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blob: 1970f7fe8ee0adacb97e2e0c17a2770a77b706e5 (plain) (tree)













































































                                                                                                                 
c{0: 0 (((2 integer-address)) <- ((new)) ((integer literal))) -- nil
c{0: 1 (((2 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((copy)) ((0 literal))) -- nil
c{0: 2 (((3 integer-address)) <- ((test1)) ((2 integer-address))) -- nil
c{1: 0 ✓ (((2 integer-address)) <- ((new)) ((integer literal)))
c{1: 1 ✓ (((2 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((copy)) ((0 literal)))
c{1: 2 ✓ (((3 integer-address)) <- ((test1)) ((2 integer-address)))
c{0: 0 (((default-space space-address)) <- ((new)) ((space literal)) ((2 literal))) -- nil
c{0: 1 (((x integer-address)) <- ((next-input))) -- nil
c{0: 2 (((x integer-address) (deref)) <- ((add)) ((x integer-address) (deref)) ((1 literal))) -- nil
c{0: 3 (((reply)) ((x integer-address) (same-as-arg 0))) -- nil
c{1: 0 ✓ (((default-space space-address)) <- ((new)) ((space literal)) ((2 literal)))
c{1: 1 ✓ (((x integer-address)) <- ((next-input)))
c{1: 2 ✓ (((x integer-address) (deref)) <- ((add)) ((x integer-address) (deref)) ((1 literal)))
c{1: 3 ✓ (((reply)) ((x integer-address) (same-as-arg 0)))
cn0: convert-names in main
cn0: (((2 integer-address)) <- ((new)) ((integer literal))) nil nil
cn0: checking arg ((integer literal))
cn0: checking oarg ((2 integer-address))
maybe-add: ((2 integer-address))
cn0: (((2 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((copy)) ((0 literal))) nil nil
cn0: checking arg ((0 literal))
cn0: checking oarg ((2 integer-address) (deref))
maybe-add: ((2 integer-address) (deref))
cn0: (((3 integer-address)) <- ((test1)) ((2 integer-address))) nil nil
cn0: checking arg ((2 integer-address))
maybe-add: ((2 integer-address))
cn0: checking oarg ((3 integer-address))
maybe-add: ((3 integer-address))
cn0: convert-names in test1
cn0: (((default-space space-address)) <- ((new)) ((space literal)) ((2 literal))) nil nil
cn0: checking arg ((space literal))
cn0: checking arg ((2 literal))
cn0: checking oarg ((default-space space-address))
maybe-add: ((default-space space-address))
cn0: (((x integer-address)) <- ((next-input))) nil nil
cn0: checking oarg ((x integer-address))
maybe-add: ((x integer-address))
cn0: location for oarg ((x integer-address)): 1
cn0: (((x integer-address) (deref)) <- ((add)) ((x integer-address) (deref)) ((1 literal))) ((x 1)) nil
cn0: checking arg ((x integer-address) (deref))
maybe-add: ((x integer-address) (deref))
cn0: checking arg ((1 literal))
cn0: checking oarg ((x integer-address) (deref))
maybe-add: ((x integer-address) (deref))
cn0: (((reply)) ((x integer-address) (same-as-arg 0))) ((x 1)) nil
cn0: checking arg ((x integer-address) (same-as-arg 0))
maybe-add: ((x integer-address) (same-as-arg 0))
cn1: (((2 integer-address)) <- ((new)) ((integer literal)))
cn1: (((2 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((copy)) ((0 literal)))
cn1: (((3 integer-address)) <- ((test1)) ((2 integer-address)))
cn1: (((default-space space-address)) <- ((new)) ((space literal)) ((2 literal)))
cn1: (((1 integer-address)) <- ((next-input)))
cn1: (((1 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((add)) ((1 integer-address) (deref)) ((1 literal)))
cn1: (((reply)) ((1 integer-address) (same-as-arg 0)))
schedule: main
run: main 0: (((2 integer-address)) <- ((new)) ((integer literal)))
run: main 0: 1000 => ((2 integer-address))
mem: ((2 integer-address)): 2 <= 1000
run: main 1: (((2 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((copy)) ((0 literal)))
run: main 1: 0 => ((2 integer-address) (deref))
mem: ((2 integer-address) (deref)): 1000 <= 0
run: main 2: (((3 integer-address)) <- ((test1)) ((2 integer-address)))
mem: ((2 integer-address)) => 1000
run: test1/main 0: (((default-space space-address)) <- ((new)) ((space literal)) ((2 literal)))
run: test1/main 0: 1001 => ((default-space space-address))
run: test1/main 1: (((1 integer-address)) <- ((next-input)))
arg: nil 0 (1000)
run: test1/main 1: 1000 => ((1 integer-address))
mem: ((1 integer-address)): 1003 <= 1000
run: test1/main 2: (((1 integer-address) (deref)) <- ((add)) ((1 integer-address) (deref)) ((1 literal)))
mem: ((1 integer-address) (deref)) => 0
run: test1/main 2: 1 => ((1 integer-address) (deref))
mem: ((1 integer-address) (deref)): 1000 <= 1
run: test1/main 3: (((reply)) ((1 integer-address) (same-as-arg 0)))
mem: ((1 integer-address) (same-as-arg 0)) => 1000
run: main 2: 1000 => ((3 integer-address))
-: die: 'same-as-arg' output arg in (((1 integer-address) (same-as-arg 0))) can't bind to (((3 integer-address)))
schedule: done with dead routine main
#n421'>421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538
//: Arrays contain a variable number of elements of the same type. Their value
//: starts with the length of the array.
//:
//: You can create arrays of containers, but containers can only contain
//: elements of a fixed size, so you can't create containers containing arrays.
//: Create containers containing addresses to arrays instead.

//: You can create arrays using 'create-array'.
:(scenario create_array)
def main [
  # create an array occupying locations 1 (for the size) and 2-4 (for the elements)
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
]
+run: creating array from 4 locations

:(before "End Primitive Recipe Declarations")
CREATE_ARRAY,
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Numbers")
put(Recipe_ordinal, "create-array", CREATE_ARRAY);
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Checks")
case CREATE_ARRAY: {
  if (inst.products.empty()) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'create-array' needs one product and no ingredients but got '" << to_original_string(inst) << '\n' << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ product = inst.products.at(0);
  // Update CREATE_ARRAY product in Check
  if (!is_mu_array(product)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'create-array' cannot create non-array '" << product.original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  if (!product.type->right) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "create array of what? '" << to_original_string(inst) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  // 'create-array' will need to check properties rather than types
  type_tree* array_length_from_type = product.type->right->right;
  if (!array_length_from_type) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "create array of what size? '" << to_original_string(inst) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  if (!product.type->right->right->atom)
    array_length_from_type = array_length_from_type->left;
  if (!is_integer(array_length_from_type->name)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'create-array' product should specify size of array after its element type, but got '" << product.type->right->right->name << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  break;
}
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Implementations")
case CREATE_ARRAY: {
  reagent/*copy*/ product = current_instruction().products.at(0);
  // Update CREATE_ARRAY product in Run
  int base_address = product.value;
  type_tree* array_length_from_type = product.type->right->right;
  if (!product.type->right->right->atom)
    array_length_from_type = array_length_from_type->left;
  int array_length = to_integer(array_length_from_type->name);
  // initialize array length, so that size_of will work
  trace("mem") << "storing " << array_length << " in location " << base_address << end();
  put(Memory, base_address, array_length);  // in array elements
  int size = size_of(product);  // in locations
  trace(9998, "run") << "creating array from " << size << " locations" << end();
  // initialize array
  for (int i = 1;  i <= size_of(product);  ++i)
    put(Memory, base_address+i, 0);
  // no need to update product
  write_products = false;
  break;
}

:(scenario copy_array)
# Arrays can be copied around with a single instruction just like numbers,
# no matter how large they are.
# You don't need to pass the size around, since each array variable stores its
# size in memory at run-time. We'll call a variable with an explicit size a
# 'static' array, and one without a 'dynamic' array since it can contain
# arrays of many different sizes.
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  2:num <- copy 14
  3:num <- copy 15
  4:num <- copy 16
  5:array:num <- copy 1:array:num:3
]
+mem: storing 3 in location 5
+mem: storing 14 in location 6
+mem: storing 15 in location 7
+mem: storing 16 in location 8

:(scenario stash_array)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  2:num <- copy 14
  3:num <- copy 15
  4:num <- copy 16
  stash [foo:], 1:array:num:3
]
+app: foo: 3 14 15 16

:(before "End types_coercible Special-cases")
if (is_mu_array(from) && is_mu_array(to))
  return types_strictly_match(array_element(from.type), array_element(to.type));

:(before "End size_of(reagent r) Special-cases")
if (!r.type->atom && r.type->left->atom && r.type->left->value == Array_type_ordinal) {
  if (!r.type->right) {
    raise << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "'" << r.original_string << "' is an array of what?\n" << end();
    return 1;
  }
  return /*space for length*/1 + array_length(r)*size_of(array_element(r.type));
}

:(before "End size_of(type) Non-atom Special-cases")
if (type->left->value == Array_type_ordinal) return static_array_length(type);
:(code)
int static_array_length(const type_tree* type) {
  if (!type->atom && type->right && !type->right->atom && type->right->right && !type->right->right->atom && !type->right->right->right  // exactly 3 types
      && type->right->right->left && type->right->right->left->atom && is_integer(type->right->right->left->name)) {  // third 'type' is a number
    // get size from type
    return to_integer(type->right->right->left->name);
  }
  cerr << to_string(type) << '\n';
  assert(false);
}

//: disable the size mismatch check for arrays since the destination array
//: need not be initialized
:(before "End size_mismatch(x) Special-cases")
if (x.type && !x.type->atom && x.type->left->value == Array_type_ordinal) return false;

//:: arrays inside containers
//: arrays are disallowed inside containers unless their length is fixed in
//: advance

:(scenario container_permits_static_array_element)
container foo [
  x:array:num:3
]
$error: 0

:(before "End insert_container Special-cases")
else if (is_integer(type->name)) {  // sometimes types will contain non-type tags, like numbers for the size of an array
  type->value = 0;
}

:(scenario container_disallows_dynamic_array_element)
% Hide_errors = true;
container foo [
  x:array:num
]
+error: container 'foo' cannot determine size of element 'x'

:(before "End Load Container Element Definition")
{
  const type_tree* type = info.elements.back().type;
  if (type && type->atom && type->name == "array") {
    raise << "container '" << name << "' doesn't specify type of array elements for '" << info.elements.back().name << "'\n" << end();
    continue;
  }
  if (type && !type->atom && type->left->atom && type->left->name == "array") {
    if (!type->right) {
      raise << "container '" << name << "' doesn't specify type of array elements for '" << info.elements.back().name << "'\n" << end();
      continue;
    }
    if (!type->right->right || !is_integer(type->right->right->left->name)) {  // array has no length
      raise << "container '" << name << "' cannot determine size of element '" << info.elements.back().name << "'\n" << end();
      continue;
    }
  }
}

//: disable the size mismatch check for 'merge' instructions since containers
//: can contain arrays, and since we already do plenty of checking for them
:(before "End size_mismatch(x) Special-cases")
if (current_call().running_step_index < SIZE(get(Recipe, current_call().running_recipe).steps)
    && current_instruction().operation == MERGE) {
  return false;
}

:(scenario merge_static_array_into_container)
container foo [
  x:num
  y:array:num:3
]
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  10:foo <- merge 34, 1:array:num:3
]
# no errors

:(scenario code_inside_container)
% Hide_errors = true;
container card [
  rank:num <- next-ingredient
]
def foo [
  1:card <- merge 3
  2:num <- get 1:card rank:offset
]
# shouldn't die

//:: To access elements of an array, use 'index'

:(scenario index)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  2:num <- copy 14
  3:num <- copy 15
  4:num <- copy 16
  10:num <- index 1:array:num:3, 0/index  # the index must be a non-negative whole number
]
+mem: storing 14 in location 10

:(scenario index_compound_element)
def main [
  {1: (array (address number) 3)} <- create-array
  # skip alloc id
  3:num <- copy 14
  # skip alloc id
  5:num <- copy 15
  # skip alloc id
  7:num <- copy 16
  10:address:num <- index {1: (array (address number) 3)}, 0
]
# skip alloc id
+mem: storing 14 in location 11

:(scenario index_direct_offset)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  2:num <- copy 14
  3:num <- copy 15
  4:num <- copy 16
  10:num <- copy 0
  20:num <- index 1:array:num, 10:num
]
+mem: storing 14 in location 20

:(before "End Primitive Recipe Declarations")
INDEX,
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Numbers")
put(Recipe_ordinal, "index", INDEX);
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Checks")
case INDEX: {
  if (SIZE(inst.ingredients) != 2) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'index' expects exactly 2 ingredients in '" << to_original_string(inst) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ base = inst.ingredients.at(0);
  // Update INDEX base in Check
  if (!is_mu_array(base)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'index' on a non-array '" << base.original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ index = inst.ingredients.at(1);
  // Update INDEX index in Check
  if (!is_mu_number(index)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "second ingredient of 'index' should be a number, but got '" << index.original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  if (inst.products.empty()) break;
  reagent/*copy*/ product = inst.products.at(0);
  // Update INDEX product in Check
  reagent/*local*/ element(copy_array_element(base.type));
  if (!types_coercible(product, element)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'index' on '" << base.original_string << "' can't be saved in '" << product.original_string << "'; type should be '" << names_to_string_without_quotes(element.type) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  break;
}
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Implementations")
case INDEX: {
  reagent/*copy*/ base = current_instruction().ingredients.at(0);
  // Update INDEX base in Run
  int base_address = base.value;
  trace(9998, "run") << "base address is " << base_address << end();
  if (base_address == 0) {
    raise << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "tried to access location 0 in '" << to_original_string(current_instruction()) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ index = current_instruction().ingredients.at(1);
  // Update INDEX index in Run
  vector<double> index_val(read_memory(index));
  if (index_val.at(0) < 0 || index_val.at(0) >= get_or_insert(Memory, base_address)) {
    raise << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "invalid index " << no_scientific(index_val.at(0)) << " in '" << to_original_string(current_instruction()) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*local*/ element(copy_array_element(base.type));
  element.set_value(base_address + /*skip length*/1 + index_val.at(0)*size_of(element.type));
  trace(9998, "run") << "address to copy is " << element.value << end();
  trace(9998, "run") << "its type is " << to_string(element.type) << end();
  // Read element
  products.push_back(read_memory(element));
  break;
}

:(code)
type_tree* copy_array_element(const type_tree* type) {
  return new type_tree(*array_element(type));
}

type_tree* array_element(const type_tree* type) {
  assert(type->right);
  if (type->right->atom) {
    return type->right;
  }
  else if (!type->right->right) {
    return type->right->left;
  }
  // hack: support array:num:3 without requiring extra parens
  else if (type->right->right->left && type->right->right->left->atom && is_integer(type->right->right->left->name)) {
    assert(!type->right->right->right);
    return type->right->left;
  }
  return type->right;
}

int array_length(const reagent& x) {
  // x should already be canonized.
  // hack: look for length in type
  if (!x.type->atom && x.type->right && !x.type->right->atom && x.type->right->right && !x.type->right->right->atom && !x.type->right->right->right  // exactly 3 types
      && x.type->right->right->left && x.type->right->right->left->atom && is_integer(x.type->right->right->left->name)) {  // third 'type' is a number
    // get size from type
    return to_integer(x.type->right->right->left->name);
  }
  // this should never happen at transform time
  return get_or_insert(Memory, x.value);
}

:(before "End Unit Tests")
void test_array_length_compound() {
  put(Memory, 1, 3);
  put(Memory, 2, 14);
  put(Memory, 3, 15);
  put(Memory, 4, 16);
  reagent x("1:array:address:num");  // 3 types, but not a static array
  populate_value(x);
  CHECK_EQ(array_length(x), 3);
}

void test_array_length_static() {
  reagent x("1:array:num:3");
  CHECK_EQ(array_length(x), 3);
}

:(scenario index_truncates)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  2:num <- copy 14
  3:num <- copy 15
  4:num <- copy 16
  10:num <- index 1:array:num:3, 1.5  # non-whole number
]
# fraction is truncated away
+mem: storing 15 in location 10

:(scenario index_out_of_bounds)
% Hide_errors = true;
def main [
  1:array:point:3 <- create-array
  index 1:array:point:3, 4  # less than size of array in locations, but larger than its length in elements
]
+error: main: invalid index 4 in 'index 1:array:point:3, 4'

:(scenario index_out_of_bounds_2)
% Hide_errors = true;
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  index 1:array:num, -1
]
+error: main: invalid index -1 in 'index 1:array:num, -1'

:(scenario index_product_type_mismatch)
% Hide_errors = true;
def main [
  1:array:point:3 <- create-array
  10:num <- index 1:array:point, 0
]
+error: main: 'index' on '1:array:point' can't be saved in '10:num'; type should be 'point'

//: we might want to call 'index' without saving the results, say in a sandbox

:(scenario index_without_product)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  index 1:array:num:3, 0
]
# just don't die

//:: To write to elements of arrays, use 'put'.

:(scenario put_index)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  1:array:num <- put-index 1:array:num, 1, 34
]
+mem: storing 34 in location 3

:(before "End Primitive Recipe Declarations")
PUT_INDEX,
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Numbers")
put(Recipe_ordinal, "put-index", PUT_INDEX);
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Checks")
case PUT_INDEX: {
  if (SIZE(inst.ingredients) != 3) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'put-index' expects exactly 3 ingredients in '" << to_original_string(inst) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ base = inst.ingredients.at(0);
  // Update PUT_INDEX base in Check
  if (!is_mu_array(base)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'put-index' on a non-array '" << base.original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ index = inst.ingredients.at(1);
  // Update PUT_INDEX index in Check
  if (!is_mu_number(index)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "second ingredient of 'put-index' should have type 'number', but got '" << inst.ingredients.at(1).original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ value = inst.ingredients.at(2);
  // Update PUT_INDEX value in Check
  reagent/*local*/ element(copy_array_element(base.type));
  if (!types_coercible(element, value)) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'put-index " << base.original_string << ", " << inst.ingredients.at(1).original_string << "' should store " << names_to_string_without_quotes(element.type) << " but '" << value.name << "' has type " << names_to_string_without_quotes(value.type) << '\n' << end();
    break;
  }
  if (inst.products.empty()) break;  // no more checks necessary
  if (inst.products.at(0).name != inst.ingredients.at(0).name) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "product of 'put-index' must be first ingredient '" << inst.ingredients.at(0).original_string << "', but got '" << inst.products.at(0).original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  // End PUT_INDEX Product Checks
  break;
}
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Implementations")
case PUT_INDEX: {
  reagent/*copy*/ base = current_instruction().ingredients.at(0);
  // Update PUT_INDEX base in Run
  int base_address = base.value;
  if (base_address == 0) {
    raise << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "tried to access location 0 in '" << to_original_string(current_instruction()) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ index = current_instruction().ingredients.at(1);
  // Update PUT_INDEX index in Run
  vector<double> index_val(read_memory(index));
  if (index_val.at(0) < 0 || index_val.at(0) >= get_or_insert(Memory, base_address)) {
    raise << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "invalid index " << no_scientific(index_val.at(0)) << " in '" << to_original_string(current_instruction()) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  int address = base_address + /*skip length*/1 + index_val.at(0)*size_of(array_element(base.type));
  trace(9998, "run") << "address to copy to is " << address << end();
  // optimization: directly write the element rather than updating 'product'
  // and writing the entire array
  write_products = false;
  vector<double> value = read_memory(current_instruction().ingredients.at(2));
  // Write Memory in PUT_INDEX in Run
  for (int i = 0;  i < SIZE(value);  ++i) {
    trace("mem") << "storing " << no_scientific(value.at(i)) << " in location " << address+i << end();
    put(Memory, address+i, value.at(i));
  }
  break;
}

:(scenario put_index_out_of_bounds)
% Hide_errors = true;
def main [
  1:array:point:3 <- create-array
  8:point <- merge 34, 35
  1:array:point <- put-index 1:array:point, 4, 8:point  # '4' is less than size of array in locations, but larger than its length in elements
]
+error: main: invalid index 4 in '1:array:point <- put-index 1:array:point, 4, 8:point'

:(scenario put_index_out_of_bounds_2)
% Hide_errors = true;
def main [
  1:array:point:3 <- create-array
  10:point <- merge 34, 35
  1:array:point <- put-index 1:array:point, -1, 10:point
]
+error: main: invalid index -1 in '1:array:point <- put-index 1:array:point, -1, 10:point'

:(scenario put_index_product_error)
% Hide_errors = true;
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  4:array:num:3 <- put-index 1:array:num:3, 0, 34
]
+error: main: product of 'put-index' must be first ingredient '1:array:num:3', but got '4:array:num:3'

//:: compute the length of an array

:(scenario array_length)
def main [
  1:array:num:3 <- create-array
  10:num <- length 1:array:num
]
+mem: storing 3 in location 10

:(before "End Primitive Recipe Declarations")
LENGTH,
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Numbers")
put(Recipe_ordinal, "length", LENGTH);
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Checks")
case LENGTH: {
  if (SIZE(inst.ingredients) != 1) {
    raise << maybe(get(Recipe, r).name) << "'length' expects exactly 2 ingredients in '" << to_original_string(inst) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  reagent/*copy*/ array = inst.ingredients.at(0);
  // Update LENGTH array in Check
  if (!is_mu_array(array)) {
    raise << "tried to calculate length of non-array '" << array.original_string << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  break;
}
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Implementations")
case LENGTH: {
  reagent/*copy*/ array = current_instruction().ingredients.at(0);
  // Update LENGTH array in Run
  if (array.value == 0) {
    raise << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "tried to access location 0 in '" << to_original_string(current_instruction()) << "'\n" << end();
    break;
  }
  products.resize(1);
  products.at(0).push_back(get_or_insert(Memory, array.value));
  break;
}

//: optimization: none of the instructions in this layer use 'ingredients' so
//: stop copying potentially huge arrays into it.
:(before "End should_copy_ingredients Special-cases")
recipe_ordinal r = current_instruction().operation;
if (r == CREATE_ARRAY || r == INDEX || r == PUT_INDEX || r == LENGTH)
  return false;