift = countTrailingZeroBits(x or y)
+    y = y shr countTrailingZeroBits(y)
+    while x != 0:
+      x = x shr countTrailingZeroBits(x)
+      if y > x:
+        swap y, x
+      x -= y
+    y shl shift
+  
 func gcd*[T](x: openArray[T]): T {.since: (1, 1).} =
   ## Computes the greatest common (positive) divisor of the elements of `x`.
   ##
diff --git a/lib/pure/md5.nim b/lib/pure/md5.nim
index c65a9c2da..9c3f6d51b 100644
--- a/lib/pure/md5.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/md5.nim
@@ -100,32 +100,19 @@ proc decode(dest: var openArray[uint8], src: openArray[uint32]) =
     dest[i+3] = uint8(src[j] shr 24 and 0xff'u32)
     inc(i, 4)
 
-template slice(s: string, a, b): openArray[uint8] =
-  when nimvm:
-    # toOpenArray is not implemented in VM
-    var s2 = newSeq[uint8](s.len)
-    for i in 0 ..< s2.len:
-      s2[i] = uint8(s[i])
-    s2
-  else:
-    s.toOpenArrayByte(a, b)
-
 template slice(s: cstring, a, b): openArray[uint8] =
   when nimvm:
     # toOpenArray is not implemented in VM
-    slice($s, a, b)
+    toOpenArrayByte($s, a, b)
   else:
     when defined(js):
       # toOpenArrayByte for cstring is not implemented in JS
-      slice($s, a, b)
+      toOpenArrayByte($s, a, b)
     else:
       s.toOpenArrayByte(a, b)
 
 template slice(s: openArray[uint8], a, b): openArray[uint8] =
-  when nimvm:
-    s[a .. b]
-  else:
-    s.toOpenArray(a, b)
+  s.toOpenArray(a, b)
 
 const useMem = declared(copyMem)
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/memfiles.nim b/lib/pure/memfiles.nim
index e27f9a79c..8eec551c4 100644
--- a/lib/pure/memfiles.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/memfiles.nim
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@
 ## other "line-like", variable length, delimited records).
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
   when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
     import std/widestrs
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 else:
   {.error: "the memfiles module is not supported on your operating system!".}
 
-import streams
+import std/streams
 import std/oserrors
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ proc newEIO(msg: string): ref IOError =
   new(result)
   result.msg = msg
 
-proc setFileSize(fh: FileHandle, newFileSize = -1): OSErrorCode =
-  ## Set the size of open file pointed to by `fh` to `newFileSize` if != -1.
-  ## Space is only allocated if that is cheaper than writing to the file.  This
-  ## routine returns the last OSErrorCode found rather than raising to support
-  ## old rollback/clean-up code style. [ Should maybe move to std/osfiles. ]
-  if newFileSize == -1:
+proc setFileSize(fh: FileHandle, newFileSize = -1, oldSize = -1): OSErrorCode =
+  ## Set the size of open file pointed to by `fh` to `newFileSize` if != -1,
+  ## allocating | freeing space from the file system.  This routine returns the
+  ## last OSErrorCode found rather than raising to support old rollback/clean-up
+  ## code style. [ Should maybe move to std/osfiles. ]
+  if newFileSize < 0 or newFileSize == oldSize:
     return
   when defined(windows):
     var sizeHigh = int32(newFileSize shr 32)
@@ -51,14 +51,18 @@ proc setFileSize(fh: FileHandle, newFileSize = -1): OSErrorCode =
         setEndOfFile(fh) == 0:
       result = lastErr
   else:
-    var e: cint # posix_fallocate truncates up when needed.
-    when declared(posix_fallocate):
-      while (e = posix_fallocate(fh, 0, newFileSize); e == EINTR):
-        discard
-    if e in [EINVAL, EOPNOTSUPP] and ftruncate(fh, newFileSize) == -1:
-      result = osLastError() # fallback arguable; Most portable, but allows SEGV
-    elif e != 0:
-      result = osLastError()
+    if newFileSize > oldSize: # grow the file
+      var e: cint # posix_fallocate truncates up when needed.
+      when declared(posix_fallocate):
+        while (e = posix_fallocate(fh, 0, newFileSize); e == EINTR):
+          discard
+      if e in [EINVAL, EOPNOTSUPP] and ftruncate(fh, newFileSize) == -1:
+        result = osLastError() # fallback arguable; Most portable BUT allows SEGV
+      elif e != 0:
+        result = osLastError()
+    else: # shrink the file
+      if ftruncate(fh.cint, newFileSize) == -1:
+        result = osLastError()
 
 type
   MemFile* = object      ## represents a memory mapped file
@@ -255,41 +259,31 @@ proc open*(filename: string, mode: FileMode = fmRead,
       flags = flags or O_CREAT or O_TRUNC
       var permissionsMode = S_IRUSR or S_IWUSR
       result.handle = open(filename, flags, permissionsMode)
+      if result.handle != -1:
+        if (let e = setFileSize(result.handle.FileHandle, newFileSize);
+            e != 0.OSErrorCode): fail(e, "error setting file size")
     else:
       result.handle = open(filename, flags)
 
     if result.handle == -1:
-      # XXX: errno is supposed to be set here
-      # Is there an exception that wraps it?
       fail(osLastError(), "error opening file")
 
-    if (let e = setFileSize(result.handle.FileHandle, newFileSize);
-        e != 0.OSErrorCode): fail(e, "error setting file size")
-
-    if mappedSize != -1:
-      result.size = mappedSize
-    else:
-      var stat: Stat
+    if mappedSize != -1: #XXX Logic here differs from `when windows` branch ..
+      result.size = mappedSize #.. which always fstats&Uses min(mappedSize, st).
+    else: # if newFileSize!=-1: result.size=newFileSize # if trust setFileSize
+      var stat: Stat  #^^.. BUT some FSes (eg. Linux HugeTLBfs) round to 2MiB.
       if fstat(result.handle, stat) != -1:
-        # XXX: Hmm, this could be unsafe
-        # Why is mmap taking int anyway?
-        result.size = int(stat.st_size)
+        result.size = stat.st_size.int # int may be 32-bit-unsafe for 2..<4 GiB
       else:
         fail(osLastError(), "error getting file size")
 
     result.flags = if mapFlags == cint(-1): MAP_SHARED else: mapFlags
-    #Ensure exactly one of MAP_PRIVATE cr MAP_SHARED is set
+    # Ensure exactly one of MAP_PRIVATE cr MAP_SHARED is set
     if int(result.flags and MAP_PRIVATE) == 0:
       result.flags = result.flags or MAP_SHARED
 
-    result.mem = mmap(
-      nil,
-      result.size,
-      if readonly: PROT_READ else: PROT_READ or PROT_WRITE,
-      result.flags,
-      result.handle,
-      offset)
-
+    let pr = if readonly: PROT_READ else: PROT_READ or PROT_WRITE
+    result.mem = mmap(nil, result.size, pr, result.flags, result.handle, offset)
     if result.mem == cast[pointer](MAP_FAILED):
       fail(osLastError(), "file mapping failed")
 
@@ -353,7 +347,7 @@ proc resize*(f: var MemFile, newFileSize: int) {.raises: [IOError, OSError].} =
       raise newException(IOError,
                          "Cannot resize MemFile opened with allowRemap=false")
     if newFileSize != f.size:
-      if (let e = setFileSize(f.handle.FileHandle, newFileSize);
+      if (let e = setFileSize(f.handle.FileHandle, newFileSize, f.size);
           e != 0.OSErrorCode): raiseOSError(e)
     when defined(linux): #Maybe NetBSD, too?
       # On Linux this can be over 100 times faster than a munmap,mmap cycle.
@@ -418,7 +412,7 @@ proc `==`*(x, y: MemSlice): bool =
 proc `$`*(ms: MemSlice): string {.inline.} =
   ## Return a Nim string built from a MemSlice.
   result.setLen(ms.size)
-  copyMem(addr(result[0]), ms.data, ms.size)
+  copyMem(result.cstring, ms.data, ms.size)
 
 iterator memSlices*(mfile: MemFile, delim = '\l', eat = '\r'): MemSlice {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over \[optional `eat`] `delim`-delimited slices in MemFile `mfile`.
diff --git a/lib/pure/mimetypes.nim b/lib/pure/mimetypes.nim
index 346fb39ee..ff639e8e5 100644
--- a/lib/pure/mimetypes.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/mimetypes.nim
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ runnableExamples:
   doAssert m.getMimetype("fakext") == "text/fakelang"
   doAssert m.getMimetype("FaKeXT") == "text/fakelang"
 
-import tables
-from strutils import startsWith, toLowerAscii, strip
+import std/tables
+from std/strutils import startsWith, toLowerAscii, strip
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -38,1848 +38,704 @@ type
     mimes: OrderedTable[string, string]
 
 const mimes* = {
-  "123": "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3",
-  "1km": "application/vnd.1000minds.decision-model+xml",
-  "323": "text/h323",
-  "3dm": "text/vnd.in3d.3dml",
-  "3dmf": "x-world/x-3dmf",
-  "3dml": "text/vnd.in3d.3dml",
-  "3ds": "image/x-3ds",
-  "3g2": "video/3gpp2",
-  "3gp": "video/3gpp",
-  "3gpp": "audio/3gpp",
-  "3gpp2": "video/3gpp2",
-  "3mf": "application/vnd.ms-3mfdocument",
-  "669": "audio/x-mod",
-  "726": "audio/32kadpcm",
-  "7z": "application/x-7z-compressed",
-  "a": "text/plain",
-  "a2l": "application/a2l",
-  "aa3": "audio/atrac3",
-  "aab": "application/x-authorware-bin",
-  "aac": "audio/x-aac",
-  "aal": "audio/atrac-advanced-lossless",
-  "aam": "application/x-authorware-map",
-  "aas": "application/x-authorware-seg",
-  "abc": "text/vnd.abc",
-  "abw": "application/x-abiword",
+  "ez": "application/andrew-inset",
+  "aw": "application/applixware",
+  "atom": "application/atom+xml",
+  "atomcat": "application/atomcat+xml",
+  "atomsvc": "application/atomsvc+xml",
+  "ccxml": "application/ccxml+xml",
+  "cdmia": "application/cdmi-capability",
+  "cdmic": "application/cdmi-container",
+  "cdmid": "application/cdmi-domain",
+  "cdmio": "application/cdmi-object",
+  "cdmiq": "application/cdmi-queue",
+  "cu": "application/cu-seeme",
+  "davmount": "application/davmount+xml",
+  "dbk": "application/docbook+xml",
+  "dssc": "application/dssc+der",
+  "xdssc": "application/dssc+xml",
+  "ecma": "application/ecmascript",
+  "emma": "application/emma+xml",
+  "epub": "application/epub+zip",
+  "exi": "application/exi",
+  "pfr": "application/font-tdpfr",
+  "gml": "application/gml+xml",
+  "gpx": "application/gpx+xml",
+  "gxf": "application/gxf",
+  "stk": "application/hyperstudio",
+  "ink": "application/inkml+xml",
+  "inkml": "application/inkml+xml",
+  "ipfix": "application/ipfix",
+  "jar": "application/java-archive",
+  "ser": "application/java-serialized-object",
+  "class": "application/java-vm",
+  "json": "application/json",
+  "jsonml": "application/jsonml+json",
+  "lostxml": "application/lost+xml",
+  "hqx": "application/mac-binhex40",
+  "cpt": "application/mac-compactpro",
+  "mads": "application/mads+xml",
+  "mrc": "application/marc",
+  "mrcx": "application/marcxml+xml",
+  "ma": "application/mathematica",
+  "nb": "application/mathematica",
+  "mb": "application/mathematica",
+  "mathml": "application/mathml+xml",
+  "mbox": "application/mbox",
+  "mscml": "application/mediaservercontrol+xml",
+  "metalink": "application/metalink+xml",
+  "meta4": "application/metalink4+xml",
+  "mets": "application/mets+xml",
+  "mods": "application/mods+xml",
+  "m21": "application/mp21",
+  "mp21": "application/mp21",
+  "mp4s": "application/mp4",
+  "doc": "application/msword",
+  "dot": "application/msword",
+  "mxf": "application/mxf",
+  "bin": "application/octet-stream",
+  "dms": "application/octet-stream",
+  "lrf": "application/octet-stream",
+  "mar": "application/octet-stream",
+  "so": "application/octet-stream",
+  "dist": "application/octet-stream",
+  "distz": "application/octet-stream",
+  "pkg": "application/octet-stream",
+  "bpk": "application/octet-stream",
+  "dump": "application/octet-stream",
+  "elc": "application/octet-stream",
+  "deploy": "application/octet-stream",
+  "oda": "application/oda",
+  "opf": "application/oebps-package+xml",
+  "ogx": "application/ogg",
+  "omdoc": "application/omdoc+xml",
+  "onetoc": "application/onenote",
+  "onetoc2": "application/onenote",
+  "onetmp": "application/onenote",
+  "onepkg": "application/onenote",
+  "oxps": "application/oxps",
+  "xer": "application/patch-ops-error+xml",
+  "pdf": "application/pdf",
+  "pgp": "application/pgp-encrypted",
+  "asc": "application/pgp-signature",
+  "sig": "application/pgp-signature",
+  "prf": "application/pics-rules",
+  "p10": "application/pkcs10",
+  "p7m": "application/pkcs7-mime",
+  "p7c": "application/pkcs7-mime",
+  "p7s": "application/pkcs7-signature",
+  "p8": "application/pkcs8",
   "ac": "application/pkix-attr-cert",
-  "ac3": "audio/ac3",
-  "acc": "application/vnd.americandynamics.acc",
-  "ace": "application/x-ace-compressed",
-  "acn": "audio/asc",
-  "acu": "application/vnd.acucobol",
-  "acutc": "application/vnd.acucorp",
-  "acx": "application/internet-property-stream",
-  "adp": "audio/adpcm",
-  "aep": "application/vnd.audiograph",
-  "afl": "video/animaflex",
-  "afm": "application/x-font-type1",
-  "afp": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
-  "ahead": "application/vnd.ahead.space",
+  "cer": "application/pkix-cert",
+  "crl": "application/pkix-crl",
+  "pkipath": "application/pkix-pkipath",
+  "pki": "application/pkixcmp",
+  "pls": "application/pls+xml",
   "ai": "application/postscript",
-  "aif": "audio/x-aiff",
-  "aifc": "audio/x-aiff",
-  "aiff": "audio/x-aiff",
-  "aim": "application/x-aim",
-  "aip": "text/x-audiosoft-intra",
-  "air": "application/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zip",
-  "ait": "application/vnd.dvb.ait",
-  "alc": "chemical/x-alchemy",
-  "ami": "application/vnd.amiga.ami",
-  "aml": "application/aml",
-  "amr": "audio/amr",
-  "ani": "application/x-navi-animation",
-  "anx": "application/x-annodex",
-  "aos": "application/x-nokia-9000-communicator-add-on-software",
-  "apinotes": "text/apinotes",
-  "apk": "application/vnd.android.package-archive",
-  "apkg": "application/vnd.anki",
-  "apng": "image/apng",
-  "appcache": "text/cache-manifest",
-  "appimage": "application/appimage",
-  "application": "application/x-ms-application",
-  "apr": "application/vnd.lotus-approach",
-  "aps": "application/mime",
-  "apxml": "application/auth-policy+xml",
-  "arc": "application/x-freearc",
-  "arj": "application/x-arj",
-  "art": "message/rfc822",
-  "asar": "binary/asar",
-  "asc": "text/plain",
-  "ascii": "text/vnd.ascii-art",
-  "asf": "application/vnd.ms-asf",
-  "asice": "application/vnd.etsi.asic-e+zip",
-  "asics": "application/vnd.etsi.asic-s+zip",
-  "asm": "text/x-asm",
-  "asn": "chemical/x-ncbi-asn1-spec",
+  "eps": "application/postscript",
+  "ps": "application/postscript",
+  "cww": "application/prs.cww",
+  "pskcxml": "application/pskc+xml",
+  "rdf": "application/rdf+xml",
+  "rif": "application/reginfo+xml",
+  "rnc": "application/relax-ng-compact-syntax",
+  "rl": "application/resource-lists+xml",
+  "rld": "application/resource-lists-diff+xml",
+  "rs": "application/rls-services+xml",
+  "gbr": "application/rpki-ghostbusters",
+  "mft": "application/rpki-manifest",
+  "roa": "application/rpki-roa",
+  "rsd": "application/rsd+xml",
+  "rss": "application/rss+xml",
+  "rtf": "application/rtf",
+  "sbml": "application/sbml+xml",
+  "scq": "application/scvp-cv-request",
+  "scs": "application/scvp-cv-response",
+  "spq": "application/scvp-vp-request",
+  "spp": "application/scvp-vp-response",
+  "sdp": "application/sdp",
+  "setpay": "application/set-payment-initiation",
+  "setreg": "application/set-registration-initiation",
+  "shf": "application/shf+xml",
+  "smi": "application/smil+xml",
+  "smil": "application/smil+xml",
+  "rq": "application/sparql-query",
+  "srx": "application/sparql-results+xml",
+  "gram": "application/srgs",
+  "grxml": "application/srgs+xml",
+  "sru": "application/sru+xml",
+  "ssdl": "application/ssdl+xml",
+  "ssml": "application/ssml+xml",
+  "tei": "application/tei+xml",
+  "teicorpus": "application/tei+xml",
+  "tfi": "application/thraud+xml",
+  "tsd": "application/timestamped-data",
+  "plb": "application/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-large",
+  "psb": "application/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-small",
+  "pvb": "application/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-var",
+  "tcap": "application/vnd.3gpp2.tcap",
+  "pwn": "application/vnd.3m.post-it-notes",
   "aso": "application/vnd.accpac.simply.aso",
-  "asp": "text/asp",
-  "asr": "video/x-ms-asf",
-  "asx": "video/x-ms-asf",
-  "at3": "audio/atrac3",
+  "imp": "application/vnd.accpac.simply.imp",
+  "acu": "application/vnd.acucobol",
   "atc": "application/vnd.acucorp",
-  "atf": "application/atf",
-  "atfx": "application/atfx",
-  "atom": "application/atom+xml",
-  "atomcat": "application/atomcat+xml",
-  "atomdeleted": "application/atomdeleted+xml",
-  "atomsrv": "application/atomserv+xml",
-  "atomsvc": "application/atomsvc+xml",
-  "atx": "application/vnd.antix.game-component",
-  "atxml": "application/atxml",
-  "au": "audio/basic",
-  "auc": "application/tamp-apex-update-confirm",
-  "avi": "video/x-msvideo",
-  "avs": "video/avs-video",
-  "aw": "application/applixware",
-  "awb": "audio/amr-wb",
-  "axa": "audio/x-annodex",
-  "axs": "application/olescript",
-  "axv": "video/x-annodex",
+  "acutc": "application/vnd.acucorp",
+  "air": "application/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zip",
+  "fcdt": "application/vnd.adobe.formscentral.fcdt",
+  "fxp": "application/vnd.adobe.fxp",
+  "fxpl": "application/vnd.adobe.fxp",
+  "xdp": "application/vnd.adobe.xdp+xml",
+  "xfdf": "application/vnd.adobe.xfdf",
+  "ahead": "application/vnd.ahead.space",
   "azf": "application/vnd.airzip.filesecure.azf",
   "azs": "application/vnd.airzip.filesecure.azs",
-  "azv": "image/vnd.airzip.accelerator.azv",
   "azw": "application/vnd.amazon.ebook",
-  "azw3": "application/vnd.amazon.mobi8-ebook",
-  "b": "chemical/x-molconn-Z",
-  "bak": "application/x-trash",
-  "bar": "application/vnd.qualcomm.brew-app-res",
-  "bas": "text/plain",
-  "bash": "text/shell",
-  "bat": "application/x-msdos-program",
-  "bcpio": "application/x-bcpio",
-  "bdf": "application/x-font-bdf",
-  "bdm": "application/vnd.syncml.dm+wbxml",
-  "bdoc": "application/bdoc",
-  "bed": "application/vnd.realvnc.bed",
-  "bh2": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasysprs",
-  "bib": "text/x-bibtex",
-  "bik": "video/vnd.radgamettools.bink",
-  "bin": "application/octet-stream",
-  "bk2": "video/vnd.radgamettools.bink",
-  "bkm": "application/vnd.nervana",
-  "blb": "application/x-blorb",
-  "blend": "binary/blender",
-  "blorb": "application/x-blorb",
-  "bm": "image/bmp",
-  "bmed": "multipart/vnd.bint.med-plus",
+  "acc": "application/vnd.americandynamics.acc",
+  "ami": "application/vnd.amiga.ami",
+  "apk": "application/vnd.android.package-archive",
+  "cii": "application/vnd.anser-web-certificate-issue-initiation",
+  "fti": "application/vnd.anser-web-funds-transfer-initiation",
+  "atx": "application/vnd.antix.game-component",
+  "mpkg": "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml",
+  "m3u8": "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl",
+  "swi": "application/vnd.aristanetworks.swi",
+  "iota": "application/vnd.astraea-software.iota",
+  "aep": "application/vnd.audiograph",
+  "mpm": "application/vnd.blueice.multipass",
   "bmi": "application/vnd.bmi",
-  "bmml": "application/vnd.balsamiq.bmml+xml",
-  "bmp": "image/bmp",
-  "bmpr": "application/vnd.balsamiq.bmpr",
-  "boo": "application/book",
-  "book": "application/book",
-  "box": "application/vnd.previewsystems.box",
-  "boz": "application/x-bzip2",
-  "bpd": "application/vnd.hbci",
-  "bpk": "application/octet-stream",
-  "brf": "text/plain",
-  "bsd": "chemical/x-crossfire",
-  "bsh": "application/x-bsh",
-  "bsp": "model/vnd.valve.source.compiled-map",
-  "btf": "image/prs.btif",
-  "btif": "image/prs.btif",
-  "bz": "application/x-bzip",
-  "bz2": "application/x-bzip2",
-  "c": "text/x-csrc",
-  "c++": "text/x-c++src",
-  "c11amc": "application/vnd.cluetrust.cartomobile-config",
-  "c11amz": "application/vnd.cluetrust.cartomobile-config-pkg",
-  "c3d": "chemical/x-chem3d",
-  "c3ex": "application/cccex",
+  "rep": "application/vnd.businessobjects",
+  "cdxml": "application/vnd.chemdraw+xml",
+  "mmd": "application/vnd.chipnuts.karaoke-mmd",
+  "cdy": "application/vnd.cinderella",
+  "cla": "application/vnd.claymore",
+  "rp9": "application/vnd.cloanto.rp9",
+  "c4g": "application/vnd.clonk.c4group",
   "c4d": "application/vnd.clonk.c4group",
   "c4f": "application/vnd.clonk.c4group",
-  "c4g": "application/vnd.clonk.c4group",
   "c4p": "application/vnd.clonk.c4group",
   "c4u": "application/vnd.clonk.c4group",
-  "cab": "application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed",
-  "cac": "chemical/x-cache",
-  "cache": "application/x-cache",
-  "caf": "audio/x-caf",
-  "cap": "application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap",
-  "car": "application/vnd.curl.car",
-  "cascii": "chemical/x-cactvs-binary",
-  "cat": "application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat",
-  "cb7": "application/x-cbr",
-  "cba": "application/x-cbr",
-  "cbin": "chemical/x-cactvs-binary",
-  "cbor": "application/cbor",
-  "cbr": "application/x-cbr",
-  "cbt": "application/x-cbr",
-  "cbz": "application/vnd.comicbook+zip",
-  "cc": "text/plain",
-  "ccad": "application/clariscad",
-  "ccc": "text/vnd.net2phone.commcenter.command",
-  "ccmp": "application/ccmp+xml",
-  "cco": "application/x-cocoa",
-  "cct": "application/x-director",
-  "ccxml": "application/ccxml+xml",
-  "cda": "application/x-cdf",
+  "c11amc": "application/vnd.cluetrust.cartomobile-config",
+  "c11amz": "application/vnd.cluetrust.cartomobile-config-pkg",
+  "csp": "application/vnd.commonspace",
   "cdbcmsg": "application/vnd.contact.cmsg",
-  "cdf": "application/x-netcdf",
-  "cdfx": "application/cdfx+xml",
-  "cdkey": "application/vnd.mediastation.cdkey",
-  "cdmia": "application/cdmi-capability",
-  "cdmic": "application/cdmi-container",
-  "cdmid": "application/cdmi-domain",
-  "cdmio": "application/cdmi-object",
-  "cdmiq": "application/cdmi-queue",
-  "cdr": "image/x-coreldraw",
-  "cdt": "image/x-coreldrawtemplate",
-  "cdx": "chemical/x-cdx",
-  "cdxml": "application/vnd.chemdraw+xml",
-  "cdy": "application/vnd.cinderella",
-  "cea": "application/cea",
-  "cef": "chemical/x-cxf",
-  "cellml": "application/cellml+xml",
-  "cer": "application/pkix-cert",
-  "cfg": "text/cfg",
-  "cfs": "application/x-cfs-compressed",
-  "cgm": "image/cgm",
-  "cha": "application/x-chat",
-  "chat": "application/x-chat",
-  "chm": "application/vnd.ms-htmlhelp",
-  "chrt": "application/vnd.kde.kchart",
-  "cif": "chemical/x-cif",
-  "cii": "application/vnd.anser-web-certificate-issue-initiation",
-  "cil": "application/vnd.ms-artgalry",
-  "cl": "application/simple-filter+xml",
-  "cla": "application/vnd.claymore",
-  "class": "application/java-vm",
+  "cmc": "application/vnd.cosmocaller",
+  "clkx": "application/vnd.crick.clicker",
   "clkk": "application/vnd.crick.clicker.keyboard",
   "clkp": "application/vnd.crick.clicker.palette",
   "clkt": "application/vnd.crick.clicker.template",
   "clkw": "application/vnd.crick.clicker.wordbank",
-  "clkx": "application/vnd.crick.clicker",
-  "clp": "application/x-msclip",
-  "cls": "text/x-tex",
-  "clue": "application/clue_info+xml",
-  "cmake": "text/cmake",
-  "cmc": "application/vnd.cosmocaller",
-  "cmdf": "chemical/x-cmdf",
-  "cml": "chemical/x-cml",
-  "cmp": "application/vnd.yellowriver-custom-menu",
-  "cmsc": "application/cms",
-  "cmx": "image/x-cmx",
-  "cnd": "text/jcr-cnd",
-  "cnf": "text/cnf",
-  "cod": "application/vnd.rim.cod",
-  "coffee": "application/vnd.coffeescript",
-  "com": "application/x-msdos-program",
-  "conf": "text/plain",
-  "copyright": "text/vnd.debian.copyright",
-  "cpa": "chemical/x-compass",
-  "cpio": "application/x-cpio",
-  "cpkg": "application/vnd.xmpie.cpkg",
-  "cpl": "application/cpl+xml",
-  "cpp": "text/x-c++src",
-  "cpt": "application/mac-compactpro",
-  "cr2": "image/x-canon-cr2",
-  "crd": "application/x-mscardfile",
-  "crl": "application/pkix-crl",
-  "crt": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
-  "crtr": "application/vnd.multiad.creator",
-  "crw": "image/x-canon-crw",
-  "crx": "application/x-chrome-extension",
-  "cryptonote": "application/vnd.rig.cryptonote",
-  "cs": "text/c#",
-  "csf": "chemical/x-cache-csf",
-  "csh": "application/x-csh",
-  "csl": "application/vnd.citationstyles.style+xml",
-  "csm": "chemical/x-csml",
-  "csml": "chemical/x-csml",
-  "cson": "text/cson",
-  "csp": "application/vnd.commonspace",
-  "csrattrs": "application/csrattrs",
-  "css": "text/css",
-  "cst": "application/vnd.commonspace",
-  "csv": "text/csv",
-  "csvs": "text/csv-schema",
-  "ctab": "chemical/x-cactvs-binary",
-  "ctx": "chemical/x-ctx",
-  "cu": "application/cu-seeme",
-  "cub": "chemical/x-gaussian-cube",
-  "cuc": "application/tamp-community-update-confirm",
-  "curl": "text/vnd.curl",
-  "cw": "application/prs.cww",
-  "cww": "application/prs.cww",
-  "cxf": "chemical/x-cxf",
-  "cxt": "application/x-director",
-  "cxx": "text/plain",
-  "d": "text/x-dsrc",
-  "dae": "model/vnd.collada+xml",
-  "daf": "application/vnd.mobius.daf",
+  "wbs": "application/vnd.criticaltools.wbs+xml",
+  "pml": "application/vnd.ctc-posml",
+  "ppd": "application/vnd.cups-ppd",
+  "car": "application/vnd.curl.car",
+  "pcurl": "application/vnd.curl.pcurl",
   "dart": "application/vnd.dart",
-  "dat": "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",
-  "dataless": "application/vnd.fdsn.seed",
-  "davmount": "application/davmount+xml",
-  "dbk": "application/docbook+xml",
-  "dcd": "application/dcd",
-  "dcf": "application/vnd.oma.drm.content",
-  "dcm": "application/dicom",
-  "dcr": "application/x-director",
-  "dcurl": "text/vnd.curl.dcurl",
-  "dd": "application/vnd.oma.dd+xml",
-  "dd2": "application/vnd.oma.dd2+xml",
-  "ddd": "application/vnd.fujixerox.ddd",
-  "ddf": "application/vnd.syncml.dmddf+xml",
-  "deb": "application/vnd.debian.binary-package",
-  "deepv": "application/x-deepv",
-  "def": "text/plain",
-  "deploy": "application/octet-stream",
-  "der": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
-  "dfac": "application/vnd.dreamfactory",
-  "dgc": "application/x-dgc-compressed",
-  "dib": "image/bmp",
-  "dic": "text/x-c",
-  "dif": "video/x-dv",
-  "diff": "text/x-diff",
-  "dii": "application/dii",
-  "dim": "application/vnd.fastcopy-disk-image",
-  "dir": "application/x-director",
-  "dis": "application/vnd.mobius.dis",
-  "disposition-notification": "message/disposition-notification",
-  "dist": "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml",
-  "distz": "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml",
-  "dit": "application/dit",
-  "djv": "image/vnd.djvu",
-  "djvu": "image/vnd.djvu",
-  "dl": "video/dl",
-  "dll": "application/x-msdos-program",
-  "dls": "audio/dls",
-  "dm": "application/vnd.oma.drm.message",
-  "dmg": "application/x-apple-diskimage",
-  "dmp": "application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap",
-  "dms": "text/vnd.dmclientscript",
+  "rdz": "application/vnd.data-vision.rdz",
+  "uvf": "application/vnd.dece.data",
+  "uvvf": "application/vnd.dece.data",
+  "uvd": "application/vnd.dece.data",
+  "uvvd": "application/vnd.dece.data",
+  "uvt": "application/vnd.dece.ttml+xml",
+  "uvvt": "application/vnd.dece.ttml+xml",
+  "uvx": "application/vnd.dece.unspecified",
+  "uvvx": "application/vnd.dece.unspecified",
+  "uvz": "application/vnd.dece.zip",
+  "uvvz": "application/vnd.dece.zip",
+  "fe_launch": "application/vnd.denovo.fcselayout-link",
   "dna": "application/vnd.dna",
-  "doc": "application/msword",
-  "docjson": "application/vnd.document+json",
-  "docm": "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroenabled.12",
-  "docx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
-  "dor": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "dot": "text/vnd.graphviz",
-  "dotm": "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroenabled.12",
-  "dotx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",
-  "dp": "application/vnd.osgi.dp",
+  "mlp": "application/vnd.dolby.mlp",
   "dpg": "application/vnd.dpgraph",
-  "dpgraph": "application/vnd.dpgraph",
-  "dpkg": "application/vnd.xmpie.dpkg",
-  "dr": "application/vnd.oma.drm.rights+xml",
-  "dra": "audio/vnd.dra",
-  "drc": "application/vnd.oma.drm.rights+wbxml",
-  "drle": "image/dicom-rle",
-  "drw": "application/drafting",
-  "dsc": "text/prs.lines.tag",
-  "dsm": "application/vnd.desmume.movie",
-  "dssc": "application/dssc+der",
-  "dtb": "application/x-dtbook+xml",
-  "dtd": "application/xml-dtd",
-  "dts": "audio/vnd.dts",
-  "dtshd": "audio/vnd.dts.hd",
-  "dump": "application/octet-stream",
-  "dv": "video/x-dv",
-  "dvb": "video/vnd.dvb.file",
-  "dvc": "application/dvcs",
-  "dvi": "application/x-dvi",
-  "dwf": "model/vnd.dwf",
-  "dwg": "image/vnd.dwg",
-  "dx": "chemical/x-jcamp-dx",
-  "dxf": "image/vnd.dxf",
-  "dxp": "application/vnd.spotfire.dxp",
-  "dxr": "application/x-director",
-  "dzr": "application/vnd.dzr",
-  "ear": "binary/zip",
-  "ecelp4800": "audio/vnd.nuera.ecelp4800",
-  "ecelp7470": "audio/vnd.nuera.ecelp7470",
-  "ecelp9600": "audio/vnd.nuera.ecelp9600",
-  "ecig": "application/vnd.evolv.ecig.settings",
-  "ecigprofile": "application/vnd.evolv.ecig.profile",
-  "ecigtheme": "application/vnd.evolv.ecig.theme",
-  "ecma": "application/ecmascript",
-  "edm": "application/vnd.novadigm.edm",
-  "edx": "application/vnd.novadigm.edx",
-  "efi": "application/efi",
-  "efif": "application/vnd.picsel",
-  "ei6": "application/vnd.pg.osasli",
-  "ejs": "text/ejs",
-  "el": "text/plain",
-  "elc": "application/x-bytecode.elisp",
-  "emb": "chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide",
-  "embl": "chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide",
-  "emf": "image/emf",
-  "eml": "message/rfc822",
-  "emm": "application/vnd.ibm.electronic-media",
-  "emma": "application/emma+xml",
-  "emotionml": "application/emotionml+xml",
-  "emz": "application/x-msmetafile",
-  "ent": "text/xml-external-parsed-entity",
-  "entity": "application/vnd.nervana",
-  "env": "application/x-envoy",
-  "enw": "audio/evrcnw",
-  "eol": "audio/vnd.digital-winds",
-  "eot": "application/vnd.ms-fontobject",
-  "ep": "application/vnd.bluetooth.ep.oob",
-  "eps": "application/postscript",
-  "eps2": "application/postscript",
-  "eps3": "application/postscript",
-  "epsf": "application/postscript",
-  "epsi": "application/postscript",
-  "epub": "application/epub+zip",
-  "erb": "text/erb",
-  "erf": "image/x-epson-erf",
-  "es": "application/ecmascript",
-  "es3": "application/vnd.eszigno3+xml",
-  "esa": "application/vnd.osgi.subsystem",
-  "escn": "text/godot",
+  "dfac": "application/vnd.dreamfactory",
+  "kpxx": "application/vnd.ds-keypoint",
+  "ait": "application/vnd.dvb.ait",
+  "svc": "application/vnd.dvb.service",
+  "geo": "application/vnd.dynageo",
+  "mag": "application/vnd.ecowin.chart",
+  "nml": "application/vnd.enliven",
   "esf": "application/vnd.epson.esf",
-  "espass": "application/vnd.espass-espass+zip",
+  "msf": "application/vnd.epson.msf",
+  "qam": "application/vnd.epson.quickanime",
+  "slt": "application/vnd.epson.salt",
+  "ssf": "application/vnd.epson.ssf",
+  "es3": "application/vnd.eszigno3+xml",
   "et3": "application/vnd.eszigno3+xml",
-  "etx": "text/x-setext",
-  "eva": "application/x-eva",
-  "evb": "audio/evrcb",
-  "evc": "audio/evrc",
-  "evw": "audio/evrcwb",
-  "evy": "application/x-envoy",
-  "exe": "application/x-msdos-program",
-  "exi": "application/exi",
-  "exr": "image/aces",
-  "ext": "application/vnd.novadigm.ext",
-  "eyaml": "text/yaml",
-  "ez": "application/andrew-inset",
   "ez2": "application/vnd.ezpix-album",
   "ez3": "application/vnd.ezpix-package",
-  "f": "text/x-fortran",
-  "f4v": "video/x-f4v",
-  "f77": "text/x-fortran",
-  "f90": "text/plain",
-  "fb": "application/x-maker",
-  "fbdoc": "application/x-maker",
-  "fbs": "image/vnd.fastbidsheet",
-  "fbx": "model/filmbox",
-  "fcdt": "application/vnd.adobe.formscentral.fcdt",
-  "fch": "chemical/x-gaussian-checkpoint",
-  "fchk": "chemical/x-gaussian-checkpoint",
-  "fcs": "application/vnd.isac.fcs",
   "fdf": "application/vnd.fdf",
-  "fdt": "application/fdt+xml",
-  "fe_launch": "application/vnd.denovo.fcselayout-link",
-  "feature": "text/gherkin",
-  "fg5": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasysgp",
-  "fgd": "application/x-director",
-  "fh": "image/x-freehand",
-  "fh4": "image/x-freehand",
-  "fh5": "image/x-freehand",
-  "fh7": "image/x-freehand",
-  "fhc": "image/x-freehand",
-  "fif": "image/fif",
-  "fig": "application/x-xfig",
-  "finf": "application/fastinfoset",
-  "fish": "text/fish",
-  "fit": "image/fits",
-  "fits": "image/fits",
-  "fla": "application/vnd.dtg.local.flash",
-  "flac": "audio/x-flac",
-  "fli": "video/x-fli",
-  "flo": "application/vnd.micrografx.flo",
-  "flr": "x-world/x-vrml",
-  "flv": "video/x-flv",
-  "flw": "application/vnd.kde.kivio",
-  "flx": "text/vnd.fmi.flexstor",
-  "fly": "text/vnd.fly",
+  "mseed": "application/vnd.fdsn.mseed",
+  "seed": "application/vnd.fdsn.seed",
+  "dataless": "application/vnd.fdsn.seed",
+  "gph": "application/vnd.flographit",
+  "ftc": "application/vnd.fluxtime.clip",
   "fm": "application/vnd.framemaker",
-  "fmf": "video/x-atomic3d-feature",
-  "fnc": "application/vnd.frogans.fnc",
-  "fo": "application/vnd.software602.filler.form+xml",
-  "for": "text/x-fortran",
-  "fpx": "image/vnd.fpx",
   "frame": "application/vnd.framemaker",
-  "frl": "application/freeloader",
-  "frm": "application/vnd.ufdl",
+  "maker": "application/vnd.framemaker",
+  "book": "application/vnd.framemaker",
+  "fnc": "application/vnd.frogans.fnc",
+  "ltf": "application/vnd.frogans.ltf",
   "fsc": "application/vnd.fsc.weblaunch",
-  "fst": "image/vnd.fst",
-  "ftc": "application/vnd.fluxtime.clip",
-  "fti": "application/vnd.anser-web-funds-transfer-initiation",
-  "fts": "image/fits",
-  "funk": "audio/make",
-  "fvt": "video/vnd.fvt",
-  "fxm": "video/x-javafx",
-  "fxp": "application/vnd.adobe.fxp",
-  "fxpl": "application/vnd.adobe.fxp",
+  "oas": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys",
+  "oa2": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys2",
+  "oa3": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys3",
+  "fg5": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasysgp",
+  "bh2": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasysprs",
+  "ddd": "application/vnd.fujixerox.ddd",
+  "xdw": "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks",
+  "xbd": "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks.binder",
   "fzs": "application/vnd.fuzzysheet",
-  "g": "text/plain",
-  "g2w": "application/vnd.geoplan",
-  "g3": "image/g3fax",
-  "g3w": "application/vnd.geospace",
-  "gac": "application/vnd.groove-account",
-  "gal": "chemical/x-gaussian-log",
-  "gam": "application/x-tads",
-  "gamin": "chemical/x-gamess-input",
-  "gau": "chemical/x-gaussian-input",
-  "gbr": "application/rpki-ghostbusters",
-  "gca": "application/x-gca-compressed",
-  "gcd": "text/x-pcs-gcd",
-  "gcf": "application/x-graphing-calculator",
-  "gcg": "chemical/x-gcg8-sequence",
-  "gdl": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "gdoc": "application/vnd.google-apps.document",
-  "gemspec": "text/ruby",
-  "gen": "chemical/x-genbank",
-  "geo": "application/vnd.dynageo",
-  "geojson": "application/geo+json",
-  "gex": "application/vnd.geometry-explorer",
-  "gf": "application/x-tex-gf",
+  "txd": "application/vnd.genomatix.tuxedo",
   "ggb": "application/vnd.geogebra.file",
+  "ggs": "application/vnd.geogebra.slides",
   "ggt": "application/vnd.geogebra.tool",
-  "ghf": "application/vnd.groove-help",
-  "gif": "image/gif",
-  "gim": "application/vnd.groove-identity-message",
-  "gjc": "chemical/x-gaussian-input",
-  "gjf": "chemical/x-gaussian-input",
-  "gl": "video/gl",
-  "glb": "model/gltf-binary",
-  "gltf": "model/gltf+json",
-  "gml": "application/gml+xml",
+  "gex": "application/vnd.geometry-explorer",
+  "gre": "application/vnd.geometry-explorer",
+  "gxt": "application/vnd.geonext",
+  "g2w": "application/vnd.geoplan",
+  "g3w": "application/vnd.geospace",
   "gmx": "application/vnd.gmx",
-  "gnumeric": "application/x-gnumeric",
-  "go": "text/go",
-  "gotmpl": "text/gotmpl",
-  "gph": "application/vnd.flographit",
-  "gpt": "chemical/x-mopac-graph",
-  "gpx": "application/gpx+xml",
+  "kml": "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml",
+  "kmz": "application/vnd.google-earth.kmz",
   "gqf": "application/vnd.grafeq",
   "gqs": "application/vnd.grafeq",
-  "gradle": "text/groovy",
-  "gram": "application/srgs",
-  "gramps": "application/x-gramps-xml",
-  "gre": "application/vnd.geometry-explorer",
-  "groovy": "text/groovy",
+  "gac": "application/vnd.groove-account",
+  "ghf": "application/vnd.groove-help",
+  "gim": "application/vnd.groove-identity-message",
   "grv": "application/vnd.groove-injector",
-  "grxml": "application/srgs+xml",
-  "gsd": "audio/x-gsm",
-  "gsf": "application/x-font-ghostscript",
-  "gsheet": "application/vnd.google-apps.spreadsheet",
-  "gslides": "application/vnd.google-apps.presentation",
-  "gsm": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "gsp": "application/x-gsp",
-  "gss": "application/x-gss",
-  "gtar": "application/x-gtar",
   "gtm": "application/vnd.groove-tool-message",
-  "gtw": "model/vnd.gtw",
-  "gv": "text/vnd.graphviz",
-  "gxf": "application/gxf",
-  "gxt": "application/vnd.geonext",
-  "gyb": "text/gyb",
-  "gyp": "text/gyp",
-  "gypi": "text/gyp",
-  "gz": "application/gzip",
-  "h": "text/x-chdr",
-  "h++": "text/x-c++hdr",
-  "h261": "video/h261",
-  "h263": "video/h263",
-  "h264": "video/h264",
+  "tpl": "application/vnd.groove-tool-template",
+  "vcg": "application/vnd.groove-vcard",
   "hal": "application/vnd.hal+xml",
-  "hbc": "application/vnd.hbci",
+  "zmm": "application/vnd.handheld-entertainment+xml",
   "hbci": "application/vnd.hbci",
-  "hbs": "text/x-handlebars-template",
-  "hdd": "application/x-virtualbox-hdd",
-  "hdf": "application/x-hdf",
-  "hdr": "image/vnd.radiance",
-  "hdt": "application/vnd.hdt",
-  "heic": "image/heic",
-  "heics": "image/heic-sequence",
-  "heif": "image/heif",
-  "heifs": "image/heif-sequence",
-  "help": "application/x-helpfile",
-  "hgl": "application/vnd.hp-hpgl",
-  "hh": "text/plain",
-  "hin": "chemical/x-hin",
-  "hjson": "application/hjson",
-  "hlb": "text/x-script",
-  "hlp": "application/winhlp",
-  "hpg": "application/vnd.hp-hpgl",
+  "les": "application/vnd.hhe.lesson-player",
   "hpgl": "application/vnd.hp-hpgl",
-  "hpi": "application/vnd.hp-hpid",
   "hpid": "application/vnd.hp-hpid",
-  "hpp": "text/x-c++hdr",
   "hps": "application/vnd.hp-hps",
-  "hpub": "application/prs.hpub+zip",
-  "hqx": "application/mac-binhex40",
-  "hs": "text/x-haskell",
-  "hta": "application/hta",
-  "htc": "text/x-component",
-  "htke": "application/vnd.kenameaapp",
-  "html": "text/html",
-  "htt": "text/webviewhtml",
-  "hvd": "application/vnd.yamaha.hv-dic",
-  "hvp": "application/vnd.yamaha.hv-voice",
-  "hvs": "application/vnd.yamaha.hv-script",
-  "hx": "text/haxe",
-  "hxml": "text/haxe",
-  "hxx": "text/plain",
-  "i2g": "application/vnd.intergeo",
-  "ic0": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic1": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic2": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic3": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic4": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic5": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic6": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic7": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ic8": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ica": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
+  "jlt": "application/vnd.hp-jlyt",
+  "pcl": "application/vnd.hp-pcl",
+  "pclxl": "application/vnd.hp-pclxl",
+  "sfd-hdstx": "application/vnd.hydrostatix.sof-data",
+  "mpy": "application/vnd.ibm.minipay",
+  "afp": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
+  "listafp": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
+  "list3820": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
+  "irm": "application/vnd.ibm.rights-management",
+  "sc": "application/vnd.ibm.secure-container",
   "icc": "application/vnd.iccprofile",
-  "icd": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
-  "ice": "x-conference/x-cooltalk",
-  "icf": "application/vnd.commerce-battelle",
   "icm": "application/vnd.iccprofile",
-  "icns": "binary/icns",
-  "ico": "image/x-icon",
-  "ics": "text/calendar",
-  "icz": "text/calendar",
-  "idc": "text/plain",
-  "idl": "text/idl",
-  "ief": "image/ief",
-  "iefs": "image/ief",
-  "ifb": "text/calendar",
-  "ifm": "application/vnd.shana.informed.formdata",
-  "iges": "model/iges",
   "igl": "application/vnd.igloader",
-  "igm": "application/vnd.insors.igm",
-  "ign": "application/vnd.coreos.ignition+json",
-  "ignition": "application/vnd.coreos.ignition+json",
-  "igs": "model/iges",
-  "igx": "application/vnd.micrografx.igx",
-  "iif": "application/vnd.shana.informed.interchange",
-  "iii": "application/x-iphone",
-  "ima": "application/x-ima",
-  "imap": "application/x-httpd-imap",
-  "imf": "application/vnd.imagemeter.folder+zip",
-  "img": "application/octet-stream",
-  "imgcal": "application/vnd.3lightssoftware.imagescal",
-  "imi": "application/vnd.imagemeter.image+zip",
-  "imp": "application/vnd.accpac.simply.imp",
-  "ims": "application/vnd.ms-ims",
-  "imscc": "application/vnd.ims.imsccv1p1",
-  "in": "text/plain",
-  "inc": "text/inc",
-  "inf": "application/inf",
-  "info": "application/x-info",
-  "ini": "text/ini",
-  "ink": "application/inkml+xml",
-  "inkml": "application/inkml+xml",
-  "inp": "chemical/x-gamess-input",
-  "ins": "application/x-internet-signup",
-  "install": "application/x-install-instructions",
-  "iota": "application/vnd.astraea-software.iota",
-  "ip": "application/x-ip2",
-  "ipfix": "application/ipfix",
-  "ipk": "application/vnd.shana.informed.package",
-  "irm": "application/vnd.ibm.rights-management",
-  "irp": "application/vnd.irepository.package+xml",
-  "ism": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "iso": "application/x-iso9660-image",
-  "isp": "application/x-internet-signup",
-  "ist": "chemical/x-isostar",
-  "istr": "chemical/x-isostar",
-  "isu": "video/x-isvideo",
-  "it": "audio/it",
-  "itp": "application/vnd.shana.informed.formtemplate",
-  "its": "application/its+xml",
-  "iv": "application/x-inventor",
   "ivp": "application/vnd.immervision-ivp",
-  "ivr": "i-world/i-vrml",
   "ivu": "application/vnd.immervision-ivu",
-  "ivy": "application/x-livescreen",
-  "j2": "text/jinja",
-  "jad": "text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor",
-  "jade": "text/jade",
+  "igm": "application/vnd.insors.igm",
+  "xpw": "application/vnd.intercon.formnet",
+  "xpx": "application/vnd.intercon.formnet",
+  "i2g": "application/vnd.intergeo",
+  "qbo": "application/vnd.intu.qbo",
+  "qfx": "application/vnd.intu.qfx",
+  "rcprofile": "application/vnd.ipunplugged.rcprofile",
+  "irp": "application/vnd.irepository.package+xml",
+  "xpr": "application/vnd.is-xpr",
+  "fcs": "application/vnd.isac.fcs",
   "jam": "application/vnd.jam",
-  "jar": "application/x-java-archive",
-  "jardiff": "application/x-java-archive-diff",
-  "java": "text/x-java-source",
-  "jcm": "application/x-java-commerce",
-  "jdx": "chemical/x-jcamp-dx",
-  "jenkinsfile": "text/groovy",
-  "jfif": "image/jpeg",
-  "jinja": "text/jinja",
-  "jinja2": "text/jinja",
+  "rms": "application/vnd.jcp.javame.midlet-rms",
   "jisp": "application/vnd.jisp",
-  "jls": "image/jls",
-  "jlt": "application/vnd.hp-jlyt",
-  "jl": "text/julia",
-  "jmz": "application/x-jmol",
-  "jng": "image/x-jng",
-  "jnlp": "application/x-java-jnlp-file",
   "joda": "application/vnd.joost.joda-archive",
-  "jp2": "image/jp2",
-  "jpe": "image/jpeg",
-  "jpeg": "image/jpeg",
-  "jpf": "image/jpx",
-  "jpg": "image/jpeg",
-  "jpg2": "image/jp2",
-  "jpgm": "image/jpm",
-  "jpgv": "video/jpeg",
-  "jpm": "image/jpm",
-  "jps": "image/x-jps",
-  "jpx": "image/jpx",
-  "jrd": "application/jrd+json",
-  "js": "application/javascript",
-  "json": "application/json",
-  "json-patch": "application/json-patch+json",
-  "json5": "application/json5",
-  "jsonld": "application/ld+json",
-  "jsonml": "application/jsonml+json",
-  "jsx": "text/jsx",
-  "jtd": "text/vnd.esmertec.theme-descriptor",
-  "jut": "image/jutvision",
-  "kar": "audio/midi",
+  "ktz": "application/vnd.kahootz",
+  "ktr": "application/vnd.kahootz",
   "karbon": "application/vnd.kde.karbon",
-  "kcm": "application/vnd.nervana",
-  "key": "application/pgp-keys",
-  "keynote": "application/vnd.apple.keynote",
+  "chrt": "application/vnd.kde.kchart",
   "kfo": "application/vnd.kde.kformula",
-  "kia": "application/vnd.kidspiration",
-  "kil": "application/x-killustrator",
-  "kin": "chemical/x-kinemage",
-  "kml": "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml",
-  "kmz": "application/vnd.google-earth.kmz",
-  "kne": "application/vnd.kinar",
-  "knp": "application/vnd.kinar",
-  "kom": "application/vnd.hbci",
+  "flw": "application/vnd.kde.kivio",
   "kon": "application/vnd.kde.kontour",
-  "koz": "audio/vnd.audikoz",
   "kpr": "application/vnd.kde.kpresenter",
   "kpt": "application/vnd.kde.kpresenter",
-  "kpxx": "application/vnd.ds-keypoint",
-  "ksh": "application/x-ksh",
   "ksp": "application/vnd.kde.kspread",
-  "kt": "text/kotlin",
-  "ktr": "application/vnd.kahootz",
-  "ktx": "image/ktx",
-  "ktz": "application/vnd.kahootz",
   "kwd": "application/vnd.kde.kword",
   "kwt": "application/vnd.kde.kword",
-  "l16": "audio/l16",
-  "la": "audio/nspaudio",
-  "lam": "audio/x-liveaudio",
-  "lasjson": "application/vnd.las.las+json",
+  "htke": "application/vnd.kenameaapp",
+  "kia": "application/vnd.kidspiration",
+  "kne": "application/vnd.kinar",
+  "knp": "application/vnd.kinar",
+  "skp": "application/vnd.koan",
+  "skd": "application/vnd.koan",
+  "skt": "application/vnd.koan",
+  "skm": "application/vnd.koan",
+  "sse": "application/vnd.kodak-descriptor",
   "lasxml": "application/vnd.las.las+xml",
-  "latex": "application/x-latex",
-  "lbc": "audio/ilbc",
   "lbd": "application/vnd.llamagraphics.life-balance.desktop",
   "lbe": "application/vnd.llamagraphics.life-balance.exchange+xml",
-  "le": "application/vnd.bluetooth.le.oob",
-  "les": "application/vnd.hhe.lesson-player",
-  "less": "text/less",
-  "lgr": "application/lgr+xml",
-  "lha": "application/octet-stream",
-  "lhs": "text/x-literate-haskell",
-  "lhx": "application/octet-stream",
-  "lin": "application/bbolin",
-  "link66": "application/vnd.route66.link66+xml",
-  "list": "text/plain",
-  "list3820": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
-  "listafp": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
-  "lmp": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "lnk": "application/x-ms-shortcut",
-  "log": "text/plain",
-  "lostsyncxml": "application/lostsync+xml",
-  "lostxml": "application/lost+xml",
-  "lrf": "application/octet-stream",
-  "lrm": "application/vnd.ms-lrm",
-  "lsf": "video/x-la-asf",
-  "lsp": "text/x-script.lisp",
-  "lst": "text/plain",
-  "lsx": "video/x-la-asf",
-  "ltf": "application/vnd.frogans.ltf",
-  "ltx": "application/x-latex",
-  "lua": "text/x-lua",
-  "luac": "application/x-lua-bytecode",
-  "lvp": "audio/vnd.lucent.voice",
+  "123": "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3",
+  "apr": "application/vnd.lotus-approach",
+  "pre": "application/vnd.lotus-freelance",
+  "nsf": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
+  "org": "application/vnd.lotus-organizer",
+  "scm": "application/vnd.lotus-screencam",
   "lwp": "application/vnd.lotus-wordpro",
-  "lxf": "application/lxf",
-  "lyx": "application/x-lyx",
-  "lzh": "application/octet-stream",
-  "lzx": "application/x-lzx",
-  "m": "application/vnd.wolfram.mathematica.package",
-  "m13": "application/x-msmediaview",
-  "m14": "application/x-msmediaview",
-  "m15": "audio/x-mod",
-  "m1v": "video/mpeg",
-  "m21": "application/mp21",
-  "m2a": "audio/mpeg",
-  "m2v": "video/mpeg",
-  "m3a": "audio/mpeg",
-  "m3g": "application/m3g",
-  "m3u": "audio/x-mpegurl",
-  "m3u8": "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl",
-  "m4a": "audio/x-m4a",
-  "m4s": "video/iso.segment",
-  "m4u": "video/vnd.mpegurl",
-  "m4v": "video/x-m4v",
-  "ma": "application/mathematica",
-  "mads": "application/mads+xml",
-  "mag": "application/vnd.ecowin.chart",
-  "mail": "message/rfc822",
-  "maker": "application/vnd.framemaker",
-  "man": "application/x-troff-man",
-  "manifest": "text/cache-manifest",
-  "map": "application/x-navimap",
-  "mar": "text/plain",
-  "markdown": "text/markdown",
-  "mathml": "application/mathml+xml",
-  "mb": "application/mathematica",
-  "mbd": "application/mbedlet",
-  "mbk": "application/vnd.mobius.mbk",
-  "mbox": "application/mbox",
-  "mc$": "application/x-magic-cap-package-1.0",
-  "mc1": "application/vnd.medcalcdata",
+  "portpkg": "application/vnd.macports.portpkg",
   "mcd": "application/vnd.mcd",
-  "mcf": "image/vasa",
-  "mcif": "chemical/x-mmcif",
-  "mcm": "chemical/x-macmolecule",
-  "mcp": "application/netmc",
-  "mcurl": "text/vnd.curl.mcurl",
-  "md": "text/markdown",
-  "mdb": "application/x-msaccess",
-  "mdc": "application/vnd.marlin.drm.mdcf",
-  "mdi": "image/vnd.ms-modi",
-  "me": "application/x-troff-me",
-  "med": "audio/x-mod",
-  "mesh": "model/mesh",
-  "meta4": "application/metalink4+xml",
-  "metalink": "application/metalink+xml",
-  "mets": "application/mets+xml",
-  "mf4": "application/mf4",
+  "mc1": "application/vnd.medcalcdata",
+  "cdkey": "application/vnd.mediastation.cdkey",
+  "mwf": "application/vnd.mfer",
   "mfm": "application/vnd.mfmp",
-  "mft": "application/rpki-manifest",
-  "mgp": "application/vnd.osgeo.mapguide.package",
-  "mgz": "application/vnd.proteus.magazine",
-  "mht": "message/rfc822",
-  "mhtml": "message/rfc822",
-  "mib": "text/mib",
-  "mid": "audio/midi",
-  "midi": "audio/midi",
-  "mie": "application/x-mie",
-  "mif": "application/x-mif",
-  "mime": "message/rfc822",
-  "miz": "text/mizar",
-  "mj2": "video/mj2",
-  "mjf": "audio/x-vnd.audioexplosion.mjuicemediafile",
-  "mjp2": "video/mj2",
-  "mjpg": "video/x-motion-jpeg",
-  "mjs": "application/javascript",
-  "mk": "text/makefile",
-  "mk3d": "video/x-matroska-3d",
-  "mka": "audio/x-matroska",
-  "mkd": "text/x-markdown",
-  "mks": "video/x-matroska",
-  "mkv": "video/x-matroska",
-  "mlp": "application/vnd.dolby.mlp",
-  "mm": "application/x-freemind",
-  "mmd": "application/vnd.chipnuts.karaoke-mmd",
-  "mmdb": "application/vnd.maxmind.maxmind-db",
-  "mme": "application/base64",
-  "mmf": "application/vnd.smaf",
-  "mml": "text/mathml",
-  "mmod": "chemical/x-macromodel-input",
-  "mmr": "image/vnd.fujixerox.edmics-mmr",
-  "mms": "application/vnd.wap.mms-message",
-  "mng": "video/x-mng",
-  "mny": "application/x-msmoney",
-  "mobi": "application/x-mobipocket-ebook",
-  "moc": "text/x-moc",
-  "mod": "audio/x-mod",
-  "model-inter": "application/vnd.vd-study",
-  "mods": "application/mods+xml",
-  "modulemap": "text/modulemap",
-  "mol": "chemical/x-mdl-molfile",
-  "mol2": "chemical/x-mol2",
-  "moml": "model/vnd.moml+xml",
-  "moo": "chemical/x-mopac-out",
-  "moov": "video/quicktime",
-  "mop": "chemical/x-mopac-input",
-  "mopcrt": "chemical/x-mopac-input",
-  "mov": "video/quicktime",
-  "movie": "video/x-sgi-movie",
-  "mp1": "audio/mpeg",
-  "mp2": "audio/mpeg",
-  "mp21": "application/mp21",
-  "mp2a": "audio/mpeg",
-  "mp3": "audio/mp3",
-  "mp4": "video/mp4",
-  "mp4a": "audio/mp4",
-  "mp4s": "application/mp4",
-  "mp4v": "video/mp4",
-  "mpa": "video/mpeg",
-  "mpc": "application/vnd.mophun.certificate",
-  "mpd": "application/dash+xml",
-  "mpdd": "application/dashdelta",
-  "mpe": "video/mpeg",
-  "mpeg": "video/mpeg",
-  "mpega": "audio/mpeg",
-  "mpf": "text/vnd.ms-mediapackage",
-  "mpg": "video/mpeg",
-  "mpg4": "video/mp4",
-  "mpga": "audio/mpeg",
-  "mpkg": "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml",
-  "mpm": "application/vnd.blueice.multipass",
+  "flo": "application/vnd.micrografx.flo",
+  "igx": "application/vnd.micrografx.igx",
+  "mif": "application/vnd.mif",
+  "daf": "application/vnd.mobius.daf",
+  "dis": "application/vnd.mobius.dis",
+  "mbk": "application/vnd.mobius.mbk",
+  "mqy": "application/vnd.mobius.mqy",
+  "msl": "application/vnd.mobius.msl",
+  "plc": "application/vnd.mobius.plc",
+  "txf": "application/vnd.mobius.txf",
   "mpn": "application/vnd.mophun.application",
+  "mpc": "application/vnd.mophun.certificate",
+  "xul": "application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml",
+  "cil": "application/vnd.ms-artgalry",
+  "cab": "application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed",
+  "xls": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "xlm": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "xla": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "xlc": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "xlt": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "xlw": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "xlam": "application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroenabled.12",
+  "xlsb": "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroenabled.12",
+  "xlsm": "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroenabled.12",
+  "xltm": "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroenabled.12",
+  "eot": "application/vnd.ms-fontobject",
+  "chm": "application/vnd.ms-htmlhelp",
+  "ims": "application/vnd.ms-ims",
+  "lrm": "application/vnd.ms-lrm",
+  "thmx": "application/vnd.ms-officetheme",
+  "cat": "application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat",
+  "stl": "application/vnd.ms-pki.stl",
+  "ppt": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
+  "pps": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
+  "pot": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
+  "ppam": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroenabled.12",
+  "pptm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroenabled.12",
+  "sldm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroenabled.12",
+  "ppsm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroenabled.12",
+  "potm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroenabled.12",
   "mpp": "application/vnd.ms-project",
   "mpt": "application/vnd.ms-project",
-  "mpv": "application/x-project",
-  "mpv2": "video/mpeg",
-  "mpx": "application/x-project",
-  "mpy": "application/vnd.ibm.minipay",
-  "mqy": "application/vnd.mobius.mqy",
-  "mrc": "application/marc",
-  "mrcx": "application/marcxml+xml",
-  "ms": "application/x-troff-ms",
-  "msa": "application/vnd.msa-disk-image",
-  "mscml": "application/mediaservercontrol+xml",
-  "msd": "application/vnd.fdsn.mseed",
-  "mseed": "application/vnd.fdsn.mseed",
+  "docm": "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroenabled.12",
+  "dotm": "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroenabled.12",
+  "wps": "application/vnd.ms-works",
+  "wks": "application/vnd.ms-works",
+  "wcm": "application/vnd.ms-works",
+  "wdb": "application/vnd.ms-works",
+  "wpl": "application/vnd.ms-wpl",
+  "xps": "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument",
   "mseq": "application/vnd.mseq",
-  "msf": "application/vnd.epson.msf",
-  "msg": "application/vnd.ms-outlook",
-  "msh": "model/mesh",
-  "msi": "application/x-msi",
-  "msl": "application/vnd.mobius.msl",
-  "msm": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "msty": "application/vnd.muvee.style",
-  "mtm": "audio/x-mod",
-  "mts": "model/vnd.mts",
-  "multitrack": "audio/vnd.presonus.multitrack",
   "mus": "application/vnd.musician",
-  "musd": "application/mmt-usd+xml",
-  "musicxml": "application/vnd.recordare.musicxml+xml",
-  "mv": "video/x-sgi-movie",
-  "mvb": "application/x-msmediaview",
-  "mvt": "application/vnd.mapbox-vector-tile",
-  "mwc": "application/vnd.dpgraph",
-  "mwf": "application/vnd.mfer",
-  "mxf": "application/mxf",
-  "mxi": "application/vnd.vd-study",
-  "mxl": "application/vnd.recordare.musicxml",
-  "mxmf": "audio/mobile-xmf",
-  "mxml": "application/xv+xml",
-  "mxs": "application/vnd.triscape.mxs",
-  "mxu": "video/vnd.mpegurl",
-  "my": "audio/make",
-  "mzz": "application/x-vnd.audioexplosion.mzz",
-  "n-gage": "application/vnd.nokia.n-gage.symbian.install",
-  "n3": "text/n3",
-  "nap": "image/naplps",
-  "naplps": "image/naplps",
-  "nb": "application/mathematica",
-  "nbp": "application/vnd.wolfram.player",
-  "nc": "application/x-netcdf",
-  "ncm": "application/vnd.nokia.configuration-message",
-  "ncx": "application/x-dtbncx+xml",
-  "ndc": "application/vnd.osa.netdeploy",
-  "ndjson": "application/json",
-  "ndl": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "nds": "application/vnd.nintendo.nitro.rom",
-  "nef": "image/x-nikon-nef",
-  "nfo": "text/x-nfo",
-  "ngdat": "application/vnd.nokia.n-gage.data",
-  "ngdoc": "text/ngdoc",
-  "nif": "image/x-niff",
-  "niff": "image/x-niff",
+  "msty": "application/vnd.muvee.style",
+  "taglet": "application/vnd.mynfc",
+  "nlu": "application/vnd.neurolanguage.nlu",
   "nim": "text/nim",
   "nimble": "text/nimble",
   "nimf": "text/nim",
   "nims": "text/nim",
+  "ntf": "application/vnd.nitf",
   "nitf": "application/vnd.nitf",
-  "nix": "application/x-mix-transfer",
-  "nlu": "application/vnd.neurolanguage.nlu",
-  "nml": "application/vnd.enliven",
   "nnd": "application/vnd.noblenet-directory",
   "nns": "application/vnd.noblenet-sealer",
   "nnw": "application/vnd.noblenet-web",
-  "notebook": "application/vnd.smart.notebook",
-  "npx": "image/vnd.net-fpx",
-  "nq": "application/n-quads",
-  "ns2": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "ns3": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "ns4": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "nsc": "application/x-conference",
-  "nsf": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "nsg": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "nsh": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "nt": "application/n-triples",
-  "ntf": "application/vnd.lotus-notes",
-  "numbers": "application/vnd.apple.numbers",
-  "nvd": "application/x-navidoc",
-  "nwc": "application/x-nwc",
-  "nws": "message/rfc822",
-  "nzb": "application/x-nzb",
-  "o": "application/x-object",
-  "o4a": "application/vnd.oma.drm.dcf",
-  "o4v": "application/vnd.oma.drm.dcf",
-  "oa2": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys2",
-  "oa3": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys3",
-  "oas": "application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys",
-  "obd": "application/x-msbinder",
-  "obg": "application/vnd.openblox.game-binary",
-  "obgx": "application/vnd.openblox.game+xml",
-  "obj": "application/x-tgif",
-  "oda": "application/oda",
-  "odb": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database",
+  "ngdat": "application/vnd.nokia.n-gage.data",
+  "n-gage": "application/vnd.nokia.n-gage.symbian.install",
+  "rpst": "application/vnd.nokia.radio-preset",
+  "rpss": "application/vnd.nokia.radio-presets",
+  "edm": "application/vnd.novadigm.edm",
+  "edx": "application/vnd.novadigm.edx",
+  "ext": "application/vnd.novadigm.ext",
   "odc": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart",
-  "odd": "application/tei+xml",
+  "otc": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template",
+  "odb": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database",
   "odf": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula",
   "odft": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template",
   "odg": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics",
-  "odi": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image",
-  "odm": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master",
-  "odp": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation",
-  "ods": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet",
-  "odt": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
-  "odx": "application/odx",
-  "oeb": "application/vnd.openeye.oeb",
-  "oga": "audio/ogg",
-  "ogex": "model/vnd.opengex",
-  "ogg": "audio/ogg",
-  "ogv": "video/ogg",
-  "ogx": "application/ogg",
-  "old": "application/x-trash",
-  "omc": "application/x-omc",
-  "omcd": "application/x-omcdatamaker",
-  "omcr": "application/x-omcregerator",
-  "omdoc": "application/omdoc+xml",
-  "omg": "audio/atrac3",
-  "onepkg": "application/onenote",
-  "onetmp": "application/onenote",
-  "onetoc": "application/onenote",
-  "onetoc2": "application/onenote",
-  "opf": "application/oebps-package+xml",
-  "opml": "text/x-opml",
-  "oprc": "application/vnd.palm",
-  "opus": "audio/ogg",
-  "or2": "application/vnd.lotus-organizer",
-  "or3": "application/vnd.lotus-organizer",
-  "orf": "image/x-olympus-orf",
-  "org": "text/x-org",
-  "orq": "application/ocsp-request",
-  "ors": "application/ocsp-response",
-  "osf": "application/vnd.yamaha.openscoreformat",
-  "osfpvg": "application/vnd.yamaha.openscoreformat.osfpvg+xml",
-  "osm": "application/vnd.openstreetmap.data+xml",
-  "otc": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template",
-  "otf": "font/otf",
   "otg": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template",
-  "oth": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web",
+  "odi": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image",
   "oti": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template",
+  "odp": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation",
   "otp": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template",
+  "ods": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet",
   "ots": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template",
+  "odt": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
+  "odm": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master",
   "ott": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template",
-  "ova": "application/x-virtualbox-ova",
-  "ovf": "application/x-virtualbox-ovf",
-  "owx": "application/owl+xml",
-  "oxlicg": "application/vnd.oxli.countgraph",
-  "oxps": "application/oxps",
+  "oth": "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web",
+  "xo": "application/vnd.olpc-sugar",
+  "dd2": "application/vnd.oma.dd2+xml",
   "oxt": "application/vnd.openofficeorg.extension",
-  "oza": "application/x-oz-application",
-  "p": "text/x-pascal",
-  "p10": "application/pkcs10",
-  "p12": "application/pkcs12",
-  "p2p": "application/vnd.wfa.p2p",
-  "p7a": "application/x-pkcs7-signature",
-  "p7b": "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",
-  "p7c": "application/pkcs7-mime",
-  "p7m": "application/pkcs7-mime",
-  "p7r": "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp",
-  "p7s": "application/pkcs7-signature",
-  "p8": "application/pkcs8",
-  "pac": "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",
-  "pack": "application/x-java-pack200",
-  "package": "application/vnd.autopackage",
-  "pages": "application/vnd.apple.pages",
-  "par": "text/plain-bas",
-  "part": "application/pro_eng",
-  "pas": "text/pascal",
-  "pat": "image/x-coreldrawpattern",
-  "patch": "text/x-diff",
-  "paw": "application/vnd.pawaafile",
-  "pbd": "application/vnd.powerbuilder6",
-  "pbm": "image/x-portable-bitmap",
-  "pcap": "application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap",
-  "pcf": "application/x-font-pcf",
-  "pcl": "application/vnd.hp-pcl",
-  "pclxl": "application/vnd.hp-pclxl",
-  "pct": "image/x-pict",
-  "pcurl": "application/vnd.curl.pcurl",
-  "pcx": "image/x-pcx",
-  "pdb": "application/vnd.palm",
-  "pde": "text/x-processing",
-  "pdf": "application/pdf",
-  "pdx": "application/pdx",
-  "pem": "text/pem",
-  "pfa": "application/x-font-type1",
-  "pfb": "application/x-font-type1",
-  "pfm": "application/x-font-type1",
-  "pfr": "application/font-tdpfr",
-  "pfunk": "audio/make",
-  "pfx": "application/pkcs12",
-  "pgb": "image/vnd.globalgraphics.pgb",
-  "pgm": "image/x-portable-graymap",
-  "pgn": "application/x-chess-pgn",
-  "pgp": "application/pgp-encrypted",
-  "php": "application/x-httpd-php",
-  "php3": "application/x-httpd-php3",
-  "php3p": "application/x-httpd-php3-preprocessed",
-  "php4": "application/x-httpd-php4",
-  "php5": "application/x-httpd-php5",
-  "phps": "application/x-httpd-php-source",
-  "pht": "application/x-httpd-php",
-  "phtml": "application/x-httpd-php",
-  "pic": "image/pict",
-  "pict": "image/pict",
-  "pil": "application/vnd.piaccess.application-license",
-  "pk": "application/x-tex-pk",
-  "pkd": "application/vnd.hbci",
-  "pkg": "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml",
-  "pki": "application/pkixcmp",
-  "pkipath": "application/pkix-pkipath",
-  "pko": "application/ynd.ms-pkipko",
-  "pkpass": "application/vnd.apple.pkpass",
-  "pl": "application/x-perl",
-  "plantuml": "text/plantuml",
-  "plb": "application/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-large",
-  "plc": "application/vnd.mobius.plc",
-  "plf": "application/vnd.pocketlearn",
-  "plj": "audio/vnd.everad.plj",
-  "plp": "application/vnd.panoply",
-  "pls": "application/pls+xml",
-  "plx": "application/x-pixclscript",
-  "ply": "model/stanford",
-  "pm": "text/plain",
-  "pm4": "application/x-pagemaker",
-  "pm5": "application/x-pagemaker",
-  "pma": "application/x-perfmon",
-  "pmc": "application/x-perfmon",
-  "pml": "application/vnd.ctc-posml",
-  "pmr": "application/x-perfmon",
-  "pmw": "application/x-perfmon",
-  "png": "image/png",
-  "pnm": "image/x-portable-anymap",
-  "po": "text/pofile",
-  "pod": "text/x-pod",
-  "portpkg": "application/vnd.macports.portpkg",
-  "pot": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
-  "potm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroenabled.12",
-  "potx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",
-  "pov": "model/x-pov",
-  "pp": "text/puppet",
-  "ppa": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
-  "ppam": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroenabled.12",
-  "ppd": "application/vnd.cups-ppd",
-  "ppkg": "application/vnd.xmpie.ppkg",
-  "ppm": "image/x-portable-pixmap",
-  "pps": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
-  "ppsm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroenabled.12",
-  "ppsx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",
-  "ppt": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
-  "pptm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroenabled.12",
   "pptx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
-  "ppz": "application/mspowerpoint",
+  "sldx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide",
+  "ppsx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",
+  "potx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",
+  "xlsx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
+  "xltx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",
+  "docx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
+  "dotx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",
+  "mgp": "application/vnd.osgeo.mapguide.package",
+  "dp": "application/vnd.osgi.dp",
+  "esa": "application/vnd.osgi.subsystem",
+  "pdb": "application/vnd.palm",
   "pqa": "application/vnd.palm",
-  "prc": "application/vnd.palm",
-  "pre": "application/vnd.lotus-freelance",
-  "preminet": "application/vnd.preminet",
-  "prf": "application/pics-rules",
-  "proto": "text/proto",
-  "provn": "text/provenance-notation",
-  "provx": "application/provenance+xml",
-  "prt": "application/pro_eng",
-  "prz": "application/vnd.lotus-freelance",
-  "ps": "application/postscript",
-  "psb": "application/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-small",
-  "psd": "image/vnd.adobe.photoshop",
-  "pseg3820": "application/vnd.ibm.modcap",
-  "psf": "application/x-font-linux-psf",
-  "psid": "audio/prs.sid",
-  "pskcxml": "application/pskc+xml",
-  "pti": "image/prs.pti",
-  "ptid": "application/vnd.pvi.ptid1",
-  "pub": "application/x-mspublisher",
-  "purs": "text/purescript",
-  "pvb": "application/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-var",
-  "pvu": "paleovu/x-pv",
-  "pwn": "application/vnd.3m.post-it-notes",
-  "pwz": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
-  "pxd": "text/cython",
-  "pxi": "text/cython",
-  "py": "text/x-script.phyton",
-  "pya": "audio/vnd.ms-playready.media.pya",
-  "pyc": "application/x-python-code",
-  "pyi": "text/pyi",
-  "pyo": "application/x-python-code",
-  "pyv": "video/vnd.ms-playready.media.pyv",
-  "pyx": "text/cython",
-  "qam": "application/vnd.epson.quickanime",
-  "qbo": "application/vnd.intu.qbo",
-  "qca": "application/vnd.ericsson.quickcall",
-  "qcall": "application/vnd.ericsson.quickcall",
-  "qcp": "audio/qcelp",
-  "qd3": "x-world/x-3dmf",
-  "qd3d": "x-world/x-3dmf",
-  "qfx": "application/vnd.intu.qfx",
-  "qgs": "application/x-qgis",
-  "qif": "image/x-quicktime",
+  "oprc": "application/vnd.palm",
+  "paw": "application/vnd.pawaafile",
+  "str": "application/vnd.pg.format",
+  "ei6": "application/vnd.pg.osasli",
+  "efif": "application/vnd.picsel",
+  "wg": "application/vnd.pmi.widget",
+  "plf": "application/vnd.pocketlearn",
+  "pbd": "application/vnd.powerbuilder6",
+  "box": "application/vnd.previewsystems.box",
+  "mgz": "application/vnd.proteus.magazine",
   "qps": "application/vnd.publishare-delta-tree",
-  "qt": "video/quicktime",
-  "qtc": "video/x-qtc",
-  "qti": "image/x-quicktime",
-  "qtif": "image/x-quicktime",
-  "qtl": "application/x-quicktimeplayer",
-  "quiz": "application/vnd.quobject-quoxdocument",
-  "quox": "application/vnd.quobject-quoxdocument",
-  "qvd": "application/vnd.theqvd",
+  "ptid": "application/vnd.pvi.ptid1",
+  "qxd": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
+  "qxt": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
   "qwd": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
   "qwt": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
-  "qxb": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
-  "qxd": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
   "qxl": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
-  "qxt": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
-  "r": "text/r",
-  "ra": "audio/x-realaudio",
-  "ram": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
-  "raml": "application/raml+yaml",
-  "rapd": "application/route-apd+xml",
-  "rar": "application/x-rar-compressed",
-  "ras": "image/x-cmu-raster",
-  "rast": "image/cmu-raster",
-  "rb": "application/x-ruby",
-  "rcprofile": "application/vnd.ipunplugged.rcprofile",
-  "rct": "application/prs.nprend",
-  "rd": "chemical/x-mdl-rdfile",
-  "rda": "text/r",
-  "rdata": "text/r",
-  "rds": "text/r",
-  "rdf": "application/rdf+xml",
-  "rdf-crypt": "application/prs.rdf-xml-crypt",
-  "rdz": "application/vnd.data-vision.rdz",
-  "relo": "application/p2p-overlay+xml",
-  "rep": "application/vnd.businessobjects",
-  "request": "application/vnd.nervana",
-  "res": "application/x-dtbresource+xml",
-  "rexx": "text/x-script.rexx",
-  "rf": "image/vnd.rn-realflash",
-  "rfcxml": "application/rfc+xml",
-  "rgb": "image/x-rgb",
-  "rgbe": "image/vnd.radiance",
-  "rhtml": "application/x-httpd-eruby",
-  "rif": "application/reginfo+xml",
-  "rip": "audio/vnd.rip",
-  "ris": "application/x-research-info-systems",
-  "rl": "application/resource-lists+xml",
-  "rlc": "image/vnd.fujixerox.edmics-rlc",
-  "rld": "application/resource-lists-diff+xml",
-  "rlib": "text/rust",
+  "qxb": "application/vnd.quark.quarkxpress",
+  "bed": "application/vnd.realvnc.bed",
+  "mxl": "application/vnd.recordare.musicxml",
+  "musicxml": "application/vnd.recordare.musicxml+xml",
+  "cryptonote": "application/vnd.rig.cryptonote",
+  "cod": "application/vnd.rim.cod",
   "rm": "application/vnd.rn-realmedia",
-  "rmi": "audio/mid",
-  "rmm": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
-  "rmp": "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin",
-  "rms": "application/vnd.jcp.javame.midlet-rms",
   "rmvb": "application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr",
-  "rnc": "application/relax-ng-compact-syntax",
-  "rnd": "application/prs.nprend",
-  "rng": "text/xml",
-  "rnx": "application/vnd.rn-realplayer",
-  "roa": "application/rpki-roa",
-  "roff": "text/troff",
-  "ros": "chemical/x-rosdal",
-  "rp": "image/vnd.rn-realpix",
-  "rp9": "application/vnd.cloanto.rp9",
-  "rpm": "application/x-redhat-package-manager",
-  "rpss": "application/vnd.nokia.radio-presets",
-  "rpst": "application/vnd.nokia.radio-preset",
-  "rq": "application/sparql-query",
-  "rs": "application/rls-services+xml",
-  "rsd": "application/rsd+xml",
-  "rsheet": "application/urc-ressheet+xml",
-  "rsm": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "rss": "application/rss+xml",
-  "rst": "text/prs.fallenstein.rst",
-  "rt": "text/richtext",
-  "rtf": "text/rtf",
-  "rtx": "text/richtext",
-  "run": "application/x-makeself",
-  "rusd": "application/route-usd+xml",
-  "rv": "video/vnd.rn-realvideo",
-  "rxn": "chemical/x-mdl-rxnfile",
-  "s": "text/x-asm",
-  "s11": "video/vnd.sealed.mpeg1",
-  "s14": "video/vnd.sealed.mpeg4",
-  "s1a": "application/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.pdf",
-  "s1e": "application/vnd.sealed.xls",
-  "s1g": "image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.gif",
-  "s1h": "application/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.html",
-  "s1j": "image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.jpg",
-  "s1m": "audio/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.mpeg",
-  "s1n": "image/vnd.sealed.png",
-  "s1p": "application/vnd.sealed.ppt",
-  "s1q": "video/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.mov",
-  "s1w": "application/vnd.sealed.doc",
-  "s3df": "application/vnd.sealed.3df",
-  "s3m": "audio/s3m",
-  "sac": "application/tamp-sequence-adjust-confirm",
-  "saf": "application/vnd.yamaha.smaf-audio",
-  "sam": "application/vnd.lotus-wordpro",
-  "sandboxed": "text/html-sandboxed",
-  "sass": "text/x-sass",
-  "saveme": "application/octet-stream",
-  "sbk": "application/x-tbook",
-  "sbml": "application/sbml+xml",
-  "sc": "application/vnd.ibm.secure-container",
-  "scala": "text/x-scala",
-  "scd": "application/x-msschedule",
-  "sce": "application/vnd.etsi.asic-e+zip",
-  "scim": "application/scim+json",
-  "scld": "application/vnd.doremir.scorecloud-binary-document",
-  "scm": "application/vnd.lotus-screencam",
-  "scq": "application/scvp-cv-request",
-  "scr": "application/x-silverlight",
-  "scs": "application/scvp-cv-response",
-  "scsf": "application/vnd.sealed.csf",
-  "scss": "text/x-scss",
-  "sct": "text/scriptlet",
-  "scurl": "text/vnd.curl.scurl",
-  "sd": "chemical/x-mdl-sdfile",
-  "sd2": "audio/x-sd2",
-  "sda": "application/vnd.stardivision.draw",
-  "sdc": "application/vnd.stardivision.calc",
-  "sdd": "application/vnd.stardivision.impress",
-  "sdf": "application/vnd.kinar",
-  "sdkd": "application/vnd.solent.sdkm+xml",
-  "sdkm": "application/vnd.solent.sdkm+xml",
-  "sdml": "text/plain",
-  "sdo": "application/vnd.sealed.doc",
-  "sdoc": "application/vnd.sealed.doc",
-  "sdp": "application/sdp",
-  "sdr": "application/sounder",
-  "sdw": "application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
-  "sea": "application/x-sea",
+  "link66": "application/vnd.route66.link66+xml",
+  "st": "application/vnd.sailingtracker.track",
   "see": "application/vnd.seemail",
-  "seed": "application/vnd.fdsn.seed",
-  "sem": "application/vnd.sealed.eml",
   "sema": "application/vnd.sema",
   "semd": "application/vnd.semd",
   "semf": "application/vnd.semf",
-  "seml": "application/vnd.sealed.eml",
-  "ser": "application/java-serialized-object",
-  "set": "application/set",
-  "setpay": "application/set-payment-initiation",
-  "setreg": "application/set-registration-initiation",
-  "sfc": "application/vnd.nintendo.snes.rom",
-  "sfd": "application/vnd.font-fontforge-sfd",
-  "sfd-hdstx": "application/vnd.hydrostatix.sof-data",
+  "ifm": "application/vnd.shana.informed.formdata",
+  "itp": "application/vnd.shana.informed.formtemplate",
+  "iif": "application/vnd.shana.informed.interchange",
+  "ipk": "application/vnd.shana.informed.package",
+  "twd": "application/vnd.simtech-mindmapper",
+  "twds": "application/vnd.simtech-mindmapper",
+  "mmf": "application/vnd.smaf",
+  "teacher": "application/vnd.smart.teacher",
+  "sdkm": "application/vnd.solent.sdkm+xml",
+  "sdkd": "application/vnd.solent.sdkm+xml",
+  "dxp": "application/vnd.spotfire.dxp",
   "sfs": "application/vnd.spotfire.sfs",
-  "sfv": "text/x-sfv",
-  "sgf": "application/x-go-sgf",
-  "sgi": "image/sgi",
-  "sgif": "image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.gif",
-  "sgl": "application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global",
-  "sgm": "text/sgml",
-  "sgml": "text/sgml",
-  "sh": "application/x-sh",
-  "shar": "application/x-shar",
-  "shex": "text/shex",
-  "shf": "application/shf+xml",
-  "shp": "application/x-qgis",
-  "shx": "application/x-qgis",
-  "si": "text/vnd.wap.si",
-  "sic": "application/vnd.wap.sic",
-  "sid": "image/x-mrsid-image",
-  "sieve": "application/sieve",
-  "sig": "application/pgp-signature",
-  "sik": "application/x-trash",
-  "sil": "audio/silk",
-  "silo": "model/mesh",
-  "sis": "application/vnd.symbian.install",
-  "sisx": "x-epoc/x-sisx-app",
-  "sit": "application/x-stuffit",
-  "sitx": "application/x-stuffitx",
-  "siv": "application/sieve",
-  "sjp": "image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.jpg",
-  "sjpg": "image/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.jpg",
-  "skd": "application/vnd.koan",
-  "skm": "application/vnd.koan",
-  "skp": "application/vnd.koan",
-  "skt": "application/vnd.koan",
-  "sl": "text/vnd.wap.sl",
-  "sla": "application/vnd.scribus",
-  "slaz": "application/vnd.scribus",
-  "slc": "application/vnd.wap.slc",
-  "sldm": "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroenabled.12",
-  "sldx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide",
-  "sls": "application/route-s-tsid+xml",
-  "slt": "application/vnd.epson.salt",
-  "sm": "application/vnd.stepmania.stepchart",
-  "smc": "application/vnd.nintendo.snes.rom",
+  "sdc": "application/vnd.stardivision.calc",
+  "sda": "application/vnd.stardivision.draw",
+  "sdd": "application/vnd.stardivision.impress",
   "smf": "application/vnd.stardivision.math",
-  "smh": "application/vnd.sealed.mht",
-  "smht": "application/vnd.sealed.mht",
-  "smi": "application/smil+xml",
-  "smil": "application/smil+xml",
-  "smk": "video/vnd.radgamettools.smacker",
-  "sml": "application/smil+xml",
-  "smo": "video/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.mov",
-  "smov": "video/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.mov",
-  "smp": "audio/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.mpeg",
-  "smp3": "audio/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.mpeg",
-  "smpg": "video/vnd.sealed.mpeg1",
-  "sms": "application/vnd.3gpp2.sms",
-  "smv": "video/x-smv",
+  "sdw": "application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
+  "vor": "application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
+  "sgl": "application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global",
   "smzip": "application/vnd.stepmania.package",
-  "snd": "audio/basic",
-  "snf": "application/x-font-snf",
-  "so": "application/octet-stream",
-  "soa": "text/dns",
-  "soc": "application/sgml-open-catalog",
-  "sol": "application/solids",
-  "spc": "text/x-speech",
-  "spd": "application/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.pdf",
-  "spdf": "application/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.pdf",
-  "spec": "text/spec",
-  "spf": "application/vnd.yamaha.smaf-phrase",
-  "spl": "application/x-futuresplash",
-  "spn": "image/vnd.sealed.png",
-  "spng": "image/vnd.sealed.png",
-  "spo": "text/vnd.in3d.spot",
-  "spot": "text/vnd.in3d.spot",
-  "spp": "application/scvp-vp-response",
-  "sppt": "application/vnd.sealed.ppt",
-  "spq": "application/scvp-vp-request",
-  "spr": "application/x-sprite",
-  "sprite": "application/x-sprite",
-  "spx": "audio/ogg",
-  "sql": "application/x-sql",
-  "sr": "application/vnd.sigrok.session",
-  "src": "application/x-wais-source",
-  "srt": "application/x-subrip",
-  "sru": "application/sru+xml",
-  "srx": "application/sparql-results+xml",
-  "ssdl": "application/ssdl+xml",
-  "sse": "application/vnd.kodak-descriptor",
-  "ssf": "application/vnd.epson.ssf",
-  "ssi": "text/x-server-parsed-html",
-  "ssm": "application/streamingmedia",
-  "ssml": "application/ssml+xml",
-  "sst": "application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore",
-  "ssw": "video/vnd.sealed.swf",
-  "sswf": "video/vnd.sealed.swf",
-  "st": "application/vnd.sailingtracker.track",
+  "sm": "application/vnd.stepmania.stepchart",
+  "sxc": "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc",
   "stc": "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template",
+  "sxd": "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw",
   "std": "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw.template",
-  "step": "application/step",
-  "stf": "application/vnd.wt.stf",
+  "sxi": "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress",
   "sti": "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress.template",
-  "stif": "application/vnd.sealed.tiff",
-  "stk": "application/hyperstudio",
-  "stl": "application/vnd.ms-pki.stl",
-  "stm": "audio/x-stm",
-  "stml": "application/vnd.sealedmedia.softseal.html",
-  "stp": "application/step",
-  "str": "application/vnd.pg.format",
-  "study-inter": "application/vnd.vd-study",
+  "sxm": "application/vnd.sun.xml.math",
+  "sxw": "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer",
+  "sxg": "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global",
   "stw": "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template",
-  "sty": "text/x-tex",
-  "styl": "text/stylus",
-  "sub": "text/vnd.dvb.subtitle",
   "sus": "application/vnd.sus-calendar",
   "susp": "application/vnd.sus-calendar",
-  "sv4cpio": "application/x-sv4cpio",
-  "sv4crc": "application/x-sv4crc",
-  "svc": "application/vnd.dvb.service",
   "svd": "application/vnd.svd",
-  "svf": "image/x-dwg",
-  "svg": "image/svg+xml",
-  "svgz": "image/svg+xml",
-  "sw": "chemical/x-swissprot",
-  "swa": "application/x-director",
-  "swf": "application/x-shockwave-flash",
-  "swfl": "application/x-shockwave-flash",
-  "swi": "application/vnd.aristanetworks.swi",
-  "swift": "text/swift",
-  "swiftdeps": "text/swiftdeps",
-  "sxc": "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc",
-  "sxd": "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw",
-  "sxg": "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global",
-  "sxi": "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress",
-  "sxl": "application/vnd.sealed.xls",
-  "sxls": "application/vnd.sealed.xls",
-  "sxm": "application/vnd.sun.xml.math",
-  "sxw": "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer",
-  "t": "text/troff",
-  "t3": "application/x-t3vm-image",
-  "t38": "image/t38",
-  "tac": "text/twisted",
-  "tag": "text/prs.lines.tag",
-  "taglet": "application/vnd.mynfc",
-  "talk": "text/x-speech",
-  "tam": "application/vnd.onepager",
-  "tamp": "application/vnd.onepagertamp",
-  "tamx": "application/vnd.onepagertamx",
+  "sis": "application/vnd.symbian.install",
+  "sisx": "application/vnd.symbian.install",
+  "xsm": "application/vnd.syncml+xml",
+  "bdm": "application/vnd.syncml.dm+wbxml",
+  "xdm": "application/vnd.syncml.dm+xml",
   "tao": "application/vnd.tao.intent-module-archive",
-  "tap": "image/vnd.tencent.tap",
-  "tar": "application/x-tar",
-  "tat": "application/vnd.onepagertat",
-  "tatp": "application/vnd.onepagertatp",
-  "tatx": "application/vnd.onepagertatx",
-  "tau": "application/tamp-apex-update",
-  "taz": "application/x-gtar",
-  "tbk": "application/toolbook",
-  "tcap": "application/vnd.3gpp2.tcap",
-  "tcl": "application/x-tcl",
-  "tcsh": "text/x-script.tcsh",
-  "tcu": "application/tamp-community-update",
-  "td": "application/urc-targetdesc+xml",
-  "teacher": "application/vnd.smart.teacher",
-  "tei": "application/tei+xml",
-  "teicorpus": "application/tei+xml",
-  "ter": "application/tamp-error",
-  "tex": "application/x-tex",
-  "texi": "application/x-texinfo",
-  "texinfo": "application/x-texinfo",
-  "text": "text/plain",
-  "tf": "text/terraform",
-  "tfi": "application/thraud+xml",
-  "tfm": "application/x-tex-tfm",
-  "tfx": "image/tiff-fx",
-  "tga": "image/x-tga",
-  "tgf": "chemical/x-mdl-tgf",
-  "tgz": "application/gzip",
-  "thmx": "application/vnd.ms-officetheme",
-  "thrift": "text/thrift",
-  "tif": "image/tiff",
-  "tiff": "image/tiff",
-  "tk": "text/x-tcl",
-  "tlclient": "application/vnd.cendio.thinlinc.clientconf",
-  "tm": "text/texmacs",
+  "pcap": "application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap",
+  "cap": "application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap",
+  "dmp": "application/vnd.tcpdump.pcap",
   "tmo": "application/vnd.tmobile-livetv",
-  "tnef": "application/vnd.ms-tnef",
-  "tnf": "application/vnd.ms-tnef",
-  "toml": "text/toml",
-  "torrent": "application/x-bittorrent",
-  "tpl": "application/vnd.groove-tool-template",
   "tpt": "application/vnd.trid.tpt",
-  "tr": "text/troff",
+  "mxs": "application/vnd.triscape.mxs",
   "tra": "application/vnd.trueapp",
-  "tree": "application/vnd.rainstor.data",
-  "trig": "application/trig",
-  "trm": "application/x-msterminal",
-  "ts": "video/mp2t",
-  "tsa": "application/tamp-sequence-adjust",
-  "tscn": "text/godot",
-  "tsd": "application/timestamped-data",
-  "tsi": "audio/tsp-audio",
-  "tsp": "audio/tsplayer",
-  "tsq": "application/timestamp-query",
-  "tsr": "application/timestamp-reply",
-  "tst": "application/vnd.etsi.timestamp-token",
-  "tsv": "text/tab-separated-values",
-  "tsx": "text/tsx",
-  "ttc": "font/collection",
-  "ttf": "font/ttf",
-  "ttl": "text/turtle",
-  "ttml": "application/ttml+xml",
-  "tuc": "application/tamp-update-confirm",
-  "tur": "application/tamp-update",
-  "turbot": "image/florian",
-  "twd": "application/vnd.simtech-mindmapper",
-  "twds": "application/vnd.simtech-mindmapper",
-  "txd": "application/vnd.genomatix.tuxedo",
-  "txf": "application/vnd.mobius.txf",
-  "txt": "text/plain",
-  "u32": "application/x-authorware-bin",
-  "u8dsn": "message/global-delivery-status",
-  "u8hdr": "message/global-headers",
-  "u8mdn": "message/global-disposition-notification",
-  "u8msg": "message/global",
-  "udeb": "application/vnd.debian.binary-package",
   "ufd": "application/vnd.ufdl",
   "ufdl": "application/vnd.ufdl",
-  "uil": "text/x-uil",
-  "uis": "application/urc-uisocketdesc+xml",
-  "uls": "text/iuls",
-  "ult": "audio/x-mod",
-  "ulx": "application/x-glulx",
+  "utz": "application/vnd.uiq.theme",
   "umj": "application/vnd.umajin",
-  "uni": "audio/x-mod",
-  "unis": "text/uri-list",
   "unityweb": "application/vnd.unity",
-  "unv": "application/i-deas",
-  "uo": "application/vnd.uoml+xml",
   "uoml": "application/vnd.uoml+xml",
-  "upa": "application/vnd.hbci",
-  "uri": "text/uri-list",
-  "uric": "text/vnd.si.uricatalogue",
-  "urim": "application/vnd.uri-map",
-  "urimap": "application/vnd.uri-map",
-  "uris": "text/uri-list",
-  "urls": "text/uri-list",
-  "ustar": "application/x-ustar",
-  "utz": "application/vnd.uiq.theme",
-  "uu": "text/x-uuencode",
-  "uue": "text/x-uuencode",
-  "uva": "audio/vnd.dece.audio",
-  "uvd": "application/vnd.dece.data",
-  "uvf": "application/vnd.dece.data",
-  "uvg": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
-  "uvh": "video/vnd.dece.hd",
-  "uvi": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
-  "uvm": "video/vnd.dece.mobile",
-  "uvp": "video/vnd.dece.pd",
-  "uvs": "video/vnd.dece.sd",
-  "uvt": "application/vnd.dece.ttml+xml",
-  "uvu": "video/vnd.dece.mp4",
-  "uvv": "video/vnd.dece.video",
-  "uvva": "audio/vnd.dece.audio",
-  "uvvd": "application/vnd.dece.data",
-  "uvvf": "application/vnd.dece.data",
-  "uvvg": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
-  "uvvh": "video/vnd.dece.hd",
-  "uvvi": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
-  "uvvm": "video/vnd.dece.mobile",
-  "uvvp": "video/vnd.dece.pd",
-  "uvvs": "video/vnd.dece.sd",
-  "uvvt": "application/vnd.dece.ttml+xml",
-  "uvvu": "video/vnd.dece.mp4",
-  "uvvv": "video/vnd.dece.video",
-  "uvvx": "application/vnd.dece.unspecified",
-  "uvvz": "application/vnd.dece.zip",
-  "uvx": "application/vnd.dece.unspecified",
-  "uvz": "application/vnd.dece.zip",
-  "val": "chemical/x-ncbi-asn1-binary",
-  "vbk": "audio/vnd.nortel.vbk",
-  "vbox": "application/x-virtualbox-vbox",
-  "vbox-extpack": "application/x-virtualbox-vbox-extpack",
-  "vcard": "text/vcard",
-  "vcd": "application/x-cdlink",
-  "vcf": "text/x-vcard",
-  "vcg": "application/vnd.groove-vcard",
-  "vcs": "text/x-vcalendar",
   "vcx": "application/vnd.vcx",
-  "vda": "application/vda",
-  "vdi": "application/x-virtualbox-vdi",
-  "vdo": "video/vdo",
-  "vdx": "text/vdx",
-  "vew": "application/vnd.lotus-approach",
-  "vfr": "application/vnd.tml",
-  "vhd": "application/x-virtualbox-vhd",
-  "viaframe": "application/vnd.tml",
-  "vim": "text/vim",
-  "vis": "application/vnd.visionary",
-  "viv": "video/vnd.vivo",
-  "vivo": "video/vivo",
-  "vmd": "application/vocaltec-media-desc",
-  "vmdk": "application/x-virtualbox-vmdk",
-  "vmf": "application/vocaltec-media-file",
-  "vms": "chemical/x-vamas-iso14976",
-  "vmt": "application/vnd.valve.source.material",
-  "vob": "video/x-ms-vob",
-  "voc": "audio/voc",
-  "vor": "application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
-  "vos": "video/vosaic",
-  "vox": "audio/voxware",
-  "vpm": "multipart/voice-message",
-  "vqe": "audio/x-twinvq-plugin",
-  "vqf": "audio/x-twinvq",
-  "vql": "audio/x-twinvq-plugin",
-  "vrm": "x-world/x-vrml",
-  "vrml": "model/vrml",
-  "vrt": "x-world/x-vrt",
-  "vsc": "application/vnd.vidsoft.vidconference",
   "vsd": "application/vnd.visio",
-  "vsf": "application/vnd.vsf",
-  "vss": "application/vnd.visio",
   "vst": "application/vnd.visio",
+  "vss": "application/vnd.visio",
   "vsw": "application/vnd.visio",
-  "vtf": "image/vnd.valve.source.texture",
-  "vtt": "text/vtt",
-  "vtu": "model/vnd.vtu",
-  "vue": "text/vue",
-  "vwx": "application/vnd.vectorworks",
-  "vxml": "application/voicexml+xml",
-  "w3d": "application/x-director",
-  "w60": "application/wordperfect6.0",
-  "w61": "application/wordperfect6.1",
-  "w6w": "application/msword",
-  "wad": "application/x-doom",
-  "wadl": "application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml",
-  "war": "binary/zip",
-  "wasm": "application/wasm",
-  "wav": "audio/wave",
-  "wax": "audio/x-ms-wax",
-  "wb1": "application/x-qpro",
-  "wbmp": "image/vnd.wap.wbmp",
-  "wbs": "application/vnd.criticaltools.wbs+xml",
+  "vis": "application/vnd.visionary",
+  "vsf": "application/vnd.vsf",
   "wbxml": "application/vnd.wap.wbxml",
-  "wcm": "application/vnd.ms-works",
-  "wdb": "application/vnd.ms-works",
-  "wdp": "image/vnd.ms-photo",
-  "web": "application/vnd.xara",
-  "weba": "audio/webm",
-  "webapp": "application/x-web-app-manifest+json",
-  "webm": "video/webm",
-  "webmanifest": "application/manifest+json",
-  "webp": "image/webp",
-  "wg": "application/vnd.pmi.widget",
-  "wgt": "application/widget",
-  "whl": "binary/wheel",
-  "wif": "application/watcherinfo+xml",
-  "win": "model/vnd.gdl",
-  "wiz": "application/msword",
-  "wk": "application/x-123",
-  "wk1": "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3",
-  "wk3": "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3",
-  "wk4": "application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3",
-  "wks": "application/vnd.ms-works",
-  "wkt": "text/wkt",
-  "wlnk": "application/link-format",
-  "wm": "video/x-ms-wm",
-  "wma": "audio/x-ms-wma",
-  "wmc": "application/vnd.wmc",
-  "wmd": "application/x-ms-wmd",
-  "wmf": "image/wmf",
-  "wml": "text/vnd.wap.wml",
   "wmlc": "application/vnd.wap.wmlc",
-  "wmls": "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript",
   "wmlsc": "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc",
-  "wmv": "video/x-ms-wmv",
-  "wmx": "video/x-ms-wmx",
-  "wmz": "application/x-ms-wmz",
-  "woff": "font/woff",
-  "woff2": "font/woff2",
-  "word": "application/msword",
-  "wp": "application/wordperfect",
-  "wp5": "application/wordperfect",
-  "wp6": "application/wordperfect",
+  "wtb": "application/vnd.webturbo",
+  "nbp": "application/vnd.wolfram.player",
   "wpd": "application/vnd.wordperfect",
-  "wpl": "application/vnd.ms-wpl",
-  "wps": "application/vnd.ms-works",
-  "wq1": "application/x-lotus",
   "wqd": "application/vnd.wqd",
-  "wri": "application/x-mswrite",
-  "wrl": "model/vrml",
-  "wrz": "model/vrml",
-  "wsc": "message/vnd.wfa.wsc",
+  "stf": "application/vnd.wt.stf",
+  "xar": "application/vnd.xara",
+  "xfdl": "application/vnd.xfdl",
+  "hvd": "application/vnd.yamaha.hv-dic",
+  "hvs": "application/vnd.yamaha.hv-script",
+  "hvp": "application/vnd.yamaha.hv-voice",
+  "osf": "application/vnd.yamaha.openscoreformat",
+  "osfpvg": "application/vnd.yamaha.openscoreformat.osfpvg+xml",
+  "saf": "application/vnd.yamaha.smaf-audio",
+  "spf": "application/vnd.yamaha.smaf-phrase",
+  "cmp": "application/vnd.yellowriver-custom-menu",
+  "zir": "application/vnd.zul",
+  "zirz": "application/vnd.zul",
+  "zaz": "application/vnd.zzazz.deck+xml",
+  "vxml": "application/voicexml+xml",
+  "wasm": "application/wasm",
+  "wgt": "application/widget",
+  "hlp": "application/winhlp",
   "wsdl": "application/wsdl+xml",
-  "wsgi": "text/wsgi",
   "wspolicy": "application/wspolicy+xml",
-  "wsrc": "application/x-wais-source",
-  "wtb": "application/vnd.webturbo",
-  "wtk": "application/x-wintalk",
-  "wv": "application/vnd.wv.csp+wbxml",
-  "wvx": "video/x-ms-wvx",
-  "wz": "application/x-wingz",
-  "x-png": "image/png",
+  "7z": "application/x-7z-compressed",
+  "abw": "application/x-abiword",
+  "ace": "application/x-ace-compressed",
+  "dmg": "application/x-apple-diskimage",
+  "aab": "application/x-authorware-bin",
   "x32": "application/x-authorware-bin",
-  "x3d": "application/vnd.hzn-3d-crossword",
-  "x3db": "model/x3d+xml",
-  "x3dbz": "model/x3d+binary",
-  "x3dv": "model/x3d-vrml",
-  "x3dvz": "model/x3d-vrml",
-  "x3dz": "model/x3d+xml",
-  "x_b": "model/vnd.parasolid.transmit.binary",
-  "x_t": "model/vnd.parasolid.transmit.text",
-  "xaf": "x-world/x-vrml",
-  "xaml": "application/xaml+xml",
-  "xap": "application/x-silverlight-app",
-  "xar": "application/vnd.xara",
-  "xav": "application/xcap-att+xml",
+  "u32": "application/x-authorware-bin",
+  "vox": "application/x-authorware-bin",
+  "aam": "application/x-authorware-map",
+  "aas": "application/x-authorware-seg",
+  "bcpio": "application/x-bcpio",
+  "torrent": "application/x-bittorrent",
+  "blb": "application/x-blorb",
+  "blorb": "application/x-blorb",
+  "bz": "application/x-bzip",
+  "bz2": "application/x-bzip2",
+  "boz": "application/x-bzip2",
+  "cbr": "application/x-cbr",
+  "cba": "application/x-cbr",
+  "cbt": "application/x-cbr",
+  "cbz": "application/x-cbr",
+  "cb7": "application/x-cbr",
+  "vcd": "application/x-cdlink",
+  "cfs": "application/x-cfs-compressed",
+  "chat": "application/x-chat",
+  "pgn": "application/x-chess-pgn",
+  "nsc": "application/x-conference",
+  "cpio": "application/x-cpio",
+  "csh": "application/x-csh",
+  "deb": "application/x-debian-package",
+  "udeb": "application/x-debian-package",
+  "dgc": "application/x-dgc-compressed",
+  "dir": "application/x-director",
+  "dcr": "application/x-director",
+  "dxr": "application/x-director",
+  "cst": "application/x-director",
+  "cct": "application/x-director",
+  "cxt": "application/x-director",
+  "w3d": "application/x-director",
+  "fgd": "application/x-director",
+  "swa": "application/x-director",
+  "wad": "application/x-doom",
+  "ncx": "application/x-dtbncx+xml",
+  "dtb": "application/x-dtbook+xml",
+  "res": "application/x-dtbresource+xml",
+  "dvi": "application/x-dvi",
+  "evy": "application/x-envoy",
+  "eva": "application/x-eva",
+  "bdf": "application/x-font-bdf",
+  "gsf": "application/x-font-ghostscript",
+  "psf": "application/x-font-linux-psf",
+  "pcf": "application/x-font-pcf",
+  "snf": "application/x-font-snf",
+  "pfa": "application/x-font-type1",
+  "pfb": "application/x-font-type1",
+  "pfm": "application/x-font-type1",
+  "afm": "application/x-font-type1",
+  "arc": "application/x-freearc",
+  "spl": "application/x-futuresplash",
+  "gca": "application/x-gca-compressed",
+  "ulx": "application/x-glulx",
+  "gnumeric": "application/x-gnumeric",
+  "gramps": "application/x-gramps-xml",
+  "gtar": "application/x-gtar",
+  "hdf": "application/x-hdf",
+  "install": "application/x-install-instructions",
+  "iso": "application/x-iso9660-image",
+  "jnlp": "application/x-java-jnlp-file",
+  "latex": "application/x-latex",
+  "lzh": "application/x-lzh-compressed",
+  "lha": "application/x-lzh-compressed",
+  "mie": "application/x-mie",
+  "prc": "application/x-mobipocket-ebook",
+  "mobi": "application/x-mobipocket-ebook",
+  "application": "application/x-ms-application",
+  "lnk": "application/x-ms-shortcut",
+  "wmd": "application/x-ms-wmd",
+  "wmz": "application/x-ms-wmz",
   "xbap": "application/x-ms-xbap",
-  "xbd": "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks.binder",
-  "xbm": "image/x-xbitmap",
-  "xca": "application/xcap-caps+xml",
-  "xcf": "application/x-xcf",
-  "xcs": "application/calendar+xml",
-  "xct": "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks.container",
-  "xdd": "application/bacnet-xdd+zip",
-  "xdf": "application/xcap-diff+xml",
-  "xdm": "application/vnd.syncml.dm+xml",
-  "xdp": "application/vnd.adobe.xdp+xml",
-  "xdr": "video/x-amt-demorun",
-  "xdssc": "application/dssc+xml",
-  "xdw": "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks",
-  "xel": "application/xcap-el+xml",
-  "xenc": "application/xenc+xml",
-  "xer": "application/patch-ops-error+xml",
-  "xfd": "application/vnd.xfdl",
-  "xfdf": "application/vnd.adobe.xfdf",
-  "xfdl": "application/vnd.xfdl",
-  "xgz": "xgl/drawing",
-  "xht": "application/xhtml+xml",
-  "xhtm": "application/xhtml+xml",
-  "xhtml": "application/xhtml+xml",
-  "xhvml": "application/xv+xml",
-  "xif": "image/vnd.xiff",
-  "xl": "application/excel",
-  "xla": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
-  "xlam": "application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroenabled.12",
-  "xlb": "application/vndms-excel",
-  "xlc": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
+  "mdb": "application/x-msaccess",
+  "obd": "application/x-msbinder",
+  "crd": "application/x-mscardfile",
+  "clp": "application/x-msclip",
+  "exe": "application/x-msdownload",
+  "dll": "application/x-msdownload",
+  "com": "application/x-msdownload",
+  "bat": "application/x-msdownload",
+  "msi": "application/x-msdownload",
+  "mvb": "application/x-msmediaview",
+  "m13": "application/x-msmediaview",
+  "m14": "application/x-msmediaview",
+  "wmf": "application/x-msmetafile",
+  "wmz": "application/x-msmetafile",
+  "emf": "application/x-msmetafile",
+  "emz": "application/x-msmetafile",
+  "mny": "application/x-msmoney",
+  "pub": "application/x-mspublisher",
+  "scd": "application/x-msschedule",
+  "trm": "application/x-msterminal",
+  "wri": "application/x-mswrite",
+  "nc": "application/x-netcdf",
+  "cdf": "application/x-netcdf",
+  "nzb": "application/x-nzb",
+  "p12": "application/x-pkcs12",
+  "pfx": "application/x-pkcs12",
+  "p7b": "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",
+  "spc": "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",
+  "p7r": "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp",
+  "rar": "application/x-rar-compressed",
+  "ris": "application/x-research-info-systems",
+  "sh": "application/x-sh",
+  "shar": "application/x-shar",
+  "swf": "application/x-shockwave-flash",
+  "xap": "application/x-silverlight-app",
+  "sql": "application/x-sql",
+  "sit": "application/x-stuffit",
+  "sitx": "application/x-stuffitx",
+  "srt": "application/x-subrip",
+  "sv4cpio": "application/x-sv4cpio",
+  "sv4crc": "application/x-sv4crc",
+  "t3": "application/x-t3vm-image",
+  "gam": "application/x-tads",
+  "tar": "application/x-tar",
+  "tcl": "application/x-tcl",
+  "tex": "application/x-tex",
+  "tfm": "application/x-tex-tfm",
+  "texinfo": "application/x-texinfo",
+  "texi": "application/x-texinfo",
+  "obj": "application/x-tgif",
+  "ustar": "application/x-ustar",
+  "src": "application/x-wais-source",
+  "der": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
+  "crt": "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
+  "fig": "application/x-xfig",
   "xlf": "application/x-xliff+xml",
-  "xlim": "application/vnd.xmpie.xlim",
-  "xlm": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
-  "xls": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
-  "xlsb": "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroenabled.12",
-  "xlsm": "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroenabled.12",
-  "xlsx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
-  "xlt": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
-  "xltm": "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroenabled.12",
-  "xltx": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",
-  "xlw": "application/vnd.ms-excel",
-  "xm": "audio/xm",
-  "xml": "text/xml",
-  "xmls": "application/dskpp+xml",
-  "xmt_bin": "model/vnd.parasolid.transmit.binary",
-  "xmt_txt": "model/vnd.parasolid.transmit.text",
-  "xmz": "xgl/movie",
-  "xns": "application/xcap-ns+xml",
-  "xo": "application/vnd.olpc-sugar",
-  "xof": "x-world/x-vrml",
-  "xop": "application/xop+xml",
-  "xpdl": "application/xml",
   "xpi": "application/x-xpinstall",
-  "xpix": "application/x-vnd.ls-xpix",
-  "xpl": "application/xproc+xml",
-  "xpm": "image/x-xpixmap",
-  "xpr": "application/vnd.is-xpr",
-  "xps": "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument",
-  "xpw": "application/vnd.intercon.formnet",
-  "xpx": "application/vnd.intercon.formnet",
-  "xq": "text/xquery",
-  "xql": "text/xquery",
-  "xqm": "text/xquery",
-  "xqu": "text/xquery",
-  "xquery": "text/xquery",
-  "xqy": "text/xquery",
-  "xsd": "text/xml",
-  "xsf": "application/prs.xsf+xml",
-  "xsl": "application/xslt+xml",
-  "xslt": "application/xslt+xml",
-  "xsm": "application/vnd.syncml+xml",
-  "xspf": "application/xspf+xml",
-  "xsr": "video/x-amt-showrun",
-  "xtel": "chemical/x-xtel",
-  "xul": "application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml",
-  "xvm": "application/xv+xml",
-  "xvml": "application/xv+xml",
-  "xwd": "image/x-xwindowdump",
-  "xyz": "chemical/x-xyz",
-  "xyze": "image/vnd.radiance",
   "xz": "application/x-xz",
-  "yaml": "text/yaml",
-  "yang": "application/yang",
-  "yin": "application/yin+xml",
-  "yme": "application/vnd.yaoweme",
-  "yml": "text/yaml",
-  "ymp": "text/x-suse-ymp",
   "z1": "application/x-zmachine",
   "z2": "application/x-zmachine",
   "z3": "application/x-zmachine",
@@ -1888,19 +744,293 @@ const mimes* = {
   "z6": "application/x-zmachine",
   "z7": "application/x-zmachine",
   "z8": "application/x-zmachine",
-  "zaz": "application/vnd.zzazz.deck+xml",
-  "zfc": "application/vnd.filmit.zfc",
-  "zfo": "application/vnd.software602.filler.form-xml-zip",
-  "zig": "text/zig",
+  "xaml": "application/xaml+xml",
+  "xdf": "application/xcap-diff+xml",
+  "xenc": "application/xenc+xml",
+  "xhtml": "application/xhtml+xml",
+  "xht": "application/xhtml+xml",
+  "xml": "application/xml",
+  "xsl": "application/xml",
+  "dtd": "application/xml-dtd",
+  "xop": "application/xop+xml",
+  "xpl": "application/xproc+xml",
+  "xslt": "application/xslt+xml",
+  "xspf": "application/xspf+xml",
+  "mxml": "application/xv+xml",
+  "xhvml": "application/xv+xml",
+  "xvml": "application/xv+xml",
+  "xvm": "application/xv+xml",
+  "yang": "application/yang",
+  "yin": "application/yin+xml",
   "zip": "application/zip",
-  "zir": "application/vnd.zul",
-  "zirz": "application/vnd.zul",
-  "zmm": "application/vnd.handheld-entertainment+xml",
-  "zmt": "chemical/x-mopac-input",
-  "zone": "text/dns",
-  "zoo": "application/octet-stream",
-  "zsh": "text/x-script.zsh",
-  "~": "application/x-trash"
+  "adp": "audio/adpcm",
+  "au": "audio/basic",
+  "snd": "audio/basic",
+  "mid": "audio/midi",
+  "midi": "audio/midi",
+  "kar": "audio/midi",
+  "rmi": "audio/midi",
+  "m4a": "audio/mp4",
+  "mp4a": "audio/mp4",
+  "mpga": "audio/mpeg",
+  "mp2": "audio/mpeg",
+  "mp2a": "audio/mpeg",
+  "mp3": "audio/mpeg",
+  "m2a": "audio/mpeg",
+  "m3a": "audio/mpeg",
+  "oga": "audio/ogg",
+  "ogg": "audio/ogg",
+  "spx": "audio/ogg",
+  "opus": "audio/ogg",
+  "s3m": "audio/s3m",
+  "sil": "audio/silk",
+  "uva": "audio/vnd.dece.audio",
+  "uvva": "audio/vnd.dece.audio",
+  "eol": "audio/vnd.digital-winds",
+  "dra": "audio/vnd.dra",
+  "dts": "audio/vnd.dts",
+  "dtshd": "audio/vnd.dts.hd",
+  "lvp": "audio/vnd.lucent.voice",
+  "pya": "audio/vnd.ms-playready.media.pya",
+  "ecelp4800": "audio/vnd.nuera.ecelp4800",
+  "ecelp7470": "audio/vnd.nuera.ecelp7470",
+  "ecelp9600": "audio/vnd.nuera.ecelp9600",
+  "rip": "audio/vnd.rip",
+  "weba": "audio/webm",
+  "aac": "audio/x-aac",
+  "aif": "audio/x-aiff",
+  "aiff": "audio/x-aiff",
+  "aifc": "audio/x-aiff",
+  "caf": "audio/x-caf",
+  "flac": "audio/x-flac",
+  "mka": "audio/x-matroska",
+  "m3u": "audio/x-mpegurl",
+  "wax": "audio/x-ms-wax",
+  "wma": "audio/x-ms-wma",
+  "ram": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
+  "ra": "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
+  "rmp": "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin",
+  "wav": "audio/x-wav",
+  "xm": "audio/xm",
+  "cdx": "chemical/x-cdx",
+  "cif": "chemical/x-cif",
+  "cmdf": "chemical/x-cmdf",
+  "cml": "chemical/x-cml",
+  "csml": "chemical/x-csml",
+  "xyz": "chemical/x-xyz",
+  "ttc": "font/collection",
+  "otf": "font/otf",
+  "ttf": "font/ttf",
+  "woff": "font/woff",
+  "woff2": "font/woff2",
+  "bmp": "image/bmp",
+  "cgm": "image/cgm",
+  "g3": "image/g3fax",
+  "gif": "image/gif",
+  "ief": "image/ief",
+  "jpeg": "image/jpeg",
+  "jpg": "image/jpeg",
+  "jpe": "image/jpeg",
+  "ktx": "image/ktx",
+  "png": "image/png",
+  "btif": "image/prs.btif",
+  "sgi": "image/sgi",
+  "svg": "image/svg+xml",
+  "svgz": "image/svg+xml",
+  "tiff": "image/tiff",
+  "tif": "image/tiff",
+  "psd": "image/vnd.adobe.photoshop",
+  "uvi": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
+  "uvvi": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
+  "uvg": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
+  "uvvg": "image/vnd.dece.graphic",
+  "djvu": "image/vnd.djvu",
+  "djv": "image/vnd.djvu",
+  "sub": "image/vnd.dvb.subtitle",
+  "dwg": "image/vnd.dwg",
+  "dxf": "image/vnd.dxf",
+  "fbs": "image/vnd.fastbidsheet",
+  "fpx": "image/vnd.fpx",
+  "fst": "image/vnd.fst",
+  "mmr": "image/vnd.fujixerox.edmics-mmr",
+  "rlc": "image/vnd.fujixerox.edmics-rlc",
+  "mdi": "image/vnd.ms-modi",
+  "wdp": "image/vnd.ms-photo",
+  "npx": "image/vnd.net-fpx",
+  "wbmp": "image/vnd.wap.wbmp",
+  "xif": "image/vnd.xiff",
+  "webp": "image/webp",
+  "3ds": "image/x-3ds",
+  "ras": "image/x-cmu-raster",
+  "cmx": "image/x-cmx",
+  "fh": "image/x-freehand",
+  "fhc": "image/x-freehand",
+  "fh4": "image/x-freehand",
+  "fh5": "image/x-freehand",
+  "fh7": "image/x-freehand",
+  "ico": "image/x-icon",
+  "sid": "image/x-mrsid-image",
+  "pcx": "image/x-pcx",
+  "pic": "image/x-pict",
+  "pct": "image/x-pict",
+  "pnm": "image/x-portable-anymap",
+  "pbm": "image/x-portable-bitmap",
+  "pgm": "image/x-portable-graymap",
+  "ppm": "image/x-portable-pixmap",
+  "rgb": "image/x-rgb",
+  "tga": "image/x-tga",
+  "xbm": "image/x-xbitmap",
+  "xpm": "image/x-xpixmap",
+  "xwd": "image/x-xwindowdump",
+  "eml": "message/rfc822",
+  "mime": "message/rfc822",
+  "igs": "model/iges",
+  "iges": "model/iges",
+  "msh": "model/mesh",
+  "mesh": "model/mesh",
+  "silo": "model/mesh",
+  "dae": "model/vnd.collada+xml",
+  "dwf": "model/vnd.dwf",
+  "gdl": "model/vnd.gdl",
+  "gtw": "model/vnd.gtw",
+  "mts": "model/vnd.mts",
+  "vtu": "model/vnd.vtu",
+  "wrl": "model/vrml",
+  "vrml": "model/vrml",
+  "x3db": "model/x3d+binary",
+  "x3dbz": "model/x3d+binary",
+  "x3dv": "model/x3d+vrml",
+  "x3dvz": "model/x3d+vrml",
+  "x3d": "model/x3d+xml",
+  "x3dz": "model/x3d+xml",
+  "appcache": "text/cache-manifest",
+  "ics": "text/calendar",
+  "ifb": "text/calendar",
+  "css": "text/css",
+  "csv": "text/csv",
+  "html": "text/html",
+  "htm": "text/html",
+  "js": "text/javascript",
+  "mjs": "text/javascript",
+  "n3": "text/n3",
+  "txt": "text/plain",
+  "text": "text/plain",
+  "conf": "text/plain",
+  "def": "text/plain",
+  "list": "text/plain",
+  "log": "text/plain",
+  "in": "text/plain",
+  "dsc": "text/prs.lines.tag",
+  "rtx": "text/richtext",
+  "sgml": "text/sgml",
+  "sgm": "text/sgml",
+  "tsv": "text/tab-separated-values",
+  "t": "text/troff",
+  "tr": "text/troff",
+  "roff": "text/troff",
+  "man": "text/troff",
+  "me": "text/troff",
+  "ms": "text/troff",
+  "ttl": "text/turtle",
+  "uri": "text/uri-list",
+  "uris": "text/uri-list",
+  "urls": "text/uri-list",
+  "vcard": "text/vcard",
+  "curl": "text/vnd.curl",
+  "dcurl": "text/vnd.curl.dcurl",
+  "mcurl": "text/vnd.curl.mcurl",
+  "scurl": "text/vnd.curl.scurl",
+  "sub": "text/vnd.dvb.subtitle",
+  "fly": "text/vnd.fly",
+  "flx": "text/vnd.fmi.flexstor",
+  "gv": "text/vnd.graphviz",
+  "3dml": "text/vnd.in3d.3dml",
+  "spot": "text/vnd.in3d.spot",
+  "jad": "text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor",
+  "wml": "text/vnd.wap.wml",
+  "wmls": "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript",
+  "s": "text/x-asm",
+  "asm": "text/x-asm",
+  "c": "text/x-c",
+  "cc": "text/x-c",
+  "cxx": "text/x-c",
+  "cpp": "text/x-c",
+  "h": "text/x-c",
+  "hh": "text/x-c",
+  "dic": "text/x-c",
+  "f": "text/x-fortran",
+  "for": "text/x-fortran",
+  "f77": "text/x-fortran",
+  "f90": "text/x-fortran",
+  "java": "text/x-java-source",
+  "nfo": "text/x-nfo",
+  "opml": "text/x-opml",
+  "p": "text/x-pascal",
+  "pas": "text/x-pascal",
+  "etx": "text/x-setext",
+  "sfv": "text/x-sfv",
+  "uu": "text/x-uuencode",
+  "vcs": "text/x-vcalendar",
+  "vcf": "text/x-vcard",
+  "3gp": "video/3gpp",
+  "3g2": "video/3gpp2",
+  "h261": "video/h261",
+  "h263": "video/h263",
+  "h264": "video/h264",
+  "jpgv": "video/jpeg",
+  "jpm": "video/jpm",
+  "jpgm": "video/jpm",
+  "mj2": "video/mj2",
+  "mjp2": "video/mj2",
+  "mp4": "video/mp4",
+  "mp4v": "video/mp4",
+  "mpg4": "video/mp4",
+  "mpeg": "video/mpeg",
+  "mpg": "video/mpeg",
+  "mpe": "video/mpeg",
+  "m1v": "video/mpeg",
+  "m2v": "video/mpeg",
+  "ogv": "video/ogg",
+  "qt": "video/quicktime",
+  "mov": "video/quicktime",
+  "uvh": "video/vnd.dece.hd",
+  "uvvh": "video/vnd.dece.hd",
+  "uvm": "video/vnd.dece.mobile",
+  "uvvm": "video/vnd.dece.mobile",
+  "uvp": "video/vnd.dece.pd",
+  "uvvp": "video/vnd.dece.pd",
+  "uvs": "video/vnd.dece.sd",
+  "uvvs": "video/vnd.dece.sd",
+  "uvv": "video/vnd.dece.video",
+  "uvvv": "video/vnd.dece.video",
+  "dvb": "video/vnd.dvb.file",
+  "fvt": "video/vnd.fvt",
+  "mxu": "video/vnd.mpegurl",
+  "m4u": "video/vnd.mpegurl",
+  "pyv": "video/vnd.ms-playready.media.pyv",
+  "uvu": "video/vnd.uvvu.mp4",
+  "uvvu": "video/vnd.uvvu.mp4",
+  "viv": "video/vnd.vivo",
+  "webm": "video/webm",
+  "f4v": "video/x-f4v",
+  "fli": "video/x-fli",
+  "flv": "video/x-flv",
+  "m4v": "video/x-m4v",
+  "mkv": "video/x-matroska",
+  "mk3d": "video/x-matroska",
+  "mks": "video/x-matroska",
+  "mng": "video/x-mng",
+  "asf": "video/x-ms-asf",
+  "asx": "video/x-ms-asf",
+  "vob": "video/x-ms-vob",
+  "wm": "video/x-ms-wm",
+  "wmv": "video/x-ms-wmv",
+  "wmx": "video/x-ms-wmx",
+  "wvx": "video/x-ms-wvx",
+  "avi": "video/x-msvideo",
+  "movie": "video/x-sgi-movie",
+  "smv": "video/x-smv",
+  "ice": "x-conference/x-cooltalk",
 }
 
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/nativesockets.nim b/lib/pure/nativesockets.nim
index b3465ef14..656c98a20 100644
--- a/lib/pure/nativesockets.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/nativesockets.nim
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 # TODO: Clean up the exports a bit and everything else in general.
 
-import os, options
+import std/[os, options]
 import std/private/since
 import std/strbasics
 
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ const useNimNetLite = defined(nimNetLite) or defined(freertos) or defined(zephyr
     defined(nuttx)
 
 when useWinVersion:
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
   export WSAEWOULDBLOCK, WSAECONNRESET, WSAECONNABORTED, WSAENETRESET,
          WSANOTINITIALISED, WSAENOTSOCK, WSAEINPROGRESS, WSAEINTR,
          WSAEDISCON, ERROR_NETNAME_DELETED
 else:
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
   export fcntl, F_GETFL, O_NONBLOCK, F_SETFL, EAGAIN, EWOULDBLOCK, MSG_NOSIGNAL,
     EINTR, EINPROGRESS, ECONNRESET, EPIPE, ENETRESET, EBADF
   export Sockaddr_storage, Sockaddr_un, Sockaddr_un_path_length
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ type
                    ## some procedures, such as getaddrinfo)
     AF_UNIX = 1,   ## for local socket (using a file). Unsupported on Windows.
     AF_INET = 2,   ## for network protocol IPv4 or
-    AF_INET6 = when defined(macosx): 30 else: 23 ## for network protocol IPv6.
+    AF_INET6 = when defined(macosx): 30 elif defined(windows): 23 else: 10 ## for network protocol IPv6.
 
   SockType* = enum     ## second argument to `socket` proc
     SOCK_STREAM = 1,   ## reliable stream-oriented service or Stream Sockets
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ type
     length*: int
     addrList*: seq[string]
 
+const IPPROTO_NONE* = IPPROTO_IP ## Use this if your socket type requires a protocol value of zero (e.g. Unix sockets).
+
 when useWinVersion:
   let
     osInvalidSocket* = winlean.INVALID_SOCKET
@@ -387,21 +389,37 @@ when not useNimNetLite:
 
   proc getHostByAddr*(ip: string): Hostent {.tags: [ReadIOEffect].} =
     ## This function will lookup the hostname of an IP Address.
-    var myaddr: InAddr
-    myaddr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip)
+    var
+      addrInfo = getAddrInfo(ip, Port(0), AF_UNSPEC)
+      myAddr: pointer
+      addrLen = 0
+      family = 0
+    
+    defer: freeAddrInfo(addrInfo)
+
+    if addrInfo.ai_addr.sa_family.cint == nativeAfInet:
+      family = nativeAfInet
+      myAddr = addr cast[ptr Sockaddr_in](addrInfo.ai_addr).sin_addr
+      addrLen = 4
+    elif addrInfo.ai_addr.sa_family.cint == nativeAfInet6:
+      family = nativeAfInet6
+      myAddr = addr cast[ptr Sockaddr_in6](addrInfo.ai_addr).sin6_addr
+      addrLen = 16
+    else:
+      raise newException(IOError, "Unknown socket family in `getHostByAddr()`")
 
     when useWinVersion:
-      var s = winlean.gethostbyaddr(addr(myaddr), sizeof(myaddr).cuint,
-                                    cint(AF_INET))
+      var s = winlean.gethostbyaddr(cast[ptr InAddr](myAddr), addrLen.cuint,
+                                    cint(family))
       if s == nil: raiseOSError(osLastError())
     else:
       var s =
         when defined(android4):
-          posix.gethostbyaddr(cast[cstring](addr(myaddr)), sizeof(myaddr).cint,
-                              cint(posix.AF_INET))
+          posix.gethostbyaddr(cast[cstring](myAddr), addrLen.cint,
+                              cint(family))
         else:
-          posix.gethostbyaddr(addr(myaddr), sizeof(myaddr).SockLen,
-                              cint(posix.AF_INET))
+          posix.gethostbyaddr(myAddr, addrLen.SockLen,
+                              cint(family))
       if s == nil:
         raiseOSError(osLastError(), $hstrerror(h_errno))
 
@@ -424,7 +442,20 @@ when not useNimNetLite:
         result.addrList.add($inet_ntoa(inaddrPtr[]))
         inc(i)
     else:
-      result.addrList = cstringArrayToSeq(s.h_addr_list)
+      let strAddrLen = when not useWinVersion: posix.INET6_ADDRSTRLEN.int
+                       else: 46
+      var i = 0
+      while not isNil(s.h_addr_list[i]):
+        var ipStr = newString(strAddrLen)
+        if inet_ntop(nativeAfInet6, cast[pointer](s.h_addr_list[i]),
+                     cstring(ipStr), len(ipStr).int32) == nil:
+          raiseOSError(osLastError())
+        when not useWinVersion:
+          if posix.IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(cast[ptr In6Addr](s.h_addr_list[i])) != 0:
+            ipStr.setSlice("::ffff:".len..<strAddrLen)
+        setLen(ipStr, len(cstring(ipStr)))
+        result.addrList.add(ipStr)
+        inc(i)
     result.length = int(s.h_length)
 
   proc getHostByName*(name: string): Hostent {.tags: [ReadIOEffect].} =
diff --git a/lib/pure/net.nim b/lib/pure/net.nim
index 129c15fbf..24c94b651 100644
--- a/lib/pure/net.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/net.nim
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ import std/private/since
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
-import nativesockets
-import os, strutils, times, sets, options, std/monotimes
-import ssl_config
+import std/nativesockets
+import std/[os, strutils, times, sets, options, monotimes]
+import std/ssl_config
 export nativesockets.Port, nativesockets.`$`, nativesockets.`==`
-export Domain, SockType, Protocol
+export Domain, SockType, Protocol, IPPROTO_NONE
 
 const useWinVersion = defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc)
 const useNimNetLite = defined(nimNetLite) or defined(freertos) or defined(zephyr) or
@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ const useNimNetLite = defined(nimNetLite) or defined(freertos) or defined(zephyr
 const defineSsl = defined(ssl) or defined(nimdoc)
 
 when useWinVersion:
-  from winlean import WSAESHUTDOWN
+  from std/winlean import WSAESHUTDOWN
 
 when defineSsl:
-  import openssl
+  import std/openssl
   when not defined(nimDisableCertificateValidation):
-    from ssl_certs import scanSSLCertificates
+    from std/ssl_certs import scanSSLCertificates
 
 # Note: The enumerations are mapped to Window's constants.
 
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ when defined(nimHasStyleChecks):
 
 
 when defined(posix) and not defined(lwip):
-  from posix import TPollfd, POLLIN, POLLPRI, POLLOUT, POLLWRBAND, Tnfds
+  from std/posix import TPollfd, POLLIN, POLLPRI, POLLOUT, POLLWRBAND, Tnfds
 
   template monitorPollEvent(x: var SocketHandle, y: cint, timeout: int): int =
     var tpollfd: TPollfd
@@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ proc accept*(server: Socket, client: var owned(Socket),
   acceptAddr(server, client, addrDummy, flags)
 
 when defined(posix) and not defined(lwip):
-  from posix import Sigset, sigwait, sigismember, sigemptyset, sigaddset,
+  from std/posix import Sigset, sigwait, sigismember, sigemptyset, sigaddset,
     sigprocmask, pthread_sigmask, SIGPIPE, SIG_BLOCK, SIG_UNBLOCK
 
 template blockSigpipe(body: untyped): untyped =
@@ -1268,9 +1268,9 @@ proc close*(socket: Socket, flags = {SocketFlag.SafeDisconn}) =
     socket.fd = osInvalidSocket
 
 when defined(posix):
-  from posix import TCP_NODELAY
+  from std/posix import TCP_NODELAY
 else:
-  from winlean import TCP_NODELAY
+  from std/winlean import TCP_NODELAY
 
 proc toCInt*(opt: SOBool): cint =
   ## Converts a `SOBool` into its Socket Option cint representation.
@@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ when defined(nimdoc) or (defined(posix) and not useNimNetLite):
     when not defined(nimdoc):
       var socketAddr = makeUnixAddr(path)
       if socket.fd.connect(cast[ptr SockAddr](addr socketAddr),
-          (sizeof(socketAddr.sun_family) + path.len).SockLen) != 0'i32:
+          (offsetOf(socketAddr, sun_path) + path.len + 1).SockLen) != 0'i32:
         raiseOSError(osLastError())
 
   proc bindUnix*(socket: Socket, path: string) =
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ when defined(nimdoc) or (defined(posix) and not useNimNetLite):
     when not defined(nimdoc):
       var socketAddr = makeUnixAddr(path)
       if socket.fd.bindAddr(cast[ptr SockAddr](addr socketAddr),
-          (sizeof(socketAddr.sun_family) + path.len).SockLen) != 0'i32:
+          (offsetOf(socketAddr, sun_path) + path.len + 1).SockLen) != 0'i32:
         raiseOSError(osLastError())
 
 when defineSsl:
@@ -2040,8 +2040,10 @@ proc dial*(address: string, port: Port,
   if success:
     result = newSocket(lastFd, domain, sockType, protocol, buffered)
   elif lastError != 0.OSErrorCode:
+    lastFd.close()
     raiseOSError(lastError)
   else:
+    lastFd.close()
     raise newException(IOError, "Couldn't resolve address: " & address)
 
 proc connect*(socket: Socket, address: string,
diff --git a/lib/pure/nimprof.nim b/lib/pure/nimprof.nim
index 9849e42db..bf8367d1d 100644
--- a/lib/pure/nimprof.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/nimprof.nim
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ when not defined(profiler) and not defined(memProfiler):
 # We don't want to profile the profiling code ...
 {.push profiler: off.}
 
-import hashes, algorithm, strutils, tables, sets
+import std/[hashes, algorithm, strutils, tables, sets]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[syncio, sysatomics]
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ when not defined(memProfiler):
     else: interval = intervalInUs * 1000 - tickCountCorrection
 
 when withThreads:
-  import locks
+  import std/locks
   var
     profilingLock: Lock
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/oids.nim b/lib/pure/oids.nim
index ad8eeefd7..4d6ceefd7 100644
--- a/lib/pure/oids.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/oids.nim
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 ## This implementation calls `initRand()` for the first call of
 ## `genOid`.
 
-import hashes, times, endians, random
+import std/[hashes, times, endians, random]
 from std/private/decode_helpers import handleHexChar
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
diff --git a/lib/pure/options.nim b/lib/pure/options.nim
index ec384ceb4..b34ff72c0 100644
--- a/lib/pure/options.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/options.nim
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ when defined(nimHasEffectsOf):
 else:
   {.pragma: effectsOf.}
 
-import typetraits
+import std/typetraits
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 
 when (NimMajor, NimMinor) >= (1, 1):
   type
-    SomePointer = ref | ptr | pointer | proc
+    SomePointer = ref | ptr | pointer | proc | iterator {.closure.}
 else:
   type
     SomePointer = ref | ptr | pointer
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ else:
 type
   Option*[T] = object
     ## An optional type that may or may not contain a value of type `T`.
-    ## When `T` is a a pointer type (`ptr`, `pointer`, `ref` or `proc`),
+    ## When `T` is a a pointer type (`ptr`, `pointer`, `ref`, `proc` or `iterator {.closure.}`),
     ## `none(T)` is represented as `nil`.
     when T is SomePointer:
       val: T
@@ -117,9 +117,10 @@ proc option*[T](val: sink T): Option[T] {.inline.} =
     assert option[Foo](nil).isNone
     assert option(42).isSome
 
-  result.val = val
-  when T isnot SomePointer:
-    result.has = true
+  when T is SomePointer:
+    result = Option[T](val: val)
+  else:
+    result = Option[T](has: true, val: val)
 
 proc some*[T](val: sink T): Option[T] {.inline.} =
   ## Returns an `Option` that has the value `val`.
@@ -136,10 +137,9 @@ proc some*[T](val: sink T): Option[T] {.inline.} =
 
   when T is SomePointer:
     assert not val.isNil
-    result.val = val
+    result = Option[T](val: val)
   else:
-    result.has = true
-    result.val = val
+    result = Option[T](has: true, val: val)
 
 proc none*(T: typedesc): Option[T] {.inline.} =
   ## Returns an `Option` for this type that has no value.
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ proc none*(T: typedesc): Option[T] {.inline.} =
     assert none(int).isNone
 
   # the default is the none type
-  discard
+  result = Option[T]()
 
 proc none*[T]: Option[T] {.inline.} =
   ## Alias for `none(T) <#none,typedesc>`_.
diff --git a/lib/pure/os.nim b/lib/pure/os.nim
index 7ba156c89..78ebb1c88 100644
--- a/lib/pure/os.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/os.nim
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ import std/private/since
 import std/cmdline
 export cmdline
 
-import strutils, pathnorm
+import std/[strutils, pathnorm]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[syncio, assertions, widestrs]
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ since (1, 1):
 when weirdTarget:
   discard
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean, times
+  import std/[winlean, times]
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix, times
+  import std/[posix, times]
 
   proc toTime(ts: Timespec): times.Time {.inline.} =
     result = initTime(ts.tv_sec.int64, ts.tv_nsec.int)
@@ -424,13 +424,13 @@ proc expandFilename*(filename: string): string {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
   when defined(windows):
     var bufsize = MAX_PATH.int32
     var unused: WideCString = nil
-    var res = newWideCString("", bufsize)
+    var res = newWideCString(bufsize)
     while true:
       var L = getFullPathNameW(newWideCString(filename), bufsize, res, unused)
       if L == 0'i32:
         raiseOSError(osLastError(), filename)
       elif L > bufsize:
-        res = newWideCString("", L)
+        res = newWideCString(L)
         bufsize = L
       else:
         result = res$L
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ proc expandFilename*(filename: string): string {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
       c_free(cast[pointer](r))
 
 proc getCurrentCompilerExe*(): string {.compileTime.} = discard
-  ## This is `getAppFilename()`_ at compile time.
+  ## Returns the path of the currently running Nim compiler or nimble executable.
   ##
   ## Can be used to retrieve the currently executing
   ## Nim compiler from a Nim or nimscript program, or the nimble binary
@@ -692,7 +692,10 @@ proc getAppDir*(): string {.rtl, extern: "nos$1", tags: [ReadIOEffect], noWeirdT
 
 proc sleep*(milsecs: int) {.rtl, extern: "nos$1", tags: [TimeEffect], noWeirdTarget.} =
   ## Sleeps `milsecs` milliseconds.
+  ## A negative `milsecs` causes sleep to return immediately.
   when defined(windows):
+    if milsecs < 0:
+      return  # fixes #23732
     winlean.sleep(int32(milsecs))
   else:
     var a, b: Timespec
@@ -754,14 +757,14 @@ template rawToFormalFileInfo(rawInfo, path, formalInfo): untyped =
   ## 'rawInfo' is either a 'BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION' structure on Windows,
   ## or a 'Stat' structure on posix
   when defined(windows):
-    template merge(a, b): untyped =
-      int64(
+    template merge[T](a, b): untyped =
+       cast[T](
         (uint64(cast[uint32](a))) or
         (uint64(cast[uint32](b)) shl 32)
        )
     formalInfo.id.device = rawInfo.dwVolumeSerialNumber
-    formalInfo.id.file = merge(rawInfo.nFileIndexLow, rawInfo.nFileIndexHigh)
-    formalInfo.size = merge(rawInfo.nFileSizeLow, rawInfo.nFileSizeHigh)
+    formalInfo.id.file = merge[FileId](rawInfo.nFileIndexLow, rawInfo.nFileIndexHigh)
+    formalInfo.size = merge[BiggestInt](rawInfo.nFileSizeLow, rawInfo.nFileSizeHigh)
     formalInfo.linkCount = rawInfo.nNumberOfLinks
     formalInfo.lastAccessTime = fromWinTime(rdFileTime(rawInfo.ftLastAccessTime))
     formalInfo.lastWriteTime = fromWinTime(rdFileTime(rawInfo.ftLastWriteTime))
diff --git a/lib/pure/osproc.nim b/lib/pure/osproc.nim
index b8dd153f2..c304ecca6 100644
--- a/lib/pure/osproc.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/osproc.nim
@@ -18,18 +18,18 @@
 include "system/inclrtl"
 
 import
-  strutils, os, strtabs, streams, cpuinfo, streamwrapper,
-  std/private/since
+  std/[strutils, os, strtabs, streams, cpuinfo, streamwrapper,
+  private/since]
 
 export quoteShell, quoteShellWindows, quoteShellPosix
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
 else:
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
 when defined(linux) and defined(useClone):
-  import linux
+  import std/linux
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[syncio, assertions]
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ proc processID*(p: Process): int {.rtl, extern: "nosp$1".} =
   return p.id
 
 proc waitForExit*(p: Process, timeout: int = -1): int {.rtl,
-    extern: "nosp$1", raises: [OSError, ValueError], tags: [].}
+    extern: "nosp$1", raises: [OSError, ValueError], tags: [TimeEffect].}
   ## Waits for the process to finish and returns `p`'s error code.
   ##
   ## .. warning:: Be careful when using `waitForExit` for processes created without
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ proc execProcesses*(cmds: openArray[string],
       if afterRunEvent != nil: afterRunEvent(i, p)
       close(p)
 
-iterator lines*(p: Process, keepNewLines = false): string {.since: (1, 3), raises: [OSError, IOError, ValueError], tags: [ReadIOEffect].} =
+iterator lines*(p: Process, keepNewLines = false): string {.since: (1, 3), raises: [OSError, IOError, ValueError], tags: [ReadIOEffect, TimeEffect].} =
   ## Convenience iterator for working with `startProcess` to read data from a
   ## background process.
   ##
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ iterator lines*(p: Process, keepNewLines = false): string {.since: (1, 3), raise
   discard waitForExit(p)
 
 proc readLines*(p: Process): (seq[string], int) {.since: (1, 3),
-    raises: [OSError, IOError, ValueError], tags: [ReadIOEffect].} =
+    raises: [OSError, IOError, ValueError], tags: [ReadIOEffect, TimeEffect].} =
   ## Convenience function for working with `startProcess` to read data from a
   ## background process.
   ##
@@ -1123,14 +1123,13 @@ elif not defined(useNimRtl):
       var error: cint
       let sizeRead = read(data.pErrorPipe[readIdx], addr error, sizeof(error))
       if sizeRead == sizeof(error):
-        raiseOSError(osLastError(),
+        raiseOSError(OSErrorCode(error),
                       "Could not find command: '" & $data.sysCommand & "'. OS error: " & $strerror(error))
 
       return pid
 
     {.push stacktrace: off, profiler: off.}
-    proc startProcessFail(data: ptr StartProcessData) =
-      var error: cint = errno
+    proc startProcessFail(data: ptr StartProcessData, error: cint = errno) =
       discard write(data.pErrorPipe[writeIdx], addr error, sizeof(error))
       exitnow(1)
 
@@ -1167,7 +1166,11 @@ elif not defined(useNimRtl):
       if (poUsePath in data.options):
         when defined(uClibc) or defined(linux) or defined(haiku):
           # uClibc environment (OpenWrt included) doesn't have the full execvpe
-          let exe = findExe(data.sysCommand)
+          var exe: string
+          try:
+            exe = findExe(data.sysCommand)
+          except OSError as e:
+            startProcessFail(data, e.errorCode)
           discard execve(exe.cstring, data.sysArgs, data.sysEnv)
         else:
           # MacOSX doesn't have execvpe, so we need workaround.
@@ -1231,7 +1234,7 @@ elif not defined(useNimRtl):
 
   when defined(macosx) or defined(freebsd) or defined(netbsd) or
        defined(openbsd) or defined(dragonfly):
-    import kqueue
+    import std/kqueue
 
     proc waitForExit(p: Process, timeout: int = -1): int =
       if p.exitFlag:
@@ -1353,114 +1356,63 @@ elif not defined(useNimRtl):
       result = exitStatusLikeShell(p.exitStatus)
 
   else:
-    import times
-
-    const
-      hasThreadSupport = compileOption("threads") and not defined(nimscript)
+    import std/times except getTime
+    import std/monotimes
 
     proc waitForExit(p: Process, timeout: int = -1): int =
-      template adjustTimeout(t, s, e: Timespec) =
-        var diff: int
-        var b: Timespec
-        b.tv_sec = e.tv_sec
-        b.tv_nsec = e.tv_nsec
-        e.tv_sec = e.tv_sec - s.tv_sec
-        if e.tv_nsec >= s.tv_nsec:
-          e.tv_nsec -= s.tv_nsec
-        else:
-          if e.tv_sec == posix.Time(0):
-            raise newException(ValueError, "System time was modified")
-          else:
-            diff = s.tv_nsec - e.tv_nsec
-            e.tv_nsec = 1_000_000_000 - diff
-        t.tv_sec = t.tv_sec - e.tv_sec
-        if t.tv_nsec >= e.tv_nsec:
-          t.tv_nsec -= e.tv_nsec
-        else:
-          t.tv_sec = t.tv_sec - posix.Time(1)
-          diff = e.tv_nsec - t.tv_nsec
-          t.tv_nsec = 1_000_000_000 - diff
-        s.tv_sec = b.tv_sec
-        s.tv_nsec = b.tv_nsec
-
       if p.exitFlag:
         return exitStatusLikeShell(p.exitStatus)
 
-      if timeout == -1:
-        var status: cint = 1
+      if timeout < 0:
+        # Backwards compatibility with previous verison to
+        # handle cases where timeout == -1, but extend
+        # to handle cases where timeout < 0
+        var status: cint
         if waitpid(p.id, status, 0) < 0:
           raiseOSError(osLastError())
         p.exitFlag = true
         p.exitStatus = status
       else:
-        var nmask, omask: Sigset
-        var sinfo: SigInfo
-        var stspec, enspec, tmspec: Timespec
-
-        discard sigemptyset(nmask)
-        discard sigemptyset(omask)
-        discard sigaddset(nmask, SIGCHLD)
-
-        when hasThreadSupport:
-          if pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, nmask, omask) == -1:
-            raiseOSError(osLastError())
-        else:
-          if sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, nmask, omask) == -1:
-            raiseOSError(osLastError())
-
-        if timeout >= 1000:
-          tmspec.tv_sec = posix.Time(timeout div 1_000)
-          tmspec.tv_nsec = (timeout %% 1_000) * 1_000_000
-        else:
-          tmspec.tv_sec = posix.Time(0)
-          tmspec.tv_nsec = (timeout * 1_000_000)
-
-        try:
-          if clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, stspec) == -1:
-            raiseOSError(osLastError())
-          while true:
-            let res = sigtimedwait(nmask, sinfo, tmspec)
-            if res == SIGCHLD:
-              if sinfo.si_pid == p.id:
-                var status: cint = 1
-                if waitpid(p.id, status, 0) < 0:
-                  raiseOSError(osLastError())
-                p.exitFlag = true
-                p.exitStatus = status
-                break
-              else:
-                # we have SIGCHLD, but not for process we are waiting,
-                # so we need to adjust timeout value and continue
-                if clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, enspec) == -1:
-                  raiseOSError(osLastError())
-                adjustTimeout(tmspec, stspec, enspec)
-            elif res < 0:
-              let err = osLastError()
-              if err.cint == EINTR:
-                # we have received another signal, so we need to
-                # adjust timeout and continue
-                if clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, enspec) == -1:
-                  raiseOSError(osLastError())
-                adjustTimeout(tmspec, stspec, enspec)
-              elif err.cint == EAGAIN:
-                # timeout expired, so we trying to kill process
-                if posix.kill(p.id, SIGKILL) == -1:
-                  raiseOSError(osLastError())
-                var status: cint = 1
-                if waitpid(p.id, status, 0) < 0:
-                  raiseOSError(osLastError())
-                p.exitFlag = true
-                p.exitStatus = status
-                break
-              else:
-                raiseOSError(err)
-        finally:
-          when hasThreadSupport:
-            if pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, nmask, omask) == -1:
-              raiseOSError(osLastError())
+        # Max 50ms delay
+        const maxWait = initDuration(milliseconds = 50)
+        let wait = initDuration(milliseconds = timeout)
+        let deadline = getMonoTime() + wait
+        # starting 50μs delay
+        var delay = initDuration(microseconds = 50)
+        
+        while true:
+          var status: cint
+          let pid = waitpid(p.id, status, WNOHANG)
+          if p.id == pid :
+            p.exitFlag = true
+            p.exitStatus = status
+            break
+          elif pid.int == -1:
+            raiseOsError(osLastError())
           else:
-            if sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, nmask, omask) == -1:
-              raiseOSError(osLastError())
+            # Continue waiting if needed
+            if getMonoTime() >= deadline:
+              # Previous version of `waitForExit`
+              # foricibly killed the process.
+              # We keep this so we don't break programs
+              # that depend on this behavior
+              if posix.kill(p.id, SIGKILL) < 0:
+                raiseOSError(osLastError())
+            else:
+              const max = 1_000_000_000
+              let 
+                newWait = getMonoTime() + delay
+                ticks = newWait.ticks()
+                ns = ticks mod max
+                secs = ticks div max
+              var 
+                waitSpec: TimeSpec
+                unused: Timespec
+              waitSpec.tv_sec = posix.Time(secs)
+              waitSpec.tv_nsec = clong ns 
+              discard posix.clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, TIMER_ABSTIME, waitSpec, unused)
+              let remaining = deadline - getMonoTime()
+              delay = min([delay * 2, remaining, maxWait])
 
       result = exitStatusLikeShell(p.exitStatus)
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/parsecfg.nim b/lib/pure/parsecfg.nim
index 3ba62ebd1..8a43daf54 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parsecfg.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parsecfg.nim
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ runnableExamples:
   assert dict.getSectionValue(section4, "does_that_mean_anything_special") == "False"
   assert dict.getSectionValue(section4, "purpose") == "formatting for readability"
 
-import strutils, lexbase, streams, tables
+import std/[strutils, lexbase, streams, tables]
 import std/private/decode_helpers
 import std/private/since
 
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ proc getKeyValPair(c: var CfgParser, kind: CfgEventKind): CfgEvent =
   if c.tok.kind == tkSymbol:
     case kind
     of cfgOption, cfgKeyValuePair:
-      result = CfgEvent(kind: kind, key: c.tok.literal, value: "")
+      result = CfgEvent(kind: kind, key: c.tok.literal.move, value: "")
     else: discard
     rawGetTok(c, c.tok)
     if c.tok.kind in {tkEquals, tkColon}:
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ proc next*(c: var CfgParser): CfgEvent {.rtl, extern: "npc$1".} =
   of tkBracketLe:
     rawGetTok(c, c.tok)
     if c.tok.kind == tkSymbol:
-      result = CfgEvent(kind: cfgSectionStart, section: c.tok.literal)
+      result = CfgEvent(kind: cfgSectionStart, section: c.tok.literal.move)
     else:
       result = CfgEvent(kind: cfgError,
         msg: errorStr(c, "symbol expected, but found: " & c.tok.literal))
diff --git a/lib/pure/parsecsv.nim b/lib/pure/parsecsv.nim
index dcd486c08..c7bf0c9c1 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parsecsv.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parsecsv.nim
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 ## * `parsesql module <parsesql.html>`_ for a SQL parser
 ## * `other parsers <lib.html#pure-libraries-parsers>`_ for other parsers
 
-import lexbase, streams
+import std/[lexbase, streams]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ proc rowEntry*(self: var CsvParser, entry: string): var string =
     raise newException(KeyError, "Entry `" & entry & "` doesn't exist")
 
 when not defined(testing) and isMainModule:
-  import os
+  import std/os
   var s = newFileStream(paramStr(1), fmRead)
   if s == nil: quit("cannot open the file" & paramStr(1))
   var x: CsvParser
diff --git a/lib/pure/parsejson.nim b/lib/pure/parsejson.nim
index fcbcf8e36..9292a8596 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parsejson.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parsejson.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 ## and exported by the `json` standard library
 ## module, but can also be used in its own right.
 
-import strutils, lexbase, streams, unicode
+import std/[strutils, lexbase, streams, unicode]
 import std/private/decode_helpers
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
diff --git a/lib/pure/parseopt.nim b/lib/pure/parseopt.nim
index 6674a7272..03f151b66 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parseopt.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parseopt.nim
@@ -176,7 +176,8 @@
 
 include "system/inclrtl"
 
-import os
+import std/strutils
+import std/os
 
 type
   CmdLineKind* = enum ## The detected command line token.
@@ -249,9 +250,20 @@ proc initOptParser*(cmdline: seq[string], shortNoVal: set[char] = {},
       result.cmds[i] = cmdline[i]
   else:
     when declared(paramCount):
-      result.cmds = newSeq[string](paramCount())
-      for i in countup(1, paramCount()):
-        result.cmds[i-1] = paramStr(i)
+      when defined(nimscript):
+        var ctr = 0
+        var firstNimsFound = false
+        for i in countup(0, paramCount()):
+          if firstNimsFound: 
+            result.cmds[ctr] = paramStr(i)
+            inc ctr, 1
+          if paramStr(i).endsWith(".nims") and not firstNimsFound:
+            firstNimsFound = true 
+            result.cmds = newSeq[string](paramCount()-i)
+      else:
+        result.cmds = newSeq[string](paramCount())
+        for i in countup(1, paramCount()):
+          result.cmds[i-1] = paramStr(i)
     else:
       # we cannot provide this for NimRtl creation on Posix, because we can't
       # access the command line arguments then!
diff --git a/lib/pure/parsesql.nim b/lib/pure/parsesql.nim
index 074faf64c..a7c938d01 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parsesql.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parsesql.nim
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 ##
 ## Unstable API.
 
-import strutils, lexbase
+import std/[strutils, lexbase]
 import std/private/decode_helpers
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -1491,7 +1491,7 @@ proc treeRepr*(s: SqlNode): string =
   result = newStringOfCap(128)
   treeReprAux(s, 0, result)
 
-import streams
+import std/streams
 
 proc open(L: var SqlLexer, input: Stream, filename: string) =
   lexbase.open(L, input)
diff --git a/lib/pure/parseutils.nim b/lib/pure/parseutils.nim
index ce642fcf7..2ca255fa0 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parseutils.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parseutils.nim
@@ -460,6 +460,8 @@ proc parseBiggestInt*(s: openArray[char], number: var BiggestInt): int {.
     var res: BiggestInt
     doAssert parseBiggestInt("9223372036854775807", res) == 19
     doAssert res == 9223372036854775807
+    doAssert parseBiggestInt("-2024_05_09", res) == 11
+    doAssert res == -20240509
   var res = BiggestInt(0)
   # use 'res' for exception safety (don't write to 'number' in case of an
   # overflow exception):
@@ -474,10 +476,8 @@ proc parseInt*(s: openArray[char], number: var int): int {.
   ## `ValueError` is raised if the parsed integer is out of the valid range.
   runnableExamples:
     var res: int
-    doAssert parseInt("2019", res, 0) == 4
-    doAssert res == 2019
-    doAssert parseInt("2019", res, 2) == 2
-    doAssert res == 19
+    doAssert parseInt("-2024_05_02", res) == 11
+    doAssert res == -20240502
   var res = BiggestInt(0)
   result = parseBiggestInt(s, res)
   when sizeof(int) <= 4:
@@ -992,6 +992,10 @@ proc parseBiggestInt*(s: string, number: var BiggestInt, start = 0): int {.noSid
     var res: BiggestInt
     doAssert parseBiggestInt("9223372036854775807", res, 0) == 19
     doAssert res == 9223372036854775807
+    doAssert parseBiggestInt("-2024_05_09", res) == 11
+    doAssert res == -20240509
+    doAssert parseBiggestInt("-2024_05_02", res, 7) == 4
+    doAssert res == 502
   parseBiggestInt(s.toOpenArray(start, s.high), number)
 
 proc parseInt*(s: string, number: var int, start = 0): int {.noSideEffect, raises: [ValueError].} =
@@ -1000,10 +1004,10 @@ proc parseInt*(s: string, number: var int, start = 0): int {.noSideEffect, raise
   ## `ValueError` is raised if the parsed integer is out of the valid range.
   runnableExamples:
     var res: int
-    doAssert parseInt("2019", res, 0) == 4
-    doAssert res == 2019
-    doAssert parseInt("2019", res, 2) == 2
-    doAssert res == 19
+    doAssert parseInt("-2024_05_02", res) == 11
+    doAssert res == -20240502
+    doAssert parseInt("-2024_05_02", res, 7) == 4
+    doAssert res == 502
   parseInt(s.toOpenArray(start, s.high), number)
 
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/parsexml.nim b/lib/pure/parsexml.nim
index 88cb6d9c0..c760799a2 100644
--- a/lib/pure/parsexml.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/parsexml.nim
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ document.
   # This program reads an HTML file and writes its title to stdout.
   # Errors and whitespace are ignored.
 
-  import os, streams, parsexml, strutils
+  import std/[os, streams, parsexml, strutils]
 
   if paramCount() < 1:
     quit("Usage: htmltitle filename[.html]")
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ an HTML document contains.
   # This program reads an HTML file and writes all its used links to stdout.
   # Errors and whitespace are ignored.
 
-  import os, streams, parsexml, strutils
+  import std/[os, streams, parsexml, strutils]
 
   proc `=?=` (a, b: string): bool =
     # little trick: define our own comparator that ignores case
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ an HTML document contains.
 ]##
 
 import
-  strutils, lexbase, streams, unicode
+  std/[strutils, lexbase, streams, unicode]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ proc next*(my: var XmlParser) =
     my.state = stateNormal
 
 when not defined(testing) and isMainModule:
-  import os
+  import std/os
   var s = newFileStream(paramStr(1), fmRead)
   if s == nil: quit("cannot open the file" & paramStr(1))
   var x: XmlParser
diff --git a/lib/pure/pegs.nim b/lib/pure/pegs.nim
index 18e26027f..2969fd6d7 100644
--- a/lib/pure/pegs.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/pegs.nim
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 const
   useUnicode = true ## change this to deactivate proper UTF-8 support
 
-import strutils, macros
+import std/[strutils, macros]
 import std/private/decode_helpers
 
 when useUnicode:
-  import unicode
+  import std/unicode
   export unicode.`==`
 
 const
@@ -314,21 +314,21 @@ func capture*(a: Peg = Peg(kind: pkEmpty)): Peg {.rtl, extern: "npegsCapture".}
 func backref*(index: range[1..MaxSubpatterns], reverse: bool = false): Peg {.
   rtl, extern: "npegs$1".} =
   ## constructs a back reference of the given `index`. `index` starts counting
-  ## from 1. `reverse` specifies wether indexing starts from the end of the
+  ## from 1. `reverse` specifies whether indexing starts from the end of the
   ## capture list.
   result = Peg(kind: pkBackRef, index: (if reverse: -index else: index - 1))
 
 func backrefIgnoreCase*(index: range[1..MaxSubpatterns], reverse: bool = false): Peg {.
   rtl, extern: "npegs$1".} =
   ## constructs a back reference of the given `index`. `index` starts counting
-  ## from 1. `reverse` specifies wether indexing starts from the end of the
+  ## from 1. `reverse` specifies whether indexing starts from the end of the
   ## capture list. Ignores case for matching.
   result = Peg(kind: pkBackRefIgnoreCase, index: (if reverse: -index else: index - 1))
 
 func backrefIgnoreStyle*(index: range[1..MaxSubpatterns], reverse: bool = false): Peg {.
   rtl, extern: "npegs$1".} =
   ## constructs a back reference of the given `index`. `index` starts counting
-  ## from 1. `reverse` specifies wether indexing starts from the end of the
+  ## from 1. `reverse` specifies whether indexing starts from the end of the
   ## capture list. Ignores style for matching.
   result = Peg(kind: pkBackRefIgnoreStyle, index: (if reverse: -index else: index - 1))
 
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ template eventParser*(pegAst, handlers: untyped): (proc(s: string): int) =
           `enter hdPostf`(s, pegNode, start)
         else:
           discard
-      let hdPostf = ident(substr(strVal(pegKind), 2))
+      let hdPostf = ident(substr($pegKind, 2))
       getAst(mkDoEnter(hdPostf, s, pegNode, start))
 
     macro leave(pegKind, s, pegNode, start, length: untyped): untyped =
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ template eventParser*(pegAst, handlers: untyped): (proc(s: string): int) =
           `leave hdPostf`(s, pegNode, start, length)
         else:
           discard
-      let hdPostf = ident(substr(strVal(pegKind), 2))
+      let hdPostf = ident(substr($pegKind, 2))
       getAst(mkDoLeave(hdPostf, s, pegNode, start, length))
 
     matchOrParse(parseIt)
@@ -1198,7 +1198,7 @@ template `=~`*(s: string, pattern: Peg): bool =
   ##   ```
   bind MaxSubpatterns
   when not declaredInScope(matches):
-    var matches {.inject.}: array[0..MaxSubpatterns-1, string]
+    var matches {.inject.} = default(array[0..MaxSubpatterns-1, string])
   match(s, pattern, matches)
 
 # ------------------------- more string handling ------------------------------
diff --git a/lib/pure/random.nim b/lib/pure/random.nim
index 88616594b..3ec77d37e 100644
--- a/lib/pure/random.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/random.nim
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ runnableExamples:
 ## * `list of cryptographic and hashing modules <lib.html#pure-libraries-hashing>`_
 ##   in the standard library
 
-import algorithm, math
+import std/[algorithm, math]
 import std/private/[since, jsutils]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -79,15 +79,28 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 
 include system/inclrtl
 {.push debugger: off.}
+template whenHasBigInt64(yes64, no64): untyped =
+  when defined(js):
+    when compiles(compileOption("jsbigint64")):
+      when compileOption("jsbigint64"):
+        yes64
+      else:
+        no64
+    else:
+      no64
+  else:
+    yes64
 
-when defined(js):
-  type Ui = uint32
 
-  const randMax = 4_294_967_295u32
-else:
+whenHasBigInt64:
   type Ui = uint64
 
   const randMax = 18_446_744_073_709_551_615u64
+do:
+  type Ui = uint32
+
+  const randMax = 4_294_967_295u32
+
 
 type
   Rand* = object ## State of a random number generator.
@@ -105,17 +118,17 @@ type
                  ## generator are **not** thread-safe!
     a0, a1: Ui
 
-when defined(js):
-  var state = Rand(
-    a0: 0x69B4C98Cu32,
-    a1: 0xFED1DD30u32) # global for backwards compatibility
-else:
+whenHasBigInt64:
   const DefaultRandSeed = Rand(
     a0: 0x69B4C98CB8530805u64,
     a1: 0xFED1DD3004688D67CAu64)
 
   # racy for multi-threading but good enough for now:
   var state = DefaultRandSeed # global for backwards compatibility
+do:
+  var state = Rand(
+    a0: 0x69B4C98Cu32,
+    a1: 0xFED1DD30u32) # global for backwards compatibility
 
 func isValid(r: Rand): bool {.inline.} =
   ## Check whether state of `r` is valid.
@@ -208,10 +221,10 @@ proc skipRandomNumbers*(s: var Rand) =
     doAssert vals == [501737, 497901, 500683, 500157]
 
 
-  when defined(js):
-    const helper = [0xbeac0467u32, 0xd86b048bu32]
-  else:
+  whenHasBigInt64:
     const helper = [0xbeac0467eba5facbu64, 0xd86b048b86aa9922u64]
+  do:
+    const helper = [0xbeac0467u32, 0xd86b048bu32]
   var
     s0 = Ui 0
     s1 = Ui 0
@@ -294,7 +307,13 @@ proc rand*(r: var Rand; max: range[0.0 .. high(float)]): float {.benign.} =
 
   let x = next(r)
   when defined(js):
-    result = (float(x) / float(high(uint32))) * max
+    when compiles(compileOption("jsbigint64")):
+      when compileOption("jsbigint64"):
+        result = (float(x) / float(high(uint64))) * max
+      else:
+        result = (float(x) / float(high(uint32))) * max
+    else:
+      result = (float(x) / float(high(uint32))) * max
   else:
     let u = (0x3FFu64 shl 52u64) or (x shr 12u64)
     result = (cast[float](u) - 1.0) * max
@@ -670,7 +689,7 @@ when not defined(standalone):
       import std/[hashes, os, sysrand, monotimes]
 
       when compileOption("threads"):
-        import locks
+        import std/locks
         var baseSeedLock: Lock
         baseSeedLock.initLock
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/rationals.nim b/lib/pure/rationals.nim
index aba0f4ce4..5f806bd70 100644
--- a/lib/pure/rationals.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/rationals.nim
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ runnableExamples:
   doAssert r1 * r2 == -3 // 8
   doAssert r1 / r2 == -2 // 3
 
-import math, hashes
+import std/[math, hashes]
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
@@ -40,16 +40,16 @@ func reduce*[T: SomeInteger](x: var Rational[T]) =
     reduce(r)
     doAssert r.num == 1
     doAssert r.den == 2
-
+  if x.den == 0:
+    raise newException(DivByZeroDefect, "division by zero")
   let common = gcd(x.num, x.den)
   if x.den > 0:
     x.num = x.num div common
     x.den = x.den div common
-  elif x.den < 0:
-    x.num = -x.num div common
-    x.den = -x.den div common
-  else:
-    raise newException(DivByZeroDefect, "division by zero")
+  when T isnot SomeUnsignedInt:
+    if x.den < 0:
+      x.num = -x.num div common
+      x.den = -x.den div common
 
 func initRational*[T: SomeInteger](num, den: T): Rational[T] =
   ## Creates a new rational number with numerator `num` and denominator `den`.
@@ -318,3 +318,23 @@ func hash*[T](x: Rational[T]): Hash =
   h = h !& hash(copy.num)
   h = h !& hash(copy.den)
   result = !$h
+
+func `^`*[T: SomeInteger](x: Rational[T], y: T): Rational[T] =
+  ## Computes `x` to the power of `y`.
+  ##
+  ## The exponent `y` must be an integer. Negative exponents are supported
+  ## but floating point exponents are not.
+  runnableExamples:
+    doAssert (-3 // 5) ^ 0 == (1 // 1)
+    doAssert (-3 // 5) ^ 1 == (-3 // 5)
+    doAssert (-3 // 5) ^ 2 == (9 // 25)
+    doAssert (-3 // 5) ^ -2 == (25 // 9)
+
+  if y >= 0:
+    result.num = x.num ^ y
+    result.den = x.den ^ y
+  else:
+    result.num = x.den ^ -y
+    result.den = x.num ^ -y
+  # Note that all powers of reduced rationals are already reduced,
+  # so we don't need to call reduce() here
diff --git a/lib/pure/reservedmem.nim b/lib/pure/reservedmem.nim
index 528b0095c..ffa0128dc 100644
--- a/lib/pure/reservedmem.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/reservedmem.nim
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ type
     mem: ReservedMem
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
   import std/private/win_getsysteminfo
 
   proc getAllocationGranularity: uint =
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ when defined(windows):
       raiseOSError(osLastError())
 
 else:
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
   let allocationGranularity = sysconf(SC_PAGESIZE)
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/ropes.nim b/lib/pure/ropes.nim
index b973fd222..8750aca87 100644
--- a/lib/pure/ropes.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/ropes.nim
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 ## runtime efficiency.
 
 include system/inclrtl
-import streams
+import std/streams
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[syncio, formatfloat, assertions]
diff --git a/lib/pure/segfaults.nim b/lib/pure/segfaults.nim
index b0eac2299..65b059e86 100644
--- a/lib/pure/segfaults.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/segfaults.nim
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ se.msg = "Could not access value because it is nil."
 when defined(windows):
   include "../system/ansi_c"
 
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
 
   const
     EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION = DWORD(0xc0000005'i32)
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ when defined(windows):
     c_signal(SIGSEGV, segfaultHandler)
 
 else:
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
   var sa: Sigaction
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/selectors.nim b/lib/pure/selectors.nim
index 1b4ae992d..ac180e2bd 100644
--- a/lib/pure/selectors.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/selectors.nim
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 ##
 ## TODO: `/dev/poll`, `event ports` and filesystem events.
 
-import nativesockets
+import std/nativesockets
 import std/oserrors
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
@@ -235,9 +235,9 @@ when defined(nimdoc):
     ## For *poll* and *select* selectors `-1` is returned.
 
 else:
-  import strutils
+  import std/strutils
   when hasThreadSupport:
-    import locks
+    import std/locks
 
     type
       SharedArray[T] = UncheckedArray[T]
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ else:
     setBlocking(fd.SocketHandle, false)
 
   when not defined(windows):
-    import posix
+    import std/posix
 
     template setKey(s, pident, pevents, pparam, pdata: untyped) =
       var skey = addr(s.fds[pident])
diff --git a/lib/pure/ssl_certs.nim b/lib/pure/ssl_certs.nim
index dd09848be..d60cd22eb 100644
--- a/lib/pure/ssl_certs.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/ssl_certs.nim
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 ## The default locations can be overridden using the SSL_CERT_FILE and
 ## SSL_CERT_DIR environment variables.
 
-import os, strutils
+import std/[os, strutils]
 
 # FWIW look for files before scanning entire dirs.
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ iterator scanSSLCertificates*(useEnvVars = false): string =
 # Certificates management on windows
 # when defined(windows) or defined(nimdoc):
 #
-#   import openssl
+#   import std/openssl
 #
 #   type
 #     PCCertContext {.final, pure.} = pointer
diff --git a/lib/pure/stats.nim b/lib/pure/stats.nim
index 7f797529d..6a4fd8f01 100644
--- a/lib/pure/stats.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/stats.nim
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ runnableExamples:
   doAssert statistics.kurtosis() ~= -1.0
   doAssert statistics.kurtosisS() ~= -0.7000000000000008
 
-from math import FloatClass, sqrt, pow, round
+from std/math import FloatClass, sqrt, pow, round
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, formatfloat]
diff --git a/lib/pure/streams.nim b/lib/pure/streams.nim
index d3aeacee5..56f49d7b1 100644
--- a/lib/pure/streams.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/streams.nim
@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@
 ## Other modules may provide other implementations for this standard
 ## stream interface.
 ##
+## .. warning:: Due to the use of `pointer`, the `readData`, `peekData` and
+## `writeData` interfaces are not available on the compile-time VM, and must
+## be cast from a `ptr string` on the JS backend. However, `readDataStr` is
+## available generally in place of `readData`.
+##
 ## Basic usage
 ## ===========
 ##
@@ -938,10 +943,14 @@ proc peekFloat64*(s: Stream): float64 =
 
 proc readStrPrivate(s: Stream, length: int, str: var string) =
   if length > len(str): setLen(str, length)
-  when defined(js):
-    let L = readData(s, addr(str), length)
+  var L: int
+  when nimvm:
+    L = readDataStr(s, str, 0..length-1)
   else:
-    let L = readData(s, cstring(str), length)
+    when defined(js):
+      L = readData(s, addr(str), length)
+    else:
+      L = readData(s, cstring(str), length)
   if L != len(str): setLen(str, L)
 
 proc readStr*(s: Stream, length: int, str: var string) {.since: (1, 3).} =
@@ -1482,7 +1491,7 @@ when false:
     # do not import windows as this increases compile times:
     discard
   else:
-    import posix
+    import std/posix
 
     proc hsSetPosition(s: FileHandleStream, pos: int) =
       discard lseek(s.handle, pos, SEEK_SET)
diff --git a/lib/pure/streamwrapper.nim b/lib/pure/streamwrapper.nim
index 9f5c0f28a..99752a9ab 100644
--- a/lib/pure/streamwrapper.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/streamwrapper.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 ##
 ## **Since** version 1.2.
 
-import deques, streams
+import std/[deques, streams]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/pure/strformat.nim b/lib/pure/strformat.nim
index 2668ad66c..7d093ebb3 100644
--- a/lib/pure/strformat.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/strformat.nim
@@ -264,6 +264,12 @@ The available floating point presentation types are:
                          exponent notation.
 `G`                      General format. Same as `g` except it switches to `E`
                          if the number gets to large.
+`i`                      Complex General format. This is only supported for
+                         complex numbers, which it prints using the mathematical
+                         (RE+IMj) format. The real and imaginary parts are printed
+                         using the general format `g` by default, but it is
+                         possible to combine this format with one of the other
+                         formats (e.g `jf`).
 (None)                   Similar to `g`, except that it prints at least one
                          digit after the decimal point.
 =================        ====================================================
@@ -316,8 +322,8 @@ help with readability, since there is only so much you can cram into
 single letter DSLs.
 ]##
 
-import macros, parseutils, unicode
-import strutils except format
+import std/[macros, parseutils, unicode]
+import std/strutils except format
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -475,50 +481,48 @@ proc parseStandardFormatSpecifier*(s: string; start = 0;
     raise newException(ValueError,
       "invalid format string, cannot parse: " & s[i..^1])
 
+proc toRadix(typ: char): int =
+  case typ
+  of 'x', 'X': 16
+  of 'd', '\0': 10
+  of 'o': 8
+  of 'b': 2
+  else:
+    raise newException(ValueError,
+      "invalid type in format string for number, expected one " &
+      " of 'x', 'X', 'b', 'd', 'o' but got: " & typ)
+
 proc formatValue*[T: SomeInteger](result: var string; value: T;
-                                  specifier: string) =
+                                  specifier: static string) =
   ## Standard format implementation for `SomeInteger`. It makes little
   ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
   ## by the `&` macro.
-  if specifier.len == 0:
+  when specifier.len == 0:
     result.add $value
-    return
-  let spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
-  var radix = 10
-  case spec.typ
-  of 'x', 'X': radix = 16
-  of 'd', '\0': discard
-  of 'b': radix = 2
-  of 'o': radix = 8
   else:
-    raise newException(ValueError,
-      "invalid type in format string for number, expected one " &
-      " of 'x', 'X', 'b', 'd', 'o' but got: " & spec.typ)
-  result.add formatInt(value, radix, spec)
+    const
+      spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
+      radix = toRadix(spec.typ)
 
-proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: SomeFloat; specifier: string) =
-  ## Standard format implementation for `SomeFloat`. It makes little
+    result.add formatInt(value, radix, spec)
+
+proc formatValue*[T: SomeInteger](result: var string; value: T;
+                                  specifier: string) =
+  ## Standard format implementation for `SomeInteger`. It makes little
   ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
   ## by the `&` macro.
   if specifier.len == 0:
     result.add $value
-    return
-  let spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
-
-  var fmode = ffDefault
-  case spec.typ
-  of 'e', 'E':
-    fmode = ffScientific
-  of 'f', 'F':
-    fmode = ffDecimal
-  of 'g', 'G':
-    fmode = ffDefault
-  of '\0': discard
   else:
-    raise newException(ValueError,
-      "invalid type in format string for number, expected one " &
-      " of 'e', 'E', 'f', 'F', 'g', 'G' but got: " & spec.typ)
+    let
+      spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
+      radix = toRadix(spec.typ)
+
+    result.add formatInt(value, radix, spec)
 
+proc formatFloat(
+    result: var string, value: SomeFloat, fmode: FloatFormatMode,
+    spec: StandardFormatSpecifier) =
   var f = formatBiggestFloat(value, fmode, spec.precision)
   var sign = false
   if value >= 0.0:
@@ -553,23 +557,83 @@ proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: SomeFloat; specifier: string) =
   else:
     result.add res
 
+proc toFloatFormatMode(typ: char): FloatFormatMode =
+  case typ
+  of 'e', 'E': ffScientific
+  of 'f', 'F': ffDecimal
+  of 'g', 'G': ffDefault
+  of '\0': ffDefault
+  else:
+    raise newException(ValueError,
+      "invalid type in format string for number, expected one " &
+      " of 'e', 'E', 'f', 'F', 'g', 'G' but got: " & typ)
+
+proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: SomeFloat; specifier: static string) =
+  ## Standard format implementation for `SomeFloat`. It makes little
+  ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
+  ## by the `&` macro.
+  when specifier.len == 0:
+    result.add $value
+  else:
+    const
+      spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
+      fmode = toFloatFormatMode(spec.typ)
+
+    formatFloat(result, value, fmode, spec)
+
+proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: SomeFloat; specifier: string) =
+  ## Standard format implementation for `SomeFloat`. It makes little
+  ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
+  ## by the `&` macro.
+  if specifier.len == 0:
+    result.add $value
+  else:
+    let
+      spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
+      fmode = toFloatFormatMode(spec.typ)
+
+    formatFloat(result, value, fmode, spec)
+
+proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: string; specifier: static string) =
+  ## Standard format implementation for `string`. It makes little
+  ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
+  ## by the `&` macro.
+  const spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
+  var value =
+    when spec.typ in {'s', '\0'}: value
+    else: static:
+      raise newException(ValueError,
+        "invalid type in format string for string, expected 's', but got " &
+        spec.typ)
+  when spec.precision != -1:
+    if spec.precision < runeLen(value):
+      const precision = cast[Natural](spec.precision)
+      setLen(value, Natural(runeOffset(value, precision)))
+
+  result.add alignString(value, spec.minimumWidth, spec.align, spec.fill)
+
 proc formatValue*(result: var string; value: string; specifier: string) =
   ## Standard format implementation for `string`. It makes little
   ## sense to call this directly, but it is required to exist
   ## by the `&` macro.
   let spec = parseStandardFormatSpecifier(specifier)
-  var value = value
-  case spec.typ
-  of 's', '\0': discard
-  else:
-    raise newException(ValueError,
-      "invalid type in format string for string, expected 's', but got " &
-      spec.typ)
+  var value =
+    if spec.typ in {'s', '\0'}: value
+    else:
+      raise newException(ValueError,
+        "invalid type in format string for string, expected 's', but got " &
+        spec.typ)
   if spec.precision != -1:
     if spec.precision < runeLen(value):
-      setLen(value, runeOffset(value, spec.precision))
+      let precision = cast[Natural](spec.precision)
+      setLen(value, Natural(runeOffset(value, precision)))
+
   result.add alignString(value, spec.minimumWidth, spec.align, spec.fill)
 
+proc formatValue[T: not SomeInteger](result: var string; value: T; specifier: static string) =
+  mixin `$`
+  formatValue(result, $value, specifier)
+
 proc formatValue[T: not SomeInteger](result: var string; value: T; specifier: string) =
   mixin `$`
   formatValue(result, $value, specifier)
@@ -667,7 +731,6 @@ proc strformatImpl(f: string; openChar, closeChar: char,
         inc i, 2
       else:
         raiseAssert "invalid format string: '$1' instead of '$1$1'" % $closeChar
-        inc i
     else:
       strlit.add f[i]
       inc i
diff --git a/lib/pure/strmisc.nim b/lib/pure/strmisc.nim
index c8cd839be..a3e539e7e 100644
--- a/lib/pure/strmisc.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/strmisc.nim
@@ -27,20 +27,17 @@ func expandTabs*(s: string, tabSize: int = 8): string =
     doAssert expandTabs("a\tb\n\txy\t", 3) == "a  b\n   xy "
 
   result = newStringOfCap(s.len + s.len shr 2)
-  var pos = 0
 
   template addSpaces(n) =
-    for j in 0 ..< n:
+    for _ in 1..n:
       result.add(' ')
-      pos += 1
+    pos += n
 
-  for i in 0 ..< len(s):
-    let c = s[i]
+  var pos = 0
+  let denominator = if tabSize > 0: tabSize else: 1
+  for c in s:
     if c == '\t':
-      let
-        denominator = if tabSize > 0: tabSize else: 1
-        numSpaces = tabSize - pos mod denominator
-
+      let numSpaces = tabSize - pos mod denominator
       addSpaces(numSpaces)
     else:
       result.add(c)
diff --git a/lib/pure/strscans.nim b/lib/pure/strscans.nim
index 0b23abc28..16ef9e642 100644
--- a/lib/pure/strscans.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/strscans.nim
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ which we then use in our scanf pattern to help us in the matching process:
     ...
   ```
 
-It also possible to pass arguments to a user definable matcher:
+It is also possible to pass arguments to a user definable matcher:
 
   ```nim
   proc ndigits(input: string; intVal: var int; start: int; n: int): int =
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ efficiency and perform different checks.
 ]##
 
 
-import macros, parseutils
+import std/[macros, parseutils]
 import std/private/since
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
diff --git a/lib/pure/strtabs.nim b/lib/pure/strtabs.nim
index 11d5015cb..4b07aca5a 100644
--- a/lib/pure/strtabs.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/strtabs.nim
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ runnableExamples:
 import std/private/since
 
 import
-  hashes, strutils
+  std/[hashes, strutils]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/pure/strutils.nim b/lib/pure/strutils.nim
index 7ab3d37c8..81be7db17 100644
--- a/lib/pure/strutils.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/strutils.nim
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ runnableExamples:
 ##   easier substring extraction than regular expressions
 
 
-import parseutils
-from math import pow, floor, log10
-from algorithm import fill, reverse
+import std/parseutils
+from std/math import pow, floor, log10
+from std/algorithm import fill, reverse
 import std/enumutils
 
-from unicode import toLower, toUpper
+from std/unicode import toLower, toUpper
 export toLower, toUpper
 
 include "system/inclrtl"
@@ -334,9 +334,9 @@ func normalize*(s: string): string {.rtl, extern: "nsuNormalize".} =
 func cmpIgnoreCase*(a, b: string): int {.rtl, extern: "nsuCmpIgnoreCase".} =
   ## Compares two strings in a case insensitive manner. Returns:
   ##
-  ## | 0 if a == b
-  ## | < 0 if a < b
-  ## | > 0 if a > b
+  ## | `0` if a == b
+  ## | `< 0` if a < b
+  ## | `> 0` if a > b
   runnableExamples:
     doAssert cmpIgnoreCase("FooBar", "foobar") == 0
     doAssert cmpIgnoreCase("bar", "Foo") < 0
@@ -354,9 +354,9 @@ func cmpIgnoreStyle*(a, b: string): int {.rtl, extern: "nsuCmpIgnoreStyle".} =
   ##
   ## Returns:
   ##
-  ## | 0 if a == b
-  ## | < 0 if a < b
-  ## | > 0 if a > b
+  ## | `0` if a == b
+  ## | `< 0` if a < b
+  ## | `> 0` if a > b
   runnableExamples:
     doAssert cmpIgnoreStyle("foo_bar", "FooBar") == 0
     doAssert cmpIgnoreStyle("foo_bar_5", "FooBar4") > 0
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ iterator rsplit*(s: string, sep: char,
                  maxsplit: int = -1): string =
   ## Splits the string `s` into substrings from the right using a
   ## string separator. Works exactly the same as `split iterator
-  ## <#split.i,string,char,int>`_ except in reverse order.
+  ## <#split.i,string,char,int>`_ except in **reverse** order.
   ##
   ##   ```nim
   ##   for piece in "foo:bar".rsplit(':'):
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ iterator rsplit*(s: string, seps: set[char] = Whitespace,
                  maxsplit: int = -1): string =
   ## Splits the string `s` into substrings from the right using a
   ## string separator. Works exactly the same as `split iterator
-  ## <#split.i,string,char,int>`_ except in reverse order.
+  ## <#split.i,string,char,int>`_ except in **reverse** order.
   ##
   ##   ```nim
   ##   for piece in "foo bar".rsplit(WhiteSpace):
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ iterator rsplit*(s: string, sep: string, maxsplit: int = -1,
                  keepSeparators: bool = false): string =
   ## Splits the string `s` into substrings from the right using a
   ## string separator. Works exactly the same as `split iterator
-  ## <#split.i,string,string,int>`_ except in reverse order.
+  ## <#split.i,string,string,int>`_ except in **reverse** order.
   ##
   ##   ```nim
   ##   for piece in "foothebar".rsplit("the"):
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@ func split*(s: string, sep: string, maxsplit: int = -1): seq[string] {.rtl,
 func rsplit*(s: string, sep: char, maxsplit: int = -1): seq[string] {.rtl,
     extern: "nsuRSplitChar".} =
   ## The same as the `rsplit iterator <#rsplit.i,string,char,int>`_, but is a func
-  ## that returns a sequence of substrings.
+  ## that returns a sequence of substrings in original order.
   ##
   ## A possible common use case for `rsplit` is path manipulation,
   ## particularly on systems that don't use a common delimiter.
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ func rsplit*(s: string, seps: set[char] = Whitespace,
              maxsplit: int = -1): seq[string]
              {.rtl, extern: "nsuRSplitCharSet".} =
   ## The same as the `rsplit iterator <#rsplit.i,string,set[char],int>`_, but is a
-  ## func that returns a sequence of substrings.
+  ## func that returns a sequence of substrings in original order.
   ##
   ## A possible common use case for `rsplit` is path manipulation,
   ## particularly on systems that don't use a common delimiter.
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ func rsplit*(s: string, seps: set[char] = Whitespace,
 func rsplit*(s: string, sep: string, maxsplit: int = -1): seq[string] {.rtl,
     extern: "nsuRSplitString".} =
   ## The same as the `rsplit iterator <#rsplit.i,string,string,int,bool>`_, but is a func
-  ## that returns a sequence of substrings.
+  ## that returns a sequence of substrings in original order.
   ##
   ## A possible common use case for `rsplit` is path manipulation,
   ## particularly on systems that don't use a common delimiter.
@@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@ func parseEnum*[T: enum](s: string): T =
   ## type contains multiple fields with the same string value.
   ##
   ## Raises `ValueError` for an invalid value in `s`. The comparison is
-  ## done in a style insensitive way.
+  ## done in a style insensitive way (first letter is still case-sensitive).
   runnableExamples:
     type
       MyEnum = enum
@@ -1327,7 +1327,7 @@ func parseEnum*[T: enum](s: string, default: T): T =
   ## type contains multiple fields with the same string value.
   ##
   ## Uses `default` for an invalid value in `s`. The comparison is done in a
-  ## style insensitive way.
+  ## style insensitive way (first letter is still case-sensitive).
   runnableExamples:
     type
       MyEnum = enum
@@ -1875,7 +1875,7 @@ func join*(a: openArray[string], sep: string = ""): string {.rtl,
   else:
     result = ""
 
-func join*[T: not string](a: openArray[T], sep: string = ""): string =
+proc join*[T: not string](a: openArray[T], sep: string = ""): string =
   ## Converts all elements in the container `a` to strings using `$`,
   ## and concatenates them with `sep`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -2281,17 +2281,31 @@ func replaceWord*(s, sub: string, by = ""): string {.rtl,
     add result, substr(s, i)
 
 func multiReplace*(s: string, replacements: varargs[(string, string)]): string =
-  ## Same as replace, but specialized for doing multiple replacements in a single
-  ## pass through the input string.
+  ## Same as `replace<#replace,string,string,string>`_, but specialized for
+  ## doing multiple replacements in a single pass through the input string.
   ##
-  ## `multiReplace` performs all replacements in a single pass, this means it
-  ## can be used to swap the occurrences of "a" and "b", for instance.
+  ## `multiReplace` scans the input string from left to right and replaces the
+  ## matching substrings in the same order as passed in the argument list.
+  ##
+  ## The implications of the order of scanning the string and matching the
+  ## replacements:
+  ##   - In case of multiple matches at a given position, the earliest
+  ##     replacement is applied.
+  ##   - Overlaps are not handled. After performing a replacement, the scan
+  ##     continues from the character after the matched substring. If the
+  ##     resulting string then contains a possible match starting in a newly
+  ##     placed substring, the additional replacement is not performed.
   ##
   ## If the resulting string is not longer than the original input string,
   ## only a single memory allocation is required.
   ##
-  ## The order of the replacements does matter. Earlier replacements are
-  ## preferred over later replacements in the argument list.
+  runnableExamples:
+    # Swapping occurrences of 'a' and 'b':
+    doAssert multireplace("abba", [("a", "b"), ("b", "a")]) == "baab"
+
+    # The second replacement ("ab") is matched and performed first, the scan then
+    # continues from 'c', so the "bc" replacement is never matched and thus skipped.
+    doAssert multireplace("abc", [("bc", "x"), ("ab", "_b")]) == "_bc"
   result = newStringOfCap(s.len)
   var i = 0
   var fastChk: set[char] = {}
@@ -2440,8 +2454,8 @@ func validIdentifier*(s: string): bool {.rtl, extern: "nsuValidIdentifier".} =
 
 # floating point formatting:
 when not defined(js):
-  func c_sprintf(buf, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
-                                     importc: "sprintf", varargs.}
+  func c_snprintf(buf: cstring, n: csize_t, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
+                                     importc: "snprintf", varargs.}
 
 type
   FloatFormatMode* = enum
@@ -2474,7 +2488,7 @@ func formatBiggestFloat*(f: BiggestFloat, format: FloatFormatMode = ffDefault,
     when defined(js):
       var precision = precision
       if precision == -1:
-        # use the same default precision as c_sprintf
+        # use the same default precision as c_snprintf
         precision = 6
       var res: cstring
       case format
@@ -2505,11 +2519,11 @@ func formatBiggestFloat*(f: BiggestFloat, format: FloatFormatMode = ffDefault,
         frmtstr[3] = '*'
         frmtstr[4] = floatFormatToChar[format]
         frmtstr[5] = '\0'
-        L = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), precision, f)
+        L = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), csize_t(2501), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), precision, f)
       else:
         frmtstr[1] = floatFormatToChar[format]
         frmtstr[2] = '\0'
-        L = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), f)
+        L = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), csize_t(2501), cast[cstring](addr frmtstr), f)
       result = newString(L)
       for i in 0 ..< L:
         # Depending on the locale either dot or comma is produced,
diff --git a/lib/pure/sugar.nim b/lib/pure/sugar.nim
index d8e00d1f8..90ba20c13 100644
--- a/lib/pure/sugar.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/sugar.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 ## macro system.
 
 import std/private/since
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 proc checkPragma(ex, prag: var NimNode) =
   since (1, 3):
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ proc freshIdentNodes(ast: NimNode): NimNode =
   # see also https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/pull/8531#issuecomment-410436458
   proc inspect(node: NimNode): NimNode =
     case node.kind:
-    of nnkIdent, nnkSym:
+    of nnkIdent, nnkSym, nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSym:
       result = ident($node)
     of nnkEmpty, nnkLiterals:
       result = node
@@ -345,9 +345,10 @@ proc collectImpl(init, body: NimNode): NimNode {.since: (1, 1).} =
   let res = genSym(nskVar, "collectResult")
   var bracketExpr: NimNode
   if init != nil:
-    expectKind init, {nnkCall, nnkIdent, nnkSym}
+    expectKind init, {nnkCall, nnkIdent, nnkSym, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkOpenSym}
     bracketExpr = newTree(nnkBracketExpr,
-      if init.kind == nnkCall: freshIdentNodes(init[0]) else: freshIdentNodes(init))
+      if init.kind in {nnkCall, nnkClosedSymChoice, nnkOpenSymChoice, nnkOpenSym}:
+        freshIdentNodes(init[0]) else: freshIdentNodes(init))
   else:
     bracketExpr = newTree(nnkBracketExpr)
   let (resBody, keyType, valueType) = trans(body, res, bracketExpr)
diff --git a/lib/pure/terminal.nim b/lib/pure/terminal.nim
index 4177eb002..53b3d61da 100644
--- a/lib/pure/terminal.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/terminal.nim
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ runnableExamples("-r:off"):
 
   stdout.styledWriteLine(fgRed, "red text ", styleBright, "bold red", fgDefault, " bold text")
 
-import macros
-import strformat
-from strutils import toLowerAscii, `%`
-import colors
+import std/macros
+import std/strformat
+from std/strutils import toLowerAscii, `%`, parseInt
+import std/colors
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[syncio, assertions]
@@ -96,10 +96,11 @@ const
   fgPrefix = "\e[38;2;"
   bgPrefix = "\e[48;2;"
   ansiResetCode* = "\e[0m"
+  getPos = "\e[6n"
   stylePrefix = "\e["
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean, os
+  import std/[winlean, os]
 
   const
     DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS = 2
@@ -220,6 +221,9 @@ when defined(windows):
       raiseOSError(osLastError())
     return (int(c.dwCursorPosition.x), int(c.dwCursorPosition.y))
 
+  proc getCursorPos*(): tuple [x, y: int] {.raises: [ValueError, IOError, OSError].} =
+    return getCursorPos(getStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE))
+
   proc setCursorPos(h: Handle, x, y: int) =
     var c: COORD
     c.x = int16(x)
@@ -253,7 +257,7 @@ when defined(windows):
     if f == stderr: term.hStderr else: term.hStdout
 
 else:
-  import termios, posix, os, parseutils
+  import std/[termios, posix, os, parseutils]
 
   proc setRaw(fd: FileHandle, time: cint = TCSAFLUSH) =
     var mode: Termios
@@ -267,6 +271,48 @@ else:
     mode.c_cc[VTIME] = 0.cuchar
     discard fd.tcSetAttr(time, addr mode)
 
+  proc getCursorPos*(): tuple [x, y: int] {.raises: [ValueError, IOError].} =
+    ## Returns cursor position (x, y)
+    ## writes to stdout and expects the terminal to respond via stdin
+    var
+      xStr = ""
+      yStr = ""
+      ch: char
+      ct: int
+      readX = false
+
+    # use raw mode to ask terminal for cursor position
+    let fd = getFileHandle(stdin)
+    var oldMode: Termios
+    discard fd.tcGetAttr(addr oldMode)
+    fd.setRaw()
+    stdout.write(getPos)
+    flushFile(stdout)
+
+    try:
+      # parse response format: [yyy;xxxR
+      while true:
+        let n = readBuffer(stdin, addr ch, 1)
+        if n == 0 or ch == 'R':
+          if xStr == "" or yStr == "":
+            raise newException(ValueError, "Got character position message that was missing data")
+          break
+        ct += 1
+        if ct > 16:
+          raise newException(ValueError, "Got unterminated character position message from terminal")
+        if ch == ';':
+          readX = true
+        elif ch in {'0'..'9'}:
+          if readX:
+            xStr.add(ch)
+          else:
+            yStr.add(ch)
+    finally:
+      # restore previous terminal mode
+      discard fd.tcSetAttr(TCSADRAIN, addr oldMode)
+
+    return (parseInt(xStr), parseInt(yStr))
+
   proc terminalWidthIoctl*(fds: openArray[int]): int =
     ## Returns terminal width from first fd that supports the ioctl.
 
@@ -876,7 +922,7 @@ when defined(windows):
     stdout.write "\n"
 
 else:
-  import termios
+  import std/termios
 
   proc readPasswordFromStdin*(prompt: string, password: var string):
                             bool {.tags: [ReadIOEffect, WriteIOEffect].} =
@@ -932,7 +978,7 @@ proc isTrueColorSupported*(): bool =
   return getTerminal().trueColorIsSupported
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import os
+  import std/os
 
 proc enableTrueColors*() =
   ## Enables true color.
diff --git a/lib/pure/times.nim b/lib/pure/times.nim
index 9c32c7b21..e59153455 100644
--- a/lib/pure/times.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/times.nim
@@ -131,9 +131,10 @@
   ===========  =================================================================================  ==============================================
 
   Other strings can be inserted by putting them in `''`. For example
-  `hh'->'mm` will give `01->56`.  The following characters can be
-  inserted without quoting them: `:` `-` `(` `)` `/` `[` `]`
-  `,`. A literal `'` can be specified with `''`.
+  `hh'->'mm` will give `01->56`.  In addition to spaces,
+  the following characters can be inserted without quoting them:
+  `:` `-` `,` `.` `(` `)` `/` `[` `]`.
+  A literal `'` can be specified with `''`.
 
   However you don't need to necessarily separate format patterns, as an
   unambiguous format string like `yyyyMMddhhmmss` is also valid (although
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@
   * `monotimes module <monotimes.html>`_
 ]##
 
-import strutils, math, options
+import std/[strutils, math, options]
 
 import std/private/since
 include "system/inclrtl"
@@ -213,7 +214,7 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 
 
 when defined(js):
-  import jscore
+  import std/jscore
 
   # This is really bad, but overflow checks are broken badly for
   # ints on the JS backend. See #6752.
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ when defined(js):
   {.pop.}
 
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
   type CTime = posix.Time
 
@@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ elif defined(posix):
       {.importc: "gettimeofday", header: "<sys/time.h>", sideEffect.}
 
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean, std/time_t
+  import std/winlean, std/time_t
 
   type
     CTime = time_t.Time
@@ -1498,11 +1499,11 @@ proc `-=`*(a: var DateTime, b: Duration) =
   a = a - b
 
 proc getDateStr*(dt = now()): string {.rtl, extern: "nt$1", tags: [TimeEffect].} =
-  ## Gets the current local date as a string of the format `YYYY-MM-DD`.
+  ## Gets the current local date as a string of the format `YYYY-MM-dd`.
   runnableExamples:
     echo getDateStr(now() - 1.months)
   assertDateTimeInitialized dt
-  result = newStringOfCap(10)  # len("YYYY-MM-DD") == 10
+  result = newStringOfCap(10)  # len("YYYY-MM-dd") == 10
   result.addInt dt.year
   result.add '-'
   result.add intToStr(dt.monthZero, 2)
@@ -1631,7 +1632,7 @@ const
         "Sunday"],
   )
 
-  FormatLiterals = {' ', '-', '/', ':', '(', ')', '[', ']', ','}
+  FormatLiterals = {' ', '-', '/', ':', '(', ')', '[', ']', ',', '.'}
 
 proc `$`*(f: TimeFormat): string =
   ## Returns the format string that was used to construct `f`.
@@ -2787,7 +2788,9 @@ proc epochTime*(): float {.tags: [TimeEffect].} =
   ##
   ## .. warning:: Unsuitable for benchmarking (but still better than `now`),
   ##    use `monotimes.getMonoTime` or `cpuTime` instead, depending on the use case.
-  when defined(macosx):
+  when defined(js):
+    result = newDate().getTime() / 1000
+  elif defined(macosx):
     var a {.noinit.}: Timeval
     gettimeofday(a)
     result = toBiggestFloat(a.tv_sec.int64) + toBiggestFloat(
@@ -2804,8 +2807,6 @@ proc epochTime*(): float {.tags: [TimeEffect].} =
     var secs = i64 div rateDiff
     var subsecs = i64 mod rateDiff
     result = toFloat(int(secs)) + toFloat(int(subsecs)) * 0.0000001
-  elif defined(js):
-    result = newDate().getTime() / 1000
   else:
     {.error: "unknown OS".}
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/typetraits.nim b/lib/pure/typetraits.nim
index 384c2dbac..78af84fdd 100644
--- a/lib/pure/typetraits.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/typetraits.nim
@@ -130,6 +130,40 @@ template pointerBase*[T](_: typedesc[ptr T | ref T]): typedesc =
     assert (var s = "abc"; s[0].addr).typeof.pointerBase is char
   T
 
+proc rangeBase*(T: typedesc[range]): typedesc {.magic: "TypeTrait".} =
+  ## Returns the base type for range types, or the type itself otherwise.
+  ##
+  ## **See also:**
+  ## * `rangeBase template <#rangeBase.t,T>`_
+  runnableExamples:
+    type MyRange = range[0..5]
+    type MyEnum = enum a, b, c
+    type MyEnumRange = range[b..c]
+    doAssert rangeBase(MyRange) is int
+    doAssert rangeBase(MyEnumRange) is MyEnum
+    doAssert rangeBase(range['a'..'z']) is char
+
+template rangeBase*[T: range](a: T): untyped =
+  ## Overload of `rangeBase <#rangeBase,typedesc,static[bool]>`_ for values.
+  runnableExamples:
+    type MyRange = range[0..5]
+    type MyEnum = enum a, b, c
+    type MyEnumRange = range[b..c]
+    let x = MyRange(3)
+    doAssert rangeBase(x) is int
+    doAssert $typeof(rangeBase(x)) == "int"
+    doAssert rangeBase(x) == 3
+    let y: set[MyEnumRange] = {c}
+    for e in y:
+      doAssert rangeBase(e) is MyEnum
+      doAssert $typeof(rangeBase(e)) == "MyEnum"
+      doAssert rangeBase(e) == c
+    let z: seq[range['a'..'z']] = @['c']
+    doAssert rangeBase(z[0]) is char
+    doAssert $typeof(rangeBase(z[0])) == "char"
+    doAssert rangeBase(z[0]) == 'c'
+  rangeBase(typeof(T))(a)
+
 proc distinctBase*(T: typedesc, recursive: static bool = true): typedesc {.magic: "TypeTrait".} =
   ## Returns the base type for distinct types, or the type itself otherwise.
   ## If `recursive` is false, only the immediate distinct base will be returned.
@@ -204,7 +238,7 @@ since (1, 3, 5):
 
     typeof(block: (for ai in a: ai))
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 macro enumLen*(T: typedesc[enum]): int =
   ## Returns the number of items in the enum `T`.
diff --git a/lib/pure/unicode.nim b/lib/pure/unicode.nim
index c8d18831a..8cbe117bb 100644
--- a/lib/pure/unicode.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/unicode.nim
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ proc `==`*(a, b: Rune): bool =
 
 include "includes/unicode_ranges"
 
-proc binarySearch(c: RuneImpl, tab: openArray[int], len, stride: int): int =
+proc binarySearch(c: RuneImpl, tab: openArray[int32], len, stride: int): int =
   var n = len
   var t = 0
   while n > 1:
@@ -836,9 +836,9 @@ proc toRunes*(s: openArray[char]): seq[Rune] =
 proc cmpRunesIgnoreCase*(a, b: openArray[char]): int {.rtl, extern: "nuc$1".} =
   ## Compares two UTF-8 strings and ignores the case. Returns:
   ##
-  ## | 0 if a == b
-  ## | < 0 if a < b
-  ## | > 0 if a > b
+  ## | `0` if a == b
+  ## | `< 0` if a < b
+  ## | `> 0` if a > b
   var i = 0
   var j = 0
   var ar, br: Rune
@@ -846,7 +846,12 @@ proc cmpRunesIgnoreCase*(a, b: openArray[char]): int {.rtl, extern: "nuc$1".} =
     # slow path:
     fastRuneAt(a, i, ar)
     fastRuneAt(b, j, br)
-    result = RuneImpl(toLower(ar)) - RuneImpl(toLower(br))
+    when sizeof(int) < 4:
+      const lo = low(int).int32
+      const hi = high(int).int32
+      result = clamp(RuneImpl(toLower(ar)) - RuneImpl(toLower(br)), lo, hi).int
+    else:
+      result = RuneImpl(toLower(ar)) - RuneImpl(toLower(br))
     if result != 0: return
   result = a.len - b.len
 
@@ -1370,9 +1375,9 @@ proc toRunes*(s: string): seq[Rune] {.inline.} =
 proc cmpRunesIgnoreCase*(a, b: string): int {.inline.} =
   ## Compares two UTF-8 strings and ignores the case. Returns:
   ##
-  ## | 0 if a == b
-  ## | < 0 if a < b
-  ## | > 0 if a > b
+  ## | `0` if a == b
+  ## | `< 0` if a < b
+  ## | `> 0` if a > b
   cmpRunesIgnoreCase(a.toOa(), b.toOa())
 
 proc reversed*(s: string): string {.inline.} =
diff --git a/lib/pure/unittest.nim b/lib/pure/unittest.nim
index a6b01d644..cfb762258 100644
--- a/lib/pure/unittest.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/unittest.nim
@@ -111,15 +111,15 @@ import std/exitprocs
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
 
-import macros, strutils, streams, times, sets, sequtils
+import std/[macros, strutils, streams, times, sets, sequtils]
 
 when declared(stdout):
-  import os
+  import std/os
 
 const useTerminal = not defined(js)
 
 when useTerminal:
-  import terminal
+  import std/terminal
 
 type
   TestStatus* = enum ## The status of a test when it is done.
@@ -773,7 +773,8 @@ macro expect*(exceptions: varargs[typed], body: untyped): untyped =
     except errorTypes:
       discard
     except:
-      checkpoint(lineInfoLit & ": Expect Failed, unexpected exception was thrown.")
+      let err = getCurrentException()
+      checkpoint(lineInfoLit & ": Expect Failed, " & $err.name & " was thrown.")
       fail()
     {.pop.}
 
diff --git a/lib/pure/volatile.nim b/lib/pure/volatile.nim
index f30d899df..a38247c7d 100644
--- a/lib/pure/volatile.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/volatile.nim
@@ -10,20 +10,18 @@
 ## This module contains code for generating volatile loads and stores,
 ## which are useful in embedded and systems programming.
 
-template volatileLoad*[T](src: ptr T): T =
+proc volatileLoad*[T](src: ptr T): T {.inline, noinit.} =
   ## Generates a volatile load of the value stored in the container `src`.
   ## Note that this only effects code generation on `C` like backends.
   when nimvm:
-    src[]
+    result = src[]
   else:
     when defined(js):
-      src[]
+      result = src[]
     else:
-      var res: T
-      {.emit: [res, " = (*(", typeof(src[]), " volatile*)", src, ");"].}
-      res
+      {.emit: [result, " = (*(", typeof(src[]), " volatile*)", src, ");"].}
 
-template volatileStore*[T](dest: ptr T, val: T) =
+proc volatileStore*[T](dest: ptr T, val: T) {.inline.} =
   ## Generates a volatile store into the container `dest` of the value
   ## `val`. Note that this only effects code generation on `C` like
   ## backends.
diff --git a/lib/pure/xmlparser.nim b/lib/pure/xmlparser.nim
index 6785fa66e..2c1e4e37c 100644
--- a/lib/pure/xmlparser.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/xmlparser.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## This module parses an XML document and creates its XML tree representation.
 
-import streams, parsexml, strtabs, xmltree
+import std/[streams, parsexml, strtabs, xmltree]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ proc loadXml*(path: string, options: set[XmlParseOption] = {reportComments}): Xm
 
 when isMainModule:
   when not defined(testing):
-    import os
+    import std/os
 
     var errors: seq[string] = @[]
     var x = loadXml(paramStr(1), errors)
diff --git a/lib/pure/xmltree.nim b/lib/pure/xmltree.nim
index e4cd407e2..5c0cbc5e4 100644
--- a/lib/pure/xmltree.nim
+++ b/lib/pure/xmltree.nim
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ runnableExamples:
 ## * `htmlgen module <htmlgen.html>`_ for html code generator
 
 import std/private/since
-import macros, strtabs, strutils, sequtils
+import std/[macros, strtabs, strutils, sequtils]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/std/cmdline.nim b/lib/std/cmdline.nim
index e545ac599..0ba4619e5 100644
--- a/lib/std/cmdline.nim
+++ b/lib/std/cmdline.nim
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ const weirdTarget = defined(nimscript) or defined(js)
 when weirdTarget:

   discard

 elif defined(windows):

-  import winlean

+  import std/winlean

 elif defined(posix):

-  import posix

+  import std/posix

 else:

   {.error: "The cmdline module has not been implemented for the target platform.".}

 

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ proc parseCmdLine*(c: string): seq[string] {.
         while i < c.len and c[i] > ' ':

           add(a, c[i])

           inc(i)

-    add(result, a)

+    add(result, move a)

 

 when defined(nimdoc):

   # Common forward declaration docstring block for parameter retrieval procs.

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ when defined(nimdoc):
     ## Similarly to `argv`:idx: in C,

     ## it is possible to call `paramStr(0)` but this will return OS specific

     ## contents (usually the name of the invoked executable). You should avoid

-    ## this and call `getAppFilename()`_ instead.

+    ## this and call `getAppFilename() <os.html#getAppFilename>`_ instead.

     ##

     ## **Availability**: When generating a dynamic library (see `--app:lib`) on

     ## Posix this proc is not defined.

@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ when defined(nimdoc):
     ## * `parseCmdLine proc`_

     ## * `paramCount proc`_

     ## * `commandLineParams proc`_

-    ## * `getAppFilename proc`_

+    ## * `getAppFilename proc <os.html#getAppFilename>`_

     ##

     ## **Examples:**

     ##

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ when declared(paramCount) or defined(nimdoc):
     ## Convenience proc which returns the command line parameters.

     ##

     ## This returns **only** the parameters. If you want to get the application

-    ## executable filename, call `getAppFilename()`_.

+    ## executable filename, call `getAppFilename() <os.html#getAppFilename>`_.

     ##

     ## **Availability**: On Posix there is no portable way to get the command

     ## line from a DLL and thus the proc isn't defined in this environment. You

@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ when declared(paramCount) or defined(nimdoc):
     ## * `parseCmdLine proc`_

     ## * `paramCount proc`_

     ## * `paramStr proc`_

-    ## * `getAppFilename proc`_

+    ## * `getAppFilename proc <os.html#getAppFilename>`_

     ##

     ## **Examples:**

     ##

diff --git a/lib/std/decls.nim b/lib/std/decls.nim
index 3f774cd08..bb7ec3593 100644
--- a/lib/std/decls.nim
+++ b/lib/std/decls.nim
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ## This module implements syntax sugar for some declarations.
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 macro byaddr*(sect) =
   ## Allows a syntax for l-value references, being an exact analog to
diff --git a/lib/std/dirs.nim b/lib/std/dirs.nim
index 0b0366d44..380d6d08f 100644
--- a/lib/std/dirs.nim
+++ b/lib/std/dirs.nim
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ## This module implements directory handling.
 
-from paths import Path, ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect
+from std/paths import Path, ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect
 
 from std/private/osdirs import dirExists, createDir, existsOrCreateDir, removeDir,
                                moveDir, walkDir, setCurrentDir,
diff --git a/lib/std/editdistance.nim b/lib/std/editdistance.nim
index 9f29c5c05..40c0017ae 100644
--- a/lib/std/editdistance.nim
+++ b/lib/std/editdistance.nim
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 ## This module implements an algorithm to compute the
 ## `edit distance`:idx: between two Unicode strings.
 
-import unicode
+import std/unicode
 
 proc editDistance*(a, b: string): int {.noSideEffect.} =
   ## Returns the **unicode-rune** edit distance between `a` and `b`.
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ proc editDistance*(a, b: string): int {.noSideEffect.} =
   ## This uses the `Levenshtein`:idx: distance algorithm with only a linear
   ## memory overhead.
   runnableExamples: static: doAssert editdistance("Kitten", "Bitten") == 1
-  if len(a) > len(b):
+  if runeLen(a) > runeLen(b):
     # make `b` the longer string
     return editDistance(b, a)
   # strip common prefix
diff --git a/lib/std/effecttraits.nim b/lib/std/effecttraits.nim
index fb057a669..3d1b4ffd3 100644
--- a/lib/std/effecttraits.nim
+++ b/lib/std/effecttraits.nim
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 ## One can test for the existence of this standard module
 ## via `defined(nimHasEffectTraitsModule)`.
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 proc getRaisesListImpl(n: NimNode): NimNode = discard "see compiler/vmops.nim"
 proc getTagsListImpl(n: NimNode): NimNode = discard "see compiler/vmops.nim"
diff --git a/lib/std/enumerate.nim b/lib/std/enumerate.nim
index 4f0161b7c..beb65ed30 100644
--- a/lib/std/enumerate.nim
+++ b/lib/std/enumerate.nim
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 ## macro system.
 
 import std/private/since
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 
 macro enumerate*(x: ForLoopStmt): untyped {.since: (1, 3).} =
diff --git a/lib/std/enumutils.nim b/lib/std/enumutils.nim
index 0386c2589..9c338817d 100644
--- a/lib/std/enumutils.nim
+++ b/lib/std/enumutils.nim
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-import macros
-from typetraits import OrdinalEnum, HoleyEnum
+import std/macros
+from std/typetraits import OrdinalEnum, HoleyEnum
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ macro genEnumCaseStmt*(typ: typedesc, argSym: typed, default: typed,
   # a normalized string comparison to the `argSym` input.
   # string normalization is done using passed normalizer.
   let typ = typ.getTypeInst[1]
-  let impl = typ.getImpl[2]
+  let typSym = typ.getTypeImpl.getTypeInst # skip aliases etc to get type sym
+  let impl = typSym.getImpl[2]
   expectKind impl, nnkEnumTy
   let normalizerNode = quote: `normalizer`
   expectKind normalizerNode, nnkSym
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ macro genEnumCaseStmt*(typ: typedesc, argSym: typed, default: typed,
     result.add nnkElse.newTree(default)
 
 macro enumFullRange(a: typed): untyped =
-  newNimNode(nnkCurly).add(a.getType[1][1..^1])
+  newNimNode(nnkBracket).add(a.getType[1][1..^1])
 
 macro enumNames(a: typed): untyped =
   # this could be exported too; in particular this could be useful for enum with holes.
@@ -173,6 +174,9 @@ template symbolRank*[T: enum](a: T): int =
   when T is Ordinal: ord(a) - T.low.ord.static
   else: symbolRankImpl(a)
 
+proc rangeBase(T: typedesc): typedesc {.magic: "TypeTrait".}
+  # skip one level of range; return the base type of a range type
+
 func symbolName*[T: enum](a: T): string =
   ## Returns the symbol name of an enum.
   ##
@@ -191,5 +195,8 @@ func symbolName*[T: enum](a: T): string =
       c1 = 4
       c2 = 20
     assert c1.symbolName == "c1"
-  const names = enumNames(T)
+  when T is range:
+    const names = enumNames(rangeBase T)
+  else:
+    const names = enumNames(T)
   names[a.symbolRank]
diff --git a/lib/std/envvars.nim b/lib/std/envvars.nim
index ab5c9f06e..a955077ea 100644
--- a/lib/std/envvars.nim
+++ b/lib/std/envvars.nim
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ when not defined(nimscript):
     when defined(windows):
       proc c_putenv(envstring: cstring): cint {.importc: "_putenv", header: "<stdlib.h>".}
       from std/private/win_setenv import setEnvImpl
-      import winlean
+      import std/winlean
       when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
         import std/widestrs
 
diff --git a/lib/std/exitprocs.nim b/lib/std/exitprocs.nim
index e42397c4c..f26368f42 100644
--- a/lib/std/exitprocs.nim
+++ b/lib/std/exitprocs.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## This module allows adding hooks to program exit.
 
-import locks
+import std/locks
 when defined(js) and not defined(nodejs):
   import std/assertions
 
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ initLock(gFunsLock)
 when defined(js):
   proc addAtExit(quitProc: proc() {.noconv.}) =
     when defined(nodejs):
-      asm """
+      {.emit: """
         process.on('exit', `quitProc`);
-      """
+      """.}
     elif defined(js):
-      asm """
+      {.emit: """
         window.onbeforeunload = `quitProc`;
-      """
+      """.}
 else:
   proc addAtExit(quitProc: proc() {.noconv.}) {.
     importc: "atexit", header: "<stdlib.h>".}
@@ -72,16 +72,16 @@ proc addExitProc*(cl: proc() {.noconv.}) =
 when not defined(nimscript) and (not defined(js) or defined(nodejs)):
   proc getProgramResult*(): int =
     when defined(js) and defined(nodejs):
-      asm """
+      {.emit: """
 `result` = process.exitCode;
-"""
+""".}
     else:
       result = programResult
 
   proc setProgramResult*(a: int) =
     when defined(js) and defined(nodejs):
-      asm """
+      {.emit: """
 process.exitCode = `a`;
-"""
+""".}
     else:
       programResult = a
diff --git a/lib/std/files.nim b/lib/std/files.nim
index b61b7dafd..c4e0491c9 100644
--- a/lib/std/files.nim
+++ b/lib/std/files.nim
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 ## **See also:**
 ## * `paths module <paths.html>`_ for path manipulation
 
-from paths import Path, ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect
+from std/paths import Path, ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect
 
 from std/private/osfiles import fileExists, removeFile,
                                 moveFile
diff --git a/lib/std/formatfloat.nim b/lib/std/formatfloat.nim
index 48973aa55..9258245f6 100644
--- a/lib/std/formatfloat.nim
+++ b/lib/std/formatfloat.nim
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ proc writeFloatToBufferRoundtrip*(buf: var array[65, char]; value: float32): int
   result = float32ToChars(buf, value, forceTrailingDotZero=true).int
   buf[result] = '\0'
 
-proc c_sprintf(buf, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
-                                    importc: "sprintf", varargs, noSideEffect.}
+proc c_snprintf(buf: cstring, n: csize_t, frmt: cstring): cint {.header: "<stdio.h>",
+                                    importc: "snprintf", varargs, noSideEffect.}
 
 proc writeToBuffer(buf: var array[65, char]; value: cstring) =
   var i = 0
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ proc writeFloatToBufferSprintf*(buf: var array[65, char]; value: BiggestFloat):
   ##
   ## returns the amount of bytes written to `buf` not counting the
   ## terminating '\0' character.
-  var n = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), "%.16g", value).int
+  var n = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr buf), 65, "%.16g", value).int
   var hasDot = false
   for i in 0..n-1:
     if buf[i] == ',':
@@ -100,22 +100,23 @@ proc addFloatSprintf*(result: var string; x: float) =
     let n = writeFloatToBufferSprintf(buffer, x)
     result.addCstringN(cast[cstring](buffer[0].addr), n)
 
-proc nimFloatToString(a: float): cstring =
-  ## ensures the result doesn't print like an integer, i.e. return 2.0, not 2
-  # print `-0.0` properly
-  asm """
-    function nimOnlyDigitsOrMinus(n) {
-      return n.toString().match(/^-?\d+$/);
-    }
-    if (Number.isSafeInteger(`a`))
-      `result` = `a` === 0 && 1 / `a` < 0 ? "-0.0" : `a`+".0"
-    else {
-      `result` = `a`+""
-      if(nimOnlyDigitsOrMinus(`result`)){
-        `result` = `a`+".0"
+when defined(js):
+  proc nimFloatToString(a: float): cstring =
+    ## ensures the result doesn't print like an integer, i.e. return 2.0, not 2
+    # print `-0.0` properly
+    {.emit: """
+      function nimOnlyDigitsOrMinus(n) {
+        return n.toString().match(/^-?\d+$/);
       }
-    }
-  """
+      if (Number.isSafeInteger(`a`))
+        `result` = `a` === 0 && 1 / `a` < 0 ? "-0.0" : `a`+".0";
+      else {
+        `result` = `a`+"";
+        if(nimOnlyDigitsOrMinus(`result`)){
+          `result` = `a`+".0";
+        }
+      }
+    """.}
 
 proc addFloat*(result: var string; x: float | float32) {.inline.} =
   ## Converts float to its string representation and appends it to `result`.
diff --git a/lib/std/genasts.nim b/lib/std/genasts.nim
index 04257533d..d0f07c527 100644
--- a/lib/std/genasts.nim
+++ b/lib/std/genasts.nim
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ## This module implements AST generation using captured variables for macros.
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 type GenAstOpt* = enum
   kDirtyTemplate,
diff --git a/lib/std/jsonutils.nim b/lib/std/jsonutils.nim
index b1025d24b..2d28748ce 100644
--- a/lib/std/jsonutils.nim
+++ b/lib/std/jsonutils.nim
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ runnableExamples:
   assert 0.0.toJson.kind == JFloat
   assert Inf.toJson.kind == JString
 
-import json, strutils, tables, sets, strtabs, options, strformat
+import std/[json, strutils, tables, sets, strtabs, options, strformat]
 
 #[
 Future directions:
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ add a way to customize serialization, for e.g.:
   objects.
 ]#
 
-import macros
-from enumutils import symbolName
-from typetraits import OrdinalEnum, tupleLen
+import std/macros
+from std/enumutils import symbolName
+from std/typetraits import OrdinalEnum, tupleLen
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/std/monotimes.nim b/lib/std/monotimes.nim
index 5c67a5d4c..bf6dc776b 100644
--- a/lib/std/monotimes.nim
+++ b/lib/std/monotimes.nim
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ See also
 * `times module <times.html>`_
 ]##
 
-import times
+import std/times
 
 type
   MonoTime* = object ## Represents a monotonic timestamp.
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ when defined(js):
   {.pop.}
 
 elif defined(posix) and not defined(osx):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
 when defined(zephyr):
   proc k_uptime_ticks(): int64 {.importc: "k_uptime_ticks", header: "<kernel.h>".}
diff --git a/lib/std/oserrors.nim b/lib/std/oserrors.nim
index a641a7f47..7b11c5e8e 100644
--- a/lib/std/oserrors.nim
+++ b/lib/std/oserrors.nim
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ type
 
 when not defined(nimscript):
   when defined(windows):
-    import winlean
+    import std/winlean
     when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
       import std/widestrs
   else:
diff --git a/lib/std/outparams.nim b/lib/std/outparams.nim
index 8a0e5ae67..a471fbaa7 100644
--- a/lib/std/outparams.nim
+++ b/lib/std/outparams.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## `outParamsAt` macro for easy writing code that works with both 2.0 and 1.x.
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 macro outParamsAt*(positions: static openArray[int]; n: untyped): untyped =
   ## Use this macro to annotate `out` parameters in a portable way.
diff --git a/lib/std/packedsets.nim b/lib/std/packedsets.nim
index c6d007c26..3320558f2 100644
--- a/lib/std/packedsets.nim
+++ b/lib/std/packedsets.nim
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 ## * `sets module <sets.html>`_ for more general hash sets
 
 import std/private/since
-import hashes
+import std/hashes
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/std/paths.nim b/lib/std/paths.nim
index f675e7445..664dedd31 100644
--- a/lib/std/paths.nim
+++ b/lib/std/paths.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export osseps
 import std/envvars
 import std/private/osappdirs
 
-import pathnorm
+import std/[pathnorm, hashes, sugar, strutils]
 
 from std/private/ospaths2 import  joinPath, splitPath,
                                   ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect,
@@ -25,6 +25,16 @@ export ReadDirEffect, WriteDirEffect
 type
   Path* = distinct string
 
+func hash*(x: Path): Hash =
+  let x = x.string.dup(normalizePath)
+  if FileSystemCaseSensitive:
+    result = x.hash
+  else:
+    result = x.toLowerAscii.hash
+
+template `$`*(x: Path): string =
+  string(x)
+
 func `==`*(x, y: Path): bool {.inline.} =
   ## Compares two paths.
   ##
diff --git a/lib/std/private/gitutils.nim b/lib/std/private/gitutils.nim
index db323bee1..6dc9c8f3b 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/gitutils.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/gitutils.nim
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ internal API for now, API subject to change
 
 # xxx move other git utilities here; candidate for stdlib.
 
-import std/[os, osproc, strutils, tempfiles]
+import std/[os, paths, osproc, strutils, tempfiles]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, syncio]
@@ -32,15 +32,8 @@ template retryCall*(maxRetry = 3, backoffDuration = 1.0, call: untyped): bool =
   result
 
 proc isGitRepo*(dir: string): bool =
-  ## This command is used to get the relative path to the root of the repository.
-  ## Using this, we can verify whether a folder is a git repository by checking
-  ## whether the command success and if the output is empty.
-  let (output, status) = execCmdEx("git rev-parse --show-cdup", workingDir = dir)
-  # On Windows there will be a trailing newline on success, remove it.
-  # The value of a successful call typically won't have a whitespace (it's
-  # usually a series of ../), so we know that it's safe to unconditionally
-  # remove trailing whitespaces from the result.
-  result = status == 0 and output.strip() == ""
+  ## Avoid calling git since it depends on /bin/sh existing and fails in Nix.
+  return fileExists(dir/".git/HEAD")
 
 proc diffFiles*(path1, path2: string): tuple[output: string, same: bool] =
   ## Returns a human readable diff of files `path1`, `path2`, the exact form of
diff --git a/lib/std/private/globs.nim b/lib/std/private/globs.nim
index 64065aac8..a6d088558 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/globs.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/globs.nim
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ this can eventually be moved to std/os and `walkDirRec` can be implemented in te
 to avoid duplication
 ]##
 
-import os
+import std/os
 when defined(windows):
-  from strutils import replace
+  from std/strutils import replace
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/[assertions, objectdollar]
@@ -65,6 +65,6 @@ proc nativeToUnixPath*(path: string): string =
     result = replace(result, '\\', '/')
 
 when isMainModule:
-  import sugar
+  import std/sugar
   for a in walkDirRecFilter(".", follow = a=>a.path.lastPathPart notin ["nimcache", ".git", "csources_v1", "csources", "bin"]):
     echo a
diff --git a/lib/std/private/jsutils.nim b/lib/std/private/jsutils.nim
index fd1f395f3..5f79eab27 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/jsutils.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/jsutils.nim
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ when defined(js):
       let a = array[2, float64].default
       assert jsConstructorName(a) == "Float64Array"
       assert jsConstructorName(a.toJs) == "Float64Array"
-    asm """`result` = `a`.constructor.name"""
+    {.emit: """`result` = `a`.constructor.name;""".}
 
   proc hasJsBigInt*(): bool =
-    asm """`result` = typeof BigInt != 'undefined'"""
+    {.emit: """`result` = typeof BigInt != 'undefined';""".}
 
   proc hasBigUint64Array*(): bool =
-    asm """`result` = typeof BigUint64Array != 'undefined'"""
+    {.emit: """`result` = typeof BigUint64Array != 'undefined';""".}
 
   proc getProtoName*[T](a: T): cstring {.importjs: "Object.prototype.toString.call(#)".} =
     runnableExamples:
diff --git a/lib/std/private/oscommon.nim b/lib/std/private/oscommon.nim
index c24db3f67..c49d52ef2 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/oscommon.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/oscommon.nim
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ type
 when weirdTarget:
   discard
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean, times
+  import std/[winlean, times]
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
   proc c_rename(oldname, newname: cstring): cint {.
     importc: "rename", header: "<stdio.h>".}
 else:
diff --git a/lib/std/private/osdirs.nim b/lib/std/private/osdirs.nim
index a4318367d..a44cad7d9 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/osdirs.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/osdirs.nim
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 when weirdTarget:
   discard
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean, times
+  import std/[winlean, times]
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix, times
+  import std/[posix, times]
 
 else:
   {.error: "OS module not ported to your operating system!".}
@@ -446,13 +446,17 @@ proc createDir*(dir: string) {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
     else:
       discard existsOrCreateDir(p)
 
-proc copyDir*(source, dest: string) {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
+proc copyDir*(source, dest: string, skipSpecial = false) {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
   tags: [ReadDirEffect, WriteIOEffect, ReadIOEffect], benign, noWeirdTarget.} =
   ## Copies a directory from `source` to `dest`.
   ##
   ## On non-Windows OSes, symlinks are copied as symlinks. On Windows, symlinks
   ## are skipped.
   ##
+  ## If `skipSpecial` is true, then (besides all directories) only *regular*
+  ## files (**without** special "file" objects like FIFOs, device files,
+  ## etc) will be copied on Unix.
+  ##
   ## If this fails, `OSError` is raised.
   ##
   ## On the Windows platform this proc will copy the attributes from
@@ -472,16 +476,17 @@ proc copyDir*(source, dest: string) {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
   ## * `createDir proc`_
   ## * `moveDir proc`_
   createDir(dest)
-  for kind, path in walkDir(source):
+  for kind, path in walkDir(source, skipSpecial = skipSpecial):
     var noSource = splitPath(path).tail
     if kind == pcDir:
-      copyDir(path, dest / noSource)
+      copyDir(path, dest / noSource, skipSpecial = skipSpecial)
     else:
       copyFile(path, dest / noSource, {cfSymlinkAsIs})
 
 
 proc copyDirWithPermissions*(source, dest: string,
-                             ignorePermissionErrors = true)
+                             ignorePermissionErrors = true,
+                             skipSpecial = false)
   {.rtl, extern: "nos$1", tags: [ReadDirEffect, WriteIOEffect, ReadIOEffect],
    benign, noWeirdTarget.} =
   ## Copies a directory from `source` to `dest` preserving file permissions.
@@ -489,6 +494,10 @@ proc copyDirWithPermissions*(source, dest: string,
   ## On non-Windows OSes, symlinks are copied as symlinks. On Windows, symlinks
   ## are skipped.
   ##
+  ## If `skipSpecial` is true, then (besides all directories) only *regular*
+  ## files (**without** special "file" objects like FIFOs, device files,
+  ## etc) will be copied on Unix.
+  ##
   ## If this fails, `OSError` is raised. This is a wrapper proc around
   ## `copyDir`_ and `copyFileWithPermissions`_ procs
   ## on non-Windows platforms.
@@ -518,10 +527,10 @@ proc copyDirWithPermissions*(source, dest: string,
     except:
       if not ignorePermissionErrors:
         raise
-  for kind, path in walkDir(source):
+  for kind, path in walkDir(source, skipSpecial = skipSpecial):
     var noSource = splitPath(path).tail
     if kind == pcDir:
-      copyDirWithPermissions(path, dest / noSource, ignorePermissionErrors)
+      copyDirWithPermissions(path, dest / noSource, ignorePermissionErrors, skipSpecial = skipSpecial)
     else:
       copyFileWithPermissions(path, dest / noSource, ignorePermissionErrors, {cfSymlinkAsIs})
 
diff --git a/lib/std/private/osfiles.nim b/lib/std/private/osfiles.nim
index f2e7bf11d..37d8eabca 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/osfiles.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/osfiles.nim
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 when weirdTarget:
   discard
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix, times
+  import std/[posix, times]
 
   proc toTime(ts: Timespec): times.Time {.inline.} =
     result = initTime(ts.tv_sec.int64, ts.tv_nsec.int)
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ type
 
 const copyFlagSymlink = {cfSymlinkAsIs, cfSymlinkFollow, cfSymlinkIgnore}
 
-proc copyFile*(source, dest: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}) {.rtl,
+proc copyFile*(source, dest: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}; bufferSize = 16_384) {.rtl,
   extern: "nos$1", tags: [ReadDirEffect, ReadIOEffect, WriteIOEffect],
   noWeirdTarget.} =
   ## Copies a file from `source` to `dest`, where `dest.parentDir` must exist.
@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ proc copyFile*(source, dest: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}) {.rtl,
   ## On OSX, `copyfile` C api will be used (available since OSX 10.5) unless
   ## `-d:nimLegacyCopyFile` is used.
   ##
+  ## `copyFile` allows to specify `bufferSize` to improve I/O performance.
+  ##
   ## See also:
   ## * `CopyFlag enum`_
   ## * `copyDir proc`_
@@ -210,8 +212,7 @@ proc copyFile*(source, dest: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}) {.rtl,
   ## * `removeFile proc`_
   ## * `moveFile proc`_
 
-  doAssert card(copyFlagSymlink * options) == 1, "There should be exactly " &
-                                                 "one cfSymlink* in options"
+  doAssert card(copyFlagSymlink * options) == 1, "There should be exactly one cfSymlink* in options"
   let isSymlink = source.symlinkExists
   if isSymlink and (cfSymlinkIgnore in options or defined(windows)):
     return
@@ -238,15 +239,21 @@ proc copyFile*(source, dest: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}) {.rtl,
         if status2 != 0: raiseOSError(osLastError(), $(source, dest))
       else:
         # generic version of copyFile which works for any platform:
-        const bufSize = 8000 # better for memory manager
         var d, s: File
-        if not open(s, source):raiseOSError(osLastError(), source)
+        if not open(s, source): raiseOSError(osLastError(), source)
         if not open(d, dest, fmWrite):
           close(s)
           raiseOSError(osLastError(), dest)
-        var buf = alloc(bufSize)
+
+        # Hints for kernel-level aggressive sequential low-fragmentation read-aheads:
+        # https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_fadvise.html
+        when defined(linux) or defined(osx):
+          discard posix_fadvise(getFileHandle(d), 0.cint, 0.cint, POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL)
+          discard posix_fadvise(getFileHandle(s), 0.cint, 0.cint, POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL)
+
+        var buf = alloc(bufferSize)
         while true:
-          var bytesread = readBuffer(s, buf, bufSize)
+          var bytesread = readBuffer(s, buf, bufferSize)
           if bytesread > 0:
             var byteswritten = writeBuffer(d, buf, bytesread)
             if bytesread != byteswritten:
@@ -254,13 +261,13 @@ proc copyFile*(source, dest: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}) {.rtl,
               close(s)
               close(d)
               raiseOSError(osLastError(), dest)
-          if bytesread != bufSize: break
+          if bytesread != bufferSize: break
         dealloc(buf)
         close(s)
         flushFile(d)
         close(d)
 
-proc copyFileToDir*(source, dir: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow})
+proc copyFileToDir*(source, dir: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow}; bufferSize = 16_384)
   {.noWeirdTarget, since: (1,3,7).} =
   ## Copies a file `source` into directory `dir`, which must exist.
   ##
@@ -268,12 +275,14 @@ proc copyFileToDir*(source, dir: string, options = {cfSymlinkFollow})
   ## if `source` is a symlink, copies the file symlink points to. `options` is
   ## ignored on Windows: symlinks are skipped.
   ##
+  ## `copyFileToDir` allows to specify `bufferSize` to improve I/O performance.
+  ##
   ## See also:
   ## * `CopyFlag enum`_
   ## * `copyFile proc`_
   if dir.len == 0: # treating "" as "." is error prone
     raise newException(ValueError, "dest is empty")
-  copyFile(source, dir / source.lastPathPart, options)
+  copyFile(source, dir / source.lastPathPart, options, bufferSize)
 
 
 proc copyFileWithPermissions*(source, dest: string,
@@ -399,7 +408,7 @@ proc moveFile*(source, dest: string) {.rtl, extern: "nos$1",
       raiseAssert "unreachable"
     else:
       # Fallback to copy & del
-      copyFile(source, dest, {cfSymlinkAsIs})
+      copyFileWithPermissions(source, dest, options={cfSymlinkAsIs})
       try:
         removeFile(source)
       except:
diff --git a/lib/std/private/ospaths2.nim b/lib/std/private/ospaths2.nim
index 421def62b..bc69ff725 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/ospaths2.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/ospaths2.nim
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 include system/inclrtl
 import std/private/since
 
-import strutils, pathnorm
+import std/[strutils, pathnorm]
 import std/oserrors
 
 import oscommon
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ const weirdTarget = defined(nimscript) or defined(js)
 when weirdTarget:
   discard
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix, system/ansi_c
+  import std/posix, system/ansi_c
 else:
   {.error: "OS module not ported to your operating system!".}
 
@@ -254,10 +254,10 @@ proc isAbsolute*(path: string): bool {.rtl, noSideEffect, extern: "nos$1", raise
     result = path[0] != ':'
   elif defined(RISCOS):
     result = path[0] == '$'
-  elif defined(posix) or defined(js):
-    # `or defined(js)` wouldn't be needed pending https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/issues/13469
-    # This works around the problem for posix, but Windows is still broken with nim js -d:nodejs
+  elif defined(posix):
     result = path[0] == '/'
+  elif defined(nodejs):
+    {.emit: [result," = require(\"path\").isAbsolute(",path.cstring,");"].}
   else:
     raiseAssert "unreachable" # if ever hits here, adapt as needed
 
@@ -763,9 +763,9 @@ proc cmpPaths*(pathA, pathB: string): int {.
   ## On a case-sensitive filesystem this is done
   ## case-sensitively otherwise case-insensitively. Returns:
   ##
-  ## | 0 if pathA == pathB
-  ## | < 0 if pathA < pathB
-  ## | > 0 if pathA > pathB
+  ## | `0` if pathA == pathB
+  ## | `< 0` if pathA < pathB
+  ## | `> 0` if pathA > pathB
   runnableExamples:
     when defined(macosx):
       assert cmpPaths("foo", "Foo") == 0
@@ -862,13 +862,13 @@ when not defined(nimscript):
       raiseAssert "use -d:nodejs to have `getCurrentDir` defined"
     elif defined(windows):
       var bufsize = MAX_PATH.int32
-      var res = newWideCString("", bufsize)
+      var res = newWideCString(bufsize)
       while true:
         var L = getCurrentDirectoryW(bufsize, res)
         if L == 0'i32:
           raiseOSError(osLastError())
         elif L > bufsize:
-          res = newWideCString("", L)
+          res = newWideCString(L)
           bufsize = L
         else:
           result = res$L
diff --git a/lib/std/private/ossymlinks.nim b/lib/std/private/ossymlinks.nim
index 18737b8b5..c1760c42e 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/ossymlinks.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/ossymlinks.nim
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
 when weirdTarget:
   discard
 elif defined(windows):
-  import winlean, times
+  import std/[winlean, times]
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 else:
   {.error: "OS module not ported to your operating system!".}
 
@@ -66,11 +66,13 @@ proc expandSymlink*(symlinkPath: string): string {.noWeirdTarget.} =
   when defined(windows) or defined(nintendoswitch):
     result = symlinkPath
   else:
-    result = newString(maxSymlinkLen)
-    var len = readlink(symlinkPath, result.cstring, maxSymlinkLen)
-    if len < 0:
-      raiseOSError(osLastError(), symlinkPath)
-    if len > maxSymlinkLen:
-      result = newString(len+1)
-      len = readlink(symlinkPath, result.cstring, len)
-    setLen(result, len)
+    var bufLen = 1024
+    while true:
+      result = newString(bufLen)
+      let len = readlink(symlinkPath.cstring, result.cstring, bufLen)
+      if len < 0:
+        raiseOSError(osLastError(), symlinkPath)
+      if len < bufLen:
+        result.setLen(len)
+        break
+      bufLen = bufLen shl 1
diff --git a/lib/std/private/syslocks.nim b/lib/std/private/syslocks.nim
index ca8897dc2..e19ec2c04 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/syslocks.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/syslocks.nim
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ when defined(windows):
     Handle = int
 
     SysLock* {.importc: "CRITICAL_SECTION",
-              header: "<windows.h>", final, pure.} = object # CRITICAL_SECTION in WinApi
+              header: "<windows.h>", final, pure, byref.} = object # CRITICAL_SECTION in WinApi
       DebugInfo: pointer
       LockCount: int32
       RecursionCount: int32
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ when defined(windows):
       LockSemaphore: int
       SpinCount: int
 
-    SysCond* {.importc: "RTL_CONDITION_VARIABLE", header: "<windows.h>".} = object
+    SysCond* {.importc: "RTL_CONDITION_VARIABLE", header: "<windows.h>", byref.} = object
       thePtr {.importc: "Ptr".} : Handle
 
   proc initSysLock*(L: var SysLock) {.importc: "InitializeCriticalSection",
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ when defined(windows):
                                     header: "<windows.h>".}
     ## Releases the lock `L`.
 
-  proc deinitSys*(L: var SysLock) {.importc: "DeleteCriticalSection",
+  proc deinitSys*(L: SysLock) {.importc: "DeleteCriticalSection",
                                    header: "<windows.h>".}
 
   proc initializeConditionVariable(
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ when defined(windows):
 
   proc initSysCond*(cond: var SysCond) {.inline.} =
     initializeConditionVariable(cond)
-  proc deinitSysCond*(cond: var SysCond) {.inline.} =
+  proc deinitSysCond*(cond: SysCond) {.inline.} =
     discard
   proc waitSysCond*(cond: var SysCond, lock: var SysLock) =
     discard sleepConditionVariableCS(cond, lock, -1'i32)
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ elif defined(genode):
               header: Header.} = object
 
   proc initSysLock*(L: var SysLock) = discard
-  proc deinitSys*(L: var SysLock) = discard
+  proc deinitSys*(L: SysLock) = discard
   proc acquireSys*(L: var SysLock) {.noSideEffect, importcpp.}
   proc tryAcquireSys*(L: var SysLock): bool {.noSideEffect, importcpp.}
   proc releaseSys*(L: var SysLock) {.noSideEffect, importcpp.}
 
   proc initSysCond*(L: var SysCond) = discard
-  proc deinitSysCond*(L: var SysCond) = discard
+  proc deinitSysCond*(L: SysCond) = discard
   proc waitSysCond*(cond: var SysCond, lock: var SysLock) {.
     noSideEffect, importcpp.}
   proc signalSysCond*(cond: var SysCond) {.
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ else:
   type
     SysLockObj {.importc: "pthread_mutex_t", pure, final,
                header: """#include <sys/types.h>
-                          #include <pthread.h>""".} = object
+                          #include <pthread.h>""", byref.} = object
       when defined(linux) and defined(amd64):
         abi: array[40 div sizeof(clong), clong]
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ else:
 
     SysCondObj {.importc: "pthread_cond_t", pure, final,
                header: """#include <sys/types.h>
-                          #include <pthread.h>""".} = object
+                          #include <pthread.h>""", byref.} = object
       when defined(linux) and defined(amd64):
         abi: array[48 div sizeof(clonglong), clonglong]
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ else:
 
   proc initSysLockAux(L: var SysLockObj, attr: ptr SysLockAttr) {.
     importc: "pthread_mutex_init", header: "<pthread.h>", noSideEffect.}
-  proc deinitSysAux(L: var SysLockObj) {.noSideEffect,
+  proc deinitSysAux(L: SysLockObj) {.noSideEffect,
     importc: "pthread_mutex_destroy", header: "<pthread.h>".}
 
   proc acquireSysAux(L: var SysLockObj) {.noSideEffect,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ else:
       L = cast[SysLock](c_malloc(csize_t(sizeof(SysLockObj))))
       initSysLockAux(L[], attr)
 
-    proc deinitSys*(L: var SysLock) =
+    proc deinitSys*(L: SysLock) =
       deinitSysAux(L[])
       c_free(L)
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ else:
 
     template initSysLock*(L: var SysLock, attr: ptr SysLockAttr = nil) =
       initSysLockAux(L, attr)
-    template deinitSys*(L: var SysLock) =
+    template deinitSys*(L: SysLock) =
       deinitSysAux(L)
     template acquireSys*(L: var SysLock) =
       acquireSysAux(L)
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ else:
   # locks
   proc initSysCondAux(cond: var SysCondObj, cond_attr: ptr SysCondAttr = nil) {.
     importc: "pthread_cond_init", header: "<pthread.h>", noSideEffect.}
-  proc deinitSysCondAux(cond: var SysCondObj) {.noSideEffect,
+  proc deinitSysCondAux(cond: SysCondObj) {.noSideEffect,
     importc: "pthread_cond_destroy", header: "<pthread.h>".}
 
   proc waitSysCondAux(cond: var SysCondObj, lock: var SysLockObj): cint {.
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ else:
       cond = cast[SysCond](c_malloc(csize_t(sizeof(SysCondObj))))
       initSysCondAux(cond[], cond_attr)
 
-    proc deinitSysCond*(cond: var SysCond) =
+    proc deinitSysCond*(cond: SysCond) =
       deinitSysCondAux(cond[])
       c_free(cond)
 
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ else:
   else:
     template initSysCond*(cond: var SysCond, cond_attr: ptr SysCondAttr = nil) =
       initSysCondAux(cond, cond_attr)
-    template deinitSysCond*(cond: var SysCond) =
+    template deinitSysCond*(cond: SysCond) =
       deinitSysCondAux(cond)
 
     template waitSysCond*(cond: var SysCond, lock: var SysLock) =
diff --git a/lib/std/private/underscored_calls.nim b/lib/std/private/underscored_calls.nim
index 8b0392641..f853572b5 100644
--- a/lib/std/private/underscored_calls.nim
+++ b/lib/std/private/underscored_calls.nim
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 ## This is an internal helper module. Do not use.
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 proc underscoredCalls*(result, calls, arg0: NimNode)
 
diff --git a/lib/std/setutils.nim b/lib/std/setutils.nim
index 4664d6dcc..8e7bc6a92 100644
--- a/lib/std/setutils.nim
+++ b/lib/std/setutils.nim
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 ## * `std/packedsets <packedsets.html>`_
 ## * `std/sets <sets.html>`_
 
-import typetraits, macros
+import std/[typetraits, macros]
 
 #[
   type SetElement* = char|byte|bool|int16|uint16|enum|uint8|int8
diff --git a/lib/std/sha1.nim b/lib/std/sha1.nim
index a1a8c4782..213af4229 100644
--- a/lib/std/sha1.nim
+++ b/lib/std/sha1.nim
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ runnableExamples("-r:off"):
 
 {.deprecated: "use command `nimble install checksums` and import `checksums/sha1` instead".}
 
-import strutils
-from endians import bigEndian32, bigEndian64
+import std/strutils
+from std/endians import bigEndian32, bigEndian64
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
diff --git a/lib/std/socketstreams.nim b/lib/std/socketstreams.nim
index 41d46e58a..45e906795 100644
--- a/lib/std/socketstreams.nim
+++ b/lib/std/socketstreams.nim
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 ##   sendStream.write "I" # Throws an error as we can't write into an already sent buffer
 ##   ```
 
-import net, streams
+import std/[net, streams]
 
 type
   ReadSocketStream* = ref ReadSocketStreamObj
diff --git a/lib/std/symlinks.nim b/lib/std/symlinks.nim
index 60487740c..dbe908612 100644
--- a/lib/std/symlinks.nim
+++ b/lib/std/symlinks.nim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## .. importdoc:: os.nim
 
-from paths import Path, ReadDirEffect
+from std/paths import Path, ReadDirEffect
 
 from std/private/ossymlinks import symlinkExists, createSymlink, expandSymlink
 
diff --git a/lib/std/syncio.nim b/lib/std/syncio.nim
index 879301f8a..c34a025af 100644
--- a/lib/std/syncio.nim
+++ b/lib/std/syncio.nim
@@ -151,14 +151,11 @@ proc c_fprintf(f: File, frmt: cstring): cint {.
 proc c_fputc(c: char, f: File): cint {.
   importc: "fputc", header: "<stdio.h>".}
 
-template sysFatal(exc, msg) =
-  raise newException(exc, msg)
-
 proc raiseEIO(msg: string) {.noinline, noreturn.} =
-  sysFatal(IOError, msg)
+  raise newException(IOError, msg)
 
 proc raiseEOF() {.noinline, noreturn.} =
-  sysFatal(EOFError, "EOF reached")
+  raise newException(EOFError, "EOF reached")
 
 proc strerror(errnum: cint): cstring {.importc, header: "<string.h>".}
 
@@ -246,7 +243,7 @@ when defined(windows):
     # machine. We also enable `setConsoleOutputCP(65001)` now by default.
     # But we cannot call printf directly as the string might contain \0.
     # So we have to loop over all the sections separated by potential \0s.
-    var i = c_fprintf(f, "%s", s)
+    var i = int c_fprintf(f, "%s", s)
     while i < s.len:
       if s[i] == '\0':
         let w = c_fputc('\0', f)
@@ -323,7 +320,7 @@ elif defined(windows):
 const
   BufSize = 4000
 
-proc close*(f: File) {.tags: [], gcsafe.} =
+proc close*(f: File) {.tags: [], gcsafe, sideEffect.} =
   ## Closes the file.
   if not f.isNil:
     discard c_fclose(f)
@@ -422,7 +419,7 @@ proc readLine*(f: File, line: var string): bool {.tags: [ReadIOEffect],
     if f.isatty:
       const numberOfCharsToRead = 2048
       var numberOfCharsRead = 0'i32
-      var buffer = newWideCString("", numberOfCharsToRead)
+      var buffer = newWideCString(numberOfCharsToRead)
       if readConsole(getOsFileHandle(f), addr(buffer[0]),
         numberOfCharsToRead, addr(numberOfCharsRead), nil) == 0:
         var error = getLastError()
@@ -651,6 +648,9 @@ const
         ""
     else:
       ""
+  RawFormatOpen: array[FileMode, cstring] = [
+    # used for open by FileHandle, which calls `fdopen`
+    cstring("rb"), "wb", "w+b", "r+b", "ab"]
   FormatOpen: array[FileMode, cstring] = [
     cstring("rb" & NoInheritFlag), "wb" & NoInheritFlag, "w+b" & NoInheritFlag,
     "r+b" & NoInheritFlag, "ab" & NoInheritFlag
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ proc open*(f: var File, filehandle: FileHandle,
         filehandle) else: filehandle
     if not setInheritable(oshandle, false):
       return false
-  f = c_fdopen(filehandle, FormatOpen[mode])
+  f = c_fdopen(filehandle, RawFormatOpen[mode])
   result = f != nil
 
 proc open*(filename: string,
@@ -764,9 +764,9 @@ proc open*(filename: string,
   ##
   ## The file handle associated with the resulting `File` is not inheritable.
   if not open(result, filename, mode, bufSize):
-    sysFatal(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
+    raise newException(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
 
-proc setFilePos*(f: File, pos: int64, relativeTo: FileSeekPos = fspSet) {.benign.} =
+proc setFilePos*(f: File, pos: int64, relativeTo: FileSeekPos = fspSet) {.benign, sideEffect.} =
   ## Sets the position of the file pointer that is used for read/write
   ## operations. The file's first byte has the index zero.
   if c_fseek(f, pos, cint(relativeTo)) != 0:
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ proc readFile*(filename: string): string {.tags: [ReadIOEffect], benign.} =
     finally:
       close(f)
   else:
-    sysFatal(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
+    raise newException(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
 
 proc writeFile*(filename, content: string) {.tags: [WriteIOEffect], benign.} =
   ## Opens a file named `filename` for writing. Then writes the
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ proc writeFile*(filename, content: string) {.tags: [WriteIOEffect], benign.} =
     finally:
       close(f)
   else:
-    sysFatal(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
+    raise newException(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
 
 proc writeFile*(filename: string, content: openArray[byte]) {.since: (1, 1).} =
   ## Opens a file named `filename` for writing. Then writes the
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ proc writeFile*(filename: string, content: openArray[byte]) {.since: (1, 1).} =
   var f: File = nil
   if open(f, filename, fmWrite):
     try:
-      f.writeBuffer(unsafeAddr content[0], content.len)
+      discard f.writeBuffer(unsafeAddr content[0], content.len)
     finally:
       close(f)
   else:
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ proc readLines*(filename: string, n: Natural): seq[string] =
     finally:
       close(f)
   else:
-    sysFatal(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
+    raise newException(IOError, "cannot open: " & filename)
 
 template readLines*(filename: string): seq[
     string] {.deprecated: "use readLines with two arguments".} =
diff --git a/lib/std/sysatomics.nim b/lib/std/sysatomics.nim
index 36a4e5537..2f203b3eb 100644
--- a/lib/std/sysatomics.nim
+++ b/lib/std/sysatomics.nim
@@ -265,6 +265,7 @@ else:
 
 
 proc atomicInc*(memLoc: var int, x: int = 1): int {.inline, discardable, raises: [], tags: [].} =
+  ## Atomically increments the integer by some `x`. It returns the new value.
   when someGcc and hasThreadSupport:
     result = atomicAddFetch(memLoc.addr, x, ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
   elif someVcc and hasThreadSupport:
@@ -275,6 +276,7 @@ proc atomicInc*(memLoc: var int, x: int = 1): int {.inline, discardable, raises:
     result = memLoc
 
 proc atomicDec*(memLoc: var int, x: int = 1): int {.inline, discardable, raises: [], tags: [].} =
+  ## Atomically decrements the integer by some `x`. It returns the new value.
   when someGcc and hasThreadSupport:
     when declared(atomicSubFetch):
       result = atomicSubFetch(memLoc.addr, x, ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ elif someGcc or defined(tcc):
 elif defined(icl):
   proc cpuRelax* {.importc: "_mm_pause", header: "xmmintrin.h".}
 elif false:
-  from os import sleep
+  from std/os import sleep
 
   proc cpuRelax* {.inline.} = os.sleep(1)
 
diff --git a/lib/std/sysrand.nim b/lib/std/sysrand.nim
index 8526336ad..6f2c6b0c1 100644
--- a/lib/std/sysrand.nim
+++ b/lib/std/sysrand.nim
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ when not defined(js):
   import std/oserrors
 
 when defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/assertions
diff --git a/lib/std/tasks.nim b/lib/std/tasks.nim
index 9eb7c97c4..7e59747f5 100644
--- a/lib/std/tasks.nim
+++ b/lib/std/tasks.nim
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ type
 
 proc `=copy`*(x: var Task, y: Task) {.error.}
 
-when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor):
+const arcLike = defined(gcArc) or defined(gcAtomicArc) or defined(gcOrc)
+when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor) and arcLike:
   proc `=destroy`*(t: Task) {.inline, gcsafe.} =
     ## Frees the resources allocated for a `Task`.
     if t.args != nil:
@@ -109,6 +110,19 @@ template addAllNode(assignParam: NimNode, procParam: NimNode) =
   tempAssignList.add newLetStmt(tempNode, newDotExpr(objTemp, formalParams[i][0]))
   scratchRecList.add newIdentDefs(newIdentNode(formalParams[i][0].strVal), assignParam)
 
+proc analyseRootSym(s: NimNode): NimNode =
+  result = s
+  while true:
+    case result.kind
+    of nnkBracketExpr, nnkDerefExpr, nnkHiddenDeref,
+        nnkAddr, nnkHiddenAddr,
+        nnkObjDownConv, nnkObjUpConv:
+      result = result[0]
+    of nnkDotExpr, nnkCheckedFieldExpr, nnkHiddenStdConv, nnkHiddenSubConv:
+      result = result[1]
+    else:
+      break
+
 macro toTask*(e: typed{nkCall | nkInfix | nkPrefix | nkPostfix | nkCommand | nkCallStrLit}): Task =
   ## Converts the call and its arguments to `Task`.
   runnableExamples:
@@ -120,11 +134,14 @@ macro toTask*(e: typed{nkCall | nkInfix | nkPrefix | nkPostfix | nkCommand | nkC
   let retType = getTypeInst(e)
   let returnsVoid = retType.typeKind == ntyVoid
 
+  let rootSym = analyseRootSym(e[0])
+  expectKind rootSym, nnkSym
+
   when compileOption("threads"):
-    if not isGcSafe(e[0]):
+    if not isGcSafe(rootSym):
       error("'toTask' takes a GC safe call expression", e)
 
-  if hasClosure(e[0]):
+  if hasClosure(rootSym):
     error("closure call is not allowed", e)
 
   if e.len > 1:
@@ -208,7 +225,7 @@ macro toTask*(e: typed{nkCall | nkInfix | nkPrefix | nkPostfix | nkCommand | nkC
     let funcCall = newCall(e[0], callNode)
     functionStmtList.add tempAssignList
 
-    let funcName = genSym(nskProc, e[0].strVal)
+    let funcName = genSym(nskProc, rootSym.strVal)
     let destroyName = genSym(nskProc, "destroyScratch")
     let objTemp2 = genSym(ident = "obj")
     let tempNode = quote("@") do:
@@ -240,7 +257,7 @@ macro toTask*(e: typed{nkCall | nkInfix | nkPrefix | nkPostfix | nkCommand | nkC
       Task(callback: `funcName`, args: `scratchIdent`, destroy: `destroyName`)
   else:
     let funcCall = newCall(e[0])
-    let funcName = genSym(nskProc, e[0].strVal)
+    let funcName = genSym(nskProc, rootSym.strVal)
 
     if returnsVoid:
       result = quote do:
diff --git a/lib/std/tempfiles.nim b/lib/std/tempfiles.nim
index 1160aaaad..539305bde 100644
--- a/lib/std/tempfiles.nim
+++ b/lib/std/tempfiles.nim
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ See also:
 * `mkstemp` (posix), refs https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/mkstemp.3.html
 ]#
 
-import os, random
+import std / [os, random]
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const
 
 
 when defined(windows):
-  import winlean
+  import std/winlean
   when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
     import std/widestrs
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ when defined(windows):
   proc close_osfandle(fd: cint): cint {.
     importc: "_close", header: "<io.h>".}
 else:
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
 
   proc c_fdopen(
     filehandle: cint,
diff --git a/lib/std/time_t.nim b/lib/std/time_t.nim
index 7fb6e6d46..de051b135 100644
--- a/lib/std/time_t.nim
+++ b/lib/std/time_t.nim
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ when defined(nimdoc):
       ## Wrapper for `time_t`. On posix, this is an alias to `posix.Time`.
 elif defined(windows):
   when defined(i386) and defined(gcc):
-    type Time* {.importc: "time_t", header: "<time.h>".} = distinct int32
+    type Time* {.importc: "time_t", header: "<time.h>".} = distinct clong
   else:
     # newest version of Visual C++ defines time_t to be of 64 bits
     type Time* {.importc: "time_t", header: "<time.h>".} = distinct int64
 elif defined(posix):
-  import posix
+  import std/posix
   export posix.Time
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/std/typedthreads.nim b/lib/std/typedthreads.nim
index 501a0d0fa..7b0b81968 100644
--- a/lib/std/typedthreads.nim
+++ b/lib/std/typedthreads.nim
@@ -7,33 +7,73 @@
 #    distribution, for details about the copyright.
 #
 
-## Thread support for Nim.
-##
-## Examples
-## ========
-##
-##   ```Nim
-##   import std/locks
-##
-##   var
-##     thr: array[0..4, Thread[tuple[a,b: int]]]
-##     L: Lock
-##
-##   proc threadFunc(interval: tuple[a,b: int]) {.thread.} =
-##     for i in interval.a..interval.b:
-##       acquire(L) # lock stdout
-##       echo i
-##       release(L)
-##
-##   initLock(L)
-##
-##   for i in 0..high(thr):
-##     createThread(thr[i], threadFunc, (i*10, i*10+5))
-##   joinThreads(thr)
-##
-##   deinitLock(L)
-##   ```
-
+##[
+Thread support for Nim. Threads allow multiple functions to execute concurrently.
+ 
+In Nim, threads are a low-level construct and using a library like `malebolgia`, `taskpools` or `weave` is recommended.
+ 
+When creating a thread, you can pass arguments to it. As Nim's garbage collector does not use atomic references, sharing
+`ref` and other variables managed by the garbage collector between threads is not supported.
+Use global variables to do so, or pointers.
+ 
+Memory allocated using [`sharedAlloc`](./system.html#allocShared.t%2CNatural) can be used and shared between threads.
+
+To communicate between threads, consider using [channels](./system.html#Channel)
+
+Examples
+========
+
+```Nim
+import std/locks
+
+var
+  thr: array[0..4, Thread[tuple[a,b: int]]]
+  L: Lock
+
+proc threadFunc(interval: tuple[a,b: int]) {.thread.} =
+  for i in interval.a..interval.b:
+    acquire(L) # lock stdout
+    echo i
+    release(L)
+
+initLock(L)
+
+for i in 0..high(thr):
+  createThread(thr[i], threadFunc, (i*10, i*10+5))
+joinThreads(thr)
+
+deinitLock(L)
+```
+ 
+When using a memory management strategy that supports shared heaps like `arc` or `boehm`,
+you can pass pointer to threads and share memory between them, but the memory must outlive the thread.
+The default memory management strategy, `orc`, supports this.
+The example below is **not valid** for memory management strategies that use local heaps like `refc`!
+
+```Nim
+import locks
+ 
+var l: Lock
+ 
+proc threadFunc(obj: ptr seq[int]) {.thread.} =
+  withLock l:
+    for i in 0..<100:
+      obj[].add(obj[].len * obj[].len)
+ 
+proc threadHandler() =
+  var thr: array[0..4, Thread[ptr seq[int]]]
+  var s = newSeq[int]()
+    
+  for i in 0..high(thr):
+    createThread(thr[i], threadFunc, s.addr)
+  joinThreads(thr)
+  echo s
+ 
+initLock(l)
+threadHandler()
+deinitLock(l)
+```
+]##
 
 
 import std/private/[threadtypes]
diff --git a/lib/std/varints.nim b/lib/std/varints.nim
index 0d18b9069..32fe2fffb 100644
--- a/lib/std/varints.nim
+++ b/lib/std/varints.nim
@@ -82,29 +82,29 @@ proc writeVu64*(z: var openArray[byte], x: uint64): int =
       z[3] = cast[uint8](y)
       return 4
     z[0] = 251
-    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 1, z.high-1), y)
+    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 1, 4), y)
     return 5
   if w <= 255:
     z[0] = 252
     z[1] = cast[uint8](w)
-    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 2, z.high-2), y)
+    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 2, 5), y)
     return 6
   if w <= 65535:
     z[0] = 253
     z[1] = cast[uint8](w shr 8)
     z[2] = cast[uint8](w)
-    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 3, z.high-3), y)
+    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 3, 6), y)
     return 7
   if w <= 16777215:
     z[0] = 254
     z[1] = cast[uint8](w shr 16)
     z[2] = cast[uint8](w shr 8)
     z[3] = cast[uint8](w)
-    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 4, z.high-4), y)
+    varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 4, 7), y)
     return 8
   z[0] = 255
-  varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 1, z.high-1), w)
-  varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 5, z.high-5), y)
+  varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 1, 4), w)
+  varintWrite32(toOpenArray(z, 5, 8), y)
   return 9
 
 proc sar(a, b: int64): int64 =
diff --git a/lib/std/widestrs.nim b/lib/std/widestrs.nim
index 0bf50be45..2ddf80d14 100644
--- a/lib/std/widestrs.nim
+++ b/lib/std/widestrs.nim
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ when not (defined(cpu16) or defined(cpu8)):
         bytes: int
         data: WideCString
 
-    when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor):
+    const arcLike = defined(gcArc) or defined(gcAtomicArc) or defined(gcOrc)
+    when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor) and arcLike:
       proc `=destroy`(a: WideCStringObj) =
         if a.data != nil:
           when compileOption("threads"):
@@ -154,6 +155,7 @@ when not (defined(cpu16) or defined(cpu8)):
     createWide(result, size * 2 + 2)
 
   proc newWideCString*(source: cstring, L: int): WideCStringObj =
+    ## Warning:: `source` needs to be preallocated with the length `L`
     createWide(result, L * 2 + 2)
     var d = 0
     for ch in runes(source, L):
diff --git a/lib/std/with.nim b/lib/std/with.nim
index 8043a0b8a..c2eaa4bef 100644
--- a/lib/std/with.nim
+++ b/lib/std/with.nim
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 ##
 ## **Since:** version 1.2.
 
-import macros, private / underscored_calls
+import std/[macros, private / underscored_calls]
 
 macro with*(arg: typed; calls: varargs[untyped]): untyped =
   ## This macro provides `chaining`:idx: of function calls.
diff --git a/lib/std/wordwrap.nim b/lib/std/wordwrap.nim
index 7dcfc7f59..9333f880b 100644
--- a/lib/std/wordwrap.nim
+++ b/lib/std/wordwrap.nim
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 ## This module contains an algorithm to wordwrap a Unicode string.
 
-import strutils, unicode
+import std/[strutils, unicode]
 
 proc olen(s: string; start, lastExclusive: int): int =
   var i = start
diff --git a/lib/std/wrapnils.nim b/lib/std/wrapnils.nim
index 235638134..0b75c270e 100644
--- a/lib/std/wrapnils.nim
+++ b/lib/std/wrapnils.nim
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ consider handling indexing operations, eg:
 doAssert ?.default(seq[int])[3] == default(int)
 ]#
 
-import macros
+import std/macros
 
 runnableExamples:
   type Foo = ref object
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ macro `?.`*(a: typed): auto =
     `lhs`
 
 # the code below is not needed for `?.`
-from options import Option, isSome, get, option, unsafeGet, UnpackDefect
+from std/options import Option, isSome, get, option, unsafeGet, UnpackDefect
 
 macro `??.`*(a: typed): Option =
   ## Same as `?.` but returns an `Option`.
diff --git a/lib/system.nim b/lib/system.nim
index c3cad4f71..2f9cdc5f9 100644
--- a/lib/system.nim
+++ b/lib/system.nim
@@ -125,9 +125,6 @@ proc unsafeAddr*[T](x: T): ptr T {.magic: "Addr", noSideEffect.} =
 
 const ThisIsSystem = true
 
-proc internalNew*[T](a: var ref T) {.magic: "New", noSideEffect.}
-  ## Leaked implementation detail. Do not use.
-
 proc new*[T](a: var ref T, finalizer: proc (x: ref T) {.nimcall.}) {.
   magic: "NewFinalize", noSideEffect.}
   ## Creates a new object of type `T` and returns a safe (traced)
@@ -161,9 +158,11 @@ when defined(nimHasEnsureMove):
     ## Ensures that `x` is moved to the new location, otherwise it gives
     ## an error at the compile time.
     runnableExamples:
-      var x = "Hello"
-      let y = ensureMove(x)
-      doAssert y == "Hello"
+      proc foo =
+        var x = "Hello"
+        let y = ensureMove(x)
+        doAssert y == "Hello"
+      foo()
     discard "implemented in injectdestructors"
 
 type
@@ -366,19 +365,24 @@ proc arrPut[I: Ordinal;T,S](a: T; i: I;
 const arcLikeMem = defined(gcArc) or defined(gcAtomicArc) or defined(gcOrc)
 
 
-when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor) and arcLikeMem:
-  proc `=destroy`*(x: string) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
+when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor) and arcLikeMem and defined(nimPreviewNonVarDestructor):
+  proc `=destroy`*[T](x: T) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
+    ## Generic `destructor`:idx: implementation that can be overridden.
     discard
-
-  proc `=destroy`*[T](x: seq[T]) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
+else:
+  proc `=destroy`*[T](x: var T) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
+    ## Generic `destructor`:idx: implementation that can be overridden.
     discard
 
-  proc `=destroy`*[T](x: ref T) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
-    discard
+  when defined(nimAllowNonVarDestructor) and arcLikeMem:
+    proc `=destroy`*(x: string) {.inline, magic: "Destroy", enforceNoRaises.} =
+      discard
 
-proc `=destroy`*[T](x: var T) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
-  ## Generic `destructor`:idx: implementation that can be overridden.
-  discard
+    proc `=destroy`*[T](x: seq[T]) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
+      discard
+
+    proc `=destroy`*[T](x: ref T) {.inline, magic: "Destroy".} =
+      discard
 
 when defined(nimHasDup):
   proc `=dup`*[T](x: T): T {.inline, magic: "Dup".} =
@@ -457,10 +461,6 @@ when not defined(js) and not defined(nimSeqsV2):
       data: UncheckedArray[char]
     NimString = ptr NimStringDesc
 
-when notJSnotNims and not defined(nimSeqsV2):
-  template space(s: PGenericSeq): int {.dirty.} =
-    s.reserved and not (seqShallowFlag or strlitFlag)
-
 when notJSnotNims:
   include "system/hti"
 
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ proc newSeq*[T](len = 0.Natural): seq[T] =
   ##
   ## See also:
   ## * `newSeqOfCap <#newSeqOfCap,Natural>`_
-  ## * `newSeqUninitialized <#newSeqUninitialized,Natural>`_
+  ## * `newSeqUninit <#newSeqUninit,Natural>`_
   newSeq(result, len)
 
 proc newSeqOfCap*[T](cap: Natural): seq[T] {.
@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ proc reset*[T](obj: var T) {.noSideEffect.} =
       obj = default(typeof(obj))
 
 proc setLen*[T](s: var seq[T], newlen: Natural) {.
-  magic: "SetLengthSeq", noSideEffect.}
+  magic: "SetLengthSeq", noSideEffect, nodestroy.}
   ## Sets the length of seq `s` to `newlen`. `T` may be any sequence type.
   ##
   ## If the current length is greater than the new length,
@@ -1037,7 +1037,7 @@ const
     ## Possible values:
     ## `"i386"`, `"alpha"`, `"powerpc"`, `"powerpc64"`, `"powerpc64el"`,
     ## `"sparc"`, `"amd64"`, `"mips"`, `"mipsel"`, `"arm"`, `"arm64"`,
-    ## `"mips64"`, `"mips64el"`, `"riscv32"`, `"riscv64"`, '"loongarch64"'.
+    ## `"mips64"`, `"mips64el"`, `"riscv32"`, `"riscv64"`, `"loongarch64"`.
 
   seqShallowFlag = low(int)
   strlitFlag = 1 shl (sizeof(int)*8 - 2) # later versions of the codegen \
@@ -1048,6 +1048,10 @@ const
   hasThreadSupport = compileOption("threads") and not defined(nimscript)
   hasSharedHeap = defined(boehmgc) or defined(gogc) # don't share heaps; every thread has its own
 
+when notJSnotNims and not defined(nimSeqsV2):
+  template space(s: PGenericSeq): int =
+    s.reserved and not (seqShallowFlag or strlitFlag)
+
 when hasThreadSupport and defined(tcc) and not compileOption("tlsEmulation"):
   # tcc doesn't support TLS
   {.error: "`--tlsEmulation:on` must be used when using threads with tcc backend".}
@@ -1117,8 +1121,6 @@ template sysAssert(cond: bool, msg: string) =
 
 const hasAlloc = (hostOS != "standalone" or not defined(nogc)) and not defined(nimscript)
 
-when notJSnotNims and hostOS != "standalone" and hostOS != "any":
-  include "system/cgprocs"
 when notJSnotNims and hasAlloc and not defined(nimSeqsV2):
   proc addChar(s: NimString, c: char): NimString {.compilerproc, benign.}
 
@@ -1431,7 +1433,6 @@ proc isNil*[T: proc | iterator {.closure.}](x: T): bool {.noSideEffect, magic: "
   ## Fast check whether `x` is nil. This is sometimes more efficient than
   ## `== nil`.
 
-
 when defined(nimHasTopDownInference):
   # magic used for seq type inference
   proc `@`*[T](a: openArray[T]): seq[T] {.magic: "OpenArrayToSeq".} =
@@ -1604,14 +1605,30 @@ when not defined(js) and defined(nimV2):
       traceImpl: pointer
       typeInfoV1: pointer # for backwards compat, usually nil
       flags: int
+      when defined(gcDestructors):
+        when defined(cpp):
+          vTable: ptr UncheckedArray[pointer] # vtable for types
+        else:
+          vTable: UncheckedArray[pointer] # vtable for types
     PNimTypeV2 = ptr TNimTypeV2
 
+proc supportsCopyMem(t: typedesc): bool {.magic: "TypeTrait".}
+
 when notJSnotNims and defined(nimSeqsV2):
   include "system/strs_v2"
   include "system/seqs_v2"
 
 when not defined(js):
-  proc newSeqUninitialized*[T: SomeNumber](len: Natural): seq[T] =
+  template newSeqImpl(T, len) =
+    result = newSeqOfCap[T](len)
+    {.cast(noSideEffect).}:
+      when defined(nimSeqsV2):
+        cast[ptr int](addr result)[] = len
+      else:
+        var s = cast[PGenericSeq](result)
+        s.len = len
+
+  proc newSeqUninitialized*[T: SomeNumber](len: Natural): seq[T] {.deprecated: "Use `newSeqUninit` instead".} =
     ## Creates a new sequence of type `seq[T]` with length `len`.
     ##
     ## Only available for numbers types. Note that the sequence will be
@@ -1630,6 +1647,26 @@ when not defined(js):
       var s = cast[PGenericSeq](result)
       s.len = len
 
+  func newSeqUninit*[T](len: Natural): seq[T] =
+    ## Creates a new sequence of type `seq[T]` with length `len`.
+    ##
+    ## Only available for types, which don't contain
+    ## managed memory or have destructors.
+    ## Note that the sequence will be uninitialized.
+    ## After the creation of the sequence you should assign
+    ## entries to the sequence instead of adding them.
+    runnableExamples:
+      var x = newSeqUninit[int](3)
+      assert len(x) == 3
+      x[0] = 10
+    when supportsCopyMem(T):
+      when nimvm:
+        result = newSeq[T](len)
+      else:
+        newSeqImpl(T, len)
+    else:
+      {.error: "The type T cannot contain managed memory or have destructors".}
+
   proc newStringUninit*(len: Natural): string =
     ## Returns a new string of length `len` but with uninitialized
     ## content. One needs to fill the string character after character
@@ -1637,12 +1674,22 @@ when not defined(js):
     ##
     ## This procedure exists only for optimization purposes;
     ## the same effect can be achieved with the `&` operator or with `add`.
-    result = newStringOfCap(len)
-    when defined(nimSeqsV2):
-      cast[ptr int](addr result)[] = len
+    when nimvm:
+      result = newString(len)
     else:
-      var s = cast[PGenericSeq](result)
-      s.len = len
+      result = newStringOfCap(len)
+      when defined(nimSeqsV2):
+        let s = cast[ptr NimStringV2](addr result)
+        if len > 0:
+          s.len = len
+          s.p.data[len] = '\0'
+      else:
+        let s = cast[NimString](result)
+        s.len = len
+        s.data[len] = '\0'
+else:
+  proc newStringUninit*(len: Natural): string {.
+    magic: "NewString", importc: "mnewString", noSideEffect.}
 
 {.pop.}
 
@@ -1655,8 +1702,24 @@ when not defined(nimscript):
 when not declared(sysFatal):
   include "system/fatal"
 
+type
+  PFrame* = ptr TFrame  ## Represents a runtime frame of the call stack;
+                        ## part of the debugger API.
+  # keep in sync with nimbase.h `struct TFrame_`
+  TFrame* {.importc, nodecl, final.} = object ## The frame itself.
+    prev*: PFrame       ## Previous frame; used for chaining the call stack.
+    procname*: cstring  ## Name of the proc that is currently executing.
+    line*: int          ## Line number of the proc that is currently executing.
+    filename*: cstring  ## Filename of the proc that is currently executing.
+    len*: int16         ## Length of the inspectable slots.
+    calldepth*: int16   ## Used for max call depth checking.
+    when NimStackTraceMsgs:
+      frameMsgLen*: int   ## end position in frameMsgBuf for this frame.
 
 when defined(nimV2):
+  var
+    framePtr {.threadvar.}: PFrame
+
   include system/arc
 
 template newException*(exceptn: typedesc, message: string;
@@ -1801,20 +1864,6 @@ when notJSnotNims:
       ## writes an error message and terminates the program, except when
       ## using `--os:any`
 
-type
-  PFrame* = ptr TFrame  ## Represents a runtime frame of the call stack;
-                        ## part of the debugger API.
-  # keep in sync with nimbase.h `struct TFrame_`
-  TFrame* {.importc, nodecl, final.} = object ## The frame itself.
-    prev*: PFrame       ## Previous frame; used for chaining the call stack.
-    procname*: cstring  ## Name of the proc that is currently executing.
-    line*: int          ## Line number of the proc that is currently executing.
-    filename*: cstring  ## Filename of the proc that is currently executing.
-    len*: int16         ## Length of the inspectable slots.
-    calldepth*: int16   ## Used for max call depth checking.
-    when NimStackTraceMsgs:
-      frameMsgLen*: int   ## end position in frameMsgBuf for this frame.
-
 when defined(js) or defined(nimdoc):
   proc add*(x: var string, y: cstring) {.asmNoStackFrame.} =
     ## Appends `y` to `x` in place.
@@ -1823,14 +1872,14 @@ when defined(js) or defined(nimdoc):
       tmp.add(cstring("ab"))
       tmp.add(cstring("cd"))
       doAssert tmp == "abcd"
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       if (`x` === null) { `x` = []; }
       var off = `x`.length;
       `x`.length += `y`.length;
       for (var i = 0; i < `y`.length; ++i) {
         `x`[off+i] = `y`.charCodeAt(i);
       }
-    """
+    """.}
   proc add*(x: var cstring, y: cstring) {.magic: "AppendStrStr".} =
     ## Appends `y` to `x` in place.
     ## Only implemented for JS backend.
@@ -1946,15 +1995,11 @@ when defined(nimAuditDelete):
 else:
   {.pragma: auditDelete.}
 
-proc delete*[T](x: var seq[T], i: Natural) {.noSideEffect, auditDelete.} =
+proc delete*[T](x: var seq[T], i: Natural) {.noSideEffect, systemRaisesDefect, auditDelete.} =
   ## Deletes the item at index `i` by moving all `x[i+1..^1]` items by one position.
   ##
   ## This is an `O(n)` operation.
   ##
-  ## .. note:: With `-d:nimStrictDelete`, an index error is produced when the index passed
-  ##    to it was out of bounds. `-d:nimStrictDelete` will become the default
-  ##    in upcoming versions.
-  ##
   ## See also:
   ## * `del <#del,seq[T],Natural>`_ for O(1) operation
   ##
@@ -1963,7 +2008,7 @@ proc delete*[T](x: var seq[T], i: Natural) {.noSideEffect, auditDelete.} =
     s.delete(2)
     doAssert s == @[1, 2, 4, 5]
 
-  when defined(nimStrictDelete):
+  when not defined(nimAuditDelete):
     if i > high(x):
       # xxx this should call `raiseIndexError2(i, high(x))` after some refactoring
       raise (ref IndexDefect)(msg: "index out of bounds: '" & $i & "' < '" & $x.len & "' failed")
@@ -2040,7 +2085,8 @@ when notJSnotNims:
   proc cmpMem(a, b: pointer, size: Natural): int =
     nimCmpMem(a, b, size).int
 
-when not defined(js):
+when not defined(js) or defined(nimscript):
+  # nimscript can be defined if config file for js compilation
   proc cmp(x, y: string): int =
     when nimvm:
       if x < y: result = -1
@@ -2057,12 +2103,14 @@ when not defined(js):
     proc cstringArrayToSeq*(a: cstringArray, len: Natural): seq[string] =
       ## Converts a `cstringArray` to a `seq[string]`. `a` is supposed to be
       ## of length `len`.
+      if a == nil: return @[]
       newSeq(result, len)
       for i in 0..len-1: result[i] = $a[i]
 
     proc cstringArrayToSeq*(a: cstringArray): seq[string] =
       ## Converts a `cstringArray` to a `seq[string]`. `a` is supposed to be
       ## terminated by `nil`.
+      if a == nil: return @[]
       var L = 0
       while a[L] != nil: inc(L)
       result = cstringArrayToSeq(a, L)
@@ -2087,7 +2135,7 @@ when not defined(js) and declared(alloc0) and declared(dealloc):
       inc(i)
     dealloc(a)
 
-when notJSnotNims:
+when notJSnotNims and not gotoBasedExceptions:
   type
     PSafePoint = ptr TSafePoint
     TSafePoint {.compilerproc, final.} = object
@@ -2162,6 +2210,16 @@ when not defined(js):
 
 when notJSnotNims:
   when hostOS != "standalone" and hostOS != "any":
+    type
+      LibHandle = pointer       # private type
+      ProcAddr = pointer        # library loading and loading of procs:
+
+    proc nimLoadLibrary(path: string): LibHandle {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
+    proc nimUnloadLibrary(lib: LibHandle) {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
+    proc nimGetProcAddr(lib: LibHandle, name: cstring): ProcAddr {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
+
+    proc nimLoadLibraryError(path: string) {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
+
     include "system/dyncalls"
 
   import system/countbits_impl
@@ -2246,25 +2304,61 @@ when notJSnotNims:
 
   proc rawProc*[T: proc {.closure.} | iterator {.closure.}](x: T): pointer {.noSideEffect, inline.} =
     ## Retrieves the raw proc pointer of the closure `x`. This is
-    ## useful for interfacing closures with C/C++, hash compuations, etc.
+    ## useful for interfacing closures with C/C++, hash computations, etc.
+    ## If `rawEnv(x)` returns `nil`, the proc which the result points to
+    ## takes as many parameters as `x`, but with `{.nimcall.}` as its calling
+    ## convention instead of `{.closure.}`, otherwise it takes one more parameter
+    ## which is a `pointer`, and it still has `{.nimcall.}` as its calling convention.
+    ## To invoke the resulted proc, what this returns has to be casted into a `proc`,
+    ## not a `ptr proc`, and, in a case where `rawEnv(x)` returns non-`nil`,
+    ## the last and additional argument has to be the result of `rawEnv(x)`.
+    ## This is not available for the JS target.
     #[
     The conversion from function pointer to `void*` is a tricky topic, but this
     should work at least for c++ >= c++11, e.g. for `dlsym` support.
     refs: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=57869,
     https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14125474/casts-between-pointer-to-function-and-pointer-to-object-in-c-and-c
     ]#
+    runnableExamples:
+      proc makeClosure(x: int): (proc(y: int): int) =
+        var n = x
+        result = (
+          proc(y: int): int =
+            n += y
+            return n
+        )
+
+      var
+        c1 = makeClosure(10)
+        e = c1.rawEnv()
+        p = c1.rawProc()
+
+      if e.isNil():
+        let c2 = cast[proc(y: int): int {.nimcall.}](p)
+        echo c2(2)
+      else:
+        let c3 = cast[proc(y: int; env: pointer): int {.nimcall.}](p)
+        echo c3(3, e)
+
     {.emit: """
     `result` = (void*)`x`.ClP_0;
     """.}
 
   proc rawEnv*[T: proc {.closure.} | iterator {.closure.}](x: T): pointer {.noSideEffect, inline.} =
     ## Retrieves the raw environment pointer of the closure `x`. See also `rawProc`.
+    ## This is not available for the JS target.
     {.emit: """
     `result` = `x`.ClE_0;
     """.}
 
-  proc finished*[T: iterator {.closure.}](x: T): bool {.noSideEffect, inline, magic: "Finished".} =
-    ## It can be used to determine if a first class iterator has finished.
+proc finished*[T: iterator {.closure.}](x: T): bool {.noSideEffect, inline, magic: "Finished".} =
+  ## It can be used to determine if a first class iterator has finished.
+  when defined(js):
+    # TODO: mangle `:state`
+    {.emit: """
+    `result` = (`x`.ClE_0).HEX3Astate < 0;
+    """.}
+  else:
     {.emit: """
     `result` = ((NI*) `x`.ClE_0)[1] < 0;
     """.}
@@ -2272,7 +2366,8 @@ when notJSnotNims:
 from std/private/digitsutils import addInt
 export addInt
 
-when defined(js):
+when defined(js) and not defined(nimscript):
+  # nimscript can be defined if config file for js compilation
   include "system/jssys"
   include "system/reprjs"
 
@@ -2436,6 +2531,8 @@ when hasAlloc or defined(nimscript):
     ##   var a = "abc"
     ##   a.insert("zz", 0) # a <- "zzabc"
     ##   ```
+    if item.len == 0: # prevents self-assignment
+      return
     var xl = x.len
     setLen(x, xl+item.len)
     var j = xl-1
@@ -2605,7 +2702,7 @@ proc `==`*(x, y: cstring): bool {.magic: "EqCString", noSideEffect,
   proc strcmp(a, b: cstring): cint {.noSideEffect,
     importc, header: "<string.h>".}
   if pointer(x) == pointer(y): result = true
-  elif x.isNil or y.isNil: result = false
+  elif pointer(x) == nil or pointer(y) == nil: result = false
   else: result = strcmp(x, y) == 0
 
 template closureScope*(body: untyped): untyped =
@@ -2701,6 +2798,18 @@ when not defined(js):
 
 proc toOpenArray*[T](x: seq[T]; first, last: int): openArray[T] {.
   magic: "Slice".}
+  ## Allows passing the slice of `x` from the element at `first` to the element
+  ## at `last` to `openArray[T]` parameters without copying it.
+  ##
+  ## Example:
+  ##   ```nim
+  ##   proc test(x: openArray[int]) =
+  ##     doAssert x == [1, 2, 3]
+  ##
+  ##   let s = @[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+  ##   s.toOpenArray(1, 3).test
+  ##   ```
+
 proc toOpenArray*[T](x: openArray[T]; first, last: int): openArray[T] {.
   magic: "Slice".}
 proc toOpenArray*[I, T](x: array[I, T]; first, last: I): openArray[T] {.
@@ -2715,6 +2824,9 @@ proc toOpenArrayByte*(x: openArray[char]; first, last: int): openArray[byte] {.
 proc toOpenArrayByte*(x: seq[char]; first, last: int): openArray[byte] {.
   magic: "Slice".}
 
+proc toOpenArrayChar*(x: openArray[byte]; first, last: int): openArray[char] {.
+  magic: "Slice".}
+
 when defined(genode):
   var componentConstructHook*: proc (env: GenodeEnv) {.nimcall.}
     ## Hook into the Genode component bootstrap process.
@@ -2758,7 +2870,7 @@ when notJSnotNims:
                     hostOS != "any"
 
   proc raiseEIO(msg: string) {.noinline, noreturn.} =
-    sysFatal(IOError, msg)
+    raise newException(IOError, msg)
 
   proc echoBinSafe(args: openArray[string]) {.compilerproc.} =
     when defined(androidNDK):
@@ -2788,7 +2900,7 @@ when notJSnotNims:
             # machine. We also enable `setConsoleOutputCP(65001)` now by default.
             # But we cannot call printf directly as the string might contain \0.
             # So we have to loop over all the sections separated by potential \0s.
-            var i = c_fprintf(f, "%s", s)
+            var i = int c_fprintf(f, "%s", s)
             while i < s.len:
               if s[i] == '\0':
                 let w = c_fputc('\0', f)
@@ -2839,4 +2951,5 @@ proc arrayWith*[T](y: T, size: static int): array[size, T] {.raises: [].} =
     when nimvm:
       result[i] = y
     else:
-      result[i] = `=dup`(y)
+      # TODO: fixme it should be `=dup`
+      result[i] = y
diff --git a/lib/system/alloc.nim b/lib/system/alloc.nim
index edb094f33..3de6d8713 100644
--- a/lib/system/alloc.nim
+++ b/lib/system/alloc.nim
@@ -20,6 +20,37 @@ template track(op, address, size) =
 
 # We manage *chunks* of memory. Each chunk is a multiple of the page size.
 # Each chunk starts at an address that is divisible by the page size.
+# Small chunks may be divided into smaller cells of reusable pointers to reduce the number of page allocations.
+
+# An allocation of a small pointer looks approximately like this
+#[
+
+  alloc -> rawAlloc -> No free chunk available > Request a new page from tslf -> result = chunk.data -------------+
+              |                                                                                                   |
+              v                                                                                                   |
+    Free chunk available                                                                                          |
+              |                                                                                                   |
+              v                                                                                                   v
+      Fetch shared cells -> No free cells available -> Advance acc -> result = chunk.data + chunk.acc -------> return
+    (may not add new cells)                                                                                       ^
+              |                                                                                                   |
+              v                                                                                                   |
+     Free cells available -> result = chunk.freeList -> Advance chunk.freeList -----------------------------------+
+]#
+# so it is split into 3 paths, where the last path is preferred to prevent unnecessary allocations.
+#
+#
+# A deallocation of a small pointer then looks like this
+#[
+  dealloc -> rawDealloc -> chunk.owner == addr(a) --------------> This thread owns the chunk ------> The current chunk is active    -> Chunk is completely unused -----> Chunk references no foreign cells
+                                      |                                       |                   (Add cell into the current chunk)                 |                  Return the current chunk back to tlsf
+                                      |                                       |                                   |                                 |
+                                      v                                       v                                   v                                 v
+                      A different thread owns this chunk.     The current chunk is not active.          chunk.free was < size      Chunk references foreign cells, noop
+                      Add the cell to a.sharedFreeLists      Add the cell into the active chunk          Activate the chunk                       (end)
+                                    (end)                                    (end)                              (end)
+]#
+# So "true" deallocation is delayed for as long as possible in favor of reusing cells.
 
 const
   nimMinHeapPages {.intdefine.} = 128 # 0.5 MB
@@ -71,6 +102,8 @@ const
 
 type
   FreeCell {.final, pure.} = object
+    # A free cell is a pointer that has been freed, meaning it became available for reuse.
+    # It may become foreign if it is lent to a chunk that did not create it, doing so reduces the amount of needed pages.
     next: ptr FreeCell  # next free cell in chunk (overlaid with refcount)
     when not defined(gcDestructors):
       zeroField: int       # 0 means cell is not used (overlaid with typ field)
@@ -90,11 +123,18 @@ type
 
   SmallChunk = object of BaseChunk
     next, prev: PSmallChunk  # chunks of the same size
-    freeList: ptr FreeCell
-    free: int            # how many bytes remain
-    acc: int             # accumulator for small object allocation
-    when defined(gcDestructors):
-      sharedFreeList: ptr FreeCell # make no attempt at avoiding false sharing for now for this object field
+    freeList: ptr FreeCell   # Singly linked list of cells. They may be from foreign chunks or from the current chunk.
+                             #  Should be `nil` when the chunk isn't active in `a.freeSmallChunks`.
+    free: int32              # Bytes this chunk is able to provide using both the accumulator and free cells.
+                             # When a cell is considered foreign, its source chunk's free field is NOT adjusted until it
+                             #  reaches dealloc while the source chunk is active.
+                             # Instead, the receiving chunk gains the capacity and thus reserves space in the foreign chunk.
+    acc: uint32              # Offset from data, used when there are no free cells available but the chunk is considered free.
+    foreignCells: int        # When a free cell is given to a chunk that is not its origin,
+                             #  both the cell and the source chunk are considered foreign.
+                             # Receiving a foreign cell can happen both when deallocating from another thread or when
+                             #  the active chunk in `a.freeSmallChunks` is not the current chunk.
+                             # Freeing a chunk while `foreignCells > 0` leaks memory as all references to it become lost.
     data {.align: MemAlign.}: UncheckedArray[byte]      # start of usable memory
 
   BigChunk = object of BaseChunk # not necessarily > PageSize!
@@ -109,7 +149,12 @@ type
   MemRegion = object
     when not defined(gcDestructors):
       minLargeObj, maxLargeObj: int
-    freeSmallChunks: array[0..max(1,SmallChunkSize div MemAlign-1), PSmallChunk]
+    freeSmallChunks: array[0..max(1, SmallChunkSize div MemAlign-1), PSmallChunk]
+      # List of available chunks per size class. Only one is expected to be active per class.
+    when defined(gcDestructors):
+      sharedFreeLists: array[0..max(1, SmallChunkSize div MemAlign-1), ptr FreeCell]
+        # When a thread frees a pointer it did not create, it must not adjust the counters.
+        # Instead, the cell is placed here and deferred until the next allocation.
     flBitmap: uint32
     slBitmap: array[RealFli, uint32]
     matrix: array[RealFli, array[MaxSli, PBigChunk]]
@@ -334,7 +379,7 @@ when not defined(gcDestructors):
     n.link[0] = a.freeAvlNodes
     a.freeAvlNodes = n
 
-proc addHeapLink(a: var MemRegion; p: PBigChunk, size: int) =
+proc addHeapLink(a: var MemRegion; p: PBigChunk, size: int): ptr HeapLinks =
   var it = addr(a.heapLinks)
   while it != nil and it.len >= it.chunks.len: it = it.next
   if it == nil:
@@ -343,10 +388,12 @@ proc addHeapLink(a: var MemRegion; p: PBigChunk, size: int) =
     a.heapLinks.next = n
     n.chunks[0] = (p, size)
     n.len = 1
+    result = n
   else:
     let L = it.len
     it.chunks[L] = (p, size)
     inc it.len
+    result = it
 
 when not defined(gcDestructors):
   include "system/avltree"
@@ -431,7 +478,7 @@ iterator allObjects(m: var MemRegion): pointer {.inline.} =
 
           let size = c.size
           var a = cast[int](addr(c.data))
-          let limit = a + c.acc
+          let limit = a + c.acc.int
           while a <% limit:
             yield cast[pointer](a)
             a = a +% size
@@ -490,10 +537,10 @@ proc requestOsChunks(a: var MemRegion, size: int): PBigChunk =
 
   incCurrMem(a, size)
   inc(a.freeMem, size)
-  a.addHeapLink(result, size)
+  let heapLink = a.addHeapLink(result, size)
   when defined(debugHeapLinks):
     cprintf("owner: %p; result: %p; next pointer %p; size: %ld\n", addr(a),
-      result, result.heapLink, result.size)
+      result, heapLink, size)
 
   when defined(memtracker):
     trackLocation(addr result.size, sizeof(int))
@@ -775,41 +822,42 @@ when defined(gcDestructors):
     sysAssert c.next == nil, "c.next pointer must be nil"
     atomicPrepend a.sharedFreeListBigChunks, c
 
-  proc addToSharedFreeList(c: PSmallChunk; f: ptr FreeCell) {.inline.} =
-    atomicPrepend c.sharedFreeList, f
+  proc addToSharedFreeList(c: PSmallChunk; f: ptr FreeCell; size: int) {.inline.} =
+    atomicPrepend c.owner.sharedFreeLists[size], f
+
+  const MaxSteps = 20
 
   proc compensateCounters(a: var MemRegion; c: PSmallChunk; size: int) =
     # rawDealloc did NOT do the usual:
     # `inc(c.free, size); dec(a.occ, size)` because it wasn't the owner of these
     # memory locations. We have to compensate here for these for the entire list.
-    # Well, not for the entire list, but for `max` elements of the list because
-    # we split the list in order to achieve bounded response times.
     var it = c.freeList
-    var x = 0
-    var maxIters = 20 # make it time-bounded
+    var total = 0
     while it != nil:
-      if maxIters == 0:
-        let rest = it.next.loada
-        if rest != nil:
-          it.next.storea nil
-          addToSharedFreeList(c, rest)
-        break
-      inc x, size
-      it = it.next.loada
-      dec maxIters
-    inc(c.free, x)
-    dec(a.occ, x)
+      inc total, size
+      let chunk = cast[PSmallChunk](pageAddr(it))
+      if c != chunk:
+        # The cell is foreign, potentially even from a foreign thread.
+        # It must block the current chunk from being freed, as doing so would leak memory.
+        inc c.foreignCells
+      it = it.next
+    # By not adjusting the foreign chunk we reserve space in it to prevent deallocation
+    inc(c.free, total)
+    dec(a.occ, total)
 
   proc freeDeferredObjects(a: var MemRegion; root: PBigChunk) =
     var it = root
-    var maxIters = 20 # make it time-bounded
+    var maxIters = MaxSteps # make it time-bounded
     while true:
+      let rest = it.next.loada
+      it.next.storea nil
+      deallocBigChunk(a, cast[PBigChunk](it))
       if maxIters == 0:
-        let rest = it.next.loada
-        it.next.storea nil
-        addToSharedFreeListBigChunks(a, rest)
+        if rest != nil:
+          addToSharedFreeListBigChunks(a, rest)
+          sysAssert a.sharedFreeListBigChunks != nil, "re-enqueing failed"
         break
-      it = it.next.loada
+      it = rest
       dec maxIters
       if it == nil: break
 
@@ -824,56 +872,85 @@ proc rawAlloc(a: var MemRegion, requestedSize: int): pointer =
   #c_fprintf(stdout, "alloc; size: %ld; %ld\n", requestedSize, size)
 
   if size <= SmallChunkSize-smallChunkOverhead():
+    template fetchSharedCells(tc: PSmallChunk) =
+      # Consumes cells from (potentially) foreign threads from `a.sharedFreeLists[s]`
+      when defined(gcDestructors):
+        if tc.freeList == nil:
+          when hasThreadSupport:
+            # Steal the entire list from `sharedFreeList`:
+            tc.freeList = atomicExchangeN(addr a.sharedFreeLists[s], nil, ATOMIC_RELAXED)
+          else:
+            tc.freeList = a.sharedFreeLists[s]
+            a.sharedFreeLists[s] = nil
+          # if `tc.freeList` isn't nil, `tc` will gain capacity.
+          # We must calculate how much it gained and how many foreign cells are included.
+          compensateCounters(a, tc, size)
+
     # allocate a small block: for small chunks, we use only its next pointer
     let s = size div MemAlign
     var c = a.freeSmallChunks[s]
     if c == nil:
+      # There is no free chunk of the requested size available, we need a new one.
       c = getSmallChunk(a)
+      # init all fields in case memory didn't get zeroed
       c.freeList = nil
+      c.foreignCells = 0
       sysAssert c.size == PageSize, "rawAlloc 3"
       c.size = size
-      c.acc = size
-      when defined(gcDestructors):
-        c.sharedFreeList = nil
-      c.free = SmallChunkSize - smallChunkOverhead() - size
+      c.acc = size.uint32
+      c.free = SmallChunkSize - smallChunkOverhead() - size.int32
       sysAssert c.owner == addr(a), "rawAlloc: No owner set!"
       c.next = nil
       c.prev = nil
-      listAdd(a.freeSmallChunks[s], c)
+      # Shared cells are fetched here in case `c.size * 2 >= SmallChunkSize - smallChunkOverhead()`.
+      # For those single cell chunks, we would otherwise have to allocate a new one almost every time.
+      fetchSharedCells(c)
+      if c.free >= size:
+        # Because removals from `a.freeSmallChunks[s]` only happen in the other alloc branch and during dealloc,
+        #  we must not add it to the list if it cannot be used the next time a pointer of `size` bytes is needed.
+        listAdd(a.freeSmallChunks[s], c)
       result = addr(c.data)
       sysAssert((cast[int](result) and (MemAlign-1)) == 0, "rawAlloc 4")
     else:
+      # There is a free chunk of the requested size available, use it.
       sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: begin c != nil")
       sysAssert c.next != c, "rawAlloc 5"
       #if c.size != size:
       #  c_fprintf(stdout, "csize: %lld; size %lld\n", c.size, size)
       sysAssert c.size == size, "rawAlloc 6"
-      when defined(gcDestructors):
-        if c.freeList == nil:
-          when hasThreadSupport:
-            c.freeList = atomicExchangeN(addr c.sharedFreeList, nil, ATOMIC_RELAXED)
-          else:
-            c.freeList = c.sharedFreeList
-            c.sharedFreeList = nil
-          compensateCounters(a, c, size)
       if c.freeList == nil:
-        sysAssert(c.acc + smallChunkOverhead() + size <= SmallChunkSize,
+        sysAssert(c.acc.int + smallChunkOverhead() + size <= SmallChunkSize,
                   "rawAlloc 7")
-        result = cast[pointer](cast[int](addr(c.data)) +% c.acc)
+        result = cast[pointer](cast[int](addr(c.data)) +% c.acc.int)
         inc(c.acc, size)
       else:
+        # There are free cells available, prefer them over the accumulator
         result = c.freeList
         when not defined(gcDestructors):
           sysAssert(c.freeList.zeroField == 0, "rawAlloc 8")
         c.freeList = c.freeList.next
+        if cast[PSmallChunk](pageAddr(result)) != c:
+          # This cell isn't a blocker for the current chunk's deallocation anymore
+          dec(c.foreignCells)
+        else:
+          sysAssert(c == cast[PSmallChunk](pageAddr(result)), "rawAlloc: Bad cell")
+      # Even if the cell we return is foreign, the local chunk's capacity decreases.
+      # The capacity was previously reserved in the source chunk (when it first got allocated),
+      #  then added into the current chunk during dealloc,
+      #  so the source chunk will not be freed or leak memory because of this.
       dec(c.free, size)
       sysAssert((cast[int](result) and (MemAlign-1)) == 0, "rawAlloc 9")
       sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: end c != nil")
-    sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: before c.free < size")
-    if c.free < size:
-      sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: before listRemove test")
-      listRemove(a.freeSmallChunks[s], c)
-      sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: end listRemove test")
+      # We fetch deferred cells *after* advancing `c.freeList`/`acc` to adjust `c.free`.
+      # If after the adjustment it turns out there's free cells available,
+      #  the chunk stays in `a.freeSmallChunks[s]` and the need for a new chunk is delayed.
+      fetchSharedCells(c)
+      sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: before c.free < size")
+      if c.free < size:
+        # Even after fetching shared cells the chunk has no usable memory left. It is no longer the active chunk
+        sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: before listRemove test")
+        listRemove(a.freeSmallChunks[s], c)
+        sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: end listRemove test")
     sysAssert(((cast[int](result) and PageMask) - smallChunkOverhead()) %%
                size == 0, "rawAlloc 21")
     sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: end small size")
@@ -905,7 +982,7 @@ proc rawAlloc(a: var MemRegion, requestedSize: int): pointer =
     trackSize(c.size)
   sysAssert(isAccessible(a, result), "rawAlloc 14")
   sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawAlloc: end")
-  when logAlloc: cprintf("var pointer_%p = alloc(%ld)\n", result, requestedSize)
+  when logAlloc: cprintf("var pointer_%p = alloc(%ld) # %p\n", result, requestedSize, addr a)
 
 proc rawAlloc0(a: var MemRegion, requestedSize: int): pointer =
   result = rawAlloc(a, requestedSize)
@@ -921,7 +998,7 @@ proc rawDealloc(a: var MemRegion, p: pointer) =
   if isSmallChunk(c):
     # `p` is within a small chunk:
     var c = cast[PSmallChunk](c)
-    var s = c.size
+    let s = c.size
     #       ^ We might access thread foreign storage here.
     # The other thread cannot possibly free this block as it's still alive.
     var f = cast[ptr FreeCell](p)
@@ -936,31 +1013,48 @@ proc rawDealloc(a: var MemRegion, p: pointer) =
         #echo("setting to nil: ", $cast[int](addr(f.zeroField)))
         sysAssert(f.zeroField != 0, "rawDealloc 1")
         f.zeroField = 0
-      f.next = c.freeList
-      c.freeList = f
       when overwriteFree:
         # set to 0xff to check for usage after free bugs:
         nimSetMem(cast[pointer](cast[int](p) +% sizeof(FreeCell)), -1'i32,
                 s -% sizeof(FreeCell))
-      # check if it is not in the freeSmallChunks[s] list:
-      if c.free < s:
-        # add it to the freeSmallChunks[s] array:
-        listAdd(a.freeSmallChunks[s div MemAlign], c)
-        inc(c.free, s)
+      let activeChunk = a.freeSmallChunks[s div MemAlign]
+      if activeChunk != nil and c != activeChunk:
+        # This pointer is not part of the active chunk, lend it out
+        #  and do not adjust the current chunk (same logic as compensateCounters.)
+        # Put the cell into the active chunk,
+        #  may prevent a queue of available chunks from forming in a.freeSmallChunks[s div MemAlign].
+        #  This queue would otherwise waste memory in the form of free cells until we return to those chunks.
+        f.next = activeChunk.freeList
+        activeChunk.freeList = f # lend the cell
+        inc(activeChunk.free, s) # By not adjusting the current chunk's capacity it is prevented from being freed
+        inc(activeChunk.foreignCells) # The cell is now considered foreign from the perspective of the active chunk
       else:
-        inc(c.free, s)
-        if c.free == SmallChunkSize-smallChunkOverhead():
-          listRemove(a.freeSmallChunks[s div MemAlign], c)
-          c.size = SmallChunkSize
-          freeBigChunk(a, cast[PBigChunk](c))
+        f.next = c.freeList
+        c.freeList = f
+        if c.free < s:
+          # The chunk could not have been active as it didn't have enough space to give
+          listAdd(a.freeSmallChunks[s div MemAlign], c)
+          inc(c.free, s)
+        else:
+          inc(c.free, s)
+          # Free only if the entire chunk is unused and there are no borrowed cells.
+          # If the chunk were to be freed while it references foreign cells,
+          #  the foreign chunks will leak memory and can never be freed.
+          if c.free == SmallChunkSize-smallChunkOverhead() and c.foreignCells == 0:
+            listRemove(a.freeSmallChunks[s div MemAlign], c)
+            c.size = SmallChunkSize
+            freeBigChunk(a, cast[PBigChunk](c))
     else:
+      when logAlloc: cprintf("dealloc(pointer_%p) # SMALL FROM %p CALLER %p\n", p, c.owner, addr(a))
+
       when defined(gcDestructors):
-        addToSharedFreeList(c, f)
+        addToSharedFreeList(c, f, s div MemAlign)
     sysAssert(((cast[int](p) and PageMask) - smallChunkOverhead()) %%
                s == 0, "rawDealloc 2")
   else:
     # set to 0xff to check for usage after free bugs:
     when overwriteFree: nimSetMem(p, -1'i32, c.size -% bigChunkOverhead())
+    when logAlloc: cprintf("dealloc(pointer_%p) # BIG %p\n", p, c.owner)
     when defined(gcDestructors):
       if c.owner == addr(a):
         deallocBigChunk(a, cast[PBigChunk](c))
@@ -968,8 +1062,9 @@ proc rawDealloc(a: var MemRegion, p: pointer) =
         addToSharedFreeListBigChunks(c.owner[], cast[PBigChunk](c))
     else:
       deallocBigChunk(a, cast[PBigChunk](c))
+
   sysAssert(allocInv(a), "rawDealloc: end")
-  when logAlloc: cprintf("dealloc(pointer_%p)\n", p)
+  #when logAlloc: cprintf("dealloc(pointer_%p)\n", p)
 
 when not defined(gcDestructors):
   proc isAllocatedPtr(a: MemRegion, p: pointer): bool =
@@ -980,7 +1075,7 @@ when not defined(gcDestructors):
           var c = cast[PSmallChunk](c)
           var offset = (cast[int](p) and (PageSize-1)) -%
                       smallChunkOverhead()
-          result = (c.acc >% offset) and (offset %% c.size == 0) and
+          result = (c.acc.int >% offset) and (offset %% c.size == 0) and
             (cast[ptr FreeCell](p).zeroField >% 1)
         else:
           var c = cast[PBigChunk](c)
@@ -998,7 +1093,7 @@ when not defined(gcDestructors):
           var c = cast[PSmallChunk](c)
           var offset = (cast[int](p) and (PageSize-1)) -%
                       smallChunkOverhead()
-          if c.acc >% offset:
+          if c.acc.int >% offset:
             sysAssert(cast[int](addr(c.data)) +% offset ==
                       cast[int](p), "offset is not what you think it is")
             var d = cast[ptr FreeCell](cast[int](addr(c.data)) +%
@@ -1091,7 +1186,7 @@ proc deallocOsPages(a: var MemRegion) =
       let (p, size) = it.chunks[i]
       when defined(debugHeapLinks):
         cprintf("owner %p; dealloc A: %p size: %ld; next: %p\n", addr(a),
-          it, it.size, next)
+          it, size, next)
       sysAssert size >= PageSize, "origSize too small"
       osDeallocPages(p, size)
     it = next
diff --git a/lib/system/ansi_c.nim b/lib/system/ansi_c.nim
index a8a4bd767..3098e17d6 100644
--- a/lib/system/ansi_c.nim
+++ b/lib/system/ansi_c.nim
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ elif defined(macosx) or defined(linux) or defined(freebsd) or
     SIGSEGV* = cint(11)
     SIGTERM* = cint(15)
     SIGPIPE* = cint(13)
-    SIG_DFL* = cast[CSighandlerT](0)
+    SIG_DFL* = CSighandlerT(nil)
 elif defined(haiku):
   const
     SIGABRT* = cint(6)
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ elif defined(haiku):
     SIGSEGV* = cint(11)
     SIGTERM* = cint(15)
     SIGPIPE* = cint(7)
-    SIG_DFL* = cast[CSighandlerT](0)
+    SIG_DFL* = CSighandlerT(nil)
 else:
   when defined(nimscript):
     {.error: "SIGABRT not ported to your platform".}
@@ -187,6 +187,9 @@ proc c_sprintf*(buf, frmt: cstring): cint {.
   importc: "sprintf", header: "<stdio.h>", varargs, noSideEffect.}
   # we use it only in a way that cannot lead to security issues
 
+proc c_snprintf*(buf: cstring, n: csize_t, frmt: cstring): cint {.
+  importc: "snprintf", header: "<stdio.h>", varargs, noSideEffect.}
+
 when defined(zephyr) and not defined(zephyrUseLibcMalloc):
   proc c_malloc*(size: csize_t): pointer {.
     importc: "k_malloc", header: "<kernel.h>".}
@@ -224,7 +227,7 @@ proc rawWriteString*(f: CFilePtr, s: cstring, length: int) {.compilerproc, nonRe
 
 proc rawWrite*(f: CFilePtr, s: cstring) {.compilerproc, nonReloadable, inline.} =
   # we cannot throw an exception here!
-  discard c_fwrite(s, 1, cast[csize_t](s.len), f)
+  discard c_fwrite(s, 1, c_strlen(s), f)
   discard c_fflush(f)
 
 {.pop.}
diff --git a/lib/system/arc.nim b/lib/system/arc.nim
index 0624bd4e3..d001fcaa5 100644
--- a/lib/system/arc.nim
+++ b/lib/system/arc.nim
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ else:
     rcMask = 0b111
     rcShift = 3      # shift by rcShift to get the reference counter
 
+const
+  orcLeakDetector = defined(nimOrcLeakDetector)
+
 type
   RefHeader = object
     rc: int # the object header is now a single RC field.
@@ -36,9 +39,21 @@ type
                    # in O(1) without doubly linked lists
     when defined(nimArcDebug) or defined(nimArcIds):
       refId: int
+    when defined(gcOrc) and orcLeakDetector:
+      filename: cstring
+      line: int
 
   Cell = ptr RefHeader
 
+template setFrameInfo(c: Cell) =
+  when orcLeakDetector:
+    if framePtr != nil and framePtr.prev != nil:
+      c.filename = framePtr.prev.filename
+      c.line = framePtr.prev.line
+    else:
+      c.filename = nil
+      c.line = 0
+
 template head(p: pointer): Cell =
   cast[Cell](cast[int](p) -% sizeof(RefHeader))
 
@@ -87,6 +102,7 @@ proc nimNewObj(size, alignment: int): pointer {.compilerRtl.} =
       cfprintf(cstderr, "[nimNewObj] %p %ld\n", result, head(result).count)
   when traceCollector:
     cprintf("[Allocated] %p result: %p\n", result -! sizeof(RefHeader), result)
+  setFrameInfo head(result)
 
 proc nimNewObjUninit(size, alignment: int): pointer {.compilerRtl.} =
   # Same as 'newNewObj' but do not initialize the memory to zero.
@@ -109,6 +125,7 @@ proc nimNewObjUninit(size, alignment: int): pointer {.compilerRtl.} =
 
   when traceCollector:
     cprintf("[Allocated] %p result: %p\n", result -! sizeof(RefHeader), result)
+  setFrameInfo head(result)
 
 proc nimDecWeakRef(p: pointer) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
   decrement head(p)
@@ -202,15 +219,22 @@ proc nimDecRefIsLast(p: pointer): bool {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
         writeStackTrace()
         cfprintf(cstderr, "[DecRef] %p %ld\n", p, cell.count)
 
-    if cell.count == 0:
-      result = true
-      when traceCollector:
-        cprintf("[ABOUT TO DESTROY] %p\n", cell)
+    when defined(gcAtomicArc) and hasThreadSupport:
+      # `atomicDec` returns the new value
+      if atomicDec(cell.rc, rcIncrement) == -rcIncrement:
+        result = true
+        when traceCollector:
+          cprintf("[ABOUT TO DESTROY] %p\n", cell)
     else:
-      decrement cell
-      # According to Lins it's correct to do nothing else here.
-      when traceCollector:
-        cprintf("[DECREF] %p\n", cell)
+      if cell.count == 0:
+        result = true
+        when traceCollector:
+          cprintf("[ABOUT TO DESTROY] %p\n", cell)
+      else:
+        decrement cell
+        # According to Lins it's correct to do nothing else here.
+        when traceCollector:
+          cprintf("[DECREF] %p\n", cell)
 
 proc GC_unref*[T](x: ref T) =
   ## New runtime only supports this operation for 'ref T'.
@@ -236,3 +260,8 @@ template tearDownForeignThreadGc* =
 
 proc isObjDisplayCheck(source: PNimTypeV2, targetDepth: int16, token: uint32): bool {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
   result = targetDepth <= source.depth and source.display[targetDepth] == token
+
+when defined(gcDestructors):
+  proc nimGetVTable(p: pointer, index: int): pointer
+        {.compilerRtl, inline, raises: [].} =
+    result = cast[ptr PNimTypeV2](p).vTable[index]
diff --git a/lib/system/arithmetics.nim b/lib/system/arithmetics.nim
index fa7ca784d..e229a0f4b 100644
--- a/lib/system/arithmetics.nim
+++ b/lib/system/arithmetics.nim
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-proc succ*[T: Ordinal](x: T, y: int = 1): T {.magic: "Succ", noSideEffect.} =
+proc succ*[T, V: Ordinal](x: T, y: V = 1): T {.magic: "Succ", noSideEffect.} =
   ## Returns the `y`-th successor (default: 1) of the value `x`.
   ##
   ## If such a value does not exist, `OverflowDefect` is raised
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ proc succ*[T: Ordinal](x: T, y: int = 1): T {.magic: "Succ", noSideEffect.} =
     assert succ(5) == 6
     assert succ(5, 3) == 8
 
-proc pred*[T: Ordinal](x: T, y: int = 1): T {.magic: "Pred", noSideEffect.} =
+proc pred*[T, V: Ordinal](x: T, y: V = 1): T {.magic: "Pred", noSideEffect.} =
   ## Returns the `y`-th predecessor (default: 1) of the value `x`.
   ##
   ## If such a value does not exist, `OverflowDefect` is raised
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ proc pred*[T: Ordinal](x: T, y: int = 1): T {.magic: "Pred", noSideEffect.} =
     assert pred(5) == 4
     assert pred(5, 3) == 2
 
-proc inc*[T: Ordinal](x: var T, y: int = 1) {.magic: "Inc", noSideEffect.} =
+proc inc*[T, V: Ordinal](x: var T, y: V = 1) {.magic: "Inc", noSideEffect.} =
   ## Increments the ordinal `x` by `y`.
   ##
   ## If such a value does not exist, `OverflowDefect` is raised or a compile
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ proc inc*[T: Ordinal](x: var T, y: int = 1) {.magic: "Inc", noSideEffect.} =
     inc(i, 3)
     assert i == 6
 
-proc dec*[T: Ordinal](x: var T, y: int = 1) {.magic: "Dec", noSideEffect.} =
+proc dec*[T, V: Ordinal](x: var T, y: V = 1) {.magic: "Dec", noSideEffect.} =
   ## Decrements the ordinal `x` by `y`.
   ##
   ## If such a value does not exist, `OverflowDefect` is raised or a compile
diff --git a/lib/system/cgprocs.nim b/lib/system/cgprocs.nim
index 9d0d248c3..9a7645f9b 100644
--- a/lib/system/cgprocs.nim
+++ b/lib/system/cgprocs.nim
@@ -8,13 +8,3 @@
 #
 
 # Headers for procs that the code generator depends on ("compilerprocs")
-
-type
-  LibHandle = pointer       # private type
-  ProcAddr = pointer        # library loading and loading of procs:
-
-proc nimLoadLibrary(path: string): LibHandle {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
-proc nimUnloadLibrary(lib: LibHandle) {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
-proc nimGetProcAddr(lib: LibHandle, name: cstring): ProcAddr {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
-
-proc nimLoadLibraryError(path: string) {.compilerproc, hcrInline, nonReloadable.}
diff --git a/lib/system/channels_builtin.nim b/lib/system/channels_builtin.nim
index 088003e4b..02b4d8cbf 100644
--- a/lib/system/channels_builtin.nim
+++ b/lib/system/channels_builtin.nim
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ proc llRecv(q: PRawChannel, res: pointer, typ: PNimType) =
   q.ready = false
   if typ != q.elemType:
     releaseSys(q.lock)
-    sysFatal(ValueError, "cannot receive message of wrong type")
+    raise newException(ValueError, "cannot receive message of wrong type")
   rawRecv(q, res, typ)
   if q.maxItems > 0 and q.count == q.maxItems - 1:
     # Parent thread is awaiting in send. Wake it up.
diff --git a/lib/system/comparisons.nim b/lib/system/comparisons.nim
index 9759c3c99..a8d78bb93 100644
--- a/lib/system/comparisons.nim
+++ b/lib/system/comparisons.nim
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ proc `==`*[T](x, y: seq[T]): bool {.noSideEffect.} =
         return true
     else:
       var sameObject = false
-      asm """`sameObject` = `x` === `y`"""
+      {.emit: """`sameObject` = `x` === `y`;""".}
       if sameObject: return true
 
   if x.len != y.len:
diff --git a/lib/system/compilation.nim b/lib/system/compilation.nim
index 7cf80eb17..cdb976ed5 100644
--- a/lib/system/compilation.nim
+++ b/lib/system/compilation.nim
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ const
     ##   ```
     # see also std/private/since
 
-  NimMinor* {.intdefine.}: int = 1
+  NimMinor* {.intdefine.}: int = 2
     ## is the minor number of Nim's version.
     ## Odd for devel, even for releases.
 
@@ -144,16 +144,17 @@ template currentSourcePath*: string = instantiationInfo(-1, true).filename
   ## Returns the full file-system path of the current source.
   ##
   ## To get the directory containing the current source, use it with
-  ## `os.parentDir() <os.html#parentDir%2Cstring>`_ as `currentSourcePath.parentDir()`.
+  ## `ospaths2.parentDir() <ospaths2.html#parentDir%2Cstring>`_ as
+  ## `currentSourcePath.parentDir()`.
   ##
   ## The path returned by this template is set at compile time.
   ##
   ## See the docstring of `macros.getProjectPath() <macros.html#getProjectPath>`_
-  ## for an example to see the distinction between the `currentSourcePath`
-  ## and `getProjectPath`.
+  ## for an example to see the distinction between the `currentSourcePath()`
+  ## and `getProjectPath()`.
   ##
   ## See also:
-  ## * `getCurrentDir proc <os.html#getCurrentDir>`_
+  ## * `ospaths2.getCurrentDir() proc <ospaths2.html#getCurrentDir>`_
 
 proc slurp*(filename: string): string {.magic: "Slurp".}
   ## This is an alias for `staticRead <#staticRead,string>`_.
diff --git a/lib/system/embedded.nim b/lib/system/embedded.nim
index e0b053c7b..ea6776f58 100644
--- a/lib/system/embedded.nim
+++ b/lib/system/embedded.nim
@@ -19,8 +19,9 @@ proc nimFrame(s: PFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl, exportc: "nimFrame".} = discard
 proc popFrame {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
 
 proc setFrame(s: PFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
-proc pushSafePoint(s: PSafePoint) {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
-proc popSafePoint {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
+when not gotoBasedExceptions:
+  proc pushSafePoint(s: PSafePoint) {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
+  proc popSafePoint {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
 proc pushCurrentException(e: ref Exception) {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
 proc popCurrentException {.compilerRtl, inl.} = discard
 
diff --git a/lib/system/excpt.nim b/lib/system/excpt.nim
index 6b40ca391..dae5c4a4a 100644
--- a/lib/system/excpt.nim
+++ b/lib/system/excpt.nim
@@ -73,26 +73,45 @@ type
 
 when NimStackTraceMsgs:
   var frameMsgBuf* {.threadvar.}: string
+
+when not defined(nimV2):
+  var
+    framePtr {.threadvar.}: PFrame
+
 var
-  framePtr {.threadvar.}: PFrame
-  excHandler {.threadvar.}: PSafePoint
-    # list of exception handlers
-    # a global variable for the root of all try blocks
   currException {.threadvar.}: ref Exception
-  gcFramePtr {.threadvar.}: GcFrame
 
-type
-  FrameState = tuple[gcFramePtr: GcFrame, framePtr: PFrame,
-                     excHandler: PSafePoint, currException: ref Exception]
+when not gotoBasedExceptions:
+  var
+    excHandler {.threadvar.}: PSafePoint
+      # list of exception handlers
+      # a global variable for the root of all try blocks
+    gcFramePtr {.threadvar.}: GcFrame
+
+when gotoBasedExceptions:
+  type
+    FrameState = tuple[framePtr: PFrame,
+                      currException: ref Exception]
+else:
+  type
+    FrameState = tuple[gcFramePtr: GcFrame, framePtr: PFrame,
+                      excHandler: PSafePoint, currException: ref Exception]
 
 proc getFrameState*(): FrameState {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
-  return (gcFramePtr, framePtr, excHandler, currException)
+  when gotoBasedExceptions:
+    return (framePtr, currException)
+  else:
+    return (gcFramePtr, framePtr, excHandler, currException)
 
 proc setFrameState*(state: FrameState) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
-  gcFramePtr = state.gcFramePtr
-  framePtr = state.framePtr
-  excHandler = state.excHandler
-  currException = state.currException
+  when gotoBasedExceptions:
+    framePtr = state.framePtr
+    currException = state.currException
+  else:
+    gcFramePtr = state.gcFramePtr
+    framePtr = state.framePtr
+    excHandler = state.excHandler
+    currException = state.currException
 
 proc getFrame*(): PFrame {.compilerRtl, inl.} = framePtr
 
@@ -114,20 +133,21 @@ when false:
 proc setFrame*(s: PFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
   framePtr = s
 
-proc getGcFrame*(): GcFrame {.compilerRtl, inl.} = gcFramePtr
-proc popGcFrame*() {.compilerRtl, inl.} = gcFramePtr = gcFramePtr.prev
-proc setGcFrame*(s: GcFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl.} = gcFramePtr = s
-proc pushGcFrame*(s: GcFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
-  s.prev = gcFramePtr
-  zeroMem(cast[pointer](cast[int](s)+%sizeof(GcFrameHeader)), s.len*sizeof(pointer))
-  gcFramePtr = s
+when not gotoBasedExceptions:
+  proc getGcFrame*(): GcFrame {.compilerRtl, inl.} = gcFramePtr
+  proc popGcFrame*() {.compilerRtl, inl.} = gcFramePtr = gcFramePtr.prev
+  proc setGcFrame*(s: GcFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl.} = gcFramePtr = s
+  proc pushGcFrame*(s: GcFrame) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
+    s.prev = gcFramePtr
+    zeroMem(cast[pointer](cast[int](s)+%sizeof(GcFrameHeader)), s.len*sizeof(pointer))
+    gcFramePtr = s
 
-proc pushSafePoint(s: PSafePoint) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
-  s.prev = excHandler
-  excHandler = s
+  proc pushSafePoint(s: PSafePoint) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
+    s.prev = excHandler
+    excHandler = s
 
-proc popSafePoint {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
-  excHandler = excHandler.prev
+  proc popSafePoint {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
+    excHandler = excHandler.prev
 
 proc pushCurrentException(e: sink(ref Exception)) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
   e.up = currException
@@ -407,15 +427,16 @@ proc reportUnhandledError(e: ref Exception) {.nodestroy, gcsafe.} =
   when hostOS != "any":
     reportUnhandledErrorAux(e)
 
-proc nimLeaveFinally() {.compilerRtl.} =
-  when defined(cpp) and not defined(noCppExceptions) and not gotoBasedExceptions:
-    {.emit: "throw;".}
-  else:
-    if excHandler != nil:
-      c_longjmp(excHandler.context, 1)
+when not gotoBasedExceptions:
+  proc nimLeaveFinally() {.compilerRtl.} =
+    when defined(cpp) and not defined(noCppExceptions) and not gotoBasedExceptions:
+      {.emit: "throw;".}
     else:
-      reportUnhandledError(currException)
-      rawQuit(1)
+      if excHandler != nil:
+        c_longjmp(excHandler.context, 1)
+      else:
+        reportUnhandledError(currException)
+        rawQuit(1)
 
 when gotoBasedExceptions:
   var nimInErrorMode {.threadvar.}: bool
diff --git a/lib/system/fatal.nim b/lib/system/fatal.nim
index f1f94d078..25c05e52d 100644
--- a/lib/system/fatal.nim
+++ b/lib/system/fatal.nim
@@ -16,19 +16,19 @@ const
 when hostOS == "standalone":
   include "$projectpath/panicoverride"
 
-  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc, message: string) {.inline.} =
+  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc[Defect], message: string) {.inline.} =
     panic(message)
 
-  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc, message, arg: string) {.inline.} =
+  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc[Defect], message, arg: string) {.inline.} =
     rawoutput(message)
     panic(arg)
 
-elif (quirkyExceptions or defined(nimPanics)) and not defined(nimscript):
+elif quirkyExceptions and not defined(nimscript):
   import ansi_c
 
   func name(t: typedesc): string {.magic: "TypeTrait".}
 
-  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc, message, arg: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
+  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc[Defect], message, arg: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
     when nimvm:
       # TODO when doAssertRaises works in CT, add a test for it
       raise (ref exceptn)(msg: message & arg)
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ elif (quirkyExceptions or defined(nimPanics)) and not defined(nimscript):
         cstderr.rawWrite buf
       rawQuit 1
 
-  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc, message: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
+  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc[Defect], message: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
     sysFatal(exceptn, message, "")
 
 else:
-  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc, message: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
+  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc[Defect], message: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
     raise (ref exceptn)(msg: message)
 
-  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc, message, arg: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
+  func sysFatal(exceptn: typedesc[Defect], message, arg: string) {.inline, noreturn.} =
     raise (ref exceptn)(msg: message & arg)
 
 {.pop.}
diff --git a/lib/system/gc.nim b/lib/system/gc.nim
index 35ab26903..9289c7f55 100644
--- a/lib/system/gc.nim
+++ b/lib/system/gc.nim
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ when defined(memProfiler):
   proc nimProfile(requestedSize: int) {.benign.}
 
 when hasThreadSupport:
-  import sharedlist
+  import std/sharedlist
 
 const
   rcIncrement = 0b1000 # so that lowest 3 bits are not touched
diff --git a/lib/system/gc_ms.nim b/lib/system/gc_ms.nim
index 72d22f08b..c885a6893 100644
--- a/lib/system/gc_ms.nim
+++ b/lib/system/gc_ms.nim
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ when defined(memProfiler):
   proc nimProfile(requestedSize: int)
 
 when hasThreadSupport:
-  import sharedlist
+  import std/sharedlist
 
 type
   WalkOp = enum
diff --git a/lib/system/hti.nim b/lib/system/hti.nim
index 9acaae88b..a26aff982 100644
--- a/lib/system/hti.nim
+++ b/lib/system/hti.nim
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ type
     tyOwned, tyUnused1, tyUnused2,
     tyVarargsHidden,
     tyUncheckedArray,
-    tyProxyHidden,
+    tyErrorHidden,
     tyBuiltInTypeClassHidden,
     tyUserTypeClassHidden,
     tyUserTypeClassInstHidden,
diff --git a/lib/system/indices.nim b/lib/system/indices.nim
index f4a140346..f2bad2528 100644
--- a/lib/system/indices.nim
+++ b/lib/system/indices.nim
@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ proc `[]`*[Idx, T; U, V: Ordinal](a: array[Idx, T], x: HSlice[U, V]): seq[T] {.s
   ##   var a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
   ##   assert a[0..2] == @[1, 2, 3]
   ##   ```
+  ##
+  ## See also:
+  ## * `toOpenArray(array[I, T];I,I) <#toOpenArray,array[I,T],I,I>`_
   let xa = a ^^ x.a
   let L = (a ^^ x.b) - xa + 1
   result = newSeq[T](L)
@@ -136,6 +139,9 @@ proc `[]`*[T; U, V: Ordinal](s: openArray[T], x: HSlice[U, V]): seq[T] {.systemR
   ##   var s = @[1, 2, 3, 4]
   ##   assert s[0..2] == @[1, 2, 3]
   ##   ```
+  ##
+  ## See also:
+  ## * `toOpenArray(openArray[T];int,int) <#toOpenArray,openArray[T],int,int>`_
   let a = s ^^ x.a
   let L = (s ^^ x.b) - a + 1
   newSeq(result, L)
diff --git a/lib/system/iterators.nim b/lib/system/iterators.nim
index 4bd12680f..125bee98f 100644
--- a/lib/system/iterators.nim
+++ b/lib/system/iterators.nim
@@ -8,12 +8,17 @@ when not defined(nimNoLentIterators):
 else:
   template lent2(T): untyped = T
 
+template unCheckedInc(x) =
+  {.push overflowChecks: off.}
+  inc(x)
+  {.pop.}
+
 iterator items*[T: not char](a: openArray[T]): lent2 T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`.
   var i = 0
   while i < len(a):
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator items*[T: char](a: openArray[T]): T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`.
@@ -23,14 +28,14 @@ iterator items*[T: char](a: openArray[T]): T {.inline.} =
   var i = 0
   while i < len(a):
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator mitems*[T](a: var openArray[T]): var T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a` so that you can modify the yielded value.
   var i = 0
   while i < len(a):
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator items*[IX, T](a: array[IX, T]): T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`.
@@ -39,7 +44,7 @@ iterator items*[IX, T](a: array[IX, T]): T {.inline.} =
     while true:
       yield a[i]
       if i >= high(IX): break
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator mitems*[IX, T](a: var array[IX, T]): var T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a` so that you can modify the yielded value.
@@ -48,7 +53,7 @@ iterator mitems*[IX, T](a: var array[IX, T]): var T {.inline.} =
     while true:
       yield a[i]
       if i >= high(IX): break
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator items*[T](a: set[T]): T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each element of `a`. `items` iterates only over the
@@ -56,8 +61,11 @@ iterator items*[T](a: set[T]): T {.inline.} =
   ## able to hold).
   var i = low(T).int
   while i <= high(T).int:
-    if T(i) in a: yield T(i)
-    inc(i)
+    when T is enum and not defined(js):
+      if cast[T](i) in a: yield cast[T](i)
+    else:
+      if T(i) in a: yield T(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator items*(a: cstring): char {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`.
@@ -76,7 +84,7 @@ iterator items*(a: cstring): char {.inline.} =
     let n = len(a)
     while i < n:
       yield a[i]
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
   when defined(js): impl()
   else:
     when nimvm:
@@ -86,7 +94,7 @@ iterator items*(a: cstring): char {.inline.} =
       var i = 0
       while a[i] != '\0':
         yield a[i]
-        inc(i)
+        unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator mitems*(a: var cstring): var char {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a` so that you can modify the yielded value.
@@ -109,7 +117,7 @@ iterator mitems*(a: var cstring): var char {.inline.} =
     let n = len(a)
     while i < n:
       yield a[i]
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
   when defined(js): impl()
   else:
     when nimvm: impl()
@@ -117,7 +125,7 @@ iterator mitems*(a: var cstring): var char {.inline.} =
       var i = 0
       while a[i] != '\0':
         yield a[i]
-        inc(i)
+        unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator items*[T: enum and Ordinal](E: typedesc[T]): T =
   ## Iterates over the values of `E`.
@@ -140,7 +148,7 @@ iterator pairs*[T](a: openArray[T]): tuple[key: int, val: T] {.inline.} =
   var i = 0
   while i < len(a):
     yield (i, a[i])
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator mpairs*[T](a: var openArray[T]): tuple[key: int, val: var T]{.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`. Yields `(index, a[index])` pairs.
@@ -148,7 +156,7 @@ iterator mpairs*[T](a: var openArray[T]): tuple[key: int, val: var T]{.inline.}
   var i = 0
   while i < len(a):
     yield (i, a[i])
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator pairs*[IX, T](a: array[IX, T]): tuple[key: IX, val: T] {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`. Yields `(index, a[index])` pairs.
@@ -157,7 +165,7 @@ iterator pairs*[IX, T](a: array[IX, T]): tuple[key: IX, val: T] {.inline.} =
     while true:
       yield (i, a[i])
       if i >= high(IX): break
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator mpairs*[IX, T](a: var array[IX, T]): tuple[key: IX, val: var T] {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`. Yields `(index, a[index])` pairs.
@@ -167,7 +175,7 @@ iterator mpairs*[IX, T](a: var array[IX, T]): tuple[key: IX, val: var T] {.inlin
     while true:
       yield (i, a[i])
       if i >= high(IX): break
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator pairs*[T](a: seq[T]): tuple[key: int, val: T] {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`. Yields `(index, a[index])` pairs.
@@ -175,7 +183,7 @@ iterator pairs*[T](a: seq[T]): tuple[key: int, val: T] {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield (i, a[i])
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the seq changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator mpairs*[T](a: var seq[T]): tuple[key: int, val: var T] {.inline.} =
@@ -185,7 +193,7 @@ iterator mpairs*[T](a: var seq[T]): tuple[key: int, val: var T] {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield (i, a[i])
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the seq changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator pairs*(a: string): tuple[key: int, val: char] {.inline.} =
@@ -194,7 +202,7 @@ iterator pairs*(a: string): tuple[key: int, val: char] {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield (i, a[i])
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the string changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator mpairs*(a: var string): tuple[key: int, val: var char] {.inline.} =
@@ -204,7 +212,7 @@ iterator mpairs*(a: var string): tuple[key: int, val: var char] {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield (i, a[i])
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the string changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator pairs*(a: cstring): tuple[key: int, val: char] {.inline.} =
@@ -214,12 +222,12 @@ iterator pairs*(a: cstring): tuple[key: int, val: char] {.inline.} =
     var L = len(a)
     while i < L:
       yield (i, a[i])
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
   else:
     var i = 0
     while a[i] != '\0':
       yield (i, a[i])
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator mpairs*(a: var cstring): tuple[key: int, val: var char] {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`. Yields `(index, a[index])` pairs.
@@ -229,12 +237,12 @@ iterator mpairs*(a: var cstring): tuple[key: int, val: var char] {.inline.} =
     var L = len(a)
     while i < L:
       yield (i, a[i])
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
   else:
     var i = 0
     while a[i] != '\0':
       yield (i, a[i])
-      inc(i)
+      unCheckedInc(i)
 
 iterator items*[T](a: seq[T]): lent2 T {.inline.} =
   ## Iterates over each item of `a`.
@@ -242,7 +250,7 @@ iterator items*[T](a: seq[T]): lent2 T {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the seq changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator mitems*[T](a: var seq[T]): var T {.inline.} =
@@ -251,7 +259,7 @@ iterator mitems*[T](a: var seq[T]): var T {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the seq changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator items*(a: string): char {.inline.} =
@@ -260,7 +268,7 @@ iterator items*(a: string): char {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the string changed while iterating over it")
 
 iterator mitems*(a: var string): var char {.inline.} =
@@ -269,7 +277,7 @@ iterator mitems*(a: var string): var char {.inline.} =
   let L = len(a)
   while i < L:
     yield a[i]
-    inc(i)
+    unCheckedInc(i)
     assert(len(a) == L, "the length of the string changed while iterating over it")
 
 
diff --git a/lib/system/iterators_1.nim b/lib/system/iterators_1.nim
index be61fd62c..d00e3f823 100644
--- a/lib/system/iterators_1.nim
+++ b/lib/system/iterators_1.nim
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ iterator countdown*[T](a, b: T, step: Positive = 1): T {.inline.} =
     let x = collect(newSeq):
       for i in countdown(7, 3):
         i
-    
+
     assert x == @[7, 6, 5, 4, 3]
 
     let y = collect(newseq):
@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@ iterator countdown*[T](a, b: T, step: Positive = 1): T {.inline.} =
   elif T is IntLikeForCount and T is Ordinal:
     var res = int(a)
     while res >= int(b):
-      yield T(res)
+      when defined(nimHasCastExtendedVm):
+        yield cast[T](res)
+      else:
+        yield T(res)
       dec(res, step)
   else:
     var res = a
@@ -64,7 +67,10 @@ iterator countup*[T](a, b: T, step: Positive = 1): T {.inline.} =
   when T is IntLikeForCount and T is Ordinal:
     var res = int(a)
     while res <= int(b):
-      yield T(res)
+      when defined(nimHasCastExtendedVm):
+        yield cast[T](res)
+      else:
+        yield T(res)
       inc(res, step)
   else:
     var res = a
@@ -89,7 +95,10 @@ iterator `..`*[T](a, b: T): T {.inline.} =
   when T is IntLikeForCount and T is Ordinal:
     var res = int(a)
     while res <= int(b):
-      yield T(res)
+      when defined(nimHasCastExtendedVm):
+        yield cast[T](res)
+      else:
+        yield T(res)
       inc(res)
   else:
     var res = a
diff --git a/lib/system/jssys.nim b/lib/system/jssys.nim
index 3bf506e1e..5599240fd 100644
--- a/lib/system/jssys.nim
+++ b/lib/system/jssys.nim
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ proc nimCharToStr(x: char): string {.compilerproc.} =
   result[0] = x
 
 proc isNimException(): bool {.asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm "return `lastJSError` && `lastJSError`.m_type;"
+  {.emit: "return `lastJSError` && `lastJSError`.m_type;".}
 
 proc getCurrentException*(): ref Exception {.compilerRtl, benign.} =
   if isNimException(): result = cast[ref Exception](lastJSError)
@@ -72,6 +72,10 @@ proc getCurrentExceptionMsg*(): string =
 proc setCurrentException*(exc: ref Exception) =
   lastJSError = cast[PJSError](exc)
 
+proc closureIterSetupExc(e: ref Exception) {.compilerproc, inline.} =
+  ## Used to set up exception handling for closure iterators
+  setCurrentException(e)
+
 proc auxWriteStackTrace(f: PCallFrame): string =
   type
     TempFrame = tuple[procname: cstring, line: int, filename: cstring]
@@ -148,7 +152,7 @@ proc raiseException(e: ref Exception, ename: cstring) {.
     unhandledException(e)
   when NimStackTrace:
     e.trace = rawWriteStackTrace()
-  asm "throw `e`;"
+  {.emit: "throw `e`;".}
 
 proc reraiseException() {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
   if lastJSError == nil:
@@ -158,7 +162,7 @@ proc reraiseException() {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
       if isNimException():
         unhandledException(cast[ref Exception](lastJSError))
 
-    asm "throw lastJSError;"
+    {.emit: "throw lastJSError;".}
 
 proc raiseOverflow {.exportc: "raiseOverflow", noreturn, compilerproc.} =
   raise newException(OverflowDefect, "over- or underflow")
@@ -176,7 +180,7 @@ proc raiseFieldError2(f: string, discVal: string) {.compilerproc, noreturn.} =
   raise newException(FieldDefect, formatFieldDefect(f, discVal))
 
 proc setConstr() {.varargs, asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = {};
     for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
       var x = arguments[i];
@@ -189,7 +193,7 @@ proc setConstr() {.varargs, asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
       }
     }
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc makeNimstrLit(c: cstring): string {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
   {.emit: """
@@ -277,62 +281,64 @@ proc toJSStr(s: string): cstring {.compilerproc.} =
   result = join(res)
 
 proc mnewString(len: int): string {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
-    return new Array(`len`);
-  """
+  {.emit: """
+    var result = new Array(`len`);
+    for (var i = 0; i < `len`; i++) {result[i] = 0;}
+    return result;
+  """.}
 
 proc SetCard(a: int): int {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
   # argument type is a fake
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = 0;
     for (var elem in `a`) { ++result; }
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc SetEq(a, b: int): bool {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     for (var elem in `a`) { if (!`b`[elem]) return false; }
     for (var elem in `b`) { if (!`a`[elem]) return false; }
     return true;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc SetLe(a, b: int): bool {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     for (var elem in `a`) { if (!`b`[elem]) return false; }
     return true;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc SetLt(a, b: int): bool {.compilerproc.} =
   result = SetLe(a, b) and not SetEq(a, b)
 
 proc SetMul(a, b: int): int {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = {};
     for (var elem in `a`) {
       if (`b`[elem]) { result[elem] = true; }
     }
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc SetPlus(a, b: int): int {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = {};
     for (var elem in `a`) { result[elem] = true; }
     for (var elem in `b`) { result[elem] = true; }
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc SetMinus(a, b: int): int {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = {};
     for (var elem in `a`) {
       if (!`b`[elem]) { result[elem] = true; }
     }
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc cmpStrings(a, b: string): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`a` == `b`) return 0;
     if (!`a`) return -1;
     if (!`b`) return 1;
@@ -341,7 +347,7 @@ proc cmpStrings(a, b: string): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
       if (result != 0) return result;
     }
     return `a`.length - `b`.length;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc cmp(x, y: string): int =
   when nimvm:
@@ -352,7 +358,7 @@ proc cmp(x, y: string): int =
     result = cmpStrings(x, y)
 
 proc eqStrings(a, b: string): bool {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`a` == `b`) return true;
     if (`a` === null && `b`.length == 0) return true;
     if (`b` === null && `a`.length == 0) return true;
@@ -362,29 +368,29 @@ proc eqStrings(a, b: string): bool {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
     for (var i = 0; i < alen; ++i)
       if (`a`[i] != `b`[i]) return false;
     return true;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 when defined(kwin):
   proc rawEcho {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       var buf = "";
       for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
         buf += `toJSStr`(arguments[i]);
       }
       print(buf);
-    """
+    """.}
 
 elif not defined(nimOldEcho):
   proc ewriteln(x: cstring) = log(x)
 
   proc rawEcho {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       var buf = "";
       for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
         buf += `toJSStr`(arguments[i]);
       }
       console.log(buf);
-    """
+    """.}
 
 else:
   proc ewriteln(x: cstring) =
@@ -412,84 +418,84 @@ else:
 
 # Arithmetic:
 proc checkOverflowInt(a: int) {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`a` > 2147483647 || `a` < -2147483648) `raiseOverflow`();
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc addInt(a, b: int): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = `a` + `b`;
     `checkOverflowInt`(result);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc subInt(a, b: int): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = `a` - `b`;
     `checkOverflowInt`(result);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc mulInt(a, b: int): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = `a` * `b`;
     `checkOverflowInt`(result);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc divInt(a, b: int): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`b` == 0) `raiseDivByZero`();
     if (`b` == -1 && `a` == 2147483647) `raiseOverflow`();
     return Math.trunc(`a` / `b`);
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc modInt(a, b: int): int {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`b` == 0) `raiseDivByZero`();
     if (`b` == -1 && `a` == 2147483647) `raiseOverflow`();
     return Math.trunc(`a` % `b`);
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc checkOverflowInt64(a: int64) {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`a` > 9223372036854775807n || `a` < -9223372036854775808n) `raiseOverflow`();
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc addInt64(a, b: int64): int64 {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = `a` + `b`;
     `checkOverflowInt64`(result);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc subInt64(a, b: int64): int64 {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = `a` - `b`;
     `checkOverflowInt64`(result);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc mulInt64(a, b: int64): int64 {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = `a` * `b`;
     `checkOverflowInt64`(result);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc divInt64(a, b: int64): int64 {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`b` == 0n) `raiseDivByZero`();
     if (`b` == -1n && `a` == 9223372036854775807n) `raiseOverflow`();
     return `a` / `b`;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc modInt64(a, b: int64): int64 {.asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     if (`b` == 0n) `raiseDivByZero`();
     if (`b` == -1n && `a` == 9223372036854775807n) `raiseOverflow`();
     return `a` % `b`;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc negInt(a: int): int {.compilerproc.} =
   result = a*(-1)
@@ -506,7 +512,7 @@ proc absInt64(a: int64): int64 {.compilerproc.} =
 proc nimMin(a, b: int): int {.compilerproc.} = return if a <= b: a else: b
 proc nimMax(a, b: int): int {.compilerproc.} = return if a >= b: a else: b
 
-proc chckNilDisp(p: pointer) {.compilerproc.} =
+proc chckNilDisp(p: JSRef) {.compilerproc.} =
   if p == nil:
     sysFatal(NilAccessDefect, "cannot dispatch; dispatcher is nil")
 
@@ -524,22 +530,22 @@ proc nimCopyAux(dest, src: JSRef, n: ptr TNimNode) {.compilerproc.} =
   case n.kind
   of nkNone: sysAssert(false, "nimCopyAux")
   of nkSlot:
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       `dest`[`n`.offset] = nimCopy(`dest`[`n`.offset], `src`[`n`.offset], `n`.typ);
-    """
+    """.}
   of nkList:
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
     for (var i = 0; i < `n`.sons.length; i++) {
       nimCopyAux(`dest`, `src`, `n`.sons[i]);
     }
-    """
+    """.}
   of nkCase:
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       `dest`[`n`.offset] = nimCopy(`dest`[`n`.offset], `src`[`n`.offset], `n`.typ);
       for (var i = 0; i < `n`.sons.length; ++i) {
         nimCopyAux(`dest`, `src`, `n`.sons[i][1]);
       }
-    """
+    """.}
 
 proc nimCopy(dest, src: JSRef, ti: PNimType): JSRef =
   case ti.kind
@@ -547,9 +553,9 @@ proc nimCopy(dest, src: JSRef, ti: PNimType): JSRef =
     if not isFatPointer(ti):
       result = src
     else:
-      asm "`result` = [`src`[0], `src`[1]];"
+      {.emit: "`result` = [`src`[0], `src`[1]];".}
   of tySet:
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       if (`dest` === null || `dest` === undefined) {
         `dest` = {};
       }
@@ -558,18 +564,18 @@ proc nimCopy(dest, src: JSRef, ti: PNimType): JSRef =
       }
       for (var key in `src`) { `dest`[key] = `src`[key]; }
       `result` = `dest`;
-    """
+    """.}
   of tyTuple, tyObject:
     if ti.base != nil: result = nimCopy(dest, src, ti.base)
     elif ti.kind == tyObject:
-      asm "`result` = (`dest` === null || `dest` === undefined) ? {m_type: `ti`} : `dest`;"
+      {.emit: "`result` = (`dest` === null || `dest` === undefined) ? {m_type: `ti`} : `dest`;".}
     else:
-      asm "`result` = (`dest` === null || `dest` === undefined) ? {} : `dest`;"
+      {.emit: "`result` = (`dest` === null || `dest` === undefined) ? {} : `dest`;".}
     nimCopyAux(result, src, ti.node)
   of tyArrayConstr, tyArray:
     # In order to prevent a type change (TypedArray -> Array) and to have better copying performance,
     # arrays constructors are considered separately
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       if(ArrayBuffer.isView(`src`)) { 
         if(`dest` === null || `dest` === undefined || `dest`.length != `src`.length) {
           `dest` = new `src`.constructor(`src`);
@@ -591,9 +597,9 @@ proc nimCopy(dest, src: JSRef, ti: PNimType): JSRef =
           }
         }
       }
-    """
+    """.}
   of tySequence, tyOpenArray:
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       if (`src` === null) {
         `result` = null;
       }
@@ -606,55 +612,24 @@ proc nimCopy(dest, src: JSRef, ti: PNimType): JSRef =
           `result`[i] = nimCopy(`result`[i], `src`[i], `ti`.base);
         }
       }
-    """
+    """.}
   of tyString:
-    asm """
+    {.emit: """
       if (`src` !== null) {
         `result` = `src`.slice(0);
       }
-    """
+    """.}
   else:
     result = src
 
-proc genericReset(x: JSRef, ti: PNimType): JSRef {.compilerproc.} =
-  asm "`result` = null;"
-  case ti.kind
-  of tyPtr, tyRef, tyVar, tyNil:
-    if isFatPointer(ti):
-      asm """
-        `result` = [null, 0];
-      """
-  of tySet:
-    asm """
-      `result` = {};
-    """
-  of tyTuple, tyObject:
-    if ti.kind == tyObject:
-      asm "`result` = {m_type: `ti`};"
-    else:
-      asm "`result` = {};"
-  of tySequence, tyOpenArray, tyString:
-    asm """
-      `result` = [];
-    """
-  of tyArrayConstr, tyArray:
-    asm """
-      `result` = new Array(`x`.length);
-      for (var i = 0; i < `x`.length; ++i) {
-        `result`[i] = genericReset(`x`[i], `ti`.base);
-      }
-    """
-  else:
-    discard
-
 proc arrayConstr(len: int, value: JSRef, typ: PNimType): JSRef {.
                 asmNoStackFrame, compilerproc.} =
   # types are fake
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
     var result = new Array(`len`);
     for (var i = 0; i < `len`; ++i) result[i] = nimCopy(null, `value`, `typ`);
     return result;
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc chckIndx(i, a, b: int): int {.compilerproc.} =
   if i >= a and i <= b: return i
@@ -683,7 +658,7 @@ proc isObj(obj, subclass: PNimType): bool {.compilerproc.} =
   return true
 
 proc addChar(x: string, c: char) {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
-  asm "`x`.push(`c`);"
+  {.emit: "`x`.push(`c`);".}
 
 {.pop.}
 
@@ -710,9 +685,9 @@ proc parseFloatNative(a: openarray[char]): float =
 
   let cstr = cstring str
 
-  asm """
+  {.emit: """
   `result` = Number(`cstr`);
-  """
+  """.}
 
 proc nimParseBiggestFloat(s: openarray[char], number: var BiggestFloat): int {.compilerproc.} =
   var sign: bool
@@ -779,3 +754,15 @@ if (!Math.trunc) {
   };
 }
 """.}
+
+proc cmpClosures(a, b: JSRef): bool {.compilerproc, asmNoStackFrame.} =
+  # Both `a` and `b` need to be a closure
+  {.emit: """
+    if (`a` !== null && `a`.ClP_0 !== undefined &&
+        `b` !== null && `b`.ClP_0 !== undefined) {
+      return `a`.ClP_0 == `b`.ClP_0 && `a`.ClE_0 == `b`.ClE_0;
+    } else {
+      return `a` == `b`;
+    }
+  """
+  .}
diff --git a/lib/system/memory.nim b/lib/system/memory.nim
index ebda60d8d..156773c48 100644
--- a/lib/system/memory.nim
+++ b/lib/system/memory.nim
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ proc nimCmpMem*(a, b: pointer, size: Natural): cint {.compilerproc, nonReloadabl
       inc i
 
 proc nimCStrLen*(a: cstring): int {.compilerproc, nonReloadable, inline.} =
+  if a.isNil: return 0
   when useLibC:
     cast[int](c_strlen(a))
   else:
diff --git a/lib/system/mm/go.nim b/lib/system/mm/go.nim
index 9ec25fb65..8f3aeb964 100644
--- a/lib/system/mm/go.nim
+++ b/lib/system/mm/go.nim
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ proc newSeqRC1(typ: PNimType, len: int): pointer {.compilerRtl.} =
   writebarrierptr(addr(result), newSeq(typ, len))
 
 proc nimNewSeqOfCap(typ: PNimType, cap: int): pointer {.compilerproc.} =
-  result = newObj(typ, align(GenericSeqSize, typ.base.align) + cap * typ.base.size)
+  result = newObjNoInit(typ, align(GenericSeqSize, typ.base.align) + cap * typ.base.size)
   cast[PGenericSeq](result).len = 0
   cast[PGenericSeq](result).reserved = cap
   cast[PGenericSeq](result).elemSize = typ.base.size
diff --git a/lib/system/nimscript.nim b/lib/system/nimscript.nim
index a2c897b04..cf81f6d86 100644
--- a/lib/system/nimscript.nim
+++ b/lib/system/nimscript.nim
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@ template `--`*(key, val: untyped) =
   ##   ```nim
   ##   --path:somePath # same as switch("path", "somePath")
   ##   --path:"someOtherPath" # same as switch("path", "someOtherPath")
+  ##   --hint:"[Conf]:off" # same as switch("hint", "[Conf]:off")
   ##   ```
   switch(strip(astToStr(key)), strip(astToStr(val)))
 
@@ -252,11 +253,12 @@ proc cpDir*(`from`, to: string) {.raises: [OSError].} =
 proc exec*(command: string) {.
   raises: [OSError], tags: [ExecIOEffect, WriteIOEffect].} =
   ## Executes an external process. If the external process terminates with
-  ## a non-zero exit code, an OSError exception is raised.
+  ## a non-zero exit code, an OSError exception is raised. The command is
+  ## executed relative to the current source path.
   ##
-  ## **Note:** If you need a version of `exec` that returns the exit code
-  ## and text output of the command, you can use `system.gorgeEx
-  ## <system.html#gorgeEx,string,string,string>`_.
+  ## .. note:: If you need a version of `exec` that returns the exit code
+  ##   and text output of the command, you can use `system.gorgeEx
+  ##   <system.html#gorgeEx,string,string,string>`_.
   log "exec: " & command:
     if rawExec(command) != 0:
       raise newException(OSError, "FAILED: " & command)
@@ -266,11 +268,17 @@ proc exec*(command: string, input: string, cache = "") {.
   raises: [OSError], tags: [ExecIOEffect, WriteIOEffect].} =
   ## Executes an external process. If the external process terminates with
   ## a non-zero exit code, an OSError exception is raised.
+  ##
+  ## .. warning:: This version of `exec` is executed relative to the nimscript
+  ##   module path, which affects how the command resolves relative paths. Thus
+  ##   it is generally better to use `gorgeEx` directly when you need more
+  ##   control over the execution environment or when working with commands
+  ##   that deal with relative paths.
   log "exec: " & command:
     let (output, exitCode) = gorgeEx(command, input, cache)
+    echo output
     if exitCode != 0:
       raise newException(OSError, "FAILED: " & command)
-    echo output
 
 proc selfExec*(command: string) {.
   raises: [OSError], tags: [ExecIOEffect, WriteIOEffect].} =
diff --git a/lib/system/orc.nim b/lib/system/orc.nim
index 335d49d0f..c02a24989 100644
--- a/lib/system/orc.nim
+++ b/lib/system/orc.nim
@@ -81,10 +81,14 @@ proc trace(s: Cell; desc: PNimTypeV2; j: var GcEnv) {.inline.} =
 
 include threadids
 
-when logOrc:
+when logOrc or orcLeakDetector:
   proc writeCell(msg: cstring; s: Cell; desc: PNimTypeV2) =
-    cfprintf(cstderr, "%s %s %ld root index: %ld; RC: %ld; color: %ld; thread: %ld\n",
-      msg, desc.name, s.refId, s.rootIdx, s.rc shr rcShift, s.color, getThreadId())
+    when orcLeakDetector:
+      cfprintf(cstderr, "%s %s file: %s:%ld; color: %ld; thread: %ld\n",
+        msg, desc.name, s.filename, s.line, s.color, getThreadId())
+    else:
+      cfprintf(cstderr, "%s %s %ld root index: %ld; RC: %ld; color: %ld; thread: %ld\n",
+        msg, desc.name, s.refId, s.rootIdx, s.rc shr rcShift, s.color, getThreadId())
 
 proc free(s: Cell; desc: PNimTypeV2) {.inline.} =
   when traceCollector:
@@ -142,7 +146,7 @@ proc unregisterCycle(s: Cell) =
   let idx = s.rootIdx-1
   when false:
     if idx >= roots.len or idx < 0:
-      cprintf("[Bug!] %ld\n", idx)
+      cprintf("[Bug!] %ld %ld\n", idx, roots.len)
       rawQuit 1
   roots.d[idx] = roots.d[roots.len-1]
   roots.d[idx][0].rootIdx = idx+1
@@ -299,6 +303,14 @@ proc collectColor(s: Cell; desc: PNimTypeV2; col: int; j: var GcEnv) =
         t.setColor(colBlack)
         trace(t, desc, j)
 
+const
+  defaultThreshold = when defined(nimFixedOrc): 10_000 else: 128
+
+when defined(nimStressOrc):
+  const rootsThreshold = 10 # broken with -d:nimStressOrc: 10 and for havlak iterations 1..8
+else:
+  var rootsThreshold {.threadvar.}: int
+
 proc collectCyclesBacon(j: var GcEnv; lowMark: int) =
   # pretty direct translation from
   # https://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/files/us-bacon/Bacon01Concurrent.pdf
@@ -337,20 +349,28 @@ proc collectCyclesBacon(j: var GcEnv; lowMark: int) =
     s.rootIdx = 0
     collectColor(s, roots.d[i][1], colToCollect, j)
 
+  # Bug #22927: `free` calls destructors which can append to `roots`.
+  # We protect against this here by setting `roots.len` to 0 and also
+  # setting the threshold so high that no cycle collection can be triggered
+  # until we are out of this critical section:
+  when not defined(nimStressOrc):
+    let oldThreshold = rootsThreshold
+    rootsThreshold = high(int)
+  roots.len = 0
+
   for i in 0 ..< j.toFree.len:
+    when orcLeakDetector:
+      writeCell("CYCLIC OBJECT FREED", j.toFree.d[i][0], j.toFree.d[i][1])
     free(j.toFree.d[i][0], j.toFree.d[i][1])
 
+  when not defined(nimStressOrc):
+    rootsThreshold = oldThreshold
+
   inc j.freed, j.toFree.len
   deinit j.toFree
-  #roots.len = 0
 
-const
-  defaultThreshold = when defined(nimFixedOrc): 10_000 else: 128
-
-when defined(nimStressOrc):
-  const rootsThreshold = 10 # broken with -d:nimStressOrc: 10 and for havlak iterations 1..8
-else:
-  var rootsThreshold {.threadvar.}: int
+when defined(nimOrcStats):
+  var freedCyclicObjects {.threadvar.}: int
 
 proc partialCollect(lowMark: int) =
   when false:
@@ -365,6 +385,8 @@ proc partialCollect(lowMark: int) =
       roots.len - lowMark)
   roots.len = lowMark
   deinit j.traceStack
+  when defined(nimOrcStats):
+    inc freedCyclicObjects, j.freed
 
 proc collectCycles() =
   ## Collect cycles.
@@ -385,7 +407,8 @@ proc collectCycles() =
     collectCyclesBacon(j, 0)
 
   deinit j.traceStack
-  deinit roots
+  if roots.len == 0:
+    deinit roots
 
   when not defined(nimStressOrc):
     # compute the threshold based on the previous history
@@ -405,6 +428,16 @@ proc collectCycles() =
   when logOrc:
     cfprintf(cstderr, "[collectCycles] end; freed %ld new threshold %ld touched: %ld mem: %ld rcSum: %ld edges: %ld\n", j.freed, rootsThreshold, j.touched,
       getOccupiedMem(), j.rcSum, j.edges)
+  when defined(nimOrcStats):
+    inc freedCyclicObjects, j.freed
+
+when defined(nimOrcStats):
+  type
+    OrcStats* = object ## Statistics of the cycle collector subsystem.
+      freedCyclicObjects*: int ## Number of freed cyclic objects.
+  proc GC_orcStats*(): OrcStats =
+    ## Returns the statistics of the cycle collector subsystem.
+    result = OrcStats(freedCyclicObjects: freedCyclicObjects)
 
 proc registerCycle(s: Cell; desc: PNimTypeV2) =
   s.rootIdx = roots.len+1
diff --git a/lib/system/repr.nim b/lib/system/repr.nim
index 6b6f7e340..13118e40b 100644
--- a/lib/system/repr.nim
+++ b/lib/system/repr.nim
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ proc reprFloat(x: float): string {.compilerproc.} = return $x
 
 proc reprPointer(x: pointer): string {.compilerproc.} =
   result = newString(60)
-  let n = c_sprintf(cast[cstring](addr result[0]), "%p", x)
+  let n = c_snprintf(cast[cstring](addr result[0]), csize_t(60), "%p", x)
   setLen(result, n)
 
 proc reprStrAux(result: var string, s: cstring; len: int) =
diff --git a/lib/system/repr_v2.nim b/lib/system/repr_v2.nim
index f81c615e9..d2aef536c 100644
--- a/lib/system/repr_v2.nim
+++ b/lib/system/repr_v2.nim
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ proc repr*(x: char): string {.noSideEffect, raises: [].} =
   ##   ```Nim
   ##   assert repr('c') == "'c'"
   ##   ```
-  result.add '\''
+  result = "'"
   # Elides string creations if not needed
   if x in {'\\', '\0'..'\31', '\127'..'\255'}:
     result.add '\\'
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ proc repr*(x: char): string {.noSideEffect, raises: [].} =
 proc repr*(x: string | cstring): string {.noSideEffect, raises: [].} =
   ## repr for a string argument. Returns `x`
   ## converted to a quoted and escaped string.
-  result.add '\"'
+  result = "\""
   for i in 0..<x.len:
     if x[i] in {'"', '\\', '\0'..'\31', '\127'..'\255'}:
       result.add '\\'
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ proc repr*(p: proc | iterator {.closure.}): string =
   ## repr of a proc as its address
   repr(cast[ptr pointer](unsafeAddr p)[])
 
-template repr*[T: distinct|range](x: T): string =
+template repr*[T: distinct|(range and not enum)](x: T): string =
   when T is range: # add a branch to handle range
     repr(rangeBase(typeof(x))(x))
   elif T is distinct:
diff --git a/lib/system/reprjs.nim b/lib/system/reprjs.nim
index 30e84ebee..761d66aec 100644
--- a/lib/system/reprjs.nim
+++ b/lib/system/reprjs.nim
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ proc reprBool(x: bool): string {.compilerRtl.} =
 proc reprEnum(e: int, typ: PNimType): string {.compilerRtl.} =
   var tmp: bool
   let item = typ.node.sons[e]
-  {.emit: "`tmp` = `item` !== undefined".}
+  {.emit: "`tmp` = `item` !== undefined;".}
   if tmp:
     result = makeNimstrLit(item.name)
   else:
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ proc reprArray(a: pointer, typ: PNimType,
   add(result, "]")
 
 proc isPointedToNil(p: pointer): bool =
-  {. emit: "if (`p` === null) {`result` = true};\n" .}
+  {. emit: "if (`p` === null) {`result` = true;}\n" .}
 
 proc reprRef(result: var string, p: pointer, typ: PNimType,
           cl: var ReprClosure) =
diff --git a/lib/system/seqs_v2.nim b/lib/system/seqs_v2.nim
index b71b81762..572e77408 100644
--- a/lib/system/seqs_v2.nim
+++ b/lib/system/seqs_v2.nim
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #
 
 
-# import typetraits
+# import std/typetraits
 # strs already imported allocateds for us.
 
 
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 {.push warning[StrictNotNil]: off.}  # See https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/issues/21401
 
 
-proc supportsCopyMem(t: typedesc): bool {.magic: "TypeTrait".}
-
 ## Default seq implementation used by Nim's core.
 type
   NimSeqPayloadBase = object
@@ -50,6 +48,15 @@ proc newSeqPayload(cap, elemSize, elemAlign: int): pointer {.compilerRtl, raises
   else:
     result = nil
 
+proc newSeqPayloadUninit(cap, elemSize, elemAlign: int): pointer {.compilerRtl, raises: [].} =
+  # Used in `newSeqOfCap()`.
+  if cap > 0:
+    var p = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedAlloc(align(sizeof(NimSeqPayloadBase), elemAlign) + cap * elemSize, elemAlign))
+    p.cap = cap
+    result = p
+  else:
+    result = nil
+
 template `+!`(p: pointer, s: int): pointer =
   cast[pointer](cast[int](p) +% s)
 
@@ -70,15 +77,48 @@ proc prepareSeqAdd(len: int; p: pointer; addlen, elemSize, elemAlign: int): poin
       var p = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](p)
       let oldCap = p.cap and not strlitFlag
       let newCap = max(resize(oldCap), len+addlen)
+      var q: ptr NimSeqPayloadBase
       if (p.cap and strlitFlag) == strlitFlag:
-        var q = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedAlloc0(headerSize + elemSize * newCap, elemAlign))
+        q = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedAlloc(headerSize + elemSize * newCap, elemAlign))
+        copyMem(q +! headerSize, p +! headerSize, len * elemSize)
+      else:
+        let oldSize = headerSize + elemSize * oldCap
+        let newSize = headerSize + elemSize * newCap
+        q = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedRealloc(p, oldSize, newSize, elemAlign))
+
+      zeroMem(q +! headerSize +! len * elemSize, addlen * elemSize)
+      q.cap = newCap
+      result = q
+
+proc zeroNewElements(len: int; q: pointer; addlen, elemSize, elemAlign: int) {.
+    noSideEffect, tags: [], raises: [], compilerRtl.} =
+  {.noSideEffect.}:
+    let headerSize = align(sizeof(NimSeqPayloadBase), elemAlign)
+    zeroMem(q +! headerSize +! len * elemSize, addlen * elemSize)
+
+proc prepareSeqAddUninit(len: int; p: pointer; addlen, elemSize, elemAlign: int): pointer {.
+    noSideEffect, tags: [], raises: [], compilerRtl.} =
+  {.noSideEffect.}:
+    let headerSize = align(sizeof(NimSeqPayloadBase), elemAlign)
+    if addlen <= 0:
+      result = p
+    elif p == nil:
+      result = newSeqPayloadUninit(len+addlen, elemSize, elemAlign)
+    else:
+      # Note: this means we cannot support things that have internal pointers as
+      # they get reallocated here. This needs to be documented clearly.
+      var p = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](p)
+      let oldCap = p.cap and not strlitFlag
+      let newCap = max(resize(oldCap), len+addlen)
+      if (p.cap and strlitFlag) == strlitFlag:
+        var q = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedAlloc(headerSize + elemSize * newCap, elemAlign))
         copyMem(q +! headerSize, p +! headerSize, len * elemSize)
         q.cap = newCap
         result = q
       else:
         let oldSize = headerSize + elemSize * oldCap
         let newSize = headerSize + elemSize * newCap
-        var q = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedRealloc0(p, oldSize, newSize, elemAlign))
+        var q = cast[ptr NimSeqPayloadBase](alignedRealloc(p, oldSize, newSize, elemAlign))
         q.cap = newCap
         result = q
 
@@ -95,16 +135,17 @@ proc shrink*[T](x: var seq[T]; newLen: Natural) {.tags: [], raises: [].} =
     {.noSideEffect.}:
       cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](addr x).len = newLen
 
-proc grow*[T](x: var seq[T]; newLen: Natural; value: T) =
+proc grow*[T](x: var seq[T]; newLen: Natural; value: T) {.nodestroy.} =
   let oldLen = x.len
   #sysAssert newLen >= x.len, "invalid newLen parameter for 'grow'"
   if newLen <= oldLen: return
   var xu = cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](addr x)
   if xu.p == nil or (xu.p.cap and not strlitFlag) < newLen:
-    xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAdd(oldLen, xu.p, newLen - oldLen, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
+    xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAddUninit(oldLen, xu.p, newLen - oldLen, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
   xu.len = newLen
   for i in oldLen .. newLen-1:
-    xu.p.data[i] = value
+    wasMoved(xu.p.data[i])
+    `=copy`(xu.p.data[i], value)
 
 proc add*[T](x: var seq[T]; y: sink T) {.magic: "AppendSeqElem", noSideEffect, nodestroy.} =
   ## Generic proc for adding a data item `y` to a container `x`.
@@ -117,7 +158,7 @@ proc add*[T](x: var seq[T]; y: sink T) {.magic: "AppendSeqElem", noSideEffect, n
     let oldLen = x.len
     var xu = cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](addr x)
     if xu.p == nil or (xu.p.cap and not strlitFlag) < oldLen+1:
-      xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAdd(oldLen, xu.p, 1, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
+      xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAddUninit(oldLen, xu.p, 1, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
     xu.len = oldLen+1
     # .nodestroy means `xu.p.data[oldLen] = value` is compiled into a
     # copyMem(). This is fine as know by construction that
@@ -125,7 +166,7 @@ proc add*[T](x: var seq[T]; y: sink T) {.magic: "AppendSeqElem", noSideEffect, n
     # We also save the `wasMoved + destroy` pair for the sink parameter.
     xu.p.data[oldLen] = y
 
-proc setLen[T](s: var seq[T], newlen: Natural) =
+proc setLen[T](s: var seq[T], newlen: Natural) {.nodestroy.} =
   {.noSideEffect.}:
     if newlen < s.len:
       shrink(s, newlen)
@@ -134,7 +175,7 @@ proc setLen[T](s: var seq[T], newlen: Natural) =
       if newlen <= oldLen: return
       var xu = cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](addr s)
       if xu.p == nil or (xu.p.cap and not strlitFlag) < newlen:
-        xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAdd(oldLen, xu.p, newlen - oldLen, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
+        xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAddUninit(oldLen, xu.p, newlen - oldLen, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
       xu.len = newlen
       for i in oldLen..<newlen:
         xu.p.data[i] = default(T)
@@ -143,11 +184,9 @@ proc newSeq[T](s: var seq[T], len: Natural) =
   shrink(s, 0)
   setLen(s, len)
 
-proc sameSeqPayload(x: pointer, y: pointer): bool {.compilerproc, inline.} =
+proc sameSeqPayload(x: pointer, y: pointer): bool {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
   result = cast[ptr NimRawSeq](x)[].p == cast[ptr NimRawSeq](y)[].p
 
-template capacityImpl(sek: NimSeqV2): int =
-  if sek.p != nil: (sek.p.cap and not strlitFlag) else: 0
 
 func capacity*[T](self: seq[T]): int {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the current capacity of the seq.
@@ -157,9 +196,32 @@ func capacity*[T](self: seq[T]): int {.inline.} =
     lst.add "Nim"
     assert lst.capacity == 42
 
-  {.cast(noSideEffect).}:
-    let sek = unsafeAddr self
-    result = capacityImpl(cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](sek)[])
+  let sek = cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](unsafeAddr self)
+  result = if sek.p != nil: sek.p.cap and not strlitFlag else: 0
 
+func setLenUninit*[T](s: var seq[T], newlen: Natural) {.nodestroy.} =
+  ## Sets the length of seq `s` to `newlen`. `T` may be any sequence type.
+  ## New slots will not be initialized.
+  ##
+  ## If the current length is greater than the new length,
+  ## `s` will be truncated.
+  ##   ```nim
+  ##   var x = @[10, 20]
+  ##   x.setLenUninit(5)
+  ##   x[4] = 50
+  ##   assert x[4] == 50
+  ##   x.setLenUninit(1)
+  ##   assert x == @[10]
+  ##   ```
+  {.noSideEffect.}:
+    if newlen < s.len:
+      shrink(s, newlen)
+    else:
+      let oldLen = s.len
+      if newlen <= oldLen: return
+      var xu = cast[ptr NimSeqV2[T]](addr s)
+      if xu.p == nil or (xu.p.cap and not strlitFlag) < newlen:
+        xu.p = cast[typeof(xu.p)](prepareSeqAddUninit(oldLen, xu.p, newlen - oldLen, sizeof(T), alignof(T)))
+      xu.len = newlen
 
 {.pop.}  # See https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/issues/21401
diff --git a/lib/system/strmantle.nim b/lib/system/strmantle.nim
index 60c63501c..89046253b 100644
--- a/lib/system/strmantle.nim
+++ b/lib/system/strmantle.nim
@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@ proc cmpStrings(a, b: string): int {.inline, compilerproc.} =
   else:
     result = alen - blen
 
+proc leStrings(a, b: string): bool {.inline, compilerproc.} =
+  # required by upcoming backends (NIR).
+  cmpStrings(a, b) <= 0
+
+proc ltStrings(a, b: string): bool {.inline, compilerproc.} =
+  # required by upcoming backends (NIR).
+  cmpStrings(a, b) < 0
+
 proc eqStrings(a, b: string): bool {.inline, compilerproc.} =
   let alen = a.len
   let blen = b.len
diff --git a/lib/system/strs_v2.nim b/lib/system/strs_v2.nim
index e161172b2..404b4f78d 100644
--- a/lib/system/strs_v2.nim
+++ b/lib/system/strs_v2.nim
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ proc setLengthStrV2(s: var NimStringV2, newLen: int) {.compilerRtl.} =
   s.len = newLen
 
 proc nimAsgnStrV2(a: var NimStringV2, b: NimStringV2) {.compilerRtl.} =
-  if a.p == b.p: return
+  if a.p == b.p and a.len == b.len: return
   if isLiteral(b):
     # we can shallow copy literals:
     frees(a)
@@ -201,9 +201,16 @@ proc prepareMutation*(s: var string) {.inline.} =
     let s = unsafeAddr s
     nimPrepareStrMutationV2(cast[ptr NimStringV2](s)[])
 
+proc nimAddStrV1(s: var NimStringV2; src: NimStringV2) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
+  #if (s.p == nil) or (s.len+1 > s.p.cap and not strlitFlag):
+  prepareAdd(s, src.len)
+  appendString s, src
+
+proc nimDestroyStrV1(s: NimStringV2) {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
+  frees(s)
 
-template capacityImpl(str: NimStringV2): int =
-  if str.p != nil: str.p.cap else: 0
+proc nimStrAtLe(s: string; idx: int; ch: char): bool {.compilerRtl, inl.} =
+  result = idx < s.len and s[idx] <= ch
 
 func capacity*(self: string): int {.inline.} =
   ## Returns the current capacity of the string.
@@ -213,6 +220,5 @@ func capacity*(self: string): int {.inline.} =
     str.add "Nim"
     assert str.capacity == 42
 
-  {.cast(noSideEffect).}:
-    let str = unsafeAddr self
-    result = capacityImpl(cast[ptr NimStringV2](str)[])
+  let str = cast[ptr NimStringV2](unsafeAddr self)
+  result = if str.p != nil: str.p.cap and not strlitFlag else: 0
diff --git a/lib/system/sysstr.nim b/lib/system/sysstr.nim
index b8dc7101d..3621c4960 100644
--- a/lib/system/sysstr.nim
+++ b/lib/system/sysstr.nim
@@ -47,27 +47,22 @@ else:
   template allocStrNoInit(size: untyped): untyped =
     cast[NimString](newObjNoInit(addr(strDesc), size))
 
-proc rawNewStringNoInit(space: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
-  var s = space
-  if s < 7: s = 7
+proc rawNewStringNoInit(space: int): NimString =
+  let s = max(space, 7)
   result = allocStrNoInit(sizeof(TGenericSeq) + s + 1)
   result.reserved = s
-  result.len = 0
   when defined(gogc):
     result.elemSize = 1
 
 proc rawNewString(space: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
-  var s = space
-  if s < 7: s = 7
-  result = allocStr(sizeof(TGenericSeq) + s + 1)
-  result.reserved = s
+  result = rawNewStringNoInit(space)
   result.len = 0
-  when defined(gogc):
-    result.elemSize = 1
+  result.data[0] = '\0'
 
 proc mnewString(len: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
-  result = rawNewString(len)
+  result = rawNewStringNoInit(len)
   result.len = len
+  zeroMem(addr result.data[0], len + 1)
 
 proc copyStrLast(s: NimString, start, last: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
   # This is not used by most recent versions of the compiler anymore, but
@@ -75,13 +70,10 @@ proc copyStrLast(s: NimString, start, last: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
   let start = max(start, 0)
   if s == nil: return nil
   let len = min(last, s.len-1) - start + 1
-  if len > 0:
-    result = rawNewStringNoInit(len)
-    result.len = len
-    copyMem(addr(result.data), addr(s.data[start]), len)
-    result.data[len] = '\0'
-  else:
-    result = rawNewString(len)
+  result = rawNewStringNoInit(len)
+  result.len = len
+  copyMem(addr(result.data), addr(s.data[start]), len)
+  result.data[len] = '\0'
 
 proc copyStr(s: NimString, start: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
   # This is not used by most recent versions of the compiler anymore, but
@@ -96,7 +88,8 @@ proc nimToCStringConv(s: NimString): cstring {.compilerproc, nonReloadable, inli
 proc toNimStr(str: cstring, len: int): NimString {.compilerproc.} =
   result = rawNewStringNoInit(len)
   result.len = len
-  copyMem(addr(result.data), str, len + 1)
+  copyMem(addr(result.data), str, len)
+  result.data[len] = '\0'
 
 proc cstrToNimstr(str: cstring): NimString {.compilerRtl.} =
   if str == nil: NimString(nil)
@@ -201,7 +194,7 @@ proc addChar(s: NimString, c: char): NimString =
 
 proc resizeString(dest: NimString, addlen: int): NimString {.compilerRtl.} =
   if dest == nil:
-    result = rawNewStringNoInit(addlen)
+    result = rawNewString(addlen)
   elif dest.len + addlen <= dest.space:
     result = dest
   else: # slow path:
@@ -227,15 +220,18 @@ proc appendChar(dest: NimString, c: char) {.compilerproc, inline.} =
 proc setLengthStr(s: NimString, newLen: int): NimString {.compilerRtl.} =
   let n = max(newLen, 0)
   if s == nil:
-    result = mnewString(newLen)
+    if n == 0:
+      return s
+    else:
+      result = mnewString(n)
   elif n <= s.space:
     result = s
   else:
-    let sp = max(resize(s.space), newLen)
+    let sp = max(resize(s.space), n)
     result = rawNewStringNoInit(sp)
     result.len = s.len
-    copyMem(addr result.data[0], unsafeAddr(s.data[0]), s.len+1)
-    zeroMem(addr result.data[s.len], newLen - s.len)
+    copyMem(addr result.data[0], unsafeAddr(s.data[0]), s.len)
+    zeroMem(addr result.data[s.len], n - s.len)
     result.reserved = sp
   result.len = n
   result.data[n] = '\0'
@@ -308,7 +304,10 @@ proc setLengthSeqV2(s: PGenericSeq, typ: PNimType, newLen: int): PGenericSeq {.
     compilerRtl.} =
   sysAssert typ.kind == tySequence, "setLengthSeqV2: type is not a seq"
   if s == nil:
-    result = cast[PGenericSeq](newSeq(typ, newLen))
+    if newLen == 0:
+      result = s
+    else:
+      result = cast[PGenericSeq](newSeq(typ, newLen))
   else:
     let elemSize = typ.base.size
     let elemAlign = typ.base.align
@@ -340,3 +339,25 @@ proc setLengthSeqV2(s: PGenericSeq, typ: PNimType, newLen: int): PGenericSeq {.
       result = s
       zeroMem(dataPointer(result, elemAlign, elemSize, result.len), (newLen-%result.len) *% elemSize)
     result.len = newLen
+
+func capacity*(self: string): int {.inline.} =
+  ## Returns the current capacity of the string.
+  # See https://github.com/nim-lang/RFCs/issues/460
+  runnableExamples:
+    var str = newStringOfCap(cap = 42)
+    str.add "Nim"
+    assert str.capacity == 42
+
+  let str = cast[NimString](self)
+  result = if str != nil: str.space else: 0
+
+func capacity*[T](self: seq[T]): int {.inline.} =
+  ## Returns the current capacity of the seq.
+  # See https://github.com/nim-lang/RFCs/issues/460
+  runnableExamples:
+    var lst = newSeqOfCap[string](cap = 42)
+    lst.add "Nim"
+    assert lst.capacity == 42
+
+  let sek = cast[PGenericSeq](self)
+  result = if sek != nil: sek.space else: 0
diff --git a/lib/windows/winlean.nim b/lib/windows/winlean.nim
index f8c6ce021..79681376b 100644
--- a/lib/windows/winlean.nim
+++ b/lib/windows/winlean.nim
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 ## This module implements a small wrapper for some needed Win API procedures,
 ## so that the Nim compiler does not depend on the huge Windows module.
 
-import dynlib
+import std/dynlib
 
 when defined(nimHasStyleChecks):
   {.push styleChecks: off.}
diff --git a/lib/wrappers/openssl.nim b/lib/wrappers/openssl.nim
index b94ddaa21..9921b7ffd 100644
--- a/lib/wrappers/openssl.nim
+++ b/lib/wrappers/openssl.nim
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 # https://www.feistyduck.com/library/openssl-cookbook/online/ch-testing-with-openssl.html
 #
-from strutils import startsWith
+from std/strutils import startsWith
 
 when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
   import std/syncio
@@ -51,17 +51,17 @@ when sslVersion != "":
     const
       DLLSSLName* = "libssl." & sslVersion & ".dylib"
       DLLUtilName* = "libcrypto." & sslVersion & ".dylib"
-    from posix import SocketHandle
+    from std/posix import SocketHandle
   elif defined(windows):
     const
       DLLSSLName* = "libssl-" & sslVersion & ".dll"
       DLLUtilName* =  "libcrypto-" & sslVersion & ".dll"
-    from winlean import SocketHandle
+    from std/winlean import SocketHandle
   else:
     const
       DLLSSLName* = "libssl.so." & sslVersion
       DLLUtilName* = "libcrypto.so." & sslVersion
-    from posix import SocketHandle
+    from std/posix import SocketHandle
 
 elif useWinVersion:
   when defined(openssl10) or defined(nimOldDlls):
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ elif useWinVersion:
       DLLSSLName* = "(libssl-1_1|ssleay32|libssl32).dll"
       DLLUtilName* = "(libcrypto-1_1|libeay32).dll"
 
-  from winlean import SocketHandle
+  from std/winlean import SocketHandle
 else:
   # same list of versions but ordered differently?
   when defined(osx):
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ else:
     const
       DLLSSLName* = "libssl.so" & versions
       DLLUtilName* = "libcrypto.so" & versions
-  from posix import SocketHandle
+  from std/posix import SocketHandle
 
-import dynlib
+import std/dynlib
 
 {.pragma: lcrypto, cdecl, dynlib: DLLUtilName, importc.}
 {.pragma: lssl, cdecl, dynlib: DLLSSLName, importc.}
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ proc md5*(d: ptr uint8; n: csize_t; md: ptr uint8): ptr uint8{.importc: "MD5".}
 proc md5_Transform*(c: var MD5_CTX; b: ptr uint8){.importc: "MD5_Transform".}
 {.pop.}
 
-from strutils import toHex, toLowerAscii
+from std/strutils import toHex, toLowerAscii
 
 proc hexStr(buf: cstring): string =
   # turn md5s output into a nice hex str