about summary refs log tree commit diff stats
path: root/html/075channel.mu.html
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorKartik Agaram <vc@akkartik.com>2018-05-12 10:22:26 -0700
committerKartik Agaram <vc@akkartik.com>2018-05-12 10:22:26 -0700
commitcdf2822743b3beeb37ebc3deea8e08b6130698c5 (patch)
treeb7946314d79e8df95eb16703b65832e20f7ee620 /html/075channel.mu.html
parentbd222553d7bc7d91d3eebae5639b01f58c8f7c75 (diff)
downloadmu-cdf2822743b3beeb37ebc3deea8e08b6130698c5.tar.gz
4242 - get rid of refcounts entirely
We're going to lean back into the experiment of commit 4179 back in Jan.
If we delete memory it's up to us to ensure no pointers into it survive.

Since deep-copy depends on our refcounting infrastructure, it's gone as
well. So we're going to have to start watching out for pointers shared
over channels.
Diffstat (limited to 'html/075channel.mu.html')
-rw-r--r--html/075channel.mu.html1012
1 files changed, 502 insertions, 510 deletions
diff --git a/html/075channel.mu.html b/html/075channel.mu.html
index ccbc5178..43180f17 100644
--- a/html/075channel.mu.html
+++ b/html/075channel.mu.html
@@ -64,521 +64,513 @@ if ('onhashchange' in window) {
 <span id="L1" class="LineNr">  1 </span><span class="Comment"># Mu synchronizes between routines using channels rather than locks, like</span>
 <span id="L2" class="LineNr">  2 </span><span class="Comment"># Erlang and Go.</span>
 <span id="L3" class="LineNr">  3 </span><span class="Comment">#</span>
-<span id="L4" class="LineNr">  4 </span><span class="Comment"># Key properties of channels:</span>
-<span id="L5" class="LineNr">  5 </span><span class="Comment">#</span>
-<span id="L6" class="LineNr">  6 </span><span class="Comment">#   a) Writing to a full channel or reading from an empty one will put the</span>
-<span id="L7" class="LineNr">  7 </span><span class="Comment">#   current routine in 'waiting' state until the operation can be completed.</span>
-<span id="L8" class="LineNr">  8 </span><span class="Comment">#</span>
-<span id="L9" class="LineNr">  9 </span><span class="Comment">#   b) Writing to a channel implicitly performs a deep copy. This prevents</span>
-<span id="L10" class="LineNr"> 10 </span><span class="Comment">#   addresses from being shared between routines, and therefore eliminates all</span>
-<span id="L11" class="LineNr"> 11 </span><span class="Comment">#   possibility of race conditions.</span>
-<span id="L12" class="LineNr"> 12 </span><span class="Comment">#</span>
-<span id="L13" class="LineNr"> 13 </span><span class="Comment"># There's still a narrow window for race conditions: the inputs passed in</span>
-<span id="L14" class="LineNr"> 14 </span><span class="Comment"># to 'start-running'. Pass only channels into routines and you should be fine.</span>
-<span id="L15" class="LineNr"> 15 </span><span class="Comment"># Any other mutable inputs will require locks.</span>
-<span id="L16" class="LineNr"> 16 </span>
-<span id="L17" class="LineNr"> 17 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel [
-<span id="L18" class="LineNr"> 18 </span>  run [
-<span id="L19" class="LineNr"> 19 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L20" class="LineNr"> 20 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L21" class="LineNr"> 21 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L22" class="LineNr"> 22 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span>, 11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span>, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L23" class="LineNr"> 23 </span>  ]
-<span id="L24" class="LineNr"> 24 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L25" class="LineNr"> 25 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L26" class="LineNr"> 26 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># read was successful</span>
-<span id="L27" class="LineNr"> 27 </span>  ]
-<span id="L28" class="LineNr"> 28 </span>]
-<span id="L29" class="LineNr"> 29 </span>
-<span id="L30" class="LineNr"> 30 </span><span class="muData">container</span> channel:_elem [
-<span id="L31" class="LineNr"> 31 </span>  lock:bool  <span class="Comment"># inefficient but simple: serialize all reads as well as writes</span>
-<span id="L32" class="LineNr"> 32 </span>  first-full:num  <span class="Comment"># for write</span>
-<span id="L33" class="LineNr"> 33 </span>  first-free:num  <span class="Comment"># for read</span>
-<span id="L34" class="LineNr"> 34 </span>  <span class="Comment"># A circular buffer contains values from index first-full up to (but not</span>
-<span id="L35" class="LineNr"> 35 </span>  <span class="Comment"># including) index first-free. The reader always modifies it at first-full,</span>
-<span id="L36" class="LineNr"> 36 </span>  <span class="Comment"># while the writer always modifies it at first-free.</span>
-<span id="L37" class="LineNr"> 37 </span>  data:&amp;:@:_elem
+<span id="L4" class="LineNr">  4 </span><span class="Comment"># The key property of channels: Writing to a full channel or reading from an</span>
+<span id="L5" class="LineNr">  5 </span><span class="Comment"># empty one will put the current routine in 'waiting' state until the</span>
+<span id="L6" class="LineNr">  6 </span><span class="Comment"># operation can be completed.</span>
+<span id="L7" class="LineNr">  7 </span><span class="Comment">#</span>
+<span id="L8" class="LineNr">  8 </span><span class="Comment"># Beware of addresses passed into channels. They can cause race conditions.</span>
+<span id="L9" class="LineNr">  9 </span>
+<span id="L10" class="LineNr"> 10 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel [
+<span id="L11" class="LineNr"> 11 </span>  run [
+<span id="L12" class="LineNr"> 12 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L13" class="LineNr"> 13 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L14" class="LineNr"> 14 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L15" class="LineNr"> 15 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span>, 11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span>, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L16" class="LineNr"> 16 </span>  ]
+<span id="L17" class="LineNr"> 17 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L18" class="LineNr"> 18 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L19" class="LineNr"> 19 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># read was successful</span>
+<span id="L20" class="LineNr"> 20 </span>  ]
+<span id="L21" class="LineNr"> 21 </span>]
+<span id="L22" class="LineNr"> 22 </span>
+<span id="L23" class="LineNr"> 23 </span><span class="muData">container</span> channel:_elem [
+<span id="L24" class="LineNr"> 24 </span>  lock:bool  <span class="Comment"># inefficient but simple: serialize all reads as well as writes</span>
+<span id="L25" class="LineNr"> 25 </span>  first-full:num  <span class="Comment"># for write</span>
+<span id="L26" class="LineNr"> 26 </span>  first-free:num  <span class="Comment"># for read</span>
+<span id="L27" class="LineNr"> 27 </span>  <span class="Comment"># A circular buffer contains values from index first-full up to (but not</span>
+<span id="L28" class="LineNr"> 28 </span>  <span class="Comment"># including) index first-free. The reader always modifies it at first-full,</span>
+<span id="L29" class="LineNr"> 29 </span>  <span class="Comment"># while the writer always modifies it at first-free.</span>
+<span id="L30" class="LineNr"> 30 </span>  data:&amp;:@:_elem
+<span id="L31" class="LineNr"> 31 </span>]
+<span id="L32" class="LineNr"> 32 </span>
+<span id="L33" class="LineNr"> 33 </span><span class="Comment"># Since channels have two ends, and since it's an error to use either end from</span>
+<span id="L34" class="LineNr"> 34 </span><span class="Comment"># multiple routines, let's distinguish the ends.</span>
+<span id="L35" class="LineNr"> 35 </span>
+<span id="L36" class="LineNr"> 36 </span><span class="muData">container</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L37" class="LineNr"> 37 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem
 <span id="L38" class="LineNr"> 38 </span>]
 <span id="L39" class="LineNr"> 39 </span>
-<span id="L40" class="LineNr"> 40 </span><span class="Comment"># Since channels have two ends, and since it's an error to use either end from</span>
-<span id="L41" class="LineNr"> 41 </span><span class="Comment"># multiple routines, let's distinguish the ends.</span>
-<span id="L42" class="LineNr"> 42 </span>
-<span id="L43" class="LineNr"> 43 </span><span class="muData">container</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L44" class="LineNr"> 44 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem
-<span id="L45" class="LineNr"> 45 </span>]
-<span id="L46" class="LineNr"> 46 </span>
-<span id="L47" class="LineNr"> 47 </span><span class="muData">container</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L48" class="LineNr"> 48 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem
-<span id="L49" class="LineNr"> 49 </span>]
-<span id="L50" class="LineNr"> 50 </span>
-<span id="L51" class="LineNr"> 51 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L399'>capacity</a>:num<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem, out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L52" class="LineNr"> 52 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L53" class="LineNr"> 53 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L54" class="LineNr"> 54 </span>  result:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Delimiter">{</span>(channel _elem): type<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L55" class="LineNr"> 55 </span>  *result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *result, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>,<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L56" class="LineNr"> 56 </span>  *result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *result, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>,<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L57" class="LineNr"> 57 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L399'>capacity</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add <a href='075channel.mu.html#L399'>capacity</a>,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># unused slot for 'full?' below</span>
-<span id="L58" class="LineNr"> 58 </span>  data:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Constant">_elem:type</span>, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L399'>capacity</a>
-<span id="L59" class="LineNr"> 59 </span>  *result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *result, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>, data
-<span id="L60" class="LineNr"> 60 </span>  in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Delimiter">{</span>(source _elem): type<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L61" class="LineNr"> 61 </span>  *in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *in, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>, result
-<span id="L62" class="LineNr"> 62 </span>  out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Delimiter">{</span>(sink _elem): type<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L63" class="LineNr"> 63 </span>  *out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *out, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>, result
-<span id="L64" class="LineNr"> 64 </span>]
-<span id="L65" class="LineNr"> 65 </span>
-<span id="L66" class="LineNr"> 66 </span><span class="Comment"># write a value to a channel</span>
-<span id="L67" class="LineNr"> 67 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:_elem, val:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L68" class="LineNr"> 68 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L69" class="LineNr"> 69 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L70" class="LineNr"> 70 </span>  assert out, <span class="Constant">[write to null channel]</span>
-<span id="L71" class="LineNr"> 71 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *out, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L72" class="LineNr"> 72 </span><span class="Constant">  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L72'>&lt;channel-write-initial&gt;</a></span>
-<span id="L73" class="LineNr"> 73 </span>  <span class="Comment"># block until lock is acquired AND queue has room</span>
-<span id="L74" class="LineNr"> 74 </span>  lock:location <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get-location *chan, <span class="Constant">lock:offset</span>
-<span id="L75" class="LineNr"> 75 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [write], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L76" class="LineNr"> 76 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L77" class="LineNr"> 77 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [trying to acquire lock for writing], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L78" class="LineNr"> 78 </span>    wait-for-reset-then-set lock
-<span id="L79" class="LineNr"> 79 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [lock acquired for writing], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L80" class="LineNr"> 80 </span>    full?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L381'>channel-full?</a> chan
-<span id="L81" class="LineNr"> 81 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> full?
-<span id="L82" class="LineNr"> 82 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [but channel is full; relinquishing lock], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L83" class="LineNr"> 83 </span>    <span class="Comment"># channel is full; relinquish lock and give a reader the opportunity to</span>
-<span id="L84" class="LineNr"> 84 </span>    <span class="Comment"># create room on it</span>
-<span id="L85" class="LineNr"> 85 </span>    reset lock
-<span id="L86" class="LineNr"> 86 </span>    current-routine-is-blocked
-<span id="L87" class="LineNr"> 87 </span>    switch  <span class="Comment"># avoid spinlocking</span>
-<span id="L88" class="LineNr"> 88 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L89" class="LineNr"> 89 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L90" class="LineNr"> 90 </span>  current-routine-is-unblocked
-<span id="L91" class="LineNr"> 91 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [performing write], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L92" class="LineNr"> 92 </span>  <span class="Comment"># store a deep copy of val</span>
-<span id="L93" class="LineNr"> 93 </span>  circular-buffer:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
-<span id="L94" class="LineNr"> 94 </span>  free:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L95" class="LineNr"> 95 </span>  val-copy:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> deep-copy val  <span class="Comment"># on this instruction rests all Mu's concurrency-safety</span>
-<span id="L96" class="LineNr"> 96 </span>  *circular-buffer <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put-index *circular-buffer, free, val-copy
-<span id="L97" class="LineNr"> 97 </span>  <span class="Comment"># mark its slot as filled</span>
-<span id="L98" class="LineNr"> 98 </span>  free <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add free,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
-<span id="L99" class="LineNr"> 99 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L100" class="LineNr">100 </span>    <span class="Comment"># wrap free around to 0 if necessary</span>
-<span id="L101" class="LineNr">101 </span>    len:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> length *circular-buffer
-<span id="L102" class="LineNr">102 </span>    at-end?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal free, len
-<span id="L103" class="LineNr">103 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> at-end?
-<span id="L104" class="LineNr">104 </span>    free <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L105" class="LineNr">105 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L106" class="LineNr">106 </span>  <span class="Comment"># write back</span>
-<span id="L107" class="LineNr">107 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>, free
-<span id="L108" class="LineNr">108 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [relinquishing lock after writing], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L109" class="LineNr">109 </span>  reset lock
-<span id="L110" class="LineNr">110 </span>]
-<span id="L111" class="LineNr">111 </span>
-<span id="L112" class="LineNr">112 </span><span class="Comment"># read a value from a channel</span>
-<span id="L113" class="LineNr">113 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> read in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:_elem, eof?:bool, in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L114" class="LineNr">114 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L115" class="LineNr">115 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L116" class="LineNr">116 </span>  assert in, <span class="Constant">[read on null channel]</span>
-<span id="L117" class="LineNr">117 </span>  eof? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy <span class="Constant">0/false</span>  <span class="Comment"># default result</span>
-<span id="L118" class="LineNr">118 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *in, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L119" class="LineNr">119 </span>  <span class="Comment"># block until lock is acquired AND queue has data</span>
-<span id="L120" class="LineNr">120 </span>  lock:location <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get-location *chan, <span class="Constant">lock:offset</span>
-<span id="L121" class="LineNr">121 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [read], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L122" class="LineNr">122 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L123" class="LineNr">123 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [trying to acquire lock for reading], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L124" class="LineNr">124 </span>    wait-for-reset-then-set lock
-<span id="L125" class="LineNr">125 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [lock acquired for reading], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L126" class="LineNr">126 </span>    empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L127" class="LineNr">127 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> empty?
-<span id="L128" class="LineNr">128 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [but channel is empty; relinquishing lock], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L129" class="LineNr">129 </span>    <span class="Comment"># channel is empty; relinquish lock and give a writer the opportunity to</span>
-<span id="L130" class="LineNr">130 </span>    <span class="Comment"># add to it</span>
-<span id="L131" class="LineNr">131 </span>    reset lock
-<span id="L132" class="LineNr">132 </span>    current-routine-is-blocked
-<span id="L133" class="LineNr">133 </span><span class="Constant">    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L133'>&lt;channel-read-empty&gt;</a></span>
-<span id="L134" class="LineNr">134 </span>    switch  <span class="Comment"># avoid spinlocking</span>
-<span id="L135" class="LineNr">135 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L136" class="LineNr">136 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L137" class="LineNr">137 </span>  current-routine-is-unblocked
-<span id="L138" class="LineNr">138 </span>  <span class="Comment"># pull result off</span>
-<span id="L139" class="LineNr">139 </span>  full:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L140" class="LineNr">140 </span>  circular-buffer:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
-<span id="L141" class="LineNr">141 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> index *circular-buffer, full
-<span id="L142" class="LineNr">142 </span>  <span class="Comment"># clear the slot</span>
-<span id="L143" class="LineNr">143 </span>  empty:&amp;:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Constant">_elem:type</span>
-<span id="L144" class="LineNr">144 </span>  *circular-buffer <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put-index *circular-buffer, full, *empty
-<span id="L145" class="LineNr">145 </span>  <span class="Comment"># mark its slot as empty</span>
-<span id="L146" class="LineNr">146 </span>  full <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add full,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
-<span id="L147" class="LineNr">147 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L148" class="LineNr">148 </span>    <span class="Comment"># wrap full around to 0 if necessary</span>
-<span id="L149" class="LineNr">149 </span>    len:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> length *circular-buffer
-<span id="L150" class="LineNr">150 </span>    at-end?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal full, len
-<span id="L151" class="LineNr">151 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> at-end?
-<span id="L152" class="LineNr">152 </span>    full <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L153" class="LineNr">153 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L154" class="LineNr">154 </span>  <span class="Comment"># write back</span>
-<span id="L155" class="LineNr">155 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>, full
-<span id="L156" class="LineNr">156 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [relinquishing lock after reading], 10/newline</span>
-<span id="L157" class="LineNr">157 </span>  reset lock
-<span id="L158" class="LineNr">158 </span>]
-<span id="L159" class="LineNr">159 </span>
-<span id="L160" class="LineNr">160 </span><span class="Comment"># todo: create a notion of iterator and iterable so we can read/write whole</span>
-<span id="L161" class="LineNr">161 </span><span class="Comment"># aggregates (arrays, lists, ..) of _elems at once.</span>
-<span id="L162" class="LineNr">162 </span>
-<span id="L163" class="LineNr">163 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-initialization [
-<span id="L164" class="LineNr">164 </span>  run [
-<span id="L165" class="LineNr">165 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L166" class="LineNr">166 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L167" class="LineNr">167 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L168" class="LineNr">168 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L169" class="LineNr">169 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L170" class="LineNr">170 </span>  ]
-<span id="L171" class="LineNr">171 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L172" class="LineNr">172 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full</span>
-<span id="L173" class="LineNr">173 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free</span>
-<span id="L174" class="LineNr">174 </span>  ]
-<span id="L175" class="LineNr">175 </span>]
-<span id="L176" class="LineNr">176 </span>
-<span id="L177" class="LineNr">177 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-write-increments-free [
-<span id="L178" class="LineNr">178 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L179" class="LineNr">179 </span>  _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L180" class="LineNr">180 </span>  run [
-<span id="L181" class="LineNr">181 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L182" class="LineNr">182 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *sink, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L183" class="LineNr">183 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L184" class="LineNr">184 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L185" class="LineNr">185 </span>  ]
-<span id="L186" class="LineNr">186 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L187" class="LineNr">187 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full</span>
-<span id="L188" class="LineNr">188 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free</span>
-<span id="L189" class="LineNr">189 </span>  ]
-<span id="L190" class="LineNr">190 </span>]
-<span id="L191" class="LineNr">191 </span>
-<span id="L192" class="LineNr">192 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-read-increments-full [
-<span id="L193" class="LineNr">193 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L194" class="LineNr">194 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L195" class="LineNr">195 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L196" class="LineNr">196 </span>  run [
-<span id="L197" class="LineNr">197 </span>    _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L198" class="LineNr">198 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L199" class="LineNr">199 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L200" class="LineNr">200 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L201" class="LineNr">201 </span>  ]
-<span id="L202" class="LineNr">202 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L203" class="LineNr">203 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full</span>
-<span id="L204" class="LineNr">204 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free</span>
-<span id="L205" class="LineNr">205 </span>  ]
-<span id="L206" class="LineNr">206 </span>]
-<span id="L207" class="LineNr">207 </span>
-<span id="L208" class="LineNr">208 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-wrap [
-<span id="L209" class="LineNr">209 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L210" class="LineNr">210 </span>  <span class="Comment"># channel with just 1 slot</span>
-<span id="L211" class="LineNr">211 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">1/capacity</span>
-<span id="L212" class="LineNr">212 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L213" class="LineNr">213 </span>  <span class="Comment"># write and read a value</span>
-<span id="L214" class="LineNr">214 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L215" class="LineNr">215 </span>  _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L216" class="LineNr">216 </span>  run [
-<span id="L217" class="LineNr">217 </span>    <span class="Comment"># first-free will now be 1</span>
-<span id="L218" class="LineNr">218 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L219" class="LineNr">219 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L220" class="LineNr">220 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write second value, verify that first-free wraps</span>
-<span id="L221" class="LineNr">221 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L222" class="LineNr">222 </span>    20:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L223" class="LineNr">223 </span>    <span class="Comment"># read second value, verify that first-full wraps</span>
-<span id="L224" class="LineNr">224 </span>    _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L225" class="LineNr">225 </span>    30:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L226" class="LineNr">226 </span>  ]
-<span id="L227" class="LineNr">227 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L228" class="LineNr">228 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free after first write</span>
-<span id="L229" class="LineNr">229 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full after first read</span>
-<span id="L230" class="LineNr">230 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 20</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free after second write, wrapped</span>
-<span id="L231" class="LineNr">231 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 30</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full after second read, wrapped</span>
-<span id="L232" class="LineNr">232 </span>  ]
-<span id="L233" class="LineNr">233 </span>]
-<span id="L234" class="LineNr">234 </span>
-<span id="L235" class="LineNr">235 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-new-empty-not-full [
-<span id="L236" class="LineNr">236 </span>  run [
-<span id="L237" class="LineNr">237 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L238" class="LineNr">238 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L239" class="LineNr">239 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L240" class="LineNr">240 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L241" class="LineNr">241 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L381'>channel-full?</a> chan
-<span id="L242" class="LineNr">242 </span>  ]
-<span id="L243" class="LineNr">243 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L244" class="LineNr">244 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
-<span id="L245" class="LineNr">245 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
-<span id="L246" class="LineNr">246 </span>  ]
-<span id="L247" class="LineNr">247 </span>]
-<span id="L248" class="LineNr">248 </span>
-<span id="L249" class="LineNr">249 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-write-not-empty [
-<span id="L250" class="LineNr">250 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L251" class="LineNr">251 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L252" class="LineNr">252 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L253" class="LineNr">253 </span>  run [
-<span id="L254" class="LineNr">254 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L255" class="LineNr">255 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L256" class="LineNr">256 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L381'>channel-full?</a> chan
-<span id="L257" class="LineNr">257 </span>  ]
-<span id="L258" class="LineNr">258 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L259" class="LineNr">259 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
-<span id="L260" class="LineNr">260 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
-<span id="L261" class="LineNr">261 </span>  ]
-<span id="L262" class="LineNr">262 </span>]
-<span id="L263" class="LineNr">263 </span>
-<span id="L264" class="LineNr">264 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-write-full [
-<span id="L265" class="LineNr">265 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L266" class="LineNr">266 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">1/capacity</span>
-<span id="L267" class="LineNr">267 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L268" class="LineNr">268 </span>  run [
-<span id="L269" class="LineNr">269 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L270" class="LineNr">270 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L271" class="LineNr">271 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L381'>channel-full?</a> chan
-<span id="L272" class="LineNr">272 </span>  ]
-<span id="L273" class="LineNr">273 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L274" class="LineNr">274 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
-<span id="L275" class="LineNr">275 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
-<span id="L276" class="LineNr">276 </span>  ]
-<span id="L277" class="LineNr">277 </span>]
-<span id="L278" class="LineNr">278 </span>
-<span id="L279" class="LineNr">279 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-read-not-full [
-<span id="L280" class="LineNr">280 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L281" class="LineNr">281 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">1/capacity</span>
-<span id="L282" class="LineNr">282 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L283" class="LineNr">283 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
-<span id="L284" class="LineNr">284 </span>  run [
-<span id="L285" class="LineNr">285 </span>    _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L286" class="LineNr">286 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L287" class="LineNr">287 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L381'>channel-full?</a> chan
-<span id="L288" class="LineNr">288 </span>  ]
-<span id="L289" class="LineNr">289 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L290" class="LineNr">290 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
-<span id="L291" class="LineNr">291 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
-<span id="L292" class="LineNr">292 </span>  ]
-<span id="L293" class="LineNr">293 </span>]
-<span id="L294" class="LineNr">294 </span>
-<span id="L295" class="LineNr">295 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-clear [
-<span id="L296" class="LineNr">296 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L297" class="LineNr">297 </span>  <span class="Comment"># create a channel with a few items</span>
-<span id="L298" class="LineNr">298 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
-<span id="L299" class="LineNr">299 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *sink, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L300" class="LineNr">300 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 30</span>
-<span id="L301" class="LineNr">301 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 31</span>
-<span id="L302" class="LineNr">302 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 32</span>
-<span id="L303" class="LineNr">303 </span>  run [
-<span id="L304" class="LineNr">304 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L312'>clear</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L305" class="LineNr">305 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L306" class="LineNr">306 </span>  ]
-<span id="L307" class="LineNr">307 </span>  memory-should-contain [
-<span id="L308" class="LineNr">308 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># after the call to 'clear', the channel should be empty</span>
-<span id="L309" class="LineNr">309 </span>  ]
-<span id="L310" class="LineNr">310 </span>]
-<span id="L311" class="LineNr">311 </span>
-<span id="L312" class="LineNr">312 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L312'>clear</a> in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L313" class="LineNr">313 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L314" class="LineNr">314 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L315" class="LineNr">315 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *in, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L316" class="LineNr">316 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L317" class="LineNr">317 </span>    empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan
-<span id="L318" class="LineNr">318 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-if</span> empty?
-<span id="L319" class="LineNr">319 </span>    _, _, in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read in
-<span id="L320" class="LineNr">320 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L321" class="LineNr">321 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L40" class="LineNr"> 40 </span><span class="muData">container</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L41" class="LineNr"> 41 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem
+<span id="L42" class="LineNr"> 42 </span>]
+<span id="L43" class="LineNr"> 43 </span>
+<span id="L44" class="LineNr"> 44 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L391'>capacity</a>:num<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem, out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L45" class="LineNr"> 45 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L46" class="LineNr"> 46 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L47" class="LineNr"> 47 </span>  result:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Delimiter">{</span>(channel _elem): type<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L48" class="LineNr"> 48 </span>  *result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *result, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>,<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L49" class="LineNr"> 49 </span>  *result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *result, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>,<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L50" class="LineNr"> 50 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L391'>capacity</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add <a href='075channel.mu.html#L391'>capacity</a>,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># unused slot for 'full?' below</span>
+<span id="L51" class="LineNr"> 51 </span>  data:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Constant">_elem:type</span>, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L391'>capacity</a>
+<span id="L52" class="LineNr"> 52 </span>  *result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *result, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>, data
+<span id="L53" class="LineNr"> 53 </span>  in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Delimiter">{</span>(source _elem): type<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L54" class="LineNr"> 54 </span>  *in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *in, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>, result
+<span id="L55" class="LineNr"> 55 </span>  out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Delimiter">{</span>(sink _elem): type<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L56" class="LineNr"> 56 </span>  *out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *out, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>, result
+<span id="L57" class="LineNr"> 57 </span>]
+<span id="L58" class="LineNr"> 58 </span>
+<span id="L59" class="LineNr"> 59 </span><span class="Comment"># write a value to a channel</span>
+<span id="L60" class="LineNr"> 60 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:_elem, val:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L61" class="LineNr"> 61 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L62" class="LineNr"> 62 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L63" class="LineNr"> 63 </span>  assert out, <span class="Constant">[write to null channel]</span>
+<span id="L64" class="LineNr"> 64 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *out, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L65" class="LineNr"> 65 </span><span class="Constant">  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L65'>&lt;channel-write-initial&gt;</a></span>
+<span id="L66" class="LineNr"> 66 </span>  <span class="Comment"># block until lock is acquired AND queue has room</span>
+<span id="L67" class="LineNr"> 67 </span>  lock:location <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get-location *chan, <span class="Constant">lock:offset</span>
+<span id="L68" class="LineNr"> 68 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [write], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L69" class="LineNr"> 69 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L70" class="LineNr"> 70 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [trying to acquire lock for writing], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L71" class="LineNr"> 71 </span>    wait-for-reset-then-set lock
+<span id="L72" class="LineNr"> 72 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [lock acquired for writing], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L73" class="LineNr"> 73 </span>    full?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L373'>channel-full?</a> chan
+<span id="L74" class="LineNr"> 74 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> full?
+<span id="L75" class="LineNr"> 75 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [but channel is full; relinquishing lock], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L76" class="LineNr"> 76 </span>    <span class="Comment"># channel is full; relinquish lock and give a reader the opportunity to</span>
+<span id="L77" class="LineNr"> 77 </span>    <span class="Comment"># create room on it</span>
+<span id="L78" class="LineNr"> 78 </span>    reset lock
+<span id="L79" class="LineNr"> 79 </span>    current-routine-is-blocked
+<span id="L80" class="LineNr"> 80 </span>    switch  <span class="Comment"># avoid spinlocking</span>
+<span id="L81" class="LineNr"> 81 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L82" class="LineNr"> 82 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L83" class="LineNr"> 83 </span>  current-routine-is-unblocked
+<span id="L84" class="LineNr"> 84 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [performing write], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L85" class="LineNr"> 85 </span>  <span class="Comment"># store a deep copy of val</span>
+<span id="L86" class="LineNr"> 86 </span>  circular-buffer:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
+<span id="L87" class="LineNr"> 87 </span>  free:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L88" class="LineNr"> 88 </span>  *circular-buffer <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put-index *circular-buffer, free, val
+<span id="L89" class="LineNr"> 89 </span>  <span class="Comment"># mark its slot as filled</span>
+<span id="L90" class="LineNr"> 90 </span>  free <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add free,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
+<span id="L91" class="LineNr"> 91 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L92" class="LineNr"> 92 </span>    <span class="Comment"># wrap free around to 0 if necessary</span>
+<span id="L93" class="LineNr"> 93 </span>    len:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> length *circular-buffer
+<span id="L94" class="LineNr"> 94 </span>    at-end?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal free, len
+<span id="L95" class="LineNr"> 95 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> at-end?
+<span id="L96" class="LineNr"> 96 </span>    free <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L97" class="LineNr"> 97 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L98" class="LineNr"> 98 </span>  <span class="Comment"># write back</span>
+<span id="L99" class="LineNr"> 99 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>, free
+<span id="L100" class="LineNr">100 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [relinquishing lock after writing], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L101" class="LineNr">101 </span>  reset lock
+<span id="L102" class="LineNr">102 </span>]
+<span id="L103" class="LineNr">103 </span>
+<span id="L104" class="LineNr">104 </span><span class="Comment"># read a value from a channel</span>
+<span id="L105" class="LineNr">105 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> read in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:_elem, eof?:bool, in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L106" class="LineNr">106 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L107" class="LineNr">107 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L108" class="LineNr">108 </span>  assert in, <span class="Constant">[read on null channel]</span>
+<span id="L109" class="LineNr">109 </span>  eof? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy <span class="Constant">0/false</span>  <span class="Comment"># default result</span>
+<span id="L110" class="LineNr">110 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *in, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L111" class="LineNr">111 </span>  <span class="Comment"># block until lock is acquired AND queue has data</span>
+<span id="L112" class="LineNr">112 </span>  lock:location <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get-location *chan, <span class="Constant">lock:offset</span>
+<span id="L113" class="LineNr">113 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [read], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L114" class="LineNr">114 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L115" class="LineNr">115 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [trying to acquire lock for reading], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L116" class="LineNr">116 </span>    wait-for-reset-then-set lock
+<span id="L117" class="LineNr">117 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [lock acquired for reading], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L118" class="LineNr">118 </span>    empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L119" class="LineNr">119 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> empty?
+<span id="L120" class="LineNr">120 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?     $print [but channel is empty; relinquishing lock], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L121" class="LineNr">121 </span>    <span class="Comment"># channel is empty; relinquish lock and give a writer the opportunity to</span>
+<span id="L122" class="LineNr">122 </span>    <span class="Comment"># add to it</span>
+<span id="L123" class="LineNr">123 </span>    reset lock
+<span id="L124" class="LineNr">124 </span>    current-routine-is-blocked
+<span id="L125" class="LineNr">125 </span><span class="Constant">    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L125'>&lt;channel-read-empty&gt;</a></span>
+<span id="L126" class="LineNr">126 </span>    switch  <span class="Comment"># avoid spinlocking</span>
+<span id="L127" class="LineNr">127 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L128" class="LineNr">128 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L129" class="LineNr">129 </span>  current-routine-is-unblocked
+<span id="L130" class="LineNr">130 </span>  <span class="Comment"># pull result off</span>
+<span id="L131" class="LineNr">131 </span>  full:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L132" class="LineNr">132 </span>  circular-buffer:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
+<span id="L133" class="LineNr">133 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> index *circular-buffer, full
+<span id="L134" class="LineNr">134 </span>  <span class="Comment"># clear the slot</span>
+<span id="L135" class="LineNr">135 </span>  empty:&amp;:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Constant">_elem:type</span>
+<span id="L136" class="LineNr">136 </span>  *circular-buffer <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put-index *circular-buffer, full, *empty
+<span id="L137" class="LineNr">137 </span>  <span class="Comment"># mark its slot as empty</span>
+<span id="L138" class="LineNr">138 </span>  full <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add full,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
+<span id="L139" class="LineNr">139 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L140" class="LineNr">140 </span>    <span class="Comment"># wrap full around to 0 if necessary</span>
+<span id="L141" class="LineNr">141 </span>    len:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> length *circular-buffer
+<span id="L142" class="LineNr">142 </span>    at-end?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal full, len
+<span id="L143" class="LineNr">143 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> at-end?
+<span id="L144" class="LineNr">144 </span>    full <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L145" class="LineNr">145 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L146" class="LineNr">146 </span>  <span class="Comment"># write back</span>
+<span id="L147" class="LineNr">147 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>, full
+<span id="L148" class="LineNr">148 </span><span class="CommentedCode">#?   $print [relinquishing lock after reading], 10/newline</span>
+<span id="L149" class="LineNr">149 </span>  reset lock
+<span id="L150" class="LineNr">150 </span>]
+<span id="L151" class="LineNr">151 </span>
+<span id="L152" class="LineNr">152 </span><span class="Comment"># todo: create a notion of iterator and iterable so we can read/write whole</span>
+<span id="L153" class="LineNr">153 </span><span class="Comment"># aggregates (arrays, lists, ..) of _elems at once.</span>
+<span id="L154" class="LineNr">154 </span>
+<span id="L155" class="LineNr">155 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-initialization [
+<span id="L156" class="LineNr">156 </span>  run [
+<span id="L157" class="LineNr">157 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L158" class="LineNr">158 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L159" class="LineNr">159 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L160" class="LineNr">160 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L161" class="LineNr">161 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L162" class="LineNr">162 </span>  ]
+<span id="L163" class="LineNr">163 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L164" class="LineNr">164 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full</span>
+<span id="L165" class="LineNr">165 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free</span>
+<span id="L166" class="LineNr">166 </span>  ]
+<span id="L167" class="LineNr">167 </span>]
+<span id="L168" class="LineNr">168 </span>
+<span id="L169" class="LineNr">169 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-write-increments-free [
+<span id="L170" class="LineNr">170 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L171" class="LineNr">171 </span>  _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L172" class="LineNr">172 </span>  run [
+<span id="L173" class="LineNr">173 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L174" class="LineNr">174 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *sink, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L175" class="LineNr">175 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L176" class="LineNr">176 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L177" class="LineNr">177 </span>  ]
+<span id="L178" class="LineNr">178 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L179" class="LineNr">179 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full</span>
+<span id="L180" class="LineNr">180 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free</span>
+<span id="L181" class="LineNr">181 </span>  ]
+<span id="L182" class="LineNr">182 </span>]
+<span id="L183" class="LineNr">183 </span>
+<span id="L184" class="LineNr">184 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-read-increments-full [
+<span id="L185" class="LineNr">185 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L186" class="LineNr">186 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L187" class="LineNr">187 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L188" class="LineNr">188 </span>  run [
+<span id="L189" class="LineNr">189 </span>    _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L190" class="LineNr">190 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L191" class="LineNr">191 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L192" class="LineNr">192 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L193" class="LineNr">193 </span>  ]
+<span id="L194" class="LineNr">194 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L195" class="LineNr">195 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full</span>
+<span id="L196" class="LineNr">196 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free</span>
+<span id="L197" class="LineNr">197 </span>  ]
+<span id="L198" class="LineNr">198 </span>]
+<span id="L199" class="LineNr">199 </span>
+<span id="L200" class="LineNr">200 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-wrap [
+<span id="L201" class="LineNr">201 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L202" class="LineNr">202 </span>  <span class="Comment"># channel with just 1 slot</span>
+<span id="L203" class="LineNr">203 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">1/capacity</span>
+<span id="L204" class="LineNr">204 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L205" class="LineNr">205 </span>  <span class="Comment"># write and read a value</span>
+<span id="L206" class="LineNr">206 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L207" class="LineNr">207 </span>  _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L208" class="LineNr">208 </span>  run [
+<span id="L209" class="LineNr">209 </span>    <span class="Comment"># first-free will now be 1</span>
+<span id="L210" class="LineNr">210 </span>    10:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L211" class="LineNr">211 </span>    11:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L212" class="LineNr">212 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write second value, verify that first-free wraps</span>
+<span id="L213" class="LineNr">213 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L214" class="LineNr">214 </span>    20:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L215" class="LineNr">215 </span>    <span class="Comment"># read second value, verify that first-full wraps</span>
+<span id="L216" class="LineNr">216 </span>    _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L217" class="LineNr">217 </span>    30:num/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L218" class="LineNr">218 </span>  ]
+<span id="L219" class="LineNr">219 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L220" class="LineNr">220 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free after first write</span>
+<span id="L221" class="LineNr">221 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full after first read</span>
+<span id="L222" class="LineNr">222 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 20</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-free after second write, wrapped</span>
+<span id="L223" class="LineNr">223 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 30</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># first-full after second read, wrapped</span>
+<span id="L224" class="LineNr">224 </span>  ]
+<span id="L225" class="LineNr">225 </span>]
+<span id="L226" class="LineNr">226 </span>
+<span id="L227" class="LineNr">227 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-new-empty-not-full [
+<span id="L228" class="LineNr">228 </span>  run [
+<span id="L229" class="LineNr">229 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L230" class="LineNr">230 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L231" class="LineNr">231 </span>    chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L232" class="LineNr">232 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L233" class="LineNr">233 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L373'>channel-full?</a> chan
+<span id="L234" class="LineNr">234 </span>  ]
+<span id="L235" class="LineNr">235 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L236" class="LineNr">236 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
+<span id="L237" class="LineNr">237 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
+<span id="L238" class="LineNr">238 </span>  ]
+<span id="L239" class="LineNr">239 </span>]
+<span id="L240" class="LineNr">240 </span>
+<span id="L241" class="LineNr">241 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-write-not-empty [
+<span id="L242" class="LineNr">242 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L243" class="LineNr">243 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L244" class="LineNr">244 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L245" class="LineNr">245 </span>  run [
+<span id="L246" class="LineNr">246 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L247" class="LineNr">247 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L248" class="LineNr">248 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L373'>channel-full?</a> chan
+<span id="L249" class="LineNr">249 </span>  ]
+<span id="L250" class="LineNr">250 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L251" class="LineNr">251 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
+<span id="L252" class="LineNr">252 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
+<span id="L253" class="LineNr">253 </span>  ]
+<span id="L254" class="LineNr">254 </span>]
+<span id="L255" class="LineNr">255 </span>
+<span id="L256" class="LineNr">256 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-write-full [
+<span id="L257" class="LineNr">257 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L258" class="LineNr">258 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">1/capacity</span>
+<span id="L259" class="LineNr">259 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L260" class="LineNr">260 </span>  run [
+<span id="L261" class="LineNr">261 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L262" class="LineNr">262 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L263" class="LineNr">263 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L373'>channel-full?</a> chan
+<span id="L264" class="LineNr">264 </span>  ]
+<span id="L265" class="LineNr">265 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L266" class="LineNr">266 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
+<span id="L267" class="LineNr">267 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
+<span id="L268" class="LineNr">268 </span>  ]
+<span id="L269" class="LineNr">269 </span>]
+<span id="L270" class="LineNr">270 </span>
+<span id="L271" class="LineNr">271 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-read-not-full [
+<span id="L272" class="LineNr">272 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L273" class="LineNr">273 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">1/capacity</span>
+<span id="L274" class="LineNr">274 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *source, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L275" class="LineNr">275 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 34</span>
+<span id="L276" class="LineNr">276 </span>  run [
+<span id="L277" class="LineNr">277 </span>    _, _, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L278" class="LineNr">278 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L279" class="LineNr">279 </span>    11:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L373'>channel-full?</a> chan
+<span id="L280" class="LineNr">280 </span>  ]
+<span id="L281" class="LineNr">281 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L282" class="LineNr">282 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># empty?</span>
+<span id="L283" class="LineNr">283 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 11</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>  <span class="Comment"># full?</span>
+<span id="L284" class="LineNr">284 </span>  ]
+<span id="L285" class="LineNr">285 </span>]
+<span id="L286" class="LineNr">286 </span>
+<span id="L287" class="LineNr">287 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> channel-clear [
+<span id="L288" class="LineNr">288 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L289" class="LineNr">289 </span>  <span class="Comment"># create a channel with a few items</span>
+<span id="L290" class="LineNr">290 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:num, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">3/capacity</span>
+<span id="L291" class="LineNr">291 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *sink, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L292" class="LineNr">292 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 30</span>
+<span id="L293" class="LineNr">293 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 31</span>
+<span id="L294" class="LineNr">294 </span>  <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>,<span class="Constant"> 32</span>
+<span id="L295" class="LineNr">295 </span>  run [
+<span id="L296" class="LineNr">296 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L304'>clear</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L297" class="LineNr">297 </span>    10:bool/<span class="Special">raw</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L298" class="LineNr">298 </span>  ]
+<span id="L299" class="LineNr">299 </span>  memory-should-contain [
+<span id="L300" class="LineNr">300 </span>   <span class="Constant"> 10</span> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span><span class="Constant"> 1</span>  <span class="Comment"># after the call to 'clear', the channel should be empty</span>
+<span id="L301" class="LineNr">301 </span>  ]
+<span id="L302" class="LineNr">302 </span>]
+<span id="L303" class="LineNr">303 </span>
+<span id="L304" class="LineNr">304 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L304'>clear</a> in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L305" class="LineNr">305 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L306" class="LineNr">306 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L307" class="LineNr">307 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *in, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L308" class="LineNr">308 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L309" class="LineNr">309 </span>    empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan
+<span id="L310" class="LineNr">310 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-if</span> empty?
+<span id="L311" class="LineNr">311 </span>    _, _, in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read in
+<span id="L312" class="LineNr">312 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L313" class="LineNr">313 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L314" class="LineNr">314 </span>]
+<span id="L315" class="LineNr">315 </span>
+<span id="L316" class="LineNr">316 </span><span class="SalientComment">## cancelling channels</span>
+<span id="L317" class="LineNr">317 </span>
+<span id="L318" class="LineNr">318 </span><span class="Comment"># every channel comes with a boolean signifying if it's been closed</span>
+<span id="L319" class="LineNr">319 </span><span class="Comment"># initially this boolean is false</span>
+<span id="L320" class="LineNr">320 </span><span class="muData">container</span> channel:_elem [
+<span id="L321" class="LineNr">321 </span>  closed?:bool
 <span id="L322" class="LineNr">322 </span>]
 <span id="L323" class="LineNr">323 </span>
-<span id="L324" class="LineNr">324 </span><span class="SalientComment">## cancelling channels</span>
-<span id="L325" class="LineNr">325 </span>
-<span id="L326" class="LineNr">326 </span><span class="Comment"># every channel comes with a boolean signifying if it's been closed</span>
-<span id="L327" class="LineNr">327 </span><span class="Comment"># initially this boolean is false</span>
-<span id="L328" class="LineNr">328 </span><span class="muData">container</span> channel:_elem [
-<span id="L329" class="LineNr">329 </span>  closed?:bool
-<span id="L330" class="LineNr">330 </span>]
-<span id="L331" class="LineNr">331 </span>
-<span id="L332" class="LineNr">332 </span><span class="Comment"># a channel can be closed from either the source or the sink</span>
-<span id="L333" class="LineNr">333 </span><span class="Comment"># both routines can modify the 'closed?' bit, but they can only ever set it, so this is a benign race</span>
-<span id="L334" class="LineNr">334 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> close x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L335" class="LineNr">335 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L336" class="LineNr">336 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L337" class="LineNr">337 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *x, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L338" class="LineNr">338 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>, <span class="Constant">1/true</span>
-<span id="L339" class="LineNr">339 </span>]
-<span id="L340" class="LineNr">340 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> close x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:_elem [
-<span id="L341" class="LineNr">341 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L342" class="LineNr">342 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L343" class="LineNr">343 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *x, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L344" class="LineNr">344 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>, <span class="Constant">1/true</span>
-<span id="L345" class="LineNr">345 </span>]
-<span id="L346" class="LineNr">346 </span>
-<span id="L347" class="LineNr">347 </span><span class="Comment"># once a channel is closed from one side, no further operations are expected from that side</span>
-<span id="L348" class="LineNr">348 </span><span class="Comment"># if a channel is closed for reading,</span>
-<span id="L349" class="LineNr">349 </span><span class="Comment">#   no further writes will be let through</span>
-<span id="L350" class="LineNr">350 </span><span class="Comment"># if a channel is closed for writing,</span>
-<span id="L351" class="LineNr">351 </span><span class="Comment">#   future reads continue until the channel empties,</span>
-<span id="L352" class="LineNr">352 </span><span class="Comment">#   then the channel is also closed for reading</span>
-<span id="L353" class="LineNr">353 </span><span class="muRecipe">after</span> <span class="Constant"><a href='075channel.mu.html#L72'>&lt;channel-write-initial&gt;</a></span> [
-<span id="L354" class="LineNr">354 </span>  closed?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>
-<span id="L355" class="LineNr">355 </span>  <span class="muControl">return-if</span> closed?
-<span id="L356" class="LineNr">356 </span>]
-<span id="L357" class="LineNr">357 </span><span class="muRecipe">after</span> <span class="Constant"><a href='075channel.mu.html#L133'>&lt;channel-read-empty&gt;</a></span> [
-<span id="L358" class="LineNr">358 </span>  closed?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>
-<span id="L359" class="LineNr">359 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L360" class="LineNr">360 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> closed?
-<span id="L361" class="LineNr">361 </span>    empty-result:&amp;:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Constant">_elem:type</span>
-<span id="L362" class="LineNr">362 </span>    current-routine-is-unblocked
-<span id="L363" class="LineNr">363 </span>   <span class="muControl"> return</span> *empty-result, <span class="Constant">1/true</span>
-<span id="L364" class="LineNr">364 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L365" class="LineNr">365 </span>]
-<span id="L366" class="LineNr">366 </span>
-<span id="L367" class="LineNr">367 </span><span class="SalientComment">## helpers</span>
-<span id="L368" class="LineNr">368 </span>
-<span id="L369" class="LineNr">369 </span><span class="Comment"># An empty channel has first-free and first-full both at the same value.</span>
-<span id="L370" class="LineNr">370 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> chan:&amp;:channel:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:bool [
-<span id="L371" class="LineNr">371 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L372" class="LineNr">372 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L373" class="LineNr">373 </span>  <span class="Comment"># return chan.first-full == chan.first-free</span>
-<span id="L374" class="LineNr">374 </span>  full:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L375" class="LineNr">375 </span>  free:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L376" class="LineNr">376 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal full, free
-<span id="L377" class="LineNr">377 </span>]
-<span id="L378" class="LineNr">378 </span>
-<span id="L379" class="LineNr">379 </span><span class="Comment"># A full channel has first-free just before first-full, wasting one slot.</span>
-<span id="L380" class="LineNr">380 </span><span class="Comment"># (Other alternatives: <a href="https://www.snellman.net/blog/archive/2016-12-13-ring-buffers">https://www.snellman.net/blog/archive/2016-12-13-ring-buffers</a>)</span>
-<span id="L381" class="LineNr">381 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L381'>channel-full?</a> chan:&amp;:channel:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:bool [
-<span id="L382" class="LineNr">382 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L383" class="LineNr">383 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L384" class="LineNr">384 </span>  <span class="Comment"># tmp = chan.first-free + 1</span>
-<span id="L385" class="LineNr">385 </span>  tmp:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
-<span id="L386" class="LineNr">386 </span>  tmp <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add tmp,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
-<span id="L387" class="LineNr">387 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L388" class="LineNr">388 </span>    <span class="Comment"># if tmp == chan.capacity, tmp = 0</span>
-<span id="L389" class="LineNr">389 </span>    len:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L399'>capacity</a> chan
-<span id="L390" class="LineNr">390 </span>    at-end?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal tmp, len
-<span id="L391" class="LineNr">391 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> at-end?
-<span id="L392" class="LineNr">392 </span>    tmp <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L393" class="LineNr">393 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L394" class="LineNr">394 </span>  <span class="Comment"># return chan.first-full == tmp</span>
-<span id="L395" class="LineNr">395 </span>  full:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
-<span id="L396" class="LineNr">396 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal full, tmp
-<span id="L397" class="LineNr">397 </span>]
-<span id="L398" class="LineNr">398 </span>
-<span id="L399" class="LineNr">399 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L399'>capacity</a> chan:&amp;:channel:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:num [
-<span id="L400" class="LineNr">400 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L401" class="LineNr">401 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L402" class="LineNr">402 </span>  q:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
-<span id="L403" class="LineNr">403 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> length *q
-<span id="L404" class="LineNr">404 </span>]
-<span id="L405" class="LineNr">405 </span>
-<span id="L406" class="LineNr">406 </span><span class="SalientComment">## helpers for channels of characters in particular</span>
-<span id="L407" class="LineNr">407 </span>
-<span id="L408" class="LineNr">408 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L408'>buffer-lines</a> in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:char, buffered-out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:char<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>buffered-out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:char, in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:char [
-<span id="L409" class="LineNr">409 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L410" class="LineNr">410 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L411" class="LineNr">411 </span>  <span class="Comment"># repeat forever</span>
-<span id="L412" class="LineNr">412 </span>  eof?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy <span class="Constant">0/false</span>
-<span id="L413" class="LineNr">413 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L414" class="LineNr">414 </span>    line:&amp;:<a href='061text.mu.html#L120'>buffer</a>:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='061text.mu.html#L125'>new-buffer</a><span class="Constant"> 30</span>
-<span id="L415" class="LineNr">415 </span>    <span class="Comment"># read characters from 'in' until newline, copy into line</span>
-<span id="L416" class="LineNr">416 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L417" class="LineNr">417 </span><span class="Constant">      +next-character</span>
-<span id="L418" class="LineNr">418 </span>      c:char, eof?:bool, in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read in
-<span id="L419" class="LineNr">419 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-if</span> eof?
-<span id="L420" class="LineNr">420 </span>      <span class="Comment"># drop a character on backspace</span>
-<span id="L421" class="LineNr">421 </span>      <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L422" class="LineNr">422 </span>        <span class="Comment"># special-case: if it's a backspace</span>
-<span id="L423" class="LineNr">423 </span>        backspace?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal c,<span class="Constant"> 8</span>
-<span id="L424" class="LineNr">424 </span>        <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> backspace?
-<span id="L425" class="LineNr">425 </span>        <span class="Comment"># drop previous character</span>
-<span id="L426" class="LineNr">426 </span>        <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L427" class="LineNr">427 </span>          buffer-length:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *line, <span class="Constant">length:offset</span>
-<span id="L428" class="LineNr">428 </span>          buffer-empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal buffer-length,<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L429" class="LineNr">429 </span>          <span class="muControl">break-if</span> buffer-empty?
-<span id="L430" class="LineNr">430 </span>          buffer-length <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> subtract buffer-length,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
-<span id="L431" class="LineNr">431 </span>          *line <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *line, <span class="Constant">length:offset</span>, buffer-length
-<span id="L432" class="LineNr">432 </span>        <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L433" class="LineNr">433 </span>        <span class="Comment"># and don't append this one</span>
-<span id="L434" class="LineNr">434 </span>       <span class="muControl"> loop</span> <span class="Constant">+next-character</span>
-<span id="L435" class="LineNr">435 </span>      <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L436" class="LineNr">436 </span>      <span class="Comment"># append anything else</span>
-<span id="L437" class="LineNr">437 </span>      line <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> append line, c
-<span id="L438" class="LineNr">438 </span>      line-done?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal c, <span class="Constant">10/newline</span>
-<span id="L439" class="LineNr">439 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-if</span> line-done?
-<span id="L440" class="LineNr">440 </span>     <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L441" class="LineNr">441 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L442" class="LineNr">442 </span>    <span class="Comment"># copy line into 'buffered-out'</span>
-<span id="L443" class="LineNr">443 </span>    i:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
-<span id="L444" class="LineNr">444 </span>    line-contents:text <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *line, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
-<span id="L445" class="LineNr">445 </span>    max:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *line, <span class="Constant">length:offset</span>
+<span id="L324" class="LineNr">324 </span><span class="Comment"># a channel can be closed from either the source or the sink</span>
+<span id="L325" class="LineNr">325 </span><span class="Comment"># both routines can modify the 'closed?' bit, but they can only ever set it, so this is a benign race</span>
+<span id="L326" class="LineNr">326 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> close x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L327" class="LineNr">327 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L328" class="LineNr">328 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L329" class="LineNr">329 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *x, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L330" class="LineNr">330 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>, <span class="Constant">1/true</span>
+<span id="L331" class="LineNr">331 </span>]
+<span id="L332" class="LineNr">332 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> close x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>x:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:_elem [
+<span id="L333" class="LineNr">333 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L334" class="LineNr">334 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L335" class="LineNr">335 </span>  chan:&amp;:channel:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *x, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L336" class="LineNr">336 </span>  *chan <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>, <span class="Constant">1/true</span>
+<span id="L337" class="LineNr">337 </span>]
+<span id="L338" class="LineNr">338 </span>
+<span id="L339" class="LineNr">339 </span><span class="Comment"># once a channel is closed from one side, no further operations are expected from that side</span>
+<span id="L340" class="LineNr">340 </span><span class="Comment"># if a channel is closed for reading,</span>
+<span id="L341" class="LineNr">341 </span><span class="Comment">#   no further writes will be let through</span>
+<span id="L342" class="LineNr">342 </span><span class="Comment"># if a channel is closed for writing,</span>
+<span id="L343" class="LineNr">343 </span><span class="Comment">#   future reads continue until the channel empties,</span>
+<span id="L344" class="LineNr">344 </span><span class="Comment">#   then the channel is also closed for reading</span>
+<span id="L345" class="LineNr">345 </span><span class="muRecipe">after</span> <span class="Constant"><a href='075channel.mu.html#L65'>&lt;channel-write-initial&gt;</a></span> [
+<span id="L346" class="LineNr">346 </span>  closed?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>
+<span id="L347" class="LineNr">347 </span>  <span class="muControl">return-if</span> closed?
+<span id="L348" class="LineNr">348 </span>]
+<span id="L349" class="LineNr">349 </span><span class="muRecipe">after</span> <span class="Constant"><a href='075channel.mu.html#L125'>&lt;channel-read-empty&gt;</a></span> [
+<span id="L350" class="LineNr">350 </span>  closed?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">closed?:offset</span>
+<span id="L351" class="LineNr">351 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L352" class="LineNr">352 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> closed?
+<span id="L353" class="LineNr">353 </span>    empty-result:&amp;:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> new <span class="Constant">_elem:type</span>
+<span id="L354" class="LineNr">354 </span>    current-routine-is-unblocked
+<span id="L355" class="LineNr">355 </span>   <span class="muControl"> return</span> *empty-result, <span class="Constant">1/true</span>
+<span id="L356" class="LineNr">356 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L357" class="LineNr">357 </span>]
+<span id="L358" class="LineNr">358 </span>
+<span id="L359" class="LineNr">359 </span><span class="SalientComment">## helpers</span>
+<span id="L360" class="LineNr">360 </span>
+<span id="L361" class="LineNr">361 </span><span class="Comment"># An empty channel has first-free and first-full both at the same value.</span>
+<span id="L362" class="LineNr">362 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> chan:&amp;:channel:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:bool [
+<span id="L363" class="LineNr">363 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L364" class="LineNr">364 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L365" class="LineNr">365 </span>  <span class="Comment"># return chan.first-full == chan.first-free</span>
+<span id="L366" class="LineNr">366 </span>  full:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L367" class="LineNr">367 </span>  free:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L368" class="LineNr">368 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal full, free
+<span id="L369" class="LineNr">369 </span>]
+<span id="L370" class="LineNr">370 </span>
+<span id="L371" class="LineNr">371 </span><span class="Comment"># A full channel has first-free just before first-full, wasting one slot.</span>
+<span id="L372" class="LineNr">372 </span><span class="Comment"># (Other alternatives: <a href="https://www.snellman.net/blog/archive/2016-12-13-ring-buffers">https://www.snellman.net/blog/archive/2016-12-13-ring-buffers</a>)</span>
+<span id="L373" class="LineNr">373 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L373'>channel-full?</a> chan:&amp;:channel:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:bool [
+<span id="L374" class="LineNr">374 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L375" class="LineNr">375 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L376" class="LineNr">376 </span>  <span class="Comment"># tmp = chan.first-free + 1</span>
+<span id="L377" class="LineNr">377 </span>  tmp:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-free:offset</span>
+<span id="L378" class="LineNr">378 </span>  tmp <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add tmp,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
+<span id="L379" class="LineNr">379 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L380" class="LineNr">380 </span>    <span class="Comment"># if tmp == chan.capacity, tmp = 0</span>
+<span id="L381" class="LineNr">381 </span>    len:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L391'>capacity</a> chan
+<span id="L382" class="LineNr">382 </span>    at-end?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal tmp, len
+<span id="L383" class="LineNr">383 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> at-end?
+<span id="L384" class="LineNr">384 </span>    tmp <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L385" class="LineNr">385 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L386" class="LineNr">386 </span>  <span class="Comment"># return chan.first-full == tmp</span>
+<span id="L387" class="LineNr">387 </span>  full:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">first-full:offset</span>
+<span id="L388" class="LineNr">388 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal full, tmp
+<span id="L389" class="LineNr">389 </span>]
+<span id="L390" class="LineNr">390 </span>
+<span id="L391" class="LineNr">391 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L391'>capacity</a> chan:&amp;:channel:_elem<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:num [
+<span id="L392" class="LineNr">392 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L393" class="LineNr">393 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L394" class="LineNr">394 </span>  q:&amp;:@:_elem <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *chan, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
+<span id="L395" class="LineNr">395 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> length *q
+<span id="L396" class="LineNr">396 </span>]
+<span id="L397" class="LineNr">397 </span>
+<span id="L398" class="LineNr">398 </span><span class="SalientComment">## helpers for channels of characters in particular</span>
+<span id="L399" class="LineNr">399 </span>
+<span id="L400" class="LineNr">400 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L400'>buffer-lines</a> in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:char, buffered-out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:char<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>buffered-out:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:char, in:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:char [
+<span id="L401" class="LineNr">401 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L402" class="LineNr">402 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L403" class="LineNr">403 </span>  <span class="Comment"># repeat forever</span>
+<span id="L404" class="LineNr">404 </span>  eof?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy <span class="Constant">0/false</span>
+<span id="L405" class="LineNr">405 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L406" class="LineNr">406 </span>    line:&amp;:<a href='061text.mu.html#L120'>buffer</a>:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='061text.mu.html#L125'>new-buffer</a><span class="Constant"> 30</span>
+<span id="L407" class="LineNr">407 </span>    <span class="Comment"># read characters from 'in' until newline, copy into line</span>
+<span id="L408" class="LineNr">408 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L409" class="LineNr">409 </span><span class="Constant">      +next-character</span>
+<span id="L410" class="LineNr">410 </span>      c:char, eof?:bool, in <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read in
+<span id="L411" class="LineNr">411 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-if</span> eof?
+<span id="L412" class="LineNr">412 </span>      <span class="Comment"># drop a character on backspace</span>
+<span id="L413" class="LineNr">413 </span>      <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L414" class="LineNr">414 </span>        <span class="Comment"># special-case: if it's a backspace</span>
+<span id="L415" class="LineNr">415 </span>        backspace?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal c,<span class="Constant"> 8</span>
+<span id="L416" class="LineNr">416 </span>        <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> backspace?
+<span id="L417" class="LineNr">417 </span>        <span class="Comment"># drop previous character</span>
+<span id="L418" class="LineNr">418 </span>        <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L419" class="LineNr">419 </span>          buffer-length:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *line, <span class="Constant">length:offset</span>
+<span id="L420" class="LineNr">420 </span>          buffer-empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal buffer-length,<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L421" class="LineNr">421 </span>          <span class="muControl">break-if</span> buffer-empty?
+<span id="L422" class="LineNr">422 </span>          buffer-length <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> subtract buffer-length,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
+<span id="L423" class="LineNr">423 </span>          *line <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> put *line, <span class="Constant">length:offset</span>, buffer-length
+<span id="L424" class="LineNr">424 </span>        <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L425" class="LineNr">425 </span>        <span class="Comment"># and don't append this one</span>
+<span id="L426" class="LineNr">426 </span>       <span class="muControl"> loop</span> <span class="Constant">+next-character</span>
+<span id="L427" class="LineNr">427 </span>      <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L428" class="LineNr">428 </span>      <span class="Comment"># append anything else</span>
+<span id="L429" class="LineNr">429 </span>      line <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> append line, c
+<span id="L430" class="LineNr">430 </span>      line-done?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> equal c, <span class="Constant">10/newline</span>
+<span id="L431" class="LineNr">431 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-if</span> line-done?
+<span id="L432" class="LineNr">432 </span>     <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L433" class="LineNr">433 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L434" class="LineNr">434 </span>    <span class="Comment"># copy line into 'buffered-out'</span>
+<span id="L435" class="LineNr">435 </span>    i:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span>
+<span id="L436" class="LineNr">436 </span>    line-contents:text <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *line, <span class="Constant">data:offset</span>
+<span id="L437" class="LineNr">437 </span>    max:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *line, <span class="Constant">length:offset</span>
+<span id="L438" class="LineNr">438 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L439" class="LineNr">439 </span>      done?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal i, max
+<span id="L440" class="LineNr">440 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done?
+<span id="L441" class="LineNr">441 </span>      c:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> index *line-contents, i
+<span id="L442" class="LineNr">442 </span>      buffered-out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> buffered-out, c
+<span id="L443" class="LineNr">443 </span>      i <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add i,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
+<span id="L444" class="LineNr">444 </span>     <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L445" class="LineNr">445 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
 <span id="L446" class="LineNr">446 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L447" class="LineNr">447 </span>      done?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> greater-or-equal i, max
-<span id="L448" class="LineNr">448 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done?
-<span id="L449" class="LineNr">449 </span>      c:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> index *line-contents, i
-<span id="L450" class="LineNr">450 </span>      buffered-out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> buffered-out, c
-<span id="L451" class="LineNr">451 </span>      i <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> add i,<span class="Constant"> 1</span>
-<span id="L452" class="LineNr">452 </span>     <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L453" class="LineNr">453 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L454" class="LineNr">454 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L455" class="LineNr">455 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> eof?
-<span id="L456" class="LineNr">456 </span>      buffered-out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> close buffered-out
-<span id="L457" class="LineNr">457 </span>     <span class="muControl"> return</span>
-<span id="L458" class="LineNr">458 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L459" class="LineNr">459 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L460" class="LineNr">460 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L461" class="LineNr">461 </span>]
-<span id="L462" class="LineNr">462 </span>
-<span id="L463" class="LineNr">463 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline [
-<span id="L464" class="LineNr">464 </span>  run [
-<span id="L465" class="LineNr">465 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L466" class="LineNr">466 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:char, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">10/capacity</span>
-<span id="L467" class="LineNr">467 </span>    _, buffered-stdin:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>:char/buffered-stdin <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L51'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">10/capacity</span>
-<span id="L468" class="LineNr">468 </span>    buffered-chan:&amp;:channel:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *buffered-stdin, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
-<span id="L469" class="LineNr">469 </span>    empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
-<span id="L470" class="LineNr">470 </span>    assert empty?, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
-<span id="L471" class="LineNr">471 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after init]</span>
-<span id="L472" class="LineNr">472 </span>    <span class="Comment"># buffer stdin into buffered-stdin, try to read from buffered-stdin</span>
-<span id="L473" class="LineNr">473 </span>    buffer-routine:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <span class="muControl">start-running</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L408'>buffer-lines</a>, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>, buffered-stdin
-<span id="L474" class="LineNr">474 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
-<span id="L475" class="LineNr">475 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
-<span id="L476" class="LineNr">476 </span>    assert empty?:bool, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
-<span id="L477" class="LineNr">477 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after <a href='075channel.mu.html#L408'>buffer-lines</a> bring-up]</span>
-<span id="L478" class="LineNr">478 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write 'a'</span>
-<span id="L479" class="LineNr">479 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>, <span class="Constant">97/a</span>
-<span id="L480" class="LineNr">480 </span>    restart buffer-routine
-<span id="L481" class="LineNr">481 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
-<span id="L482" class="LineNr">482 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
-<span id="L483" class="LineNr">483 </span>    assert empty?:bool, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
-<span id="L484" class="LineNr">484 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after writing 'a']</span>
-<span id="L485" class="LineNr">485 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write 'b'</span>
-<span id="L486" class="LineNr">486 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>, <span class="Constant">98/b</span>
-<span id="L487" class="LineNr">487 </span>    restart buffer-routine
-<span id="L488" class="LineNr">488 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
-<span id="L489" class="LineNr">489 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
-<span id="L490" class="LineNr">490 </span>    assert empty?:bool, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
-<span id="L491" class="LineNr">491 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after writing 'b']</span>
-<span id="L492" class="LineNr">492 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write newline</span>
-<span id="L493" class="LineNr">493 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L67'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L47'>sink</a>, <span class="Constant">10/newline</span>
-<span id="L494" class="LineNr">494 </span>    restart buffer-routine
-<span id="L495" class="LineNr">495 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
-<span id="L496" class="LineNr">496 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L370'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
-<span id="L497" class="LineNr">497 </span>    data-emitted?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> not empty?
-<span id="L498" class="LineNr">498 </span>    assert data-emitted?, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
-<span id="L499" class="LineNr">499 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should contain data after writing newline]</span>
-<span id="L500" class="LineNr">500 </span>    trace<span class="Constant"> 1</span>, <span class="Constant">[test]</span>, <span class="Constant">[reached end]</span>
-<span id="L501" class="LineNr">501 </span>  ]
-<span id="L502" class="LineNr">502 </span>  trace-should-contain [
-<span id="L503" class="LineNr">503 </span>    test: reached end
-<span id="L504" class="LineNr">504 </span>  ]
-<span id="L505" class="LineNr">505 </span>]
-<span id="L506" class="LineNr">506 </span>
-<span id="L507" class="LineNr">507 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L507'>drain</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:char<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:text, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>:char [
-<span id="L508" class="LineNr">508 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
-<span id="L509" class="LineNr">509 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
-<span id="L510" class="LineNr">510 </span>  buf:&amp;:<a href='061text.mu.html#L120'>buffer</a>:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='061text.mu.html#L125'>new-buffer</a><span class="Constant"> 30</span>
-<span id="L511" class="LineNr">511 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
-<span id="L512" class="LineNr">512 </span>    c:char, done?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L43'>source</a>
-<span id="L513" class="LineNr">513 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done?
-<span id="L514" class="LineNr">514 </span>    buf <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> append buf, c
-<span id="L515" class="LineNr">515 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
-<span id="L516" class="LineNr">516 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
-<span id="L517" class="LineNr">517 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='061text.mu.html#L338'>buffer-to-array</a> buf
-<span id="L518" class="LineNr">518 </span>]
+<span id="L447" class="LineNr">447 </span>      <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> eof?
+<span id="L448" class="LineNr">448 </span>      buffered-out <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> close buffered-out
+<span id="L449" class="LineNr">449 </span>     <span class="muControl"> return</span>
+<span id="L450" class="LineNr">450 </span>    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L451" class="LineNr">451 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L452" class="LineNr">452 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L453" class="LineNr">453 </span>]
+<span id="L454" class="LineNr">454 </span>
+<span id="L455" class="LineNr">455 </span><span class="muScenario">scenario</span> buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline [
+<span id="L456" class="LineNr">456 </span>  run [
+<span id="L457" class="LineNr">457 </span>    <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L458" class="LineNr">458 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:char, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">10/capacity</span>
+<span id="L459" class="LineNr">459 </span>    _, buffered-stdin:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>:char/buffered-stdin <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L44'>new-channel</a> <span class="Constant">10/capacity</span>
+<span id="L460" class="LineNr">460 </span>    buffered-chan:&amp;:channel:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> get *buffered-stdin, <span class="Constant">chan:offset</span>
+<span id="L461" class="LineNr">461 </span>    empty?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
+<span id="L462" class="LineNr">462 </span>    assert empty?, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
+<span id="L463" class="LineNr">463 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after init]</span>
+<span id="L464" class="LineNr">464 </span>    <span class="Comment"># buffer stdin into buffered-stdin, try to read from buffered-stdin</span>
+<span id="L465" class="LineNr">465 </span>    buffer-routine:num <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <span class="muControl">start-running</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L400'>buffer-lines</a>, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>, buffered-stdin
+<span id="L466" class="LineNr">466 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
+<span id="L467" class="LineNr">467 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
+<span id="L468" class="LineNr">468 </span>    assert empty?:bool, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
+<span id="L469" class="LineNr">469 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after <a href='075channel.mu.html#L400'>buffer-lines</a> bring-up]</span>
+<span id="L470" class="LineNr">470 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write 'a'</span>
+<span id="L471" class="LineNr">471 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>, <span class="Constant">97/a</span>
+<span id="L472" class="LineNr">472 </span>    restart buffer-routine
+<span id="L473" class="LineNr">473 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
+<span id="L474" class="LineNr">474 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
+<span id="L475" class="LineNr">475 </span>    assert empty?:bool, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
+<span id="L476" class="LineNr">476 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after writing 'a']</span>
+<span id="L477" class="LineNr">477 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write 'b'</span>
+<span id="L478" class="LineNr">478 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>, <span class="Constant">98/b</span>
+<span id="L479" class="LineNr">479 </span>    restart buffer-routine
+<span id="L480" class="LineNr">480 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
+<span id="L481" class="LineNr">481 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
+<span id="L482" class="LineNr">482 </span>    assert empty?:bool, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
+<span id="L483" class="LineNr">483 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should be empty after writing 'b']</span>
+<span id="L484" class="LineNr">484 </span>    <span class="Comment"># write newline</span>
+<span id="L485" class="LineNr">485 </span>    <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a> <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L60'>write</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L40'>sink</a>, <span class="Constant">10/newline</span>
+<span id="L486" class="LineNr">486 </span>    restart buffer-routine
+<span id="L487" class="LineNr">487 </span>    wait-for-routine-to-block buffer-routine
+<span id="L488" class="LineNr">488 </span>    empty? <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L362'>channel-empty?</a> buffered-chan
+<span id="L489" class="LineNr">489 </span>    data-emitted?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> not empty?
+<span id="L490" class="LineNr">490 </span>    assert data-emitted?, <span class="Constant">[ </span>
+<span id="L491" class="LineNr">491 </span><span class="Constant">F buffer-lines-blocks-until-newline: channel should contain data after writing newline]</span>
+<span id="L492" class="LineNr">492 </span>    trace<span class="Constant"> 1</span>, <span class="Constant">[test]</span>, <span class="Constant">[reached end]</span>
+<span id="L493" class="LineNr">493 </span>  ]
+<span id="L494" class="LineNr">494 </span>  trace-should-contain [
+<span id="L495" class="LineNr">495 </span>    test: reached end
+<span id="L496" class="LineNr">496 </span>  ]
+<span id="L497" class="LineNr">497 </span>]
+<span id="L498" class="LineNr">498 </span>
+<span id="L499" class="LineNr">499 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L499'>drain</a> <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:char<span class="muRecipe"> -&gt; </span>result:text, <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:&amp;:<a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>:char [
+<span id="L500" class="LineNr">500 </span>  <span class="Constant">local-scope</span>
+<span id="L501" class="LineNr">501 </span>  <span class="Constant">load-inputs</span>
+<span id="L502" class="LineNr">502 </span>  buf:&amp;:<a href='061text.mu.html#L120'>buffer</a>:char <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='061text.mu.html#L125'>new-buffer</a><span class="Constant"> 30</span>
+<span id="L503" class="LineNr">503 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
+<span id="L504" class="LineNr">504 </span>    c:char, done?:bool <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> read <a href='075channel.mu.html#L36'>source</a>
+<span id="L505" class="LineNr">505 </span>    <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done?
+<span id="L506" class="LineNr">506 </span>    buf <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> append buf, c
+<span id="L507" class="LineNr">507 </span>   <span class="muControl"> loop</span>
+<span id="L508" class="LineNr">508 </span>  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
+<span id="L509" class="LineNr">509 </span>  result <span class="Special">&lt;-</span> <a href='061text.mu.html#L338'>buffer-to-array</a> buf
+<span id="L510" class="LineNr">510 </span>]
 </pre>
 </body>
 </html>