1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 pre { line-height: 125%; } td.linenos .normal { color: inherit; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; } span.linenos { color: inherit; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; } td.linenos .special { color: #000000; background-color: #ffffc0; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; } span.linenos.special { color: #000000; background-color: #ffffc0; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; } .highlight .hll { background-color: #ffffcc } .highlight .c { color: #888888 } /* Comment */ .highlight .err { color: #a61717; background-color: #e3d2d2 } /* Error */ .highlight .k { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword */ .highlight .ch { color: #888888 } /* Comment.Hashbang */ .highlight .cm { color: #888888 } /* Comment.Multiline */ .highlight .cp { color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold } /* Comment.Preproc */ .highlight .cpf { color: #888888 } /* Comment.PreprocFile */ .highlight .c1 { color: #888888 } /* Comment.Single */ .highlight .cs { color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Comment.Special */ .highlight .gd { color: #000000; background-color: #ffdddd } /* Generic.Deleted */ .highlight .ge { font-style: italic } /* Generic.Emph */ .highlight .ges { font-weight: bold; font-style: italic } /* Generic.EmphStrong */ .highlight .gr { color: #aa0000 } /* Generic.Error */ .highlight .gh { color: #333333 } /* Generic.Heading */ .highlight .gi { color: #000000; background-color: #ddffdd } /* Generic.Inserted */ .highlight .go { color: #888888 } /* Generic.Output */ .highlight .gp { color: #555555 } /* Generic.Prompt */ .highlight .gs { font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Strong */ .highlight .gu { color: #666666 } /* Generic.Subheading */ .highlight .gt { color: #aa0000 } /* Generic.Traceback */ .highlight .kc { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Constant */ .highlight .kd { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Declaration */ .highlight .kn { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Namespace */ .highlight .kp { color: #008800 } /* Keyword.Pseudo */ .highlight .kr { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Reserved */ .highlight .kt { color: #888888; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Type */ .highlight .m { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number */ .highlight .s { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String */ .highlight .na { color: #336699 } /* Name.Attribute */ .highlight .nb { color: #003388 } /* Name.Builtin */ .highlight .nc { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Class */ .highlight .no { color: #003366; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Constant */ .highlight .nd { color: #555555 } /* Name.Decorator */ .highlight .ne { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Exception */ .highlight .nf { color: #0066bb; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Function */ .highlight .nl { color: #336699; font-style: italic } /* Name.Label */ .highlight .nn { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Namespace */ .highlight .py { color: #336699; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Property */ .highlight .nt { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Tag */ .highlight .nv { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable */ .highlight .ow { color: #008800 } /* Operator.Word */ .highlight .w { color: #bbbbbb } /* Text.Whitespace */ .highlight .mb { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Bin */ .highlight .mf { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Float */ .highlight .mh { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Hex */ .highlight .mi { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Integer */ .highlight .mo { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Oct */ .highlight .sa { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Affix */ .highlight .sb { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Backtick */ .highlight .sc { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Char */ .highlight .dl { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Delimiter */ .highlight .sd { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Doc */ .highlight .s2 { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Double */ .highlight .se { color: #0044dd; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Escape */ .highlight .sh { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Heredoc */ .highlight .si { color: #3333bb; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Interpol */ .highlight .sx { color: #22bb22; background-color: #f0fff0 } /* Literal.String.Other */ .highlight .sr { color: #008800; background-color: #fff0ff } /* Literal.String.Regex */ .highlight .s1 { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Single */ .highlight .ss { color: #aa6600; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Symbol */ .highlight .bp { color: #003388 } /* Name.Builtin.Pseudo */ .highlight .fm { color: #0066bb; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Function.Magic */ .highlight .vc { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable.Class */ .highlight .vg { color: #dd7700 } /* Name.Variable.Global */ .highlight .vi { color: #3333bb } /* Name.Variable.Instance */ .highlight .vm { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable.Magic */ .highlight .il { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Integer.Long */# Write out the (hex) textual representation of numbers. == code # instruction effective address register displacement immediate # . op subop mod rm32 base index scale r32 # . 1-3 bytes 3 bits 2 bits 3 bits 3 bits 3 bits 2 bits 2 bits 0/1/2/4 bytes 0/1/2/4 bytes # convert the lowest nibble of eax to ascii and return it in the lowest byte of eax to-hex-char: # in/eax: int -> out/eax: int # no error checking; accepts argument in eax # if (eax <= 9) return eax + '0' 3d/compare-eax-with 0x9/imm32/9 7f/jump-if-> $to-hex-char:else/disp8 05/add-to-eax 0x30/imm32/0 c3/return $to-hex-char:else: # otherwise return eax + 'a' - 10 05/add-to-eax 0x57/imm32/a-10 c3/return append-byte-hex: # f: (addr stream byte), n: int # . prologue 55/push-ebp 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/ebp . . . 4/r32/esp . . # copy esp to ebp # . save registers 50/push-eax # AL = convert upper nibble to hex 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 0/r32/eax 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+12) to eax c1/shift 5/subop/logic-right 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/eax . . . . . 4/imm8 # shift eax right by 4 bits, while padding zeroes 25/and-eax 0xf/imm32 # . AL = to-hex-char(AL) e8/call to-hex-char/disp32 # append-byte(f, AL) # . . push args 50/push-eax ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call append-byte/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # AL = convert lower nibble to hex 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 0/r32/eax 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+12) to eax 25/and-eax 0xf/imm32 # . AL = to-hex-char(AL) e8/call to-hex-char/disp32 # append-byte(f, AL) # . . push args 50/push-eax ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call append-byte/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp $append-byte-hex:end: # . restore registers 58/pop-to-eax # . epilogue 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . 5/r32/ebp . . # copy ebp to esp 5d/pop-to-ebp c3/return test-append-byte-hex: # - check that append-byte-hex adds the hex textual representation # setup # . clear-stream(_test-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to esp # append-byte-hex(_test-stream, 0xa) # exercises digit, non-digit as well as leading zero # . . push args 68/push 0xa/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call append-byte-hex/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # check-stream-equal(_test-stream, "0a", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-append-byte-hex"/imm32 68/push "0a"/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-stream-equal/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to esp # . end c3/return write-int32-hex: # f: (addr stream byte), n: int # . prologue 55/push-ebp 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/ebp . . . 4/r32/esp . . # copy esp to ebp $write-int32-hex:hex-prefix: # write(f, "0x") # . . push args 68/push "0x"/imm32 ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp $write-int32-hex:rest: # write-int32-hex-bits(f, n, 32) # . . push args 68/push 0x20/imm32 ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(ebp+12) ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call write-int32-hex-bits/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to esp $write-int32-hex:end: # . epilogue 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . 5/r32/ebp . . # copy ebp to esp 5d/pop-to-ebp c3/return # print rightmost 'bits' of 'n' # bits must be multiple of 4 write-int32-hex-bits: # f: (addr stream byte), n: int, bits: int # pseudocode: # bits -= 4 # while true # if (bits < 0) break # eax = n >> bits # eax = eax & 0xf # append-byte(f, AL) # bits -= 4 # # . prologue 55/push-ebp 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/ebp . . . 4/r32/esp . . # copy esp to ebp # . save registers 50/push-eax 51/push-ecx # ecx = bits-4 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 1/r32/ecx 0x10/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+16) to ecx 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ecx . . . . . 4/imm32 # subtract from ecx $write-int32-hex-bits:loop: # if (bits < 0) break 81 7/subop/compare 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ecx . . . . . 0/imm32 # compare ecx 7c/jump-if-< $write-int32-hex-bits:end/disp8 # eax = n >> bits 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 0/r32/eax 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+12) to eax d3/>>ecx 5/subop/pad-zeroes 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/eax . . . . . . # shift eax right by ecx bits, padding zeroes # eax = to-hex-char(AL) 25/and-eax 0xf/imm32 e8/call to-hex-char/disp32 # append-byte(f, AL) # . . push args 50/push-eax ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call append-byte/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # bits -= 4 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ecx . . . . . 4/imm32 # subtract from ecx eb/jump $write-int32-hex-bits:loop/disp8 $write-int32-hex-bits:end: # . restore registers 59/pop-to-ecx 58/pop-to-eax # . epilogue 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . 5/r32/ebp . . # copy ebp to esp 5d/pop-to-ebp c3/return test-write-int32-hex: # - check that write-int32-hex prints the hex textual representation # setup # . clear-stream(_test-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to esp # write-int32-hex(_test-stream, 0x8899aa) # . . push args 68/push 0x8899aa/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write-int32-hex/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # check-stream-equal(_test-stream, "0x008899aa", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-write-int32-hex"/imm32 68/push "0x008899aa"/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-stream-equal/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to esp # . end c3/return # . . vim:nowrap:textwidth=0
# Write out the (hex) textual representation of numbers. == code # instruction effective address register displacement immediate # . op subop mod rm32 base index scale r32 # . 1-3 bytes 3 bits 2 bits 3 bits 3 bits 3 bits 2 bits 2 bits 0/1/2/4 bytes 0/1/2/4 bytes # convert the lowest nibble of eax to ascii and return it in the lowest byte of eax to-hex-char: # in/eax: int -> out/eax: int # no error checking; accepts argument in eax # if (eax <= 9) return eax + '0' 3d/compare-eax-with 0x9/imm32/9 7f/jump-if-> $to-hex-char:else/disp8 05/add-to-eax 0x30/imm32/0 c3/return $to-hex-char:else: # otherwise return eax + 'a' - 10 05/add-to-eax 0x57/imm32/a-10 c3/return append-byte-hex: # f: (addr stream byte), n: int # . prologue 55/push-ebp 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/ebp . . . 4/r32/esp . . # copy esp to ebp # . save registers 50/push-eax # AL = convert upper nibble to hex 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 0/r32/eax 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+12) to eax c1/shift 5/subop/logic-right 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/eax . . . . . 4/imm8 # shift eax right by 4 bits, while padding zeroes 25/and-eax 0xf/imm32 # . AL = to-hex-char(AL) e8/call to-hex-char/disp32 # append-byte(f, AL) # . . push args 50/push-eax ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call append-byte/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # AL = convert lower nibble to hex 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 0/r32/eax 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+12) to eax 25/and-eax 0xf/imm32 # . AL = to-hex-char(AL) e8/call to-hex-char/disp32 # append-byte(f, AL) # . . push args 50/push-eax ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call append-byte/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp $append-byte-hex:end: # . restore registers 58/pop-to-eax # . epilogue 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . 5/r32/ebp . . # copy ebp to esp 5d/pop-to-ebp c3/return test-append-byte-hex: # - check that append-byte-hex adds the hex textual representation # setup # . clear-stream(_test-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to esp # append-byte-hex(_test-stream, 0xa) # exercises digit, non-digit as well as leading zero # . . push args 68/push 0xa/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call append-byte-hex/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # check-stream-equal(_test-stream, "0a", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-append-byte-hex"/imm32 68/push "0a"/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-stream-equal/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to esp # . end c3/return write-int32-hex: # f: (addr stream byte), n: int # . prologue 55/push-ebp 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/ebp . . . 4/r32/esp . . # copy esp to ebp $write-int32-hex:hex-prefix: # write(f, "0x") # . . push args 68/push "0x"/imm32 ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp $write-int32-hex:rest: # write-int32-hex-bits(f, n, 32) # . . push args 68/push 0x20/imm32 ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(ebp+12) ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call write-int32-hex-bits/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to esp $write-int32-hex:end: # . epilogue 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . 5/r32/ebp . . # copy ebp to esp 5d/pop-to-ebp c3/return # print rightmost 'bits' of 'n' # bits must be multiple of 4 write-int32-hex-bits: # f: (addr stream byte), n: int, bits: int # pseudocode: # bits -= 4 # while true # if (bits < 0) break # eax = n >> bits # eax = eax & 0xf # append-byte(f, AL) # bits -= 4 # # . prologue 55/push-ebp 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/ebp . . . 4/r32/esp . . # copy esp to ebp # . save registers 50/push-eax 51/push-ecx # ecx = bits-4 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 1/r32/ecx 0x10/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+16) to ecx 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ecx . . . . . 4/imm32 # subtract from ecx $write-int32-hex-bits:loop: # if (bits < 0) break 81 7/subop/compare 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ecx . . . . . 0/imm32 # compare ecx 7c/jump-if-< $write-int32-hex-bits:end/disp8 # eax = n >> bits 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . 0/r32/eax 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(ebp+12) to eax d3/>>ecx 5/subop/pad-zeroes 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/eax . . . . . . # shift eax right by ecx bits, padding zeroes # eax = to-hex-char(AL) 25/and-eax 0xf/imm32 e8/call to-hex-char/disp32 # append-byte(f, AL) # . . push args 50/push-eax ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/ebp . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(ebp+8) # . . call e8/call append-byte/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # bits -= 4 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ecx . . . . . 4/imm32 # subtract from ecx eb/jump $write-int32-hex-bits:loop/disp8 $write-int32-hex-bits:end: # . restore registers 59/pop-to-ecx 58/pop-to-eax # . epilogue 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . 5/r32/ebp . . # copy ebp to esp 5d/pop-to-ebp c3/return test-write-int32-hex: # - check that write-int32-hex prints the hex textual representation # setup # . clear-stream(_test-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to esp # write-int32-hex(_test-stream, 0x8899aa) # . . push args 68/push 0x8899aa/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write-int32-hex/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to esp # check-stream-equal(_test-stream, "0x008899aa", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-write-int32-hex"/imm32 68/push "0x008899aa"/imm32 68/push _test-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-stream-equal/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/esp . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to esp # . end c3/return # . . vim:nowrap:textwidth=0