diff options
-rw-r--r-- | Readme.md | 10 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | html/continuation1.mu.html | 87 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | html/continuation2.mu.html | 91 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | html/continuation3.mu.html | 82 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | html/continuation4.mu.html | 103 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | index.html | 5 |
6 files changed, 373 insertions, 5 deletions
diff --git a/Readme.md b/Readme.md index 77da4b87..ccbae997 100644 --- a/Readme.md +++ b/Readme.md @@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ Assembly language of the Mu VM is as powerful as C for low-level pointer operations and manual memory management, but much safer, paying some run-time checking overhead to validate pointers. It is as powerful as high-level languages (providing strong type safety, general lexical scope, generic types, -and higher-order functions) but should be easier to write a compiler for since -it gives up some expressiveness by not allowing recursive expressions. It is -also *more* expressive than conventional high-level languages in some ways: -Literate Programming turns out to be a great fit for a statement-oriented -language, and labels make great [join points](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_point). +higher-order functions and delimited continuations) but should be easier to +write a compiler for since it gives up some expressiveness by not allowing +recursive expressions. It is also *more* expressive than conventional +high-level languages in some ways: Literate Programming turns out to be a +great fit for a statement-oriented language, and labels make great [join points](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_point). Balancing these strengths, however, Mu is currently interpreted and slow. Too slow for graphics or sound, among other things. Rather than try to build a diff --git a/html/continuation1.mu.html b/html/continuation1.mu.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e07db467 --- /dev/null +++ b/html/continuation1.mu.html @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<title>Mu - continuation1.mu</title> +<meta name="Generator" content="Vim/7.4"> +<meta name="plugin-version" content="vim7.4_v2"> +<meta name="syntax" content="none"> +<meta name="settings" content="number_lines,use_css,pre_wrap,no_foldcolumn,expand_tabs,line_ids,prevent_copy="> +<meta name="colorscheme" content="minimal"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +pre { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +body { font-size: 12pt; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +a { color:#eeeeee; text-decoration: none; } +a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } +* { font-size: 12pt; font-size: 1em; } +.muRecipe { color: #ff8700; } +.Special { color: #c00000; } +.Conceal { color: #4e4e4e; } +.Delimiter { color: #800080; } +.Comment { color: #9090ff; } +.Comment a { color:#0000ee; text-decoration:underline; } +.Constant { color: #00a0a0; } +.LineNr { color: #444444; } +.muControl { color: #c0a020; } +--> +</style> + +<script type='text/javascript'> +<!-- + +/* function to open any folds containing a jumped-to line before jumping to it */ +function JumpToLine() +{ + var lineNum; + lineNum = window.location.hash; + lineNum = lineNum.substr(1); /* strip off '#' */ + + if (lineNum.indexOf('L') == -1) { + lineNum = 'L'+lineNum; + } + lineElem = document.getElementById(lineNum); + /* Always jump to new location even if the line was hidden inside a fold, or + * we corrected the raw number to a line ID. + */ + if (lineElem) { + lineElem.scrollIntoView(true); + } + return true; +} +if ('onhashchange' in window) { + window.onhashchange = JumpToLine; +} + +--> +</script> +</head> +<body onload='JumpToLine();'> +<pre id='vimCodeElement'> +<span id="L1" class="LineNr"> 1 </span><span class="Comment"># example program showing that 'return-continuation-until-mark' can 'pause' a</span> +<span id="L2" class="LineNr"> 2 </span><span class="Comment"># function call, returning a continuation, and that calling the continuation</span> +<span id="L3" class="LineNr"> 3 </span><span class="Comment"># can 'resume' the paused function call.</span> +<span id="L4" class="LineNr"> 4 </span> +<span id="L5" class="LineNr"> 5 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation1.mu.html#L5'>main</a> [ +<span id="L6" class="LineNr"> 6 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L7" class="LineNr"> 7 </span> k:continuation <span class="Special"><-</span> call-with-continuation-mark <a href='continuation1.mu.html#L16'>create-yielder</a> +<span id="L8" class="LineNr"> 8 </span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span> +<span id="L9" class="LineNr"> 9 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> x:num, done?:bool <span class="Special"><-</span> call k <span class="Comment"># should return 1</span> +<span id="L10" class="LineNr">10 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done? +<span id="L11" class="LineNr">11 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> $print x <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L12" class="LineNr">12 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">loop</span> +<span id="L13" class="LineNr">13 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span> +<span id="L14" class="LineNr">14 </span>] +<span id="L15" class="LineNr">15 </span> +<span id="L16" class="LineNr">16 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation1.mu.html#L16'>create-yielder</a><span class="muRecipe"> -> </span>n:num, done?:bool [ +<span id="L17" class="LineNr">17 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L18" class="LineNr">18 </span> <span class="Constant">load-ingredients</span> +<span id="L19" class="LineNr">19 </span> n <span class="Special"><-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span> +<span id="L20" class="LineNr">20 </span> return-continuation-until-mark +<span id="L21" class="LineNr">21 </span> done?:bool <span class="Special"><-</span> greater-or-equal n,<span class="Constant"> 3</span> +<span id="L22" class="LineNr">22 </span> n <span class="Special"><-</span> add n,<span class="Constant"> 1</span> +<span id="L23" class="LineNr">23 </span>] +</pre> +</body> +</html> +<!-- vim: set foldmethod=manual : --> diff --git a/html/continuation2.mu.html b/html/continuation2.mu.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3168a7d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/html/continuation2.mu.html @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<title>Mu - continuation2.mu</title> +<meta name="Generator" content="Vim/7.4"> +<meta name="plugin-version" content="vim7.4_v2"> +<meta name="syntax" content="none"> +<meta name="settings" content="number_lines,use_css,pre_wrap,no_foldcolumn,expand_tabs,line_ids,prevent_copy="> +<meta name="colorscheme" content="minimal"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +pre { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +body { font-size: 12pt; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +a { color:#eeeeee; text-decoration: none; } +a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } +* { font-size: 12pt; font-size: 1em; } +.muRecipe { color: #ff8700; } +.Special { color: #c00000; } +.Conceal { color: #4e4e4e; } +.Delimiter { color: #800080; } +.Comment { color: #9090ff; } +.Comment a { color:#0000ee; text-decoration:underline; } +.Constant { color: #00a0a0; } +.LineNr { color: #444444; } +.muControl { color: #c0a020; } +--> +</style> + +<script type='text/javascript'> +<!-- + +/* function to open any folds containing a jumped-to line before jumping to it */ +function JumpToLine() +{ + var lineNum; + lineNum = window.location.hash; + lineNum = lineNum.substr(1); /* strip off '#' */ + + if (lineNum.indexOf('L') == -1) { + lineNum = 'L'+lineNum; + } + lineElem = document.getElementById(lineNum); + /* Always jump to new location even if the line was hidden inside a fold, or + * we corrected the raw number to a line ID. + */ + if (lineElem) { + lineElem.scrollIntoView(true); + } + return true; +} +if ('onhashchange' in window) { + window.onhashchange = JumpToLine; +} + +--> +</script> +</head> +<body onload='JumpToLine();'> +<pre id='vimCodeElement'> +<span id="L1" class="LineNr"> 1 </span><span class="Comment"># example program showing that a 'paused' continuation can be 'resumed'</span> +<span id="L2" class="LineNr"> 2 </span><span class="Comment"># multiple times from the same point (but with changes to data)</span> +<span id="L3" class="LineNr"> 3 </span> +<span id="L4" class="LineNr"> 4 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation2.mu.html#L4'>main</a> [ +<span id="L5" class="LineNr"> 5 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L6" class="LineNr"> 6 </span> l:&:<a href='064list.mu.html#L6'>list</a>:num <span class="Special"><-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span> +<span id="L7" class="LineNr"> 7 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> push<span class="Constant"> 3</span>, l +<span id="L8" class="LineNr"> 8 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> push<span class="Constant"> 2</span>, l +<span id="L9" class="LineNr"> 9 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> push<span class="Constant"> 1</span>, l +<span id="L10" class="LineNr">10 </span> k:continuation <span class="Special"><-</span> call-with-continuation-mark <a href='continuation2.mu.html#L19'>create-yielder</a>, l +<span id="L11" class="LineNr">11 </span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span> +<span id="L12" class="LineNr">12 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> x:num, done?:bool <span class="Special"><-</span> call k +<span id="L13" class="LineNr">13 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done? +<span id="L14" class="LineNr">14 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> $print x <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L15" class="LineNr">15 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">loop</span> +<span id="L16" class="LineNr">16 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span> +<span id="L17" class="LineNr">17 </span>] +<span id="L18" class="LineNr">18 </span> +<span id="L19" class="LineNr">19 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation2.mu.html#L19'>create-yielder</a> l:&:<a href='064list.mu.html#L6'>list</a>:num<span class="muRecipe"> -> </span>n:num, done?:bool [ +<span id="L20" class="LineNr">20 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L21" class="LineNr">21 </span> <span class="Constant">load-ingredients</span> +<span id="L22" class="LineNr">22 </span> return-continuation-until-mark +<span id="L23" class="LineNr">23 </span> done? <span class="Special"><-</span> equal l,<span class="Constant"> 0</span> +<span id="L24" class="LineNr">24 </span> <span class="muControl">return-if</span> done?,<span class="Constant"> 0</span> +<span id="L25" class="LineNr">25 </span> n <span class="Special"><-</span> first l +<span id="L26" class="LineNr">26 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> <a href='064list.mu.html#L24'>rest</a> l +<span id="L27" class="LineNr">27 </span>] +</pre> +</body> +</html> +<!-- vim: set foldmethod=manual : --> diff --git a/html/continuation3.mu.html b/html/continuation3.mu.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..367b3930 --- /dev/null +++ b/html/continuation3.mu.html @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<title>Mu - continuation3.mu</title> +<meta name="Generator" content="Vim/7.4"> +<meta name="plugin-version" content="vim7.4_v2"> +<meta name="syntax" content="none"> +<meta name="settings" content="number_lines,use_css,pre_wrap,no_foldcolumn,expand_tabs,line_ids,prevent_copy="> +<meta name="colorscheme" content="minimal"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +pre { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +body { font-size: 12pt; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +a { color:#eeeeee; text-decoration: none; } +a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } +* { font-size: 12pt; font-size: 1em; } +.muRecipe { color: #ff8700; } +.Special { color: #c00000; } +.Comment { color: #9090ff; } +.Comment a { color:#0000ee; text-decoration:underline; } +.Constant { color: #00a0a0; } +.LineNr { color: #444444; } +--> +</style> + +<script type='text/javascript'> +<!-- + +/* function to open any folds containing a jumped-to line before jumping to it */ +function JumpToLine() +{ + var lineNum; + lineNum = window.location.hash; + lineNum = lineNum.substr(1); /* strip off '#' */ + + if (lineNum.indexOf('L') == -1) { + lineNum = 'L'+lineNum; + } + lineElem = document.getElementById(lineNum); + /* Always jump to new location even if the line was hidden inside a fold, or + * we corrected the raw number to a line ID. + */ + if (lineElem) { + lineElem.scrollIntoView(true); + } + return true; +} +if ('onhashchange' in window) { + window.onhashchange = JumpToLine; +} + +--> +</script> +</head> +<body onload='JumpToLine();'> +<pre id='vimCodeElement'> +<span id="L1" class="LineNr"> 1 </span><span class="Comment"># example program showing that a function call can be 'paused' multiple times,</span> +<span id="L2" class="LineNr"> 2 </span><span class="Comment"># creating different continuation values</span> +<span id="L3" class="LineNr"> 3 </span> +<span id="L4" class="LineNr"> 4 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation3.mu.html#L4'>main</a> [ +<span id="L5" class="LineNr"> 5 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L6" class="LineNr"> 6 </span> $print <span class="Constant">[caller 0]</span> <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L7" class="LineNr"> 7 </span> k:continuation <span class="Special"><-</span> call-with-continuation-mark <a href='continuation3.mu.html#L14'>f</a> +<span id="L8" class="LineNr"> 8 </span> $print <span class="Constant">[caller 1]</span> <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L9" class="LineNr"> 9 </span> k <span class="Special"><-</span> call k +<span id="L10" class="LineNr">10 </span> $print <span class="Constant">[caller 2]</span> <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L11" class="LineNr">11 </span> call k +<span id="L12" class="LineNr">12 </span>] +<span id="L13" class="LineNr">13 </span> +<span id="L14" class="LineNr">14 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation3.mu.html#L14'>f</a> [ +<span id="L15" class="LineNr">15 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L16" class="LineNr">16 </span> $print <span class="Constant">[callee 0]</span> <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L17" class="LineNr">17 </span> return-continuation-until-mark +<span id="L18" class="LineNr">18 </span> $print <span class="Constant">[callee 1]</span> <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L19" class="LineNr">19 </span> return-continuation-until-mark +<span id="L20" class="LineNr">20 </span> $print <span class="Constant">[callee 2]</span> <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L21" class="LineNr">21 </span>] +</pre> +</body> +</html> +<!-- vim: set foldmethod=manual : --> diff --git a/html/continuation4.mu.html b/html/continuation4.mu.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d827031e --- /dev/null +++ b/html/continuation4.mu.html @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<title>Mu - continuation4.mu</title> +<meta name="Generator" content="Vim/7.4"> +<meta name="plugin-version" content="vim7.4_v2"> +<meta name="syntax" content="none"> +<meta name="settings" content="number_lines,use_css,pre_wrap,no_foldcolumn,expand_tabs,line_ids,prevent_copy="> +<meta name="colorscheme" content="minimal"> +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- +pre { white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +body { font-size: 12pt; font-family: monospace; color: #aaaaaa; background-color: #080808; } +a { color:#eeeeee; text-decoration: none; } +a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } +* { font-size: 12pt; font-size: 1em; } +.muRecipe { color: #ff8700; } +.Special { color: #c00000; } +.Conceal { color: #4e4e4e; } +.Delimiter { color: #800080; } +.Comment { color: #9090ff; } +.Comment a { color:#0000ee; text-decoration:underline; } +.Constant { color: #00a0a0; } +.LineNr { color: #444444; } +.muControl { color: #c0a020; } +--> +</style> + +<script type='text/javascript'> +<!-- + +/* function to open any folds containing a jumped-to line before jumping to it */ +function JumpToLine() +{ + var lineNum; + lineNum = window.location.hash; + lineNum = lineNum.substr(1); /* strip off '#' */ + + if (lineNum.indexOf('L') == -1) { + lineNum = 'L'+lineNum; + } + lineElem = document.getElementById(lineNum); + /* Always jump to new location even if the line was hidden inside a fold, or + * we corrected the raw number to a line ID. + */ + if (lineElem) { + lineElem.scrollIntoView(true); + } + return true; +} +if ('onhashchange' in window) { + window.onhashchange = JumpToLine; +} + +--> +</script> +</head> +<body onload='JumpToLine();'> +<pre id='vimCodeElement'> +<span id="L1" class="LineNr"> 1 </span><span class="Comment"># example program showing 'return-continuation-until-mark' return other values</span> +<span id="L2" class="LineNr"> 2 </span><span class="Comment"># alongside continuations</span> +<span id="L3" class="LineNr"> 3 </span> +<span id="L4" class="LineNr"> 4 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation4.mu.html#L4'>main</a> [ +<span id="L5" class="LineNr"> 5 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L6" class="LineNr"> 6 </span> l:&:<a href='064list.mu.html#L6'>list</a>:num <span class="Special"><-</span> copy<span class="Constant"> 0</span> +<span id="L7" class="LineNr"> 7 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> push<span class="Constant"> 3</span>, l +<span id="L8" class="LineNr"> 8 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> push<span class="Constant"> 2</span>, l +<span id="L9" class="LineNr"> 9 </span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> push<span class="Constant"> 1</span>, l +<span id="L10" class="LineNr">10 </span> k:continuation, x:num, done?:bool <span class="Special"><-</span> call-with-continuation-mark <a href='continuation4.mu.html#L19'>create-yielder</a>, l +<span id="L11" class="LineNr">11 </span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span> +<span id="L12" class="LineNr">12 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">break-if</span> done? +<span id="L13" class="LineNr">13 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> $print x <span class="Constant">10/newline</span> +<span id="L14" class="LineNr">14 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> k, x:num, done?:bool <span class="Special"><-</span> call k +<span id="L15" class="LineNr">15 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">loop</span> +<span id="L16" class="LineNr">16 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span> +<span id="L17" class="LineNr">17 </span>] +<span id="L18" class="LineNr">18 </span> +<span id="L19" class="LineNr">19 </span><span class="muRecipe">def</span> <a href='continuation4.mu.html#L19'>create-yielder</a> l:&:<a href='064list.mu.html#L6'>list</a>:num<span class="muRecipe"> -> </span>n:num, done?:bool [ +<span id="L20" class="LineNr">20 </span> <span class="Constant">local-scope</span> +<span id="L21" class="LineNr">21 </span> <span class="Constant">load-ingredients</span> +<span id="L22" class="LineNr">22 </span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span> +<span id="L23" class="LineNr">23 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> done? <span class="Special"><-</span> equal l,<span class="Constant"> 0</span> +<span id="L24" class="LineNr">24 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Comment"># Our current primitives can lead to gnarly code to ensure that we always</span> +<span id="L25" class="LineNr">25 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Comment"># statically match a continuation call with a 'return-continuation-until-mark'.</span> +<span id="L26" class="LineNr">26 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Comment"># Try to design functions to either always return or always return continuation.</span> +<span id="L27" class="LineNr">27 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span> +<span id="L28" class="LineNr">28 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Comment"># should we have conditional versions of return-continuation-until-mark</span> +<span id="L29" class="LineNr">29 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Comment"># analogous to return-if and return-unless? Names get really long.</span> +<span id="L30" class="LineNr">30 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">break-unless</span> done? +<span id="L31" class="LineNr">31 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> return-continuation-until-mark<span class="Constant"> 0</span>, done? +<span id="L32" class="LineNr">32 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">return</span><span class="Constant"> 0</span>, done? <span class="Comment"># just a guard rail; should never execute</span> +<span id="L33" class="LineNr">33 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span> +<span id="L34" class="LineNr">34 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> n <span class="Special"><-</span> first l +<span id="L35" class="LineNr">35 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> l <span class="Special"><-</span> <a href='064list.mu.html#L24'>rest</a> l +<span id="L36" class="LineNr">36 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> return-continuation-until-mark n, done? +<span id="L37" class="LineNr">37 </span> <span class="Conceal">¦</span> <span class="muControl">loop</span> +<span id="L38" class="LineNr">38 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span> +<span id="L39" class="LineNr">39 </span>] +</pre> +</body> +</html> +<!-- vim: set foldmethod=manual : --> diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index 029f717c..1d6920a7 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -50,6 +50,11 @@ coexist. 2 people to play chess, with thorough tests of its behavior including both screen and keyboard handling. <li><a href='html/nqueens.mu.html'>nqueens.mu</a>: a solution to the <a href='http://rosettacode.org/wiki/N-queens_problem'>N queens problem</a>. +<li>Example programs using delimited continuations: + <a href='html/continuation1.mu.html'>1</a>, + <a href='html/continuation2.mu.html'>2</a>, + <a href='html/continuation3.mu.html'>3</a>, + <a href='html/continuation4.mu.html'>4</a>. </ul> Now a listing of every layer in Mu. Recall that you can <a href='http://akkartik.name/post/wart-layers'>stop |