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Some apps written in SubX and Mu, in 3 categories:

* `ex*`: small stand-alone examples that don't need any of the shared code at
  the top-level. They each have a simple pedagogical goal. Try these first.

* Code unique to phases of our build toolchain:
  * Core SubX: `hex`, `survey`, `pack`, `dquotes`, `assort`, `tests`
  * Syntax sugar for SubX: `sigils`, `calls`, `braces`
  * More ambitious translator for a memory-safe language (in progress): `mu`

* Miscellaneous test programs.
{ color: #008800; background-color: #fff0ff } /* Literal.String.Regex */ .highlight .s1 { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Single */ .highlight .ss { color: #aa6600; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Symbol */ .highlight .bp { color: #003388 } /* Name.Builtin.Pseudo */ .highlight .fm { color: #0066bb; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Function.Magic */ .highlight .vc { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable.Class */ .highlight .vg { color: #dd7700 } /* Name.Variable.Global */ .highlight .vi { color: #3333bb } /* Name.Variable.Instance */ .highlight .vm { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable.Magic */ .highlight .il { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Integer.Long */
struct bytebuffer {
  char *buf;
  int len;
  int cap;
};

static void bytebuffer_reserve(struct bytebuffer *b, int cap) {
  if (b->cap >= cap) {
    return;
  }

  // prefer doubling capacity
  if (b->cap * 2 >= cap) {
    cap = b->cap * 2;
  }

  char *newbuf = malloc(cap);
  if (b->len > 0) {
    // copy what was there, b->len > 0 assumes b->buf != null
    memcpy(newbuf, b->buf, b->len);
  }
  if (b->buf) {
    // in case there was an allocated buffer, free it
    free(b->buf);
  }
  b->buf = newbuf;
  b->cap = cap;
}

static void bytebuffer_init(struct bytebuffer *b, int cap) {
  b->cap = 0;
  b->len = 0;
  b->buf = 0;

  if (cap > 0) {
    b->cap = cap;
    b->buf = malloc(cap); // just assume malloc works always
  }
}

static void bytebuffer_free(struct bytebuffer *b) {
  if (b->buf)
    free(b->buf);
}

static void bytebuffer_clear(struct bytebuffer *b) {
  b->len = 0;
}

static void bytebuffer_append(struct bytebuffer *b, const char *data, int len) {
  bytebuffer_reserve(b, b->len + len);
  memcpy(b->buf + b->len, data, len);
  b->len += len;
}

static void bytebuffer_puts(struct bytebuffer *b, const char *str) {
  bytebuffer_append(b, str, strlen(str));
}

static void bytebuffer_resize(struct bytebuffer *b, int len) {
  bytebuffer_reserve(b, len);
  b->len = len;
}

static void bytebuffer_flush(struct bytebuffer *b, int fd) {
  int yyy = write(fd, b->buf, b->len);
  (void) yyy;
  bytebuffer_clear(b);
}

static void bytebuffer_truncate(struct bytebuffer *b, int n) {
  if (n <= 0)
    return;
  if (n > b->len)
    n = b->len;
  const int nmove = b->len - n;
  memmove(b->buf, b->buf+n, nmove);
  b->len -= n;
}