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diff --git a/tools/kochdocs.nim b/tools/kochdocs.nim
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+## Part of 'koch' responsible for the documentation generation.
+
+import std/[os, strutils, osproc, sets, pathnorm, sequtils, pegs]
+
+import officialpackages
+export exec
+
+when defined(nimPreviewSlimSystem):
+  import std/assertions
+
+from std/private/globs import nativeToUnixPath, walkDirRecFilter, PathEntry
+import "../compiler/nimpaths"
+
+const
+  gaCode* = " --doc.googleAnalytics:UA-48159761-1"
+  paCode* = " --doc.plausibleAnalytics:nim-lang.org"
+  # errormax: subsequent errors are probably consequences of 1st one; a simple
+  # bug could cause unlimited number of errors otherwise, hard to debug in CI.
+  docDefines = "-d:nimExperimentalLinenoiseExtra"
+  nimArgs = "--errormax:3 --hint:Conf:off --hint:Path:off --hint:Processing:off --hint:XDeclaredButNotUsed:off --warning:UnusedImport:off -d:boot --putenv:nimversion=$# $#" % [system.NimVersion, docDefines]
+  gitUrl = "https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim"
+  docHtmlOutput = "doc/html"
+  webUploadOutput = "web/upload"
+
+var nimExe*: string
+const allowList = ["jsbigints.nim", "jsheaders.nim", "jsformdata.nim", "jsfetch.nim", "jsutils.nim"]
+
+template isJsOnly(file: string): bool =
+  file.isRelativeTo("lib/js") or
+  file.extractFilename in allowList
+
+proc exe*(f: string): string =
+  result = addFileExt(f, ExeExt)
+  when defined(windows):
+    result = result.replace('/','\\')
+
+proc findNimImpl*(): tuple[path: string, ok: bool] =
+  if nimExe.len > 0: return (nimExe, true)
+  let nim = "nim".exe
+  result.path = "bin" / nim
+  result.ok = true
+  if fileExists(result.path): return
+  for dir in split(getEnv("PATH"), PathSep):
+    result.path = dir / nim
+    if fileExists(result.path): return
+  # assume there is a symlink to the exe or something:
+  return (nim, false)
+
+proc findNim*(): string = findNimImpl().path
+
+template inFold*(desc, body) =
+  if existsEnv("GITHUB_ACTIONS"):
+    echo "::group::" & desc
+  elif existsEnv("TF_BUILD"):
+    echo "##[group]" & desc
+  body
+  if existsEnv("GITHUB_ACTIONS"):
+    echo "::endgroup::"
+  elif existsEnv("TF_BUILD"):
+    echo "##[endgroup]"
+
+proc execFold*(desc, cmd: string, errorcode: int = QuitFailure, additionalPath = "") =
+  ## Execute shell command. Add log folding for various CI services.
+  let desc = if desc.len == 0: cmd else: desc
+  inFold(desc):
+    exec(cmd, errorcode, additionalPath)
+
+proc execCleanPath*(cmd: string,
+                   additionalPath = ""; errorcode: int = QuitFailure) =
+  # simulate a poor man's virtual environment
+  let prevPath = getEnv("PATH")
+  when defined(windows):
+    let cleanPath = r"$1\system32;$1;$1\System32\Wbem" % getEnv"SYSTEMROOT"
+  else:
+    const cleanPath = r"/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin"
+  putEnv("PATH", cleanPath & PathSep & additionalPath)
+  echo(cmd)
+  if execShellCmd(cmd) != 0: quit("FAILURE", errorcode)
+  putEnv("PATH", prevPath)
+
+proc nimexec*(cmd: string) =
+  # Consider using `nimCompile` instead
+  exec findNim().quoteShell() & " " & cmd
+
+proc nimCompile*(input: string, outputDir = "bin", mode = "c", options = "") =
+  let output = outputDir / input.splitFile.name.exe
+  let cmd = findNim().quoteShell() & " " & mode & " -o:" & output & " " & options & " " & input
+  exec cmd
+
+proc nimCompileFold*(desc, input: string, outputDir = "bin", mode = "c", options = "", outputName = "") =
+  let outputName2 = if outputName.len == 0: input.splitFile.name.exe else: outputName.exe
+  let output = outputDir / outputName2
+  let cmd = findNim().quoteShell() & " " & mode & " -o:" & output & " " & options & " " & input
+  execFold(desc, cmd)
+
+const officialPackagesMarkdown = """
+pkgs/atlas/doc/atlas.md
+""".splitWhitespace()
+
+proc getMd2html(): seq[string] =
+  for a in walkDirRecFilter("doc"):
+    let path = a.path
+    if a.kind == pcFile and path.splitFile.ext == ".md" and path.lastPathPart notin
+        ["docs.md",
+         "docstyle.md" # docstyle.md shouldn't be converted to html separately;
+                       # it's included in contributing.md.
+        ]:
+          # `docs` is redundant with `overview`, might as well remove that file?
+      result.add path
+  for md in officialPackagesMarkdown:
+    result.add md
+  doAssert "doc/manual/var_t_return.md".unixToNativePath in result # sanity check
+
+const
+  mdPdfList = """
+manual.md
+lib.md
+tut1.md
+tut2.md
+tut3.md
+nimc.md
+niminst.md
+mm.md
+""".splitWhitespace().mapIt("doc" / it)
+
+  withoutIndex = """
+lib/wrappers/tinyc.nim
+lib/wrappers/pcre.nim
+lib/wrappers/openssl.nim
+lib/posix/posix.nim
+lib/posix/linux.nim
+lib/posix/termios.nim
+""".splitWhitespace()
+
+  # some of these are include files so shouldn't be docgen'd
+  ignoredModules = """
+lib/pure/future.nim
+lib/pure/collections/hashcommon.nim
+lib/pure/collections/tableimpl.nim
+lib/pure/collections/setimpl.nim
+lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_kqueue.nim
+lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_select.nim
+lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_poll.nim
+lib/pure/ioselects/ioselectors_epoll.nim
+lib/posix/posix_macos_amd64.nim
+lib/posix/posix_other.nim
+lib/posix/posix_nintendoswitch.nim
+lib/posix/posix_nintendoswitch_consts.nim
+lib/posix/posix_linux_amd64.nim
+lib/posix/posix_linux_amd64_consts.nim
+lib/posix/posix_other_consts.nim
+lib/posix/posix_freertos_consts.nim
+lib/posix/posix_openbsd_amd64.nim
+lib/posix/posix_haiku.nim
+lib/pure/md5.nim
+lib/std/sha1.nim
+lib/pure/htmlparser.nim
+""".splitWhitespace()
+
+  officialPackagesList = """
+pkgs/asyncftpclient/src/asyncftpclient.nim
+pkgs/smtp/src/smtp.nim
+pkgs/punycode/src/punycode.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/db_common.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/db_mysql.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/db_odbc.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/db_postgres.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/db_sqlite.nim
+pkgs/checksums/src/checksums/md5.nim
+pkgs/checksums/src/checksums/sha1.nim
+pkgs/checksums/src/checksums/sha2.nim
+pkgs/checksums/src/checksums/sha3.nim
+pkgs/checksums/src/checksums/bcrypt.nim
+pkgs/htmlparser/src/htmlparser.nim
+""".splitWhitespace()
+
+  officialPackagesListWithoutIndex = """
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/mysql.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/sqlite3.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/postgres.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/odbcsql.nim
+pkgs/db_connector/src/db_connector/private/dbutils.nim
+""".splitWhitespace()
+
+when (NimMajor, NimMinor) < (1, 1) or not declared(isRelativeTo):
+  proc isRelativeTo(path, base: string): bool =
+    let path = path.normalizedPath
+    let base = base.normalizedPath
+    let ret = relativePath(path, base)
+    result = path.len > 0 and not ret.startsWith ".."
+
+proc getDocList(): seq[string] =
+  ##
+  var docIgnore: HashSet[string]
+  for a in withoutIndex: docIgnore.incl a
+  for a in ignoredModules: docIgnore.incl a
+
+  # don't ignore these even though in lib/system (not include files)
+  const goodSystem = """
+lib/system/nimscript.nim
+lib/system/assertions.nim
+lib/system/iterators.nim
+lib/system/exceptions.nim
+lib/system/dollars.nim
+lib/system/ctypes.nim
+""".splitWhitespace()
+
+  proc follow(a: PathEntry): bool =
+    result = a.path.lastPathPart notin ["nimcache", htmldocsDirname,
+                                        "includes", "deprecated", "genode"] and
+      not a.path.isRelativeTo("lib/fusion") # fusion was un-bundled but we need to keep this in case user has it installed
+  for entry in walkDirRecFilter("lib", follow = follow):
+    let a = entry.path
+    if entry.kind != pcFile or a.splitFile.ext != ".nim" or
+       (a.isRelativeTo("lib/system") and a.nativeToUnixPath notin goodSystem) or
+       a.nativeToUnixPath in docIgnore:
+         continue
+    result.add a
+  result.add normalizePath("nimsuggest/sexp.nim")
+
+let doc = getDocList()
+
+proc sexec(cmds: openArray[string]) =
+  ## Serial queue wrapper around exec.
+  for cmd in cmds:
+    echo(cmd)
+    let (outp, exitCode) = osproc.execCmdEx(cmd)
+    if exitCode != 0: quit outp
+
+proc mexec(cmds: openArray[string]) =
+  ## Multiprocessor version of exec
+  let r = execProcesses(cmds, {poStdErrToStdOut, poParentStreams, poEchoCmd})
+  if r != 0:
+    echo "external program failed, retrying serial work queue for logs!"
+    sexec(cmds)
+
+proc buildDocSamples(nimArgs, destPath: string) =
+  ## Special case documentation sample proc.
+  ##
+  ## TODO: consider integrating into the existing generic documentation builders
+  ## now that we have a single `doc` command.
+  exec(findNim().quoteShell() & " doc $# -o:$# $#" %
+    [nimArgs, destPath / "docgen_sample.html", "doc" / "docgen_sample.nim"])
+
+proc buildDocPackages(nimArgs, destPath: string, indexOnly: bool) =
+  # compiler docs; later, other packages (perhaps tools, testament etc)
+  let nim = findNim().quoteShell()
+    # to avoid broken links to manual from compiler dir, but a multi-package
+    # structure could be supported later
+
+  proc docProject(outdir, options, mainproj: string) =
+    exec("$nim doc --project --outdir:$outdir $nimArgs --git.url:$gitUrl $index $options $mainproj" % [
+      "nim", nim,
+      "outdir", outdir,
+      "nimArgs", nimArgs,
+      "gitUrl", gitUrl,
+      "options", options,
+      "mainproj", mainproj,
+      "index", if indexOnly: "--index:only" else: ""
+      ])
+  let extra = "-u:boot"
+  # xxx keep in sync with what's in $nim_prs_D/config/nimdoc.cfg, or, rather,
+  # start using nims instead of nimdoc.cfg
+  docProject(destPath/"compiler", extra, "compiler/index.nim")
+
+proc buildDoc(nimArgs, destPath: string, indexOnly: bool) =
+  # call nim for the documentation:
+  let rst2html = getMd2html()
+  var
+    commands = newSeq[string](rst2html.len + len(doc) + withoutIndex.len +
+              officialPackagesList.len + officialPackagesListWithoutIndex.len)
+    i = 0
+  let nim = findNim().quoteShell()
+
+  let index = if indexOnly: "--index:only" else: ""
+  for d in items(rst2html):
+    commands[i] = nim & " md2html $# --git.url:$# -o:$# $# $#" %
+      [nimArgs, gitUrl,
+      destPath / changeFileExt(splitFile(d).name, "html"), index, d]
+    i.inc
+  for d in items(doc):
+    let extra = if isJsOnly(d): "--backend:js" else: ""
+    var nimArgs2 = nimArgs
+    if d.isRelativeTo("compiler"): doAssert false
+    commands[i] = nim & " doc $# $# --git.url:$# --outdir:$# $# $#" %
+      [extra, nimArgs2, gitUrl, destPath, index, d]
+    i.inc
+  for d in items(withoutIndex):
+    commands[i] = nim & " doc $# --git.url:$# -o:$# $#" %
+      [nimArgs, gitUrl,
+      destPath / changeFileExt(splitFile(d).name, "html"), d]
+    i.inc
+
+
+  for d in items(officialPackagesList):
+    var nimArgs2 = nimArgs
+    if d.isRelativeTo("compiler"): doAssert false
+    commands[i] = nim & " doc $# --outdir:$# --index:on $#" %
+      [nimArgs2, destPath, d]
+    i.inc
+  for d in items(officialPackagesListWithoutIndex):
+    commands[i] = nim & " doc $# -o:$# $#" %
+      [nimArgs,
+      destPath / changeFileExt(splitFile(d).name, "html"), d]
+    i.inc
+
+  mexec(commands)
+
+proc nim2pdf(src: string, dst: string, nimArgs: string) =
+  # xxx expose as a `nim` command or in some other reusable way.
+  let outDir = "build" / "xelatextmp" # xxx factor pending https://github.com/timotheecour/Nim/issues/616
+  # note: this will generate temporary files in gitignored `outDir`: aux toc log out tex
+  exec("$# md2tex $# --outdir:$# $#" % [findNim().quoteShell(), nimArgs, outDir.quoteShell, src.quoteShell])
+  let texFile = outDir / src.lastPathPart.changeFileExt("tex")
+  for i in 0..<3: # call LaTeX three times to get cross references right:
+    let xelatexLog = outDir / "xelatex.log"
+    # `>` should work on windows, if not, we can use `execCmdEx`
+    let cmd = "xelatex -interaction=nonstopmode -output-directory=$# $# > $#" % [outDir.quoteShell, texFile.quoteShell, xelatexLog.quoteShell]
+    exec(cmd) # on error, user can inspect `xelatexLog`
+    if i == 1:  # build .ind file
+      var texFileBase = texFile
+      texFileBase.removeSuffix(".tex")
+      let cmd = "makeindex $# > $#" % [
+          texFileBase.quoteShell, xelatexLog.quoteShell]
+      exec(cmd)
+  moveFile(texFile.changeFileExt("pdf"), dst)
+
+proc buildPdfDoc*(args: string, destPath: string) =
+  let args = nimArgs & " " & args
+  var pdfList: seq[string]
+  createDir(destPath)
+  if os.execShellCmd("xelatex -version") != 0:
+    doAssert false, "xelatex not found" # or, raise an exception
+  else:
+    for src in items(mdPdfList):
+      let dst = destPath / src.lastPathPart.changeFileExt("pdf")
+      pdfList.add dst
+      nim2pdf(src, dst, args)
+  echo "\nOutput PDF files: \n  ", pdfList.join(" ") # because `nim2pdf` is a bit verbose
+
+proc buildJS(): string =
+  let nim = findNim()
+  exec("$# js -d:release --out:$# tools/nimblepkglist.nim" %
+      [nim.quoteShell(), webUploadOutput / "nimblepkglist.js"])
+      # xxx deadcode? and why is it only for webUploadOutput, not for local docs?
+  result = getDocHacksJs(nimr = getCurrentDir(), nim)
+
+proc buildDocsDir*(args: string, dir: string) =
+  let args = nimArgs & " " & args
+  let docHackJsSource = buildJS()
+  gitClonePackages(@["asyncftpclient", "punycode", "smtp", "db_connector", "checksums", "atlas", "htmlparser"])
+  createDir(dir)
+  buildDocSamples(args, dir)
+
+  # generate `.idx` files and top-level `theindex.html`:
+  buildDoc(args, dir, indexOnly=true) # bottleneck
+  let nim = findNim().quoteShell()
+  exec(nim & " buildIndex -o:$1/theindex.html $1" % [dir])
+    # caveat: this works so long it's called before `buildDocPackages` which
+    # populates `compiler/` with unrelated idx files that shouldn't be in index,
+    # so should work in CI but you may need to remove your generated html files
+    # locally after calling `./koch docs`. The clean fix would be for `idx` files
+    # to be transient with `--project` (eg all in memory).
+  buildDocPackages(args, dir, indexOnly=true)
+
+  # generate HTML and package-level `theindex.html`:
+  buildDoc(args, dir, indexOnly=false) # bottleneck
+  buildDocPackages(args, dir, indexOnly=false)
+
+  copyFile(dir / "overview.html", dir / "index.html")
+  copyFile(docHackJsSource, dir / docHackJsSource.lastPathPart)
+
+proc buildDocs*(args: string, localOnly = false, localOutDir = "") =
+  let localOutDir =
+    if localOutDir.len == 0:
+      docHtmlOutput
+    else:
+      localOutDir
+
+  var args = args
+
+  if not localOnly:
+    buildDocsDir(args, webUploadOutput / NimVersion)
+
+    let gaFilter = peg"@( y'--doc.googleAnalytics:' @(\s / $) )"
+    args = args.replace(gaFilter)
+
+  buildDocsDir(args, localOutDir)