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//: Structured programming
//:
//: Our jump recipes are quite inconvenient to use, so mu provides a
//: lightweight tool called 'transform_braces' to work in a slightly more
//: convenient format with nested braces:
//:
//: {
//: some instructions
//: {
//: more instructions
//: }
//: }
//:
//: Braces are just labels, they require no special parsing. The pseudo
//: recipes 'loop' and 'break' jump to just after the enclosing '{' and '}'
//: respectively.
//:
//: Conditional and unconditional 'loop' and 'break' should give us 80% of the
//: benefits of the control-flow primitives we're used to in other languages,
//: like 'if', 'while', 'for', etc.
:(scenarios transform)
:(scenario brace_conversion)
recipe main [
{
break
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: jump 1:offset
+after-brace: copy ...
//: one-time setup
:(after "int main")
Transform.push_back(transform_braces);
:(code)
void transform_braces(const recipe_number r) {
//? cout << "AAA transform_braces\n"; //? 1
//? exit(0); //? 1
const int OPEN = 0, CLOSE = 1;
list<pair<int/*OPEN/CLOSE*/, size_t/*step index*/> > braces;
for (size_t index = 0; index < Recipe[r].steps.size(); ++index) {
const instruction& inst = Recipe[r].steps[index];
if (inst.label == "{") {
trace("brace") << r << ": push (open, " << index << ")";
braces.push_back(pair<int,size_t>(OPEN, index));
}
if (inst.label == "}") {
trace("brace") << "push (close, " << index << ")";
braces.push_back(pair<int,size_t>(CLOSE, index));
}
}
stack<size_t/*step index*/> open_braces;
trace("after-brace") << "recipe " << Recipe[r].name;
for (size_t index = 0; index < Recipe[r].steps.size(); ++index) {
instruction& inst = Recipe[r].steps[index];
//? cout << "AAA " << inst.name << ": " << inst.operation << '\n'; //? 1
if (inst.label == "{") open_braces.push(index);
else if (inst.label == "}") open_braces.pop();
else if (inst.is_label)
; // do nothing
else if (inst.operation == Recipe_number["loop"]) {
inst.operation = Recipe_number["jump"];
if (inst.ingredients.size() > 0 && isa_literal(inst.ingredients[0])) {
// explicit target; a later phase will handle it
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << inst.ingredients[0].name << ":offset";
}
else {
reagent ing;
ing.set_value(open_braces.top()-index);
inst.ingredients.push_back(ing);
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << ing.value << ":offset";
trace("after-brace") << index << ": " << ing.to_string();
trace("after-brace") << index << ": " << Recipe[r].steps[index].ingredients[0].to_string();
}
}
else if (inst.operation == Recipe_number["break"]) {
inst.operation = Recipe_number["jump"];
if (inst.ingredients.size() > 0 && isa_literal(inst.ingredients[0])) {
// explicit target; a later phase will handle it
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << inst.ingredients[0].name << ":offset";
}
else {
reagent ing;
ing.set_value(matching_brace(open_braces.top(), braces) - index - 1);
inst.ingredients.push_back(ing);
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << ing.value << ":offset";
}
}
else if (inst.operation == Recipe_number["loop-if"]) {
inst.operation = Recipe_number["jump-if"];
if (inst.ingredients.size() > 1 && isa_literal(inst.ingredients[1])) {
// explicit target; a later phase will handle it
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << inst.ingredients[1].name << ":offset";
}
else {
reagent ing;
ing.set_value(open_braces.top()-index);
inst.ingredients.push_back(ing);
trace("after-brace") << "jump-if " << inst.ingredients[0].name << ", " << ing.value << ":offset";
}
}
else if (inst.operation == Recipe_number["break-if"]) {
inst.operation = Recipe_number["jump-if"];
if (inst.ingredients.size() > 1 && isa_literal(inst.ingredients[1])) {
// explicit target; a later phase will handle it
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << inst.ingredients[1].name << ":offset";
}
else {
reagent ing;
ing.set_value(matching_brace(open_braces.top(), braces) - index - 1);
inst.ingredients.push_back(ing);
trace("after-brace") << "jump-if " << inst.ingredients[0].name << ", " << ing.value << ":offset";
}
}
else if (inst.operation == Recipe_number["loop-unless"]) {
inst.operation = Recipe_number["jump-unless"];
if (inst.ingredients.size() > 1 && isa_literal(inst.ingredients[1])) {
// explicit target; a later phase will handle it
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << inst.ingredients[1].name << ":offset";
}
else {
reagent ing;
ing.set_value(open_braces.top()-index);
inst.ingredients.push_back(ing);
trace("after-brace") << "jump-unless " << inst.ingredients[0].name << ", " << ing.value << ":offset";
}
}
else if (inst.operation == Recipe_number["break-unless"]) {
//? cout << "AAA break-unless\n"; //? 1
inst.operation = Recipe_number["jump-unless"];
if (inst.ingredients.size() > 1 && isa_literal(inst.ingredients[1])) {
// explicit target; a later phase will handle it
trace("after-brace") << "jump " << inst.ingredients[1].name << ":offset";
}
else {
reagent ing;
ing.set_value(matching_brace(open_braces.top(), braces) - index - 1);
inst.ingredients.push_back(ing);
trace("after-brace") << "jump-unless " << inst.ingredients[0].name << ", " << ing.value << ":offset";
}
}
else {
trace("after-brace") << inst.name << " ...";
}
}
}
size_t matching_brace(size_t index, const list<pair<int, size_t> >& braces) {
int stacksize = 0;
for (list<pair<int, size_t> >::const_iterator p = braces.begin(); p != braces.end(); ++p) {
if (p->second < index) continue;
stacksize += (p->first ? 1 : -1);
if (stacksize == 0) return p->second;
}
assert(false);
return -1;
}
// temporarily suppress run
void transform(string form) {
load(form);
transform_all();
}
//: Make sure these pseudo recipes get consistent numbers in all tests, even
//: though they aren't implemented.
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Declarations")
BREAK,
BREAK_IF,
BREAK_UNLESS,
LOOP,
LOOP_IF,
LOOP_UNLESS,
:(before "End Primitive Recipe Numbers")
Recipe_number["break"] = BREAK;
Recipe_number["break-if"] = BREAK_IF;
Recipe_number["break-unless"] = BREAK_UNLESS;
Recipe_number["loop"] = LOOP;
Recipe_number["loop-if"] = LOOP_IF;
Recipe_number["loop-unless"] = LOOP_UNLESS;
:(scenario loop)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
loop
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump -2:offset
:(scenario break_empty_block)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
break
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump 0:offset
:(scenario break_cascading)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
break
}
{
break
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump 0:offset
+after-brace: jump 0:offset
:(scenario break_cascading2)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
break
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
{
break
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump 1:offset
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump 0:offset
:(scenario break_if)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
break-if 2:integer
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
{
break
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump-if 2, 1:offset
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump 0:offset
:(scenario break_nested)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
break
{
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
4:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
]
+after-brace: jump 4:offset
:(scenario break_nested_degenerate)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
break
{
}
4:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
]
+after-brace: jump 3:offset
:(scenario break_nested_degenerate2)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
break
{
}
}
]
+after-brace: jump 2:offset
:(scenario break_label)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
break +foo:offset
}
]
+after-brace: jump +foo:offset
:(scenario break_unless)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
break-unless 2:integer
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump-unless 2, 1:offset
+after-brace: copy ...
:(scenario loop_unless)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
loop-unless 2:integer
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: jump-unless 2, -1:offset
+after-brace: copy ...
:(scenario loop_nested)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
{
3:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
loop-if 4:boolean
5:integer <- copy 0:literal
}
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: jump-if 4, -5:offset
:(scenario loop_label)
recipe main [
1:integer <- copy 0:literal
+foo
2:integer <- copy 0:literal
]
+after-brace: recipe main
+after-brace: copy ...
+after-brace: copy ...
//: test how things actually run
:(scenarios run)
:(scenario brace_conversion_and_run)
recipe test-factorial [
1:integer <- copy 5:literal
2:integer <- copy 1:literal
{
3:boolean <- equal 1:integer 1:literal
break-if 3:boolean
# $print 1:integer
2:integer <- multiply 2:integer, 1:integer
1:integer <- subtract 1:integer, 1:literal
loop
}
4:integer <- copy 2:integer # trigger a read
]
+mem: location 2 is 120
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