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<span class="Comment">//: Routines can be put in a 'waiting' state, from which it will be ready to</span>
<span class="Comment">//: run again when a specific memory location changes its value. This is mu's</span>
<span class="Comment">//: basic technique for orchestrating the order in which different routines</span>
<span class="Comment">//: operate.</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario wait_for_location)</span>
def f1 [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">0</span>
  start-running f2
  <span class="Constant">2</span>:location<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>/unsafe
  wait-<span class="Normal">for</span>-location <span class="Constant">2</span>:location
  <span class="Comment"># now wait for f2 to run and modify location 1 before using its value</span>
  <span class="Constant">3</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>:number
]
def f2 [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
]
<span class="Comment"># if we got the synchronization wrong we'd be storing 0 in location 3</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 3</span>

<span class="Comment">//: define the new state that all routines can be in</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End routine States&quot;)</span>
WAITING<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End routine Fields&quot;)</span>
<span class="Comment">// only if state == WAITING</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> waiting_on_location<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> old_value_of_waiting_location<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End routine Constructor&quot;)</span>
waiting_on_location = old_value_of_waiting_location = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Mu Test Teardown&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Passed &amp;&amp; any_routines_waiting<span class="Delimiter">())</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  Passed = <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  raise &lt;&lt; Current_scenario<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>name &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;: deadlock!</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  ++Num_failures<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Test Teardown&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Passed &amp;&amp; any_routines_with_error<span class="Delimiter">())</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  Passed = <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  raise &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;some routines died with errors</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  ++Num_failures<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span class="Normal">bool</span> any_routines_waiting<span class="Delimiter">()</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state == WAITING<span class="Delimiter">)</span>
      <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">true</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: primitive recipe to put routines in that state</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
WAIT_FOR_LOCATION<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;wait-for-location&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> WAIT_FOR_LOCATION<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> WAIT_FOR_LOCATION: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'wait-for-location' requires exactly one ingredient, but got &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_mu_location<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'wait-for-location' requires a location ingredient, but got &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> WAIT_FOR_LOCATION: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> loc = ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>state = WAITING<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>waiting_on_location = loc<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>old_value_of_waiting_location = get_or_insert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> loc<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9998</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;run&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;waiting for location &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; loc &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot; to change from &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; no_scientific<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get_or_insert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> loc<span class="Delimiter">))</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: scheduler tweak to get routines out of that state</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Scheduler State Transitions&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state != WAITING<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Identifier">continue</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>waiting_on_location &amp;&amp;
      get_or_insert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>waiting_on_location<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>old_value_of_waiting_location<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;schedule&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;waking up routine</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state = RUNNING<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>waiting_on_location = Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>old_value_of_waiting_location = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: primitive to help compute locations to wait for</span>
<span class="Comment">//: only supports elements inside containers, no arrays or containers within</span>
<span class="Comment">//: containers yet.</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario get_location)</span>
def main [
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
  <span class="Constant">13</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
  <span class="Constant">15</span>:location<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>get-location <span class="Constant">12</span>:point<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:offset
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 13 in location 15</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
GET_LOCATION<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;get-location&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> GET_LOCATION<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> GET_LOCATION: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'get-location' expects exactly 2 ingredients in '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  reagent base = inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!canonize_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>base<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type || !base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>value || !contains_key<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>value<span class="Delimiter">)</span> || get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>value<span class="Delimiter">).</span>kind != CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;first ingredient of 'get-location' should be a container, but got &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  type_ordinal base_type = base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>value<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  reagent offset = inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_literal<span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset<span class="Delimiter">)</span> || !is_mu_scalar<span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;second ingredient of 'get-location' should have type 'offset', but got &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> offset_value = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>is_integer<span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>  <span class="Comment">// later layers permit non-integer offsets</span>
    offset_value = to_integer<span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset_value &lt; <span class="Constant">0</span> || offset_value &gt;= SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_type<span class="Delimiter">).</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
      raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;invalid offset &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; offset_value &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot; for &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_type<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
      <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">else</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    offset_value = offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>empty<span class="Delimiter">())</span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_mu_location<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'get-location &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;, &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;' should write to type location but &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>name &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot; has type &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; names_to_string_without_quotes<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>type<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> GET_LOCATION: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  reagent base = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  canonize<span class="Delimiter">(</span>base<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> base_address = base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>base_address == <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_recipe_name<span class="Delimiter">())</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;tried to access location 0 in '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">())</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  type_ordinal base_type = base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>value<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> offset = ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset &lt; <span class="Constant">0</span> || offset &gt;= SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_type<span class="Delimiter">).</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>  <span class="Comment">// copied from Check above</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> result = base_address<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; offset<span class="Delimiter">;</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span>
    result += size_of<span class="Delimiter">(</span>element_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>base<span class="Delimiter">,</span> i<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
  trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9998</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;run&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;address to copy is &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; result &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>resize<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>push_back<span class="Delimiter">(</span>result<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span class="Normal">bool</span> is_mu_location<span class="Delimiter">(</span>reagent x<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!canonize_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>x<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!x<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>x<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>right<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Identifier">return</span> x<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>value == get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;location&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario get_location_out_of_bounds)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
def main [
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
  <span class="Constant">13</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
  <span class="Constant">14</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">36</span>
  get-location <span class="Constant">12</span>:point-number/<span class="Special">raw</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">2</span>:offset  <span class="Comment"># point-number occupies 3 locations but has only 2 fields; out of bounds</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: invalid offset 2 for point-number</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario get_location_out_of_bounds_2)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
def main [
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
  <span class="Constant">13</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
  <span class="Constant">14</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">36</span>
  get-location <span class="Constant">12</span>:point-number/<span class="Special">raw</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> -<span class="Constant">1</span>:offset
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: invalid offset -1 for point-number</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario get_location_product_type_mismatch)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
container boolbool [
  <span class="Normal">x</span>:boolean
  <span class="Normal">y</span>:boolean
]
def main [
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:boolean<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>
  <span class="Constant">13</span>:boolean<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">0</span>
  <span class="Constant">15</span>:boolean<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>get-location <span class="Constant">12</span>:boolbool<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:offset
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: 'get-location 12:boolbool, 1:offset' should write to type location but 15 has type boolean</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario get_location_indirect)</span>
<span class="Comment"># 'get-location' can read from container address</span>
def main [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">10</span>
  <span class="Comment"># 10 reserved for refcount</span>
  <span class="Constant">11</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
  <span class="Constant">4</span>:location<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>get-location <span class="Constant">1</span>:address:point/lookup<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">0</span>:offset
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 11 in location 4</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario get_location_indirect_2)</span>
def main [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">10</span>
  <span class="Comment"># 10 reserved for refcount</span>
  <span class="Constant">11</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
  <span class="Constant">4</span>:address:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">20</span>/unsafe
  <span class="Constant">4</span>:address:location/lookup<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>get-location <span class="Constant">1</span>:address:point/lookup<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">0</span>:offset
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 11 in location 21</span>

<span class="Comment">//: also allow waiting on a routine to stop running</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario wait_for_routine)</span>
def f1 [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">0</span>
  <span class="Constant">12</span>:number/routine<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>start-running f2
  wait-<span class="Normal">for</span>-routine <span class="Constant">12</span>:number/routine
  <span class="Comment"># now wait for f2 to run and modify location 1 before using its value</span>
  <span class="Constant">3</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>:number
]
def f2 [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+schedule: f1</span>
<span class="traceContains">+run: waiting for routine 2</span>
<span class="traceContains">+schedule: f2</span>
<span class="traceContains">+schedule: waking up routine 1</span>
<span class="traceContains">+schedule: f1</span>
<span class="Comment"># if we got the synchronization wrong we'd be storing 0 in location 3</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 3</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End routine Fields&quot;)</span>
<span class="Comment">// only if state == WAITING</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> waiting_on_routine<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End routine Constructor&quot;)</span>
waiting_on_routine = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
WAIT_FOR_ROUTINE<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;wait-for-routine&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> WAIT_FOR_ROUTINE<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> WAIT_FOR_ROUTINE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'wait-for-routine' requires exactly one ingredient, but got &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_mu_number<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;first ingredient of 'wait-for-routine' should be a routine id generated by 'start-running', but got &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> WAIT_FOR_ROUTINE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> == Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>id<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_recipe_name<span class="Delimiter">())</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;routine can't wait for itself! &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">())</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>state = WAITING<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>waiting_on_routine = ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9998</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;run&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;waiting for routine &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Scheduler State Transitions&quot;)</span>
<span class="Comment">// Wake up any routines waiting for other routines to go to sleep.</span>
<span class="Comment">// Important: this must come after the scheduler loop above giving routines</span>
<span class="Comment">// waiting for locations to change a chance to wake up.</span>
<span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state != WAITING<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Identifier">continue</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>waiting_on_routine<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Identifier">continue</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> id = Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>waiting_on_routine<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>id != Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>id<span class="Delimiter">);</span>  <span class="Comment">// routine can't wait on itself</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> j = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> j &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++j<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>j<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>id == id &amp;&amp; Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>j<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state != RUNNING<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
      trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;schedule&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;waking up routine &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>id &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
      Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state = RUNNING<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
      Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>waiting_on_routine = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
SWITCH<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;switch&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> SWITCH<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> SWITCH: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> SWITCH: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> id = some_other_running_routine<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>id<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>id != Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>id<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
    Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>state = WAITING<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>waiting_on_routine = id<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> some_other_running_routine<span class="Delimiter">()</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>i == Current_routine_index<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Identifier">continue</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
    assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>id != Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>id<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>state == RUNNING<span class="Delimiter">)</span>
      <span class="Identifier">return</span> Routines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)-&gt;</span>id<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
</pre>
</body>
</html>
<!-- vim: set foldmethod=manual : -->