Nim - This repository contains the Nim compiler, Nim's stdlib, tools, and documentation. (mirror)

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<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Advanced Techniques contents</TITLE> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~bh/csls2-tiny.png" type="image/png"> </HEAD> <BODY> <CITE>Computer Science Logo Style</CITE> volume 2: <CITE>Advanced Techniques</CITE> 2/e Copyright (C) 1997 MIT <H1><EM>Computer Science Logo Style</EM><BR> Volume 2: <EM>Advanced Techniques</EM></H1> <CITE>Brian Harvey<BR>University of California, Berkeley</CITE> <P><TABLE width="100%"><TR> <TD><IMG SRC="csls2.jpg"> <TD><TABLE> <TR><TD align="right"><A HREF="v1-toc2.html">Volume 1: <CITE>Symbolic Computing</CITE></A> <IMG SRC="csls1-tiny.jpg"> <TR><TD align="right"><A HREF="v3-toc2.html">Volume 3: <CITE>Beyond Programming</CITE></A> <IMG SRC="csls3-tiny.jpg"> <TR><TD align="right"><A HREF="logo.html">Download Berkeley Logo (UCBLogo)</A> <IMG SRC="ucblogo2-tiny.gif"> <TR><TD align="right"><A HREF="index.html">Brian's home page</A> <IMG SRC="bh-tiny.jpg"> <TR><TD align="right">     <A HREF="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/computer-science-logo-style-second-edition-volume-2">MIT Press web page for <CITE>Computer Science Logo Style</CITE></A> <IMG SRC="mitp.jpg"> </TABLE></TABLE> <HR> <P>Below this short table of contents is an expanded table of contents including sections within each chapter. Click on the chapter name to jump down. You can also download the complete text of each chapter in PDF format for elegant printing, or browse the HTML version. <P><EM>Note: These books are still in copyright, and in print. They are posted here for your personal use, not for resale or redistribution. Thanks!</EM> <p> <a href="http://www.azoft.com/people/seremina/edu/v2-toc2-romanian.html">View this page in Romanian</a> courtesy of <a href="http://www.azoft.com/">azoft</a>. <p><a href=" http://cupegraf.com/blog/pocitac-vedy-logo-styl-tom-2-pokrocile-techniky/"> Slovakian translation</a> courtesy of <a href="http://cupegraf.com">Gasper Halipovich</a> <UL> <LI>Preface (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch00.pdf">frontmatter in PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch0/preface.html">HTML</A>) <LI>Acknowledgments (<A HREF="v2ch0/ack.html">HTML</A>) <LI>1. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch1">Data Files</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch01.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch1/files.html">HTML</A>) <LI>2. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch2">Example: Finding File Differences</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch02.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch2/diff.html">HTML</A>) <LI>3. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch3">Nonlocal Exit</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch03.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch3/exit.html">HTML</A>) <LI>4. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch4">Example: Solitaire</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch04.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch4/solitaire.html">HTML</A>) <LI>5. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch5">Program as Data</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch05.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch5/prgdat.html">HTML</A>) <LI>6. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch6">Example: BASIC Compiler</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch06.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch6/basic.html">HTML</A>) <LI>7. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch7">Pattern Matcher</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch07.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch7/match.html">HTML</A>) <LI>8. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch8">Property Lists</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch08.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch8/plist.html">HTML</A>) <LI>9. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch9">Example: Doctor</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch09.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch9/doctor.html">HTML</A>) <LI>10. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch10">Iteration, Control Structures, Extensibility</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch10.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch10/iter.html">HTML</A>) <LI>11. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch11">Example: Cryptographer's Helper</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch11.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch11/crypto.html">HTML</A>) <LI>12. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch12">Macros</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch12.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch12/macro.html">HTML</A>) <LI>13. <A HREF="v2-toc2.html#ch13">Example: Fourier Series Plotter</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch13.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch13/fourie.html">HTML</A>) <LI><A HREF="v2-toc2.html#refman">Berkeley Logo Reference Manual</A> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch14.pdf">backmatter in PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch14/manual.html">HTML</A>)<BR>     <SMALL><SMALL>The PDF link is to the published book; the HTML link is to the current Berkeley Logo manual (HTML and PDF).</SMALL></SMALL> <LI>Index of Defined Procedures (<A HREF="v2ch14/appuindex.html">HTML</A>) <LI>General Index (<A HREF="v2ch14/appindex.html">HTML</A>) </UL> <HR> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3>Preface</H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch00.pdf">frontmatter in PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch0/preface.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI>About the projects <LI>About this series <LI>How to read this book. </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3>Acknowledgments</H3><TD> (<A HREF="v2ch0/ack.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch1">1. Data Files</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch01.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch1/files.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI>Reader and Writer <LI>End of File <LI>Case Sensitivity <LI>Dribble Files <LI>A Text Formatter <LI>Page Geometry <LI>The Program <LI>Improving the Formatter </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch2">2. Example: Finding File Differences</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch02.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch2/diff.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This project is an implementation in Logo of the often-needed utility program to find the changes between two versions of a file.</I> <UL> <LI>Program Overview <LI>The File Information Block Abstract Data Type <LI>Saving and Re-Reading Input Lines <LI>Skipping Equal Lines <LI>Comparing and Remembering Unequal Lines <LI>Reporting a Difference <LI>Program Listing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch3">3. Nonlocal Exit</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch03.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch3/exit.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI>Quiz Program Revisited <LI>Nonlocal Exit and Modularity <LI>Nonlocal Output <LI>Catching Errors <LI>Ending It All </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch4">4. Example: Solitaire</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch04.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch4/solitaire.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This project deals a simulated deck of cards and allows the user to play a game of solitaire. The program checks for legal moves and displays the board layout.</I> <UL> <LI>The User Interface <LI>The Game of Solitaire <LI>Running the Program <LI>Program Structure <LI>Initialization <LI>Data Abstraction <LI>Stacks <LI>Program as Data <LI>Multiple Branching <LI>Further Explorations <LI>Program Listing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch5">5. Program as Data</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch05.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch5/prgdat.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI><CODE>Text</CODE> and <CODE>Define</CODE> <LI>Automated Definition <LI>A Single-Keystroke Program Generator <LI>Procedure Cross-Reference Listings </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch6">6. Example: BASIC Compiler</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch06.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch6/basic.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This project is a first look at what it means to compile a program. It's simplified because it translates BASIC programs into Logo, rather than into machine language. But it introduces the ideas that will return in more realistic form in the third volume.</I> <UL> <LI>A Short Course in BASIC <LI>Using the BASIC Translator <LI>Overview of the Implementation <LI>The Reader <LI>The Parser <LI>The Code Generator <LI>The Runtime Library <LI>Further Explorations <LI>Program Listing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch7">7. Pattern Matcher</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch07.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch7/match.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This program looks for patterns in a list. It can be used, for example, to recognize particular types of English sentences.</I> <UL> <LI>Reinventing <CODE>Equalp</CODE> for Lists <LI>A Simple Pattern Matcher <LI>Efficiency and Elegance <LI>Logo's Evaluation of Inputs <LI>Indirect Assignment <LI>Defaults <LI>Program as Data <LI>Parsing Rules <LI>Further Explorations <LI>Program Listing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch8">8. Property Lists</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch08.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch8/plist.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI>Naming Properties <LI>Writing Property List Procedures in Logo <LI>Property Lists Aren't Variables <LI>How Language Designers Earn Their Pay <LI>Fast Replacement <LI>Defaults <LI>An Example: Family Trees </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch9">9. Example: Doctor</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch09.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch9/doctor.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This project uses the pattern matcher to carry out a conversation with the user, pretending to be a psychiatrist. It is a Logo version of a program originally written by Joseph Weizenbaum.</I> <UL> <LI>Eliza and Artificial Intelligence <LI>Eliza's Linguistic Strategy <LI>Stimulus-Response Psychology <LI>Property Lists <LI>Generated Symbols <LI>Modification of List Structure <LI>Linguistic Structure <LI>Further Explorations <LI>Program Listing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch10">10. Iteration, Control Structures, Extensibility</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch10.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch10/iter.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI>Recursion as Iteration <LI>Numeric Iteration <LI>Logo: an Extensible Language <LI>No Perfect Control Structures <LI>Iteration Over a List <LI>Implementing <CODE>Apply</CODE> <LI>Mapping <LI>Mapping as a Metaphor <LI>Other Higher Order functions <LI>Mapping Over Trees <LI>Iteration and Tail Recursion <LI>Multiple Inputs to <CODE>For</CODE> <LI>The Evaluation Environment Bug </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch11">11. Example: Cryptographer's Helper</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch11.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch11/crypto.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This project is a tool to assist the user in solving cryptograms (simple substitution ciphers). It makes some guesses automatically, and records other guesses made by the user.</I> <UL> <LI>Program Structure <LI>Guided Tour of Global Variables <LI>What's in a Name? <LI>Flag Variables <LI>Iteration Over Letters <LI>Computed Variable Names <LI>Further Explorations <LI>Program Listing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch12">12. Macros</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch12.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch12/macro.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI><CODE>Localmake</CODE> <LI>Backquote <LI>Implementing Iterative Commands <LI>Debugging Macros <LI>The Real Thing </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="ch13">13. Example: Fourier Series Plotter</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch13.pdf">PDF</A>) (<A HREF="v2ch13/fourie.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P> <I>This program displays graphs of the Fourier (harmonics of sine waves) approximation to a square wave. It illustrates how harmonics are combined to control the timbres of notes in computer-generated music.</I> <UL> <LI>Square Waves <LI>Keyword Inputs <LI>Making the Variables Local <LI>Indirect Assignment <LI>Numeric Precision <LI>Dynamic Scope <LI>Further Explorations <LI>Program Listing </UL> <H2>Appendices</H2><TD> (<A HREF="pdf/v2ch14.pdf">backmatter in PDF</A>) </TABLE> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3><A name="refman">Berkeley Logo Reference Manual</A></H3><TD> (<A HREF="v2ch14/manual.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <UL> <LI>Entering and Leaving Logo <LI>Tokenization <LI>Data Structure Primitives <UL><LI>Constructors <LI>Selectors <LI>Mutators <LI>Predicates <LI>Queries </UL> <LI>Communication <UL><LI>Transmitters <LI>Receivers <LI>File Access <LI>Terminal Access </UL> <LI>Arithmetic <UL><LI>Numeric Operations <LI>Predicates <LI>Random Numbers <LI>Print Formatting <LI>Bitwise Operations </UL> <LI>Logical operations. <LI>Graphics <UL><LI>Turtle Motion <LI>Turtle Motion Queries <LI>Turtle and Window Control <LI>Turtle and Window Queries <LI>Pen and Background Control <LI>Pen Queries </UL> <LI>Workspace Management <UL><LI>Procedure Definition <LI>Variable Definition <LI>Property Lists <LI>Predicates <LI>Queries <LI>Inspection <LI>Workspace Control </UL> <LI>Control Structures <UL><LI>Template-Based Iteration <LI>Macros </UL> <LI>Error Processing <LI>Error Codes <LI>Special variables </UL> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3>Index of Defined Procedures</H3><TD> (<A HREF="v2ch14/appuindex.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <TABLE><TR><TD><H3>General Index</H3><TD> (<A HREF="v2ch14/appindex.html">HTML</A>) </TABLE> <P><A HREF="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/computer-science-logo-style-second-edition-volume-2">MIT Press web page for <CITE>Computer Science Logo Style</CITE></A> <P> <ADDRESS> <A HREF="index.html">Brian Harvey</A>, <CODE>bh@cs.berkeley.edu</CODE> </ADDRESS> </BODY> </HTML>