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(#10072)
* Add the ability to sample elements from an openArray according to a parallel
array of weights/unnormalized probabilities (any sort of histogram, basically).
Also add a non-thread safe version for convenience.
* Address Araq comments on https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/pull/10072
* import at top of file and space after '#'.
* Put in a check for non-zero total weight.
* Clarify constraint on `w`.
* Rename `rand(openArray[T])` to `sample(openArray[T])` to `sample`, deprecating
old name and name new (openArray[T], openArray[U]) variants `sample`.
* Rename caller-provided state version of rand(openArray[T]) and also clean
up doc comments.
* Add test for new non-uniform array sampler. 3 sd bound makes it 99% likely
that it will still pass in the future if the random number generator changes.
We cannot both have a tight bound to check distribution *and* loose check to
ensure resilience to RNG changes. (We cannot *guarantee* resilience, anyway.
There's always a small chance any test hits a legitimate random fluctuation.)
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