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<span class="Comment">//: Exclusive containers contain exactly one of a fixed number of 'variants'</span>
<span class="Comment">//: of different types.</span>
<span class="Comment">//:</span>
<span class="Comment">//: They also implicitly contain a tag describing precisely which variant is</span>
<span class="Comment">//: currently stored in them.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Mu Types Initialization")</span>
<span class="Comment">//: We'll use this container as a running example, with two number elements.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">{</span>
type_ordinal tmp = put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"number-or-point"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> Next_type_ordinal++<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
get_or_insert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tmp<span class="Delimiter">);</span> <span class="Comment">// initialize</span>
get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tmp<span class="Delimiter">).</span>kind = EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tmp<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name = <span class="Constant">"number-or-point"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tmp<span class="Delimiter">).</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">.</span>push_back<span class="Delimiter">(</span>reagent<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">"i:number"</span><span class="Delimiter">));</span>
get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tmp<span class="Delimiter">).</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">.</span>push_back<span class="Delimiter">(</span>reagent<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">"p:point"</span><span class="Delimiter">));</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Comment">//: Tests in this layer often explicitly set up memory before reading it as an</span>
<span class="Comment">//: array. Don't do this in general. I'm tagging exceptions with /raw to keep</span>
<span class="Comment">//: checks in future layers from flagging them.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario copy_exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="Comment"># Copying exclusive containers copies all their contents and an extra location for the tag.</span>
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span> <span class="Comment"># 'point' variant</span>
<span class="Constant">2</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
<span class="Constant">3</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
<span class="Constant">4</span>:number-<span class="Normal">or</span>-point<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>:number-<span class="Normal">or</span>-point/unsafe
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 1 in location 4</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 5</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 35 in location 6</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End size_of(type) Cases")</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>t<span class="Delimiter">.</span>kind == EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Comment">// Compute size_of Exclusive Container</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span> get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Container_metadata<span class="Delimiter">,</span> type<span class="Delimiter">).</span>size<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End compute_container_sizes Atom Cases")</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>kind == EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
compute_exclusive_container_sizes<span class="Delimiter">(</span>info<span class="Delimiter">,</span> type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> pending_metadata<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span class="Normal">void</span> compute_exclusive_container_sizes<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">const</span> type_info& exclusive_container_info<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Normal">const</span> type_tree* full_type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> set<type_tree>& pending_metadata<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Comment">// size of an exclusive container is the size of its largest variant</span>
<span class="Comment">// (So, like containers, it can only contain arrays if they're static and</span>
<span class="Comment">// include their length in the type.)</span>
container_metadata metadata<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i < SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>exclusive_container_info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> element = exclusive_container_info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Compute Exclusive Container Size(element, full_type)</span>
compute_container_sizes<span class="Delimiter">(</span>element<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> pending_metadata<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> variant_size = size_of<span class="Delimiter">(</span>element<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>variant_size > metadata<span class="Delimiter">.</span>size<span class="Delimiter">)</span> metadata<span class="Delimiter">.</span>size = variant_size<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Comment">// ...+1 for its tag.</span>
++metadata<span class="Delimiter">.</span>size<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
Container_metadata<span class="Delimiter">.</span>push_back<span class="Delimiter">(</span>pair<type_tree*<span class="Delimiter">,</span> container_metadata><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">new</span> type_tree<span class="Delimiter">(</span>*full_type<span class="Delimiter">),</span> metadata<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="SalientComment">//:: To access variants of an exclusive container, use 'maybe-convert'.</span>
<span class="Comment">//: It always returns an address (so that you can modify it) or null (to</span>
<span class="Comment">//: signal that the conversion failed (because the container contains a</span>
<span class="Comment">//: different variant).</span>
<span class="Comment">//: 'maybe-convert' requires a literal in ingredient 1. We'll use a synonym</span>
<span class="Comment">//: called 'variant'.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Mu Types Initialization")</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"variant"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario maybe_convert)</span>
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">12</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>
<span class="Constant">13</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
<span class="Constant">14</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">36</span>
<span class="Constant">20</span>:point<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">22</span>:<span class="Normal">bool</span><span class="Special"> <- </span>maybe-convert <span class="Constant">12</span>:number-<span class="Normal">or</span>-point/unsafe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1:variant</span>
]
<span class="Comment"># boolean</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 1 in location 22</span>
<span class="Comment"># point</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 35 in location 20</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 36 in location 21</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario maybe_convert_fail)</span>
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">12</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>
<span class="Constant">13</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
<span class="Constant">14</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">36</span>
<span class="Constant">20</span>:num<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">21</span>:<span class="Normal">bool</span><span class="Special"> <- </span>maybe-convert <span class="Constant">12</span>:number-<span class="Normal">or</span>-point/unsafe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">0:variant</span>
]
<span class="Comment"># boolean</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 0 in location 21</span>
<span class="Comment"># number: no write</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Primitive Recipe Declarations")</span>
MAYBE_CONVERT<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Primitive Recipe Numbers")</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"maybe-convert"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> MAYBE_CONVERT<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Primitive Recipe Checks")</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> MAYBE_CONVERT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> recipe& caller = get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"'maybe-convert' expects exactly 2 ingredients in '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> base = inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT base in Check</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"first ingredient of 'maybe-convert' should be an exclusive-container, but got '"</span> << base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> type_tree* base_type = base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT base_type in Check</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!base_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>atom || base_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value == <span class="Constant">0</span> || !contains_key<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">)</span> || get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">).</span>kind != EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"first ingredient of 'maybe-convert' should be an exclusive-container, but got '"</span> << base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_literal<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"second ingredient of 'maybe-convert' should have type 'variant', but got '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>empty<span class="Delimiter">())</span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"'maybe-convert' expects exactly 2 products in '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> product = inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT product in Check</span>
reagent& offset = inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
populate_value<span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value >= SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">).</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"invalid tag "</span> << offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value << <span class="Constant">" in '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> reagent& variant = variant_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>base<span class="Delimiter">,</span> offset<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!types_coercible<span class="Delimiter">(</span>product<span class="Delimiter">,</span> variant<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"'maybe-convert "</span> << base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">", "</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"' should write to "</span> << to_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>variant<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" but '"</span> << product<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name << <span class="Constant">"' has type "</span> << to_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>product<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> status = inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT status in Check</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_mu_boolean<span class="Delimiter">(</span>status<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"second product yielded by 'maybe-convert' should be a boolean, but tried to write to '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Primitive Recipe Implementations")</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> MAYBE_CONVERT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> base = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT base in Run</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> base_address = base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>base_address == <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_recipe_name<span class="Delimiter">())</span> << <span class="Constant">"tried to access location 0 in '"</span> << to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">())</span> << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">int</span> tag = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>value<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> product = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT product in Run</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> status = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update MAYBE_CONVERT status in Run</span>
<span class="Comment">// optimization: directly write results to only update first product when necessary</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>tag == <span class="Normal">static_cast</span><<span class="Normal">int</span>><span class="Delimiter">(</span>get_or_insert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_address<span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> reagent& variant = variant_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>base<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tag<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"mem"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 1 in location "</span> << status<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> status<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_dummy<span class="Delimiter">(</span>product<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Comment">// Write Memory in Successful MAYBE_CONVERT in Run</span>
<span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i < size_of<span class="Delimiter">(</span>variant<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Normal">double</span> val = get_or_insert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> base_address+<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">skip tag</span><span class="Comment">*/</span><span class="Constant">1</span>+i<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"mem"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing "</span> << no_scientific<span class="Delimiter">(</span>val<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" in location "</span> << product<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value+i << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> product<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value+i<span class="Delimiter">,</span> val<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">else</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"mem"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0 in location "</span> << status<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Memory<span class="Delimiter">,</span> status<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Identifier">goto</span> finish_instruction<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> reagent variant_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">const</span> reagent& base<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Normal">int</span> tag<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span> variant_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>base<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> tag<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> reagent variant_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">const</span> type_tree* type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Normal">int</span> tag<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>tag >= <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> type_tree* root_type = type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>atom ? type : type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>left<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>contains_key<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> root_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>!get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> root_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">.</span>empty<span class="Delimiter">());</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> type_info& info = get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> root_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>kind == EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> element = info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>tag<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// End variant_type Special-cases</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span> element<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario maybe_convert_product_type_mismatch)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">12</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>
<span class="Constant">13</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
<span class="Constant">14</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">36</span>
<span class="Constant">20</span>:num<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">21</span>:<span class="Normal">bool</span><span class="Special"> <- </span>maybe-convert <span class="Constant">12</span>:number-<span class="Normal">or</span>-point/unsafe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1:variant</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: 'maybe-convert 12:number-or-point/unsafe, 1:variant' should write to point but '20' has type number</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario maybe_convert_dummy_product)</span>
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">12</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">1</span>
<span class="Constant">13</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
<span class="Constant">14</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">36</span>
_<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">21</span>:<span class="Normal">bool</span><span class="Special"> <- </span>maybe-convert <span class="Constant">12</span>:number-<span class="Normal">or</span>-point/unsafe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1:variant</span>
]
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="SalientComment">//:: Allow exclusive containers to be defined in mu code.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="traceContains">+parse: --- defining exclusive-container foo</span>
<span class="traceContains">+parse: element: {x: "number"}</span>
<span class="traceContains">+parse: element: {y: "number"}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Command Handlers")</span>
<span class="Normal">else</span> <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>command == <span class="Constant">"exclusive-container"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
insert_container<span class="Delimiter">(</span>command<span class="Delimiter">,</span> EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">,</span> in<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Comment">//: arrays are disallowed inside exclusive containers unless their length is</span>
<span class="Comment">//: fixed in advance</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario exclusive_container_contains_array)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:array:num:<span class="Constant">3</span>
]
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario exclusive_container_disallows_dynamic_array_element)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:array:num
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: container 'foo' cannot determine size of element 'x'</span>
<span class="SalientComment">//:: To construct exclusive containers out of variant types, use 'merge'.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario lift_to_exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
<span class="Constant">2</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">0</span>/x<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:num <span class="Comment"># tag must be a literal when merging exclusive containers</span>
<span class="Constant">4</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:num
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 0 in location 2</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 3</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 1 in location 4</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 5</span>
<span class="Comment">//: type-checking for 'merge' on exclusive containers</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_handles_exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">z</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">0</span>/x<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">34</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 0 in location 1</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 2</span>
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_requires_literal_tag_for_exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">z</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Constant">2</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">34</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: ingredient 0 of 'merge' should be a literal, for the tag of exclusive-container 'foo' in '2:foo <- merge 1:num, 34'</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_handles_exclusive_container_inside_exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">a</span>:num
<span class="Normal">b</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Constant">2</span>:bar<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">0</span>/a<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">34</span>
<span class="Constant">4</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">2</span>:bar
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 0 in location 5</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 6</span>
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End check_merge_call Cases")</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>state<span class="Delimiter">.</span>data<span class="Delimiter">.</span>top<span class="Delimiter">().</span>container_element_index == <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"transform"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"checking exclusive container "</span> << to_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>container<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" vs ingredient "</span> << ingredient_index << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Comment">// easy case: exact match</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>types_strictly_match<span class="Delimiter">(</span>container<span class="Delimiter">,</span> inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredient_index<span class="Delimiter">)))</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_literal<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredient_index<span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"ingredient "</span> << ingredient_index << <span class="Constant">" of 'merge' should be a literal, for the tag of exclusive-container '"</span> << container_info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name << <span class="Constant">"' in '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> ingredient = ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredient_index<span class="Delimiter">);</span> <span class="Comment">// unnecessary copy just to keep this function from modifying caller</span>
populate_value<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredient<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredient<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value >= SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>container_info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>elements<span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
raise << maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>caller<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"invalid tag at "</span> << ingredient_index << <span class="Constant">" for '"</span> << container_info<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name << <span class="Constant">"' in '"</span> << inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>original_string << <span class="Constant">"'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> reagent& variant = variant_type<span class="Delimiter">(</span>container<span class="Delimiter">,</span> ingredient<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9999</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"transform"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"tag: "</span> << ingredient<span class="Delimiter">.</span>value << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Comment">// replace union with its variant</span>
state<span class="Delimiter">.</span>data<span class="Delimiter">.</span>pop<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
state<span class="Delimiter">.</span>data<span class="Delimiter">.</span>push<span class="Delimiter">(</span>merge_check_point<span class="Delimiter">(</span>variant<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">));</span>
++ingredient_index<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_check_container_containing_exclusive_container)</span>
<span class="muData">container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">23</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">34</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 23 in location 1</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 1 in location 2</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 3</span>
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_check_container_containing_exclusive_container_2)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
<span class="muData">container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">23</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">34</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">35</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: too many ingredients in '1:foo <- merge 23, 1/y, 34, 35'</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_check_exclusive_container_containing_container)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">23</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">34</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 1 in location 1</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 23 in location 2</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 3</span>
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_check_exclusive_container_containing_container_2)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">0</span>/x<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">23</span>
]
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_check_exclusive_container_containing_container_3)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">23</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: main: too few ingredients in '1:foo <- merge 1/y, 23'</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_check_exclusive_container_containing_container_4)</span>
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:bar
]
<span class="muData">container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">a</span>:num
<span class="Normal">b</span>:num
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:bar<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">23</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">24</span>
<span class="Constant">3</span>:foo<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>/y<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:bar
]
$error: <span class="Constant">0</span>
<span class="Comment">//: Since the different variants of an exclusive-container might have</span>
<span class="Comment">//: different sizes, relax the size mismatch check for 'merge' instructions.</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before "End size_mismatch(x) Cases")</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_step_index<span class="Delimiter">()</span> < SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Current_routine<span class="Delimiter">-></span>steps<span class="Delimiter">())</span>
&& current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>operation == MERGE
&& !current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>empty<span class="Delimiter">()</span>
&& current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>type<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
reagent<span class="Comment">/*</span><span class="Comment">copy</span><span class="Comment">*/</span> x = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Comment">// Update size_mismatch Check for MERGE(x)</span>
<span class="Normal">const</span> type_tree* root_type = x<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>atom ? x<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type : x<span class="Delimiter">.</span>type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>left<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
assert<span class="Delimiter">(</span>root_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>atom<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Type<span class="Delimiter">,</span> root_type<span class="Delimiter">-></span>value<span class="Delimiter">).</span>kind == EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER<span class="Delimiter">)</span>
<span class="Identifier">return</span> size_of<span class="Delimiter">(</span>x<span class="Delimiter">)</span> < SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>data<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario merge_exclusive_container_with_mismatched_sizes)</span>
<span class="muData">container</span> foo [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:num
]
<span class="muData">exclusive-container</span> bar [
<span class="Normal">x</span>:num
<span class="Normal">y</span>:foo
]
<span class="muRecipe">def</span> main [
<span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
<span class="Constant">2</span>:num<span class="Special"> <- </span>copy <span class="Constant">35</span>
<span class="Constant">3</span>:bar<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">0</span>/x<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:num
<span class="Constant">6</span>:bar<span class="Special"> <- </span>merge <span class="Constant">1</span>/foo<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:num<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">2</span>:num
]
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 0 in location 3</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 4</span>
<span class="Comment"># bar is always 3 large so location 5 is skipped</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 1 in location 6</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 34 in location 7</span>
<span class="traceContains">+mem: storing 35 in location 8</span>
</pre>
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