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path: root/baremetal/ex3.mu
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# Draw pixels in response to keyboard events, starting from the top-left
# and in raster order.
#
# To build a disk image:
#   ./translate_mu_baremetal baremetal/ex3.mu     # emits disk.img
# To run:
#   qemu-system-i386 disk.img
# Or:
#   bochs -f baremetal/boot.bochsrc               # boot.bochsrc loads disk.img
#
# Expected output: a new green pixel starting from the top left corner of the
# screen every time you press a key (letter or digit)

fn main {
  var x/ecx: int <- copy 0
  var y/edx: int <- copy 0
  {
    var key/eax: byte <- read-key 0  # real keyboard
    compare key, 0
    loop-if-=  # busy wait
    pixel 0, x, y, 0x31  # green
    x <- increment
    compare x, 0x400
    {
      break-if-<
      y <- increment
      x <- copy 0
    }
    loop
  }
}
ss="n">mem: storing 23 in location 12 :(scenario lookup_sidesteps_default_space) recipe main [ # pretend pointer from outside 3:number <- copy 34 # pretend array 1000:number <- copy 5 # actual start of this recipe default-space:address:array:location <- copy 1000/raw 1:address:number <- copy 3/raw 8:number/raw <- copy *1:address:number ] +mem: storing 34 in location 8 //:: first disable name conversion for 'default-space' :(scenario convert_names_passes_default_space) % Hide_errors = true; recipe main [ default-space:number, x:number <- copy 0, 1 ] +name: assign x 1 -name: assign default-space 1 :(before "End Disqualified Reagents") if (x.name == "default-space") x.initialized = true; :(before "End is_special_name Cases") if (s == "default-space") return true; //:: now implement space support :(before "End call Fields") long long int default_space; :(before "End call Constructor") default_space = 0; :(before "End canonize(x) Special-cases") absolutize(x); :(code) void absolutize(reagent& x) { if (is_raw(x) || is_dummy(x)) return; if (x.name == "default-space") return; if (!x.initialized) { raise_error << current_instruction().to_string() << ": reagent not initialized: " << x.original_string << '\n' << end(); } x.set_value(address(x.value, space_base(x))); x.properties.push_back(pair<string, string_tree*>("raw", NULL)); assert(is_raw(x)); } //:: fix 'get' :(scenario lookup_sidesteps_default_space_in_get) recipe main [ # pretend pointer to container from outside 12:number <- copy 34 13:number <- copy 35 # pretend array 1000:number <- copy 5 # actual start of this recipe default-space:address:array:location <- copy 1000/raw 1:address:point <- copy 12/raw 9:number/raw <- get *1:address:point, 1:offset ] +mem: storing 35 in location 9 :(after "reagent tmp" following "case GET:") tmp.properties.push_back(pair<string, string_tree*>("raw", NULL)); //:: fix 'index' :(scenario lookup_sidesteps_default_space_in_index) recipe main [ # pretend pointer to array from outside 12:number <- copy 2 13:number <- copy 34 14:number <- copy 35 # pretend array 1000:number <- copy 5 # actual start of this recipe default-space:address:array:location <- copy 1000/raw 1:address:array:number <- copy 12/raw 9:number/raw <- index *1:address:array:number, 1 ] +mem: storing 35 in location 9 :(after "reagent tmp" following "case INDEX:") tmp.properties.push_back(pair<string, string_tree*>("raw", NULL)); //:: convenience operation to automatically deduce the amount of space to //:: allocate in a default space with names :(scenario new_default_space) recipe main [ new-default-space x:number <- copy 0 y:number <- copy 3 ] # allocate space for x and y, as well as the chaining slot at 0 +mem: array size is 3 :(before "End Disqualified Reagents") if (x.name == "number-of-locals") x.initialized = true; :(before "End is_special_name Cases") if (s == "number-of-locals") return true; :(before "End Rewrite Instruction(curr, recipe result)") // rewrite `new-default-space` to // `default-space:address:array:location <- new location:type, number-of-locals:literal` // where N is Name[recipe][""] if (curr.name == "new-default-space") { rewrite_default_space_instruction(curr); } :(after "vector<double> read_memory(reagent x)") if (x.name == "number-of-locals") { vector<double> result; result.push_back(Name[get(Recipe_ordinal, current_recipe_name())][""]); if (result.back() == 0) raise_error << "no space allocated for default-space in recipe " << current_recipe_name() << "; are you using names?\n" << end(); return result; } :(after "void write_memory(reagent x, vector<double> data)") if (x.name == "number-of-locals") { raise_error << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "can't write to special name 'number-of-locals'\n" << end(); return; } //:: a little hook to automatically reclaim the default-space when returning //:: from a recipe :(scenario local_scope) recipe main [ 1:address <- foo 2:address <- foo 3:boolean <- equal 1:address, 2:address ] recipe foo [ local-scope x:number <- copy 34 reply default-space:address:array:location ] # both calls to foo should have received the same default-space +mem: storing 1 in location 3 :(after "Falling Through End Of Recipe") try_reclaim_locals(); :(after "Starting Reply") try_reclaim_locals(); //: now 'local-scope' is identical to 'new-default-space' except that we'll //: reclaim the default-space when the routine exits :(before "End Rewrite Instruction(curr, recipe result)") if (curr.name == "local-scope") { rewrite_default_space_instruction(curr); } :(code) void try_reclaim_locals() { // only reclaim routines starting with 'local-scope' const recipe_ordinal r = get(Recipe_ordinal, current_recipe_name()); if (get(Recipe, r).steps.empty()) return; const instruction& inst = get(Recipe, r).steps.at(0); if (inst.old_name != "local-scope") return; abandon(current_call().default_space, /*array length*/1+/*number-of-locals*/Name[r][""]); } void rewrite_default_space_instruction(instruction& curr) { if (!curr.ingredients.empty()) raise_error << curr.to_string() << " can't take any ingredients\n" << end(); curr.name = "new"; curr.ingredients.push_back(reagent("location:type")); curr.ingredients.push_back(reagent("number-of-locals:literal")); if (!curr.products.empty()) raise_error << "new-default-space can't take any results\n" << end(); curr.products.push_back(reagent("default-space:address:array:location")); } //:: helpers :(code) long long int space_base(const reagent& x) { // temporary stub; will be replaced in a later layer return current_call().default_space; } long long int address(long long int offset, long long int base) { if (base == 0) return offset; // raw if (offset >= static_cast<long long int>(get_or_insert(Memory, base))) { // todo: test raise_error << "location " << offset << " is out of bounds " << no_scientific(get_or_insert(Memory, base)) << " at " << base << '\n' << end(); } return base+1 + offset; } :(after "void write_memory(reagent x, vector<double> data)") if (x.name == "default-space") { if (!scalar(data) || !x.type || x.type->value != get(Type_ordinal, "address") || !x.type->right || x.type->right->value != get(Type_ordinal, "array") || !x.type->right->right || x.type->right->right->value != get(Type_ordinal, "location") || x.type->right->right->right) { raise_error << maybe(current_recipe_name()) << "'default-space' should be of type address:array:location, but tried to write " << to_string(data) << '\n' << end(); } current_call().default_space = data.at(0); return; } :(scenario get_default_space) recipe main [ default-space:address:array:location <- copy 10/raw 1:address:array:location/raw <- copy default-space:address:array:location ] +mem: storing 10 in location 1 :(after "vector<double> read_memory(reagent x)") if (x.name == "default-space") { vector<double> result; result.push_back(current_call().default_space); return result; }