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<a href='https://github.com/akkartik/mu/blob/master/subx/013direct_addressing.cc'>https://github.com/akkartik/mu/blob/master/subx/013direct_addressing.cc</a>
<pre id='vimCodeElement'>
<span id="L1" class="LineNr"> 1 </span><span class="Comment">//: operating directly on a register</span>
<span id="L2" class="LineNr"> 2 </span>
<span id="L3" class="LineNr"> 3 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L4" class="LineNr"> 4 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"01"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"add r32 to rm32 (add)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L5" class="LineNr"> 5 </span>
<span id="L6" class="LineNr"> 6 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario add_r32_to_r32)</span>
<span id="L7" class="LineNr"> 7 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x10;</span>
<span id="L8" class="LineNr"> 8 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 1;</span>
<span id="L9" class="LineNr"> 9 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L10" class="LineNr"> 10 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L11" class="LineNr"> 11 </span> <span class="PreProc">0</span><span class="Constant">1</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># add EBX to EAX</span>
<span id="L12" class="LineNr"> 12 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L13" class="LineNr"> 13 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: add <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> to r/m32</span>
<span id="L14" class="LineNr"> 14 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L15" class="LineNr"> 15 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x00000011</span>
<span id="L16" class="LineNr"> 16 </span>
<span id="L17" class="LineNr"> 17 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L18" class="LineNr"> 18 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x01</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// add r32 to r/m32</span>
<span id="L19" class="LineNr"> 19 </span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L20" class="LineNr"> 20 </span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L21" class="LineNr"> 21 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"add "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>arg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" to r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L22" class="LineNr"> 22 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L23" class="LineNr"> 23 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L91'>BINARY_ARITHMETIC_OP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>+<span class="Delimiter">,</span> *arg1<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[arg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L24" class="LineNr"> 24 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L25" class="LineNr"> 25 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L26" class="LineNr"> 26 </span>
<span id="L27" class="LineNr"> 27 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span id="L28" class="LineNr"> 28 </span><span class="Comment">// Implement tables 2-2 and 2-3 in the Intel manual, Volume 2.</span>
<span id="L29" class="LineNr"> 29 </span><span class="Comment">// We return a pointer so that instructions can write to multiple bytes in</span>
<span id="L30" class="LineNr"> 30 </span><span class="Comment">// 'Mem' at once.</span>
<span id="L31" class="LineNr"> 31 </span><span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L32" class="LineNr"> 32 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> mod = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">6</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L33" class="LineNr"> 33 </span> <span class="Comment">// ignore middle 3 'reg opcode' bits</span>
<span id="L34" class="LineNr"> 34 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> rm = modrm & <span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L35" class="LineNr"> 35 </span> <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>mod == <span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L36" class="LineNr"> 36 </span> <span class="Comment">// mod 3 is just register direct addressing</span>
<span id="L37" class="LineNr"> 37 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"r/m32 is "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>rm<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L38" class="LineNr"> 38 </span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> &<span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[rm]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L39" class="LineNr"> 39 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L40" class="LineNr"> 40 </span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L248'>mem_addr_i32</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L43'>effective_address_number</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
<span id="L41" class="LineNr"> 41 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L42" class="LineNr"> 42 </span>
<span id="L43" class="LineNr"> 43 </span><span class="Normal">uint32_t</span> <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L43'>effective_address_number</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L44" class="LineNr"> 44 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> mod = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">6</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L45" class="LineNr"> 45 </span> <span class="Comment">// ignore middle 3 'reg opcode' bits</span>
<span id="L46" class="LineNr"> 46 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> rm = modrm & <span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L47" class="LineNr"> 47 </span> <span class="Normal">uint32_t</span> addr = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L48" class="LineNr"> 48 </span> <span class="Normal">switch</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>mod<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L49" class="LineNr"> 49 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">3</span>:
<span id="L50" class="LineNr"> 50 </span> <span class="Comment">// mod 3 is just register direct addressing</span>
<span id="L51" class="LineNr"> 51 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L210'>raise</a> << <span class="Constant">"unexpected direct addressing mode\n"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L52" class="LineNr"> 52 </span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L53" class="LineNr"> 53 </span> <span class="Comment">// End Mod Special-cases(addr)</span>
<span id="L54" class="LineNr"> 54 </span> <span class="Normal">default</span>:
<span id="L55" class="LineNr"> 55 </span> cerr << <span class="Constant">"unrecognized mod bits: "</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L415'>NUM</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>mod<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L56" class="LineNr"> 56 </span> exit<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L57" class="LineNr"> 57 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L58" class="LineNr"> 58 </span> <span class="Comment">//: other mods are indirect, and they'll set addr appropriately</span>
<span id="L59" class="LineNr"> 59 </span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> addr<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L60" class="LineNr"> 60 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L61" class="LineNr"> 61 </span>
<span id="L62" class="LineNr"> 62 </span>string <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> r<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L63" class="LineNr"> 63 </span> <span class="Normal">switch</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>r<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L64" class="LineNr"> 64 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"EAX"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L65" class="LineNr"> 65 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"ECX"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L66" class="LineNr"> 66 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">2</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"EDX"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L67" class="LineNr"> 67 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">3</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"EBX"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L68" class="LineNr"> 68 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">4</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"ESP"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L69" class="LineNr"> 69 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">5</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"EBP"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L70" class="LineNr"> 70 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">6</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"ESI"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L71" class="LineNr"> 71 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">7</span>: <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">"EDI"</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L72" class="LineNr"> 72 </span> <span class="Normal">default</span>: <a href='003trace.cc.html#L210'>raise</a> << <span class="Constant">"invalid register "</span> << r << <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> <span class="Constant">""</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L73" class="LineNr"> 73 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L74" class="LineNr"> 74 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L75" class="LineNr"> 75 </span>
<span id="L76" class="LineNr"> 76 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: subtract</span>
<span id="L77" class="LineNr"> 77 </span>
<span id="L78" class="LineNr"> 78 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L79" class="LineNr"> 79 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"29"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"subtract r32 from rm32 (sub)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L80" class="LineNr"> 80 </span>
<span id="L81" class="LineNr"> 81 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario subtract_r32_from_r32)</span>
<span id="L82" class="LineNr"> 82 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 10;</span>
<span id="L83" class="LineNr"> 83 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 1;</span>
<span id="L84" class="LineNr"> 84 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L85" class="LineNr"> 85 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L86" class="LineNr"> 86 </span> <span class="Constant">29</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># subtract EBX from EAX</span>
<span id="L87" class="LineNr"> 87 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L88" class="LineNr"> 88 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: subtract <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> from r/m32</span>
<span id="L89" class="LineNr"> 89 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L90" class="LineNr"> 90 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x00000009</span>
<span id="L91" class="LineNr"> 91 </span>
<span id="L92" class="LineNr"> 92 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L93" class="LineNr"> 93 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x29</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// subtract r32 from r/m32</span>
<span id="L94" class="LineNr"> 94 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L95" class="LineNr"> 95 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L96" class="LineNr"> 96 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"subtract "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>arg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" from r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L97" class="LineNr"> 97 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L98" class="LineNr"> 98 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L91'>BINARY_ARITHMETIC_OP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>-<span class="Delimiter">,</span> *arg1<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[arg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L99" class="LineNr"> 99 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L100" class="LineNr">100 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L101" class="LineNr">101 </span>
<span id="L102" class="LineNr">102 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: multiply</span>
<span id="L103" class="LineNr">103 </span>
<span id="L104" class="LineNr">104 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L105" class="LineNr">105 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"f7"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"negate/multiply rm32 (with <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> if necessary) depending on subop (neg/mul)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L106" class="LineNr">106 </span>
<span id="L107" class="LineNr">107 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario multiply_eax_by_r32)</span>
<span id="L108" class="LineNr">108 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 4;</span>
<span id="L109" class="LineNr">109 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[ECX].i = 3;</span>
<span id="L110" class="LineNr">110 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L111" class="LineNr">111 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L112" class="LineNr">112 </span> f7 e1 <span class="Comment"># multiply EAX by ECX</span>
<span id="L113" class="LineNr">113 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 100 (subop mul) 001 (src ECX)</span>
<span id="L114" class="LineNr">114 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: operate on r/m32</span>
<span id="L115" class="LineNr">115 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a></span>
<span id="L116" class="LineNr">116 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: subop: multiply <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> by r/m32</span>
<span id="L117" class="LineNr">117 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x0000000c</span>
<span id="L118" class="LineNr">118 </span>
<span id="L119" class="LineNr">119 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L120" class="LineNr">120 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0xf7</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// xor r32 with r/m32</span>
<span id="L121" class="LineNr">121 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L122" class="LineNr">122 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"operate on r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L123" class="LineNr">123 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L124" class="LineNr">124 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> subop = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> <span class="Comment">// middle 3 'reg opcode' bits</span>
<span id="L125" class="LineNr">125 </span> <span class="Normal">switch</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>subop<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L126" class="LineNr">126 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">4</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// mul unsigned EAX by r/m32</span>
<span id="L127" class="LineNr">127 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"subop: multiply <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> by r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L128" class="LineNr">128 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint64_t</span> result = <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[EAX]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u * <span class="Normal">static_cast</span><<span class="Normal">uint32_t</span>><span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L129" class="LineNr">129 </span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[EAX]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u = result & <span class="Constant">0xffffffff</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L130" class="LineNr">130 </span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[EDX]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u = result >> <span class="Constant">32</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L131" class="LineNr">131 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L81'>OF</a> = <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[EDX]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u != <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L132" class="LineNr">132 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[EAX]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L133" class="LineNr">133 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L134" class="LineNr">134 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L135" class="LineNr">135 </span> <span class="Comment">// End Op f7 Subops</span>
<span id="L136" class="LineNr">136 </span> <span class="Normal">default</span>:
<span id="L137" class="LineNr">137 </span> cerr << <span class="Constant">"unrecognized sub-opcode after f7: "</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L415'>NUM</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>subop<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L138" class="LineNr">138 </span> exit<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L139" class="LineNr">139 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L140" class="LineNr">140 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L141" class="LineNr">141 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L142" class="LineNr">142 </span>
<span id="L143" class="LineNr">143 </span><span class="Comment">//:</span>
<span id="L144" class="LineNr">144 </span>
<span id="L145" class="LineNr">145 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L146" class="LineNr">146 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L379'>Name_0f</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"af"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"multiply rm32 into r32 (imul)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L147" class="LineNr">147 </span>
<span id="L148" class="LineNr">148 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario multiply_r32_into_r32)</span>
<span id="L149" class="LineNr">149 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 4;</span>
<span id="L150" class="LineNr">150 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 2;</span>
<span id="L151" class="LineNr">151 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L152" class="LineNr">152 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L153" class="LineNr">153 </span> <span class="Constant">0f</span> af d8 <span class="Comment"># subtract EBX into EAX</span>
<span id="L154" class="LineNr">154 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L155" class="LineNr">155 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: multiply r/m32 into <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L156" class="LineNr">156 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L157" class="LineNr">157 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x00000008</span>
<span id="L158" class="LineNr">158 </span>
<span id="L159" class="LineNr">159 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Two-Byte Opcodes Starting With 0f")</span>
<span id="L160" class="LineNr">160 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0xaf</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// multiply r32 into r/m32</span>
<span id="L161" class="LineNr">161 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L162" class="LineNr">162 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L163" class="LineNr">163 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"multiply r/m32 into "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>arg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L164" class="LineNr">164 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L165" class="LineNr">165 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L91'>BINARY_ARITHMETIC_OP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>*<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[arg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">,</span> *arg1<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L166" class="LineNr">166 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L167" class="LineNr">167 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L168" class="LineNr">168 </span>
<span id="L169" class="LineNr">169 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: negate</span>
<span id="L170" class="LineNr">170 </span>
<span id="L171" class="LineNr">171 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario negate_r32)</span>
<span id="L172" class="LineNr">172 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 1;</span>
<span id="L173" class="LineNr">173 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L174" class="LineNr">174 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L175" class="LineNr">175 </span> f7 db <span class="Comment"># negate EBX</span>
<span id="L176" class="LineNr">176 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (subop negate) 011 (dest EBX)</span>
<span id="L177" class="LineNr">177 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: operate on r/m32</span>
<span id="L178" class="LineNr">178 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L179" class="LineNr">179 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: subop: negate</span>
<span id="L180" class="LineNr">180 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0xffffffff</span>
<span id="L181" class="LineNr">181 </span>
<span id="L182" class="LineNr">182 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Op f7 Subops")</span>
<span id="L183" class="LineNr">183 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">3</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// negate r/m32</span>
<span id="L184" class="LineNr">184 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"subop: negate"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L185" class="LineNr">185 </span> <span class="Comment">// one case that can overflow</span>
<span id="L186" class="LineNr">186 </span> <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">static_cast</span><<span class="Normal">uint32_t</span>><span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1<span class="Delimiter">)</span> == <span class="Constant">0x80000000</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L187" class="LineNr">187 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"overflow"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L188" class="LineNr">188 </span> SF =<span class="Constant"> true</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L189" class="LineNr">189 </span> ZF =<span class="Constant"> false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L190" class="LineNr">190 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L81'>OF</a> =<span class="Constant"> true</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L191" class="LineNr">191 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L192" class="LineNr">192 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L193" class="LineNr">193 </span> *arg1 = -<span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L194" class="LineNr">194 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << *arg1 << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L195" class="LineNr">195 </span> SF = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1 >> <span class="Constant">31</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L196" class="LineNr">196 </span> ZF = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1 == <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L197" class="LineNr">197 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L81'>OF</a> =<span class="Constant"> false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L198" class="LineNr">198 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L199" class="LineNr">199 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L200" class="LineNr">200 </span>
<span id="L201" class="LineNr">201 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario negate_can_overflow)</span> <span class="Comment">// in exactly one situation</span>
<span id="L202" class="LineNr">202 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x80000000; // INT_MIN</span>
<span id="L203" class="LineNr">203 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L204" class="LineNr">204 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L205" class="LineNr">205 </span> f7 db <span class="Comment"># negate EBX</span>
<span id="L206" class="LineNr">206 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (subop negate) 011 (dest EBX)</span>
<span id="L207" class="LineNr">207 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: operate on r/m32</span>
<span id="L208" class="LineNr">208 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L209" class="LineNr">209 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: subop: negate</span>
<span id="L210" class="LineNr">210 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: overflow</span>
<span id="L211" class="LineNr">211 </span>
<span id="L212" class="LineNr">212 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: and</span>
<span id="L213" class="LineNr">213 </span>
<span id="L214" class="LineNr">214 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L215" class="LineNr">215 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"21"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"rm32 = bitwise AND of r32 with rm32 (and)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L216" class="LineNr">216 </span>
<span id="L217" class="LineNr">217 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario and_r32_with_r32)</span>
<span id="L218" class="LineNr">218 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L219" class="LineNr">219 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x000000ff;</span>
<span id="L220" class="LineNr">220 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L221" class="LineNr">221 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L222" class="LineNr">222 </span> <span class="Constant">21</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># and EBX with destination EAX</span>
<span id="L223" class="LineNr">223 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L224" class="LineNr">224 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: and <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L225" class="LineNr">225 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L226" class="LineNr">226 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x0000000d</span>
<span id="L227" class="LineNr">227 </span>
<span id="L228" class="LineNr">228 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L229" class="LineNr">229 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x21</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// and r32 with r/m32</span>
<span id="L230" class="LineNr">230 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L231" class="LineNr">231 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L232" class="LineNr">232 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"and "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>arg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" with r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L233" class="LineNr">233 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L234" class="LineNr">234 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L103'>BINARY_BITWISE_OP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>&<span class="Delimiter">,</span> *arg1<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[arg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L235" class="LineNr">235 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L236" class="LineNr">236 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L237" class="LineNr">237 </span>
<span id="L238" class="LineNr">238 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: or</span>
<span id="L239" class="LineNr">239 </span>
<span id="L240" class="LineNr">240 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L241" class="LineNr">241 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"09"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"rm32 = bitwise OR of r32 with rm32 (or)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L242" class="LineNr">242 </span>
<span id="L243" class="LineNr">243 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario or_r32_with_r32)</span>
<span id="L244" class="LineNr">244 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L245" class="LineNr">245 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0xa0b0c0d0;</span>
<span id="L246" class="LineNr">246 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L247" class="LineNr">247 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L248" class="LineNr">248 </span> <span class="Error">09</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># or EBX with destination EAX</span>
<span id="L249" class="LineNr">249 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L250" class="LineNr">250 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: or <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L251" class="LineNr">251 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L252" class="LineNr">252 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0xaabbccdd</span>
<span id="L253" class="LineNr">253 </span>
<span id="L254" class="LineNr">254 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L255" class="LineNr">255 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x09</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// or r32 with r/m32</span>
<span id="L256" class="LineNr">256 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L257" class="LineNr">257 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L258" class="LineNr">258 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"or "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>arg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" with r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L259" class="LineNr">259 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L260" class="LineNr">260 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L103'>BINARY_BITWISE_OP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>|<span class="Delimiter">,</span> *arg1<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[arg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L261" class="LineNr">261 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L262" class="LineNr">262 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L263" class="LineNr">263 </span>
<span id="L264" class="LineNr">264 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: xor</span>
<span id="L265" class="LineNr">265 </span>
<span id="L266" class="LineNr">266 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L267" class="LineNr">267 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"31"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"rm32 = bitwise XOR of r32 with rm32 (xor)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L268" class="LineNr">268 </span>
<span id="L269" class="LineNr">269 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario xor_r32_with_r32)</span>
<span id="L270" class="LineNr">270 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L271" class="LineNr">271 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0xaabbc0d0;</span>
<span id="L272" class="LineNr">272 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L273" class="LineNr">273 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L274" class="LineNr">274 </span> <span class="Constant">31</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># xor EBX with destination EAX</span>
<span id="L275" class="LineNr">275 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L276" class="LineNr">276 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: xor <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L277" class="LineNr">277 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L278" class="LineNr">278 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0xa0b0ccdd</span>
<span id="L279" class="LineNr">279 </span>
<span id="L280" class="LineNr">280 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L281" class="LineNr">281 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x31</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// xor r32 with r/m32</span>
<span id="L282" class="LineNr">282 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L283" class="LineNr">283 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L284" class="LineNr">284 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"xor "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>arg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" with r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L285" class="LineNr">285 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L286" class="LineNr">286 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L103'>BINARY_BITWISE_OP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>^<span class="Delimiter">,</span> *arg1<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[arg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L287" class="LineNr">287 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L288" class="LineNr">288 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L289" class="LineNr">289 </span>
<span id="L290" class="LineNr">290 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: not</span>
<span id="L291" class="LineNr">291 </span>
<span id="L292" class="LineNr">292 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario not_r32)</span>
<span id="L293" class="LineNr">293 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x0f0f00ff;</span>
<span id="L294" class="LineNr">294 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L295" class="LineNr">295 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L296" class="LineNr">296 </span> f7 d3 <span class="Comment"># not EBX</span>
<span id="L297" class="LineNr">297 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 010 (subop not) 011 (dest EBX)</span>
<span id="L298" class="LineNr">298 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: operate on r/m32</span>
<span id="L299" class="LineNr">299 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L300" class="LineNr">300 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: subop: not</span>
<span id="L301" class="LineNr">301 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0xf0f0ff00</span>
<span id="L302" class="LineNr">302 </span>
<span id="L303" class="LineNr">303 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Op f7 Subops")</span>
<span id="L304" class="LineNr">304 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">2</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// not r/m32</span>
<span id="L305" class="LineNr">305 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"subop: not"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L306" class="LineNr">306 </span> *arg1 = ~<span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L307" class="LineNr">307 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << *arg1 << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L308" class="LineNr">308 </span> SF = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1 >> <span class="Constant">31</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L309" class="LineNr">309 </span> ZF = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>*arg1 == <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L310" class="LineNr">310 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L81'>OF</a> =<span class="Constant"> false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L311" class="LineNr">311 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L312" class="LineNr">312 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L313" class="LineNr">313 </span>
<span id="L314" class="LineNr">314 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: compare (cmp)</span>
<span id="L315" class="LineNr">315 </span>
<span id="L316" class="LineNr">316 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L317" class="LineNr">317 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"39"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"compare: set SF if rm32 < r32 (cmp)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L318" class="LineNr">318 </span>
<span id="L319" class="LineNr">319 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario compare_r32_with_r32_greater)</span>
<span id="L320" class="LineNr">320 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L321" class="LineNr">321 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x0a0b0c07;</span>
<span id="L322" class="LineNr">322 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L323" class="LineNr">323 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L324" class="LineNr">324 </span> <span class="Constant">39</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># compare EBX with EAX</span>
<span id="L325" class="LineNr">325 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L326" class="LineNr">326 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: compare <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L327" class="LineNr">327 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L328" class="LineNr">328 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: SF=0; ZF=0; OF=0</span>
<span id="L329" class="LineNr">329 </span>
<span id="L330" class="LineNr">330 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L331" class="LineNr">331 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x39</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// set SF if r/m32 < r32</span>
<span id="L332" class="LineNr">332 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L333" class="LineNr">333 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> reg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L334" class="LineNr">334 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"compare "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>reg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" with r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L335" class="LineNr">335 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L336" class="LineNr">336 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span> arg2 = <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L337" class="LineNr">337 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span> tmp1 = *arg1 - arg2<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L338" class="LineNr">338 </span> SF = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>tmp1 < <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L339" class="LineNr">339 </span> ZF = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>tmp1 == <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L340" class="LineNr">340 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">int64_t</span> tmp2 = *arg1 - arg2<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L341" class="LineNr">341 </span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L81'>OF</a> = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>tmp1 != tmp2<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L342" class="LineNr">342 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"SF="</span> << SF << <span class="Constant">"; ZF="</span> << ZF << <span class="Constant">"; OF="</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L81'>OF</a> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L343" class="LineNr">343 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L344" class="LineNr">344 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L345" class="LineNr">345 </span>
<span id="L346" class="LineNr">346 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario compare_r32_with_r32_lesser)</span>
<span id="L347" class="LineNr">347 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x0a0b0c07;</span>
<span id="L348" class="LineNr">348 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L349" class="LineNr">349 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L350" class="LineNr">350 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L351" class="LineNr">351 </span> <span class="Constant">39</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># compare EBX with EAX</span>
<span id="L352" class="LineNr">352 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L353" class="LineNr">353 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: compare <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L354" class="LineNr">354 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L355" class="LineNr">355 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: SF=1; ZF=0; OF=0</span>
<span id="L356" class="LineNr">356 </span>
<span id="L357" class="LineNr">357 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario compare_r32_with_r32_equal)</span>
<span id="L358" class="LineNr">358 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L359" class="LineNr">359 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x0a0b0c0d;</span>
<span id="L360" class="LineNr">360 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L361" class="LineNr">361 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L362" class="LineNr">362 </span> <span class="Constant">39</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># compare EBX with EAX</span>
<span id="L363" class="LineNr">363 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L364" class="LineNr">364 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: compare <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L365" class="LineNr">365 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L366" class="LineNr">366 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: SF=0; ZF=1; OF=0</span>
<span id="L367" class="LineNr">367 </span>
<span id="L368" class="LineNr">368 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: copy (mov)</span>
<span id="L369" class="LineNr">369 </span>
<span id="L370" class="LineNr">370 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L371" class="LineNr">371 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"89"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"copy r32 to rm32 (mov)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L372" class="LineNr">372 </span>
<span id="L373" class="LineNr">373 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario copy_r32_to_r32)</span>
<span id="L374" class="LineNr">374 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0xaf;</span>
<span id="L375" class="LineNr">375 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L376" class="LineNr">376 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L377" class="LineNr">377 </span> <span class="Constant">89</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># copy EBX to EAX</span>
<span id="L378" class="LineNr">378 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L379" class="LineNr">379 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: copy <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> to r/m32</span>
<span id="L380" class="LineNr">380 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L381" class="LineNr">381 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x000000af</span>
<span id="L382" class="LineNr">382 </span>
<span id="L383" class="LineNr">383 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L384" class="LineNr">384 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x89</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// copy r32 to r/m32</span>
<span id="L385" class="LineNr">385 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L386" class="LineNr">386 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> rsrc = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L387" class="LineNr">387 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"copy "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>rsrc<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" to r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L388" class="LineNr">388 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* dest = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L389" class="LineNr">389 </span> *dest = <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[rsrc]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L390" class="LineNr">390 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << *dest << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L391" class="LineNr">391 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L392" class="LineNr">392 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L393" class="LineNr">393 </span>
<span id="L394" class="LineNr">394 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: xchg</span>
<span id="L395" class="LineNr">395 </span>
<span id="L396" class="LineNr">396 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L397" class="LineNr">397 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"87"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"swap the <a href='003trace.cc.html#L74'>contents</a> of r32 and rm32 (xchg)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L398" class="LineNr">398 </span>
<span id="L399" class="LineNr">399 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario xchg_r32_with_r32)</span>
<span id="L400" class="LineNr">400 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0xaf;</span>
<span id="L401" class="LineNr">401 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].i = 0x2e;</span>
<span id="L402" class="LineNr">402 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L403" class="LineNr">403 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L404" class="LineNr">404 </span> <span class="Constant">87</span> d8 <span class="Comment"># exchange EBX with EAX</span>
<span id="L405" class="LineNr">405 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 011 (src EBX) 000 (dest EAX)</span>
<span id="L406" class="LineNr">406 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: exchange <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> with r/m32</span>
<span id="L407" class="LineNr">407 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L408" class="LineNr">408 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x000000af in r/m32</span>
<span id="L409" class="LineNr">409 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing 0x0000002e in <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L410" class="LineNr">410 </span>
<span id="L411" class="LineNr">411 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L412" class="LineNr">412 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x87</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// exchange r32 with r/m32</span>
<span id="L413" class="LineNr">413 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L414" class="LineNr">414 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> reg2 = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L415" class="LineNr">415 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"exchange "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>reg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">" with r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L416" class="LineNr">416 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* arg1 = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L417" class="LineNr">417 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span> tmp = *arg1<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L418" class="LineNr">418 </span> *arg1 = <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L419" class="LineNr">419 </span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i = tmp<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L420" class="LineNr">420 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << *arg1 << <span class="Constant">" in r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L421" class="LineNr">421 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg2]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>i << <span class="Constant">" in "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>reg2<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L422" class="LineNr">422 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L423" class="LineNr">423 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L424" class="LineNr">424 </span>
<span id="L425" class="LineNr">425 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: increment</span>
<span id="L426" class="LineNr">426 </span>
<span id="L427" class="LineNr">427 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L428" class="LineNr">428 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"40"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L429" class="LineNr">429 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"41"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L430" class="LineNr">430 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"42"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L15'>EDX</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L431" class="LineNr">431 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"43"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L432" class="LineNr">432 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"44"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L433" class="LineNr">433 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"45"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L18'>EBP</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L434" class="LineNr">434 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"46"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L19'>ESI</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L435" class="LineNr">435 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"47"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L20'>EDI</a> (inc)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L436" class="LineNr">436 </span>
<span id="L437" class="LineNr">437 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario increment_r32)</span>
<span id="L438" class="LineNr">438 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[ECX].u = 0x1f;</span>
<span id="L439" class="LineNr">439 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span> <span class="Comment"># code segment</span>
<span id="L440" class="LineNr">440 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L441" class="LineNr">441 </span> <span class="Constant">41</span> <span class="Comment"># increment ECX</span>
<span id="L442" class="LineNr">442 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: increment <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a></span>
<span id="L443" class="LineNr">443 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing value 0x00000020</span>
<span id="L444" class="LineNr">444 </span>
<span id="L445" class="LineNr">445 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L446" class="LineNr">446 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x40</span>:
<span id="L447" class="LineNr">447 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x41</span>:
<span id="L448" class="LineNr">448 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x42</span>:
<span id="L449" class="LineNr">449 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x43</span>:
<span id="L450" class="LineNr">450 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x44</span>:
<span id="L451" class="LineNr">451 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x45</span>:
<span id="L452" class="LineNr">452 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x46</span>:
<span id="L453" class="LineNr">453 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x47</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// increment r32</span>
<span id="L454" class="LineNr">454 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a> = op & <span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L455" class="LineNr">455 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"increment "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L456" class="LineNr">456 </span> ++<span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L457" class="LineNr">457 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing value 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L458" class="LineNr">458 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L459" class="LineNr">459 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L460" class="LineNr">460 </span>
<span id="L461" class="LineNr">461 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L462" class="LineNr">462 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"ff"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"increment/decrement/jump/push/call rm32 based on subop (inc/dec/jmp/push/call)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L463" class="LineNr">463 </span>
<span id="L464" class="LineNr">464 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario increment_rm32)</span>
<span id="L465" class="LineNr">465 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].u = 0x20;</span>
<span id="L466" class="LineNr">466 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span> <span class="Comment"># code segment</span>
<span id="L467" class="LineNr">467 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L468" class="LineNr">468 </span> ff c0 <span class="Comment"># increment EAX</span>
<span id="L469" class="LineNr">469 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 000 (subop inc) 000 (EAX)</span>
<span id="L470" class="LineNr">470 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: increment r/m32</span>
<span id="L471" class="LineNr">471 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L472" class="LineNr">472 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing value 0x00000021</span>
<span id="L473" class="LineNr">473 </span>
<span id="L474" class="LineNr">474 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L475" class="LineNr">475 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0xff</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L476" class="LineNr">476 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> modrm = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L364'>next</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L477" class="LineNr">477 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> subop = <span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm>><span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span>&<span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> <span class="Comment">// middle 3 'reg opcode' bits</span>
<span id="L478" class="LineNr">478 </span> <span class="Normal">switch</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>subop<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L479" class="LineNr">479 </span> <span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// increment r/m32</span>
<span id="L480" class="LineNr">480 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"increment r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L481" class="LineNr">481 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* <a href='001help.cc.html#L15'>arg</a> = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L482" class="LineNr">482 </span> ++*arg<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L483" class="LineNr">483 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing value 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << *arg << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L484" class="LineNr">484 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L485" class="LineNr">485 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L486" class="LineNr">486 </span> <span class="Normal">default</span>:
<span id="L487" class="LineNr">487 </span> cerr << <span class="Constant">"unrecognized subop for ff: "</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L412'>HEXBYTE</a> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L415'>NUM</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>subop<span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L488" class="LineNr">488 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L207'>DUMP</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">""</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L489" class="LineNr">489 </span> exit<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L490" class="LineNr">490 </span> <span class="Comment">// End Op ff Subops</span>
<span id="L491" class="LineNr">491 </span> <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L492" class="LineNr">492 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L493" class="LineNr">493 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L494" class="LineNr">494 </span>
<span id="L495" class="LineNr">495 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: decrement</span>
<span id="L496" class="LineNr">496 </span>
<span id="L497" class="LineNr">497 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L498" class="LineNr">498 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"48"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L499" class="LineNr">499 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"49"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L500" class="LineNr">500 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"4a"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L15'>EDX</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L501" class="LineNr">501 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"4b"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L502" class="LineNr">502 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"4c"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L503" class="LineNr">503 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"4d"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L18'>EBP</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L504" class="LineNr">504 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"4e"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L19'>ESI</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L505" class="LineNr">505 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"4f"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L20'>EDI</a> (dec)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L506" class="LineNr">506 </span>
<span id="L507" class="LineNr">507 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario decrement_r32)</span>
<span id="L508" class="LineNr">508 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[ECX].u = 0x1f;</span>
<span id="L509" class="LineNr">509 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span> <span class="Comment"># code segment</span>
<span id="L510" class="LineNr">510 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L511" class="LineNr">511 </span> <span class="Constant">49</span> <span class="Comment"># decrement ECX</span>
<span id="L512" class="LineNr">512 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: decrement <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a></span>
<span id="L513" class="LineNr">513 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing value 0x0000001e</span>
<span id="L514" class="LineNr">514 </span>
<span id="L515" class="LineNr">515 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L516" class="LineNr">516 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x48</span>:
<span id="L517" class="LineNr">517 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x49</span>:
<span id="L518" class="LineNr">518 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x4a</span>:
<span id="L519" class="LineNr">519 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x4b</span>:
<span id="L520" class="LineNr">520 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x4c</span>:
<span id="L521" class="LineNr">521 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x4d</span>:
<span id="L522" class="LineNr">522 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x4e</span>:
<span id="L523" class="LineNr">523 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x4f</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// decrement r32</span>
<span id="L524" class="LineNr">524 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a> = op & <span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L525" class="LineNr">525 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"decrement "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L526" class="LineNr">526 </span> --<span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L527" class="LineNr">527 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing value 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L528" class="LineNr">528 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L529" class="LineNr">529 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L530" class="LineNr">530 </span>
<span id="L531" class="LineNr">531 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario decrement_rm32)</span>
<span id="L532" class="LineNr">532 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EAX].u = 0x20;</span>
<span id="L533" class="LineNr">533 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span> <span class="Comment"># code segment</span>
<span id="L534" class="LineNr">534 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L535" class="LineNr">535 </span> ff c8 <span class="Comment"># decrement EAX</span>
<span id="L536" class="LineNr">536 </span><span class="Comment"># ModR/M in binary: 11 (direct mode) 001 (subop inc) 000 (EAX)</span>
<span id="L537" class="LineNr">537 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: decrement r/m32</span>
<span id="L538" class="LineNr">538 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: r/m32 is <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a></span>
<span id="L539" class="LineNr">539 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: storing value 0x0000001f</span>
<span id="L540" class="LineNr">540 </span>
<span id="L541" class="LineNr">541 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Op ff Subops")</span>
<span id="L542" class="LineNr">542 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// decrement r/m32</span>
<span id="L543" class="LineNr">543 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"decrement r/m32"</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L544" class="LineNr">544 </span> <span class="Normal">int32_t</span>* <a href='001help.cc.html#L15'>arg</a> = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L31'>effective_address</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span>modrm<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L545" class="LineNr">545 </span> --*arg<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L546" class="LineNr">546 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"storing value 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << *arg << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L547" class="LineNr">547 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L548" class="LineNr">548 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L549" class="LineNr">549 </span>
<span id="L550" class="LineNr">550 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: push</span>
<span id="L551" class="LineNr">551 </span>
<span id="L552" class="LineNr">552 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L553" class="LineNr">553 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"50"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L554" class="LineNr">554 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"51"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L555" class="LineNr">555 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"52"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L15'>EDX</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L556" class="LineNr">556 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"53"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L557" class="LineNr">557 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"54"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L558" class="LineNr">558 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"55"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L18'>EBP</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L559" class="LineNr">559 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"56"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L19'>ESI</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L560" class="LineNr">560 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"57"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"push <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L20'>EDI</a> to stack (push)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L561" class="LineNr">561 </span>
<span id="L562" class="LineNr">562 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario push_r32)</span>
<span id="L563" class="LineNr">563 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[ESP].u = 0x64;</span>
<span id="L564" class="LineNr">564 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[EBX].i = 0x0000000a;</span>
<span id="L565" class="LineNr">565 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span>
<span id="L566" class="LineNr">566 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L567" class="LineNr">567 </span> <span class="Constant">53</span> <span class="Comment"># push EBX to stack</span>
<span id="L568" class="LineNr">568 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: <a href='012elf.cc.html#L89'>push</a> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L569" class="LineNr">569 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: decrementing <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> to 0x00000060</span>
<span id="L570" class="LineNr">570 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: pushing value 0x0000000a</span>
<span id="L571" class="LineNr">571 </span>
<span id="L572" class="LineNr">572 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L573" class="LineNr">573 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x50</span>:
<span id="L574" class="LineNr">574 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x51</span>:
<span id="L575" class="LineNr">575 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x52</span>:
<span id="L576" class="LineNr">576 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x53</span>:
<span id="L577" class="LineNr">577 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x54</span>:
<span id="L578" class="LineNr">578 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x55</span>:
<span id="L579" class="LineNr">579 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x56</span>:
<span id="L580" class="LineNr">580 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x57</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// push r32 to stack</span>
<span id="L581" class="LineNr">581 </span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a> = op & <span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L582" class="LineNr">582 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"push "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L583" class="LineNr">583 </span><span class="CommentedCode">//? cerr << "push: " << NUM(reg) << ": " << Reg[reg].u << " => " << Reg[ESP].u << '\n';</span>
<span id="L584" class="LineNr">584 </span> <a href='012elf.cc.html#L89'>push</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L585" class="LineNr">585 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L586" class="LineNr">586 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L587" class="LineNr">587 </span>
<span id="L588" class="LineNr">588 </span><span class="SalientComment">//:: pop</span>
<span id="L589" class="LineNr">589 </span>
<span id="L590" class="LineNr">590 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Initialize Op Names")</span>
<span id="L591" class="LineNr">591 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"58"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L13'>EAX</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L592" class="LineNr">592 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"59"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L14'>ECX</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L593" class="LineNr">593 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"5a"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L15'>EDX</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L594" class="LineNr">594 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"5b"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L595" class="LineNr">595 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"5c"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L596" class="LineNr">596 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"5d"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L18'>EBP</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L597" class="LineNr">597 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"5e"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L19'>ESI</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L598" class="LineNr">598 </span><a href='001help.cc.html#L253'>put_new</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L378'>Name</a></span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"5f"</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"pop top of stack to <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L20'>EDI</a> (pop)"</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L599" class="LineNr">599 </span>
<span id="L600" class="LineNr">600 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(scenario pop_r32)</span>
<span id="L601" class="LineNr">601 </span><span class="Special">% Reg[ESP].u = 0x02000000;</span>
<span id="L602" class="LineNr">602 </span><span class="Special">% Mem.push_back(vma(0x02000000)); // manually allocate memory</span>
<span id="L603" class="LineNr">603 </span><span class="Special">% write_mem_i32(0x02000000, 0x0000000a); // ..before this write</span>
<span id="L604" class="LineNr">604 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x1</span> <span class="Comment"># code segment</span>
<span id="L605" class="LineNr">605 </span><span class="Comment"># op ModR/M SIB displacement immediate</span>
<span id="L606" class="LineNr">606 </span> 5b <span class="Comment"># pop stack to EBX</span>
<span id="L607" class="LineNr">607 </span>== <span class="Constant">0x2000</span> <span class="Comment"># data segment</span>
<span id="L608" class="LineNr">608 </span>0a <span class="PreProc">0</span><span class="Constant">0</span> <span class="PreProc">0</span><span class="Constant">0</span> <span class="PreProc">0</span><span class="Constant">0</span> <span class="Comment"># 0x0a</span>
<span id="L609" class="LineNr">609 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L630'>pop</a> into <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L16'>EBX</a></span>
<span id="L610" class="LineNr">610 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: popping value 0x0000000a</span>
<span id="L611" class="LineNr">611 </span><span class="traceContains">+run: incrementing <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> to 0x02000004</span>
<span id="L612" class="LineNr">612 </span>
<span id="L613" class="LineNr">613 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(before "End Single-Byte Opcodes")</span>
<span id="L614" class="LineNr">614 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x58</span>:
<span id="L615" class="LineNr">615 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x59</span>:
<span id="L616" class="LineNr">616 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x5a</span>:
<span id="L617" class="LineNr">617 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x5b</span>:
<span id="L618" class="LineNr">618 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x5c</span>:
<span id="L619" class="LineNr">619 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x5d</span>:
<span id="L620" class="LineNr">620 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x5e</span>:
<span id="L621" class="LineNr">621 </span><span class="Normal">case</span> <span class="Constant">0x5f</span>: <span class="Delimiter">{</span> <span class="Comment">// pop stack into r32</span>
<span id="L622" class="LineNr">622 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint8_t</span> <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a> = op & <span class="Constant">0x7</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L623" class="LineNr">623 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"pop into "</span> << <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L62'>rname</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L23'>reg</a><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L624" class="LineNr">624 </span><span class="CommentedCode">//? cerr << "pop from " << Reg[ESP].u << '\n';</span>
<span id="L625" class="LineNr">625 </span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[reg]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u = <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L630'>pop</a><span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L626" class="LineNr">626 </span><span class="CommentedCode">//? cerr << "=> " << NUM(reg) << ": " << Reg[reg].u << '\n';</span>
<span id="L627" class="LineNr">627 </span> <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L628" class="LineNr">628 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span id="L629" class="LineNr">629 </span><span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
<span id="L630" class="LineNr">630 </span><span class="Normal">uint32_t</span> <a href='013direct_addressing.cc.html#L630'>pop</a><span class="Delimiter">()</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
<span id="L631" class="LineNr">631 </span> <span class="Normal">const</span> <span class="Normal">uint32_t</span> result = <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L209'>read_mem_u32</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[ESP]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span id="L632" class="LineNr">632 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"popping value 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << result << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L633" class="LineNr">633 </span> <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[ESP]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u += <span class="Constant">4</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L634" class="LineNr">634 </span> <a href='003trace.cc.html#L203'>trace</a><span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">90</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">"run"</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> << <span class="Constant">"incrementing <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L17'>ESP</a> to 0x"</span> << <a href='010---vm.cc.html#L413'>HEXWORD</a> << <span class="Special"><a href='010---vm.cc.html#L28'>Reg</a></span>[ESP]<span class="Delimiter">.</span>u << end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span id="L635" class="LineNr">635 </span> <span class="Identifier">return</span> result<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span id="L636" class="LineNr">636 </span><span class="Delimiter">}</span>
</pre>
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