about summary refs log tree commit diff stats
path: root/mu_instructions
blob: f9866acab04c6528986c24f89cc875cb4c38248a (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
## Mu's instructions and their table-driven translation

Mu is a statement-oriented language. Blocks consist of flat lists of instructions.
The following chart shows all the instruction forms supported by Mu, along
with the instruction they're translated to. Variables of the form 'var/reg'
live in a register, and other variables are assumed to live on the stack at
some 'stack-offset' from ebp.

var/eax <- increment              => "40/increment-eax"
var/ecx <- increment              => "41/increment-ecx"
var/edx <- increment              => "42/increment-edx"
var/ebx <- increment              => "43/increment-ebx"
var/esi <- increment              => "46/increment-esi"
var/edi <- increment              => "47/increment-edi"
increment var                     => "ff 0/subop/increment *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ")"
increment *var/reg                => "ff 0/subop/increment *" reg

var/eax <- decrement              => "48/decrement-eax"
var/ecx <- decrement              => "49/decrement-ecx"
var/edx <- decrement              => "4a/decrement-edx"
var/ebx <- decrement              => "4b/decrement-ebx"
var/esi <- decrement              => "4e/decrement-esi"
var/edi <- decrement              => "4f/decrement-edi"
decrement var                     => "ff 1/subop/decrement *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ")"
decrement *var/reg                => "ff 1/subop/decrement *" reg

var/reg <- add var2/reg2          => "01/add-to %" reg " " reg2 "/r32"
var/reg <- add var2               => "03/add *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- add *var2/reg2         => "03/add *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"
add-to var1, var2/reg             => "01/add-to *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/eax <- add n                  => "05/add-to-eax " n "/imm32"
var/reg <- add n                  => "81 0/subop/add %" reg " " n "/imm32"
add-to var, n                     => "81 0/subop/add *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
add-to *var/reg, n                => "81 0/subop/add *" reg " " n "/imm32"

var/reg <- subtract var2/reg2     => "29/subtract-from %" reg " " reg2 "/r32"
var/reg <- subtract var2          => "2b/subtract *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- subtract *var2/reg2    => "2b/subtract *" reg2 " " reg1 "/r32"
subtract-from var1, var2/reg2     => "29/subtract-from *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset ") " reg2 "/r32"
var/eax <- subtract n             => "2d/subtract-from-eax " n "/imm32"
var/reg <- subtract n             => "81 5/subop/subtract %" reg " " n "/imm32"
subtract-from var, n              => "81 5/subop/subtract *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
subtract-from *var/reg, n         => "81 5/subop/subtract *" reg " " n "/imm32"

var/reg <- and var2/reg2          => "21/and-with %" reg " " reg2 "/r32"
var/reg <- and var2               => "23/and *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset " " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- and *var2/reg2         => "23/and *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"
and-with var1, var2/reg           => "21/and-with *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/eax <- and n                  => "25/and-with-eax " n "/imm32"
var/reg <- and n                  => "81 4/subop/and %" reg " " n "/imm32"
and-with var, n                   => "81 4/subop/and *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
and-with *var/reg, n              => "81 4/subop/and *" reg " " n "/imm32"

var/reg <- or var2/reg2           => "09/or-with %" reg " " reg2 "/r32"
var/reg <- or var2                => "0b/or *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- or *var2/reg2          => "0b/or *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"
or-with var1, var2/reg2           => "09/or-with *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset " " reg2 "/r32"
var/eax <- or n                   => "0d/or-with-eax " n "/imm32"
var/reg <- or n                   => "81 1/subop/or %" reg " " n "/imm32"
or-with var, n                    => "81 1/subop/or *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
or-with *var/reg, n               => "81 1/subop/or *" reg " " n "/imm32"

var/reg <- xor var2/reg2          => "31/xor-with %" reg " " reg2 "/r32"
var/reg <- xor var2               => "33/xor *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- xor *var2/reg2         => "33/xor *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"
xor-with var1, var2/reg           => "31/xor-with *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/eax <- xor n                  => "35/xor-with-eax " n "/imm32"
var/reg <- xor n                  => "81 6/subop/xor %" reg " " n "/imm32"
xor-with var, n                   => "81 6/subop/xor *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
xor-with *var/reg, n              => "81 6/subop/xor *" reg " " n "/imm32"

var/eax <- copy n                 => "b8/copy-to-eax " n "/imm32"
var/ecx <- copy n                 => "b9/copy-to-ecx " n "/imm32"
var/edx <- copy n                 => "ba/copy-to-edx " n "/imm32"
var/ebx <- copy n                 => "bb/copy-to-ebx " n "/imm32"
var/esi <- copy n                 => "be/copy-to-esi " n "/imm32"
var/edi <- copy n                 => "bf/copy-to-edi " n "/imm32"
var/reg <- copy var2/reg2         => "89/<- %" reg " " reg2 "/r32"
copy-to var1, var2/reg            => "89/<- *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- copy var2              => "8b/-> *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- copy *var2/reg2        => "8b/-> *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- copy n                 => "c7 0/subop/copy %" reg " " n "/imm32"
copy-to var, n                    => "c7 0/subop/copy *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
copy-to *var/reg, n               => "c7 0/subop/copy *" reg " " n "/imm32"

compare var1, var2/reg2           => "39/compare *(ebp+" var1.stack-offset ") " reg2 "/r32"
compare *var1/reg1, var2/reg2     => "39/compare *" reg1 " " reg2 "/r32"
compare var1/reg1, var2           => "3b/compare<- *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg1 "/r32"
compare var/reg, *var2/reg2       => "3b/compare<- *" reg " " n "/imm32"
compare var/eax, n                => "3d/compare-eax-with " n "/imm32"
compare var, n                    => "81 7/subop/compare *(ebp+" var.stack-offset ") " n "/imm32"
compare *var/reg, n               => "81 7/subop/compare *" reg " " n "/imm32"

var/reg <- multiply var2          => "0f af/multiply *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- multiply *var2/reg2    => "0f af/multiply *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"

break                             => "e9/jump break/disp32"
break label                       => "e9/jump " label ":break/disp32"
loop                              => "e9/jump loop/disp32"
loop label                        => "e9/jump " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-=                        => "0f 84/jump-if-= break/disp32"
break-if-= label                  => "0f 84/jump-if-= " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-=                         => "0f 84/jump-if-= loop/disp32"
loop-if-= label                   => "0f 84/jump-if-= " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-!=                       => "0f 85/jump-if-!= break/disp32"
break-if-!= label                 => "0f 85/jump-if-!= " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-!=                        => "0f 85/jump-if-!= loop/disp32"
loop-if-!= label                  => "0f 85/jump-if-!= " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-<                        => "0f 8c/jump-if-< break/disp32"
break-if-< label                  => "0f 8c/jump-if-< " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-<                         => "0f 8c/jump-if-< loop/disp32"
loop-if-< label                   => "0f 8c/jump-if-< " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if->                        => "0f 8f/jump-if-> break/disp32"
break-if-> label                  => "0f 8f/jump-if-> " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if->                         => "0f 8f/jump-if-> loop/disp32"
loop-if-> label                   => "0f 8f/jump-if-> " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-<=                       => "0f 8e/jump-if-<= break/disp32"
break-if-<= label                 => "0f 8e/jump-if-<= " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-<=                        => "0f 8e/jump-if-<= loop/disp32"
loop-if-<= label                  => "0f 8e/jump-if-<= " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if->=                       => "0f 8d/jump-if->= break/disp32"
break-if->= label                 => "0f 8d/jump-if->= " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if->=                        => "0f 8d/jump-if->= loop/disp32"
loop-if->= label                  => "0f 8d/jump-if->= " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-addr<                    => "0f 82/jump-if-addr< break/disp32"
break-if-addr< label              => "0f 82/jump-if-addr< " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-addr<                     => "0f 82/jump-if-addr< loop/disp32"
loop-if-addr< label               => "0f 82/jump-if-addr< " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-addr>                    => "0f 87/jump-if-addr> break/disp32"
break-if-addr> label              => "0f 87/jump-if-addr> " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-addr>                     => "0f 87/jump-if-addr> loop/disp32"
loop-if-addr> label               => "0f 87/jump-if-addr> " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-addr<=                   => "0f 86/jump-if-addr<= break/disp32"
break-if-addr<= label             => "0f 86/jump-if-addr<= " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-addr<=                    => "0f 86/jump-if-addr<= loop/disp32"
loop-if-addr<= label              => "0f 86/jump-if-addr<= " label ":loop/disp32"

break-if-addr>=                   => "0f 83/jump-if-addr>= break/disp32"
break-if-addr>= label             => "0f 83/jump-if-addr>= " label ":break/disp32"
loop-if-addr>=                    => "0f 83/jump-if-addr>= loop/disp32"
loop-if-addr>= label              => "0f 83/jump-if-addr>= " label ":loop/disp32"

In the following instructions types are provided for clarity even if they must
be provided in an earlier 'var' declaration.

# Address operations

var/reg: (addr T) <- address var2: T
  => "8d/copy-address *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"

Array operations (TODO: bounds-checking)

var/reg <- length arr/reg2: (addr array T)
  => "8b/-> *" reg2 " " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- index arr/rega: (addr array T), idx/regi: int  # if size(T) is 4 or 8
  => "8d/copy-address *(" rega "+" regi "<<" log2(size(T)) "+4) " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- index arr: (array T sz), idx/regi: int
  => "8d/copy-address *(ebp+" regi "<<" log2(size(T)) "+" (arr.stack-offset + 4) ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- index arr/rega: (addr array T), n
  => "8d/copy-address *(" rega "+" (n*size(T)+4) ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- index arr: (array T sz), n
  => "8d/copy-address *(ebp+" (arr.stack-offset+4+n*size(T)) ") " reg "/r32"

var/reg: (offset T) <- compute-offset arr: (addr array T), idx/regi: int  # arr can be in reg or mem
  => "69/multiply %" regi " " size(T) "/imm32 " reg "/r32"
var/reg: (offset T) <- compute-offset arr: (addr array T), idx: int       # arr can be in reg or mem
  => "69/multiply *(ebp+" idx.stack-offset ") " size(T) "/imm32 " reg "/r32"
var/reg <- index arr/rega: (addr array T), o/rego: offset
  => "8d/copy-address *(" rega "+" rego "+4) " reg "/r32"

# User-defined types

If a record (product) type T was defined to have elements a, b, c, ... of
types T_a, T_b, T_c, ..., then accessing one of those elements f of type T_f:

var/reg: (addr T_f) <- get var2/reg2: (addr F), f
  => "8d/copy-address *(" reg2 "+" offset(f) ") " reg "/r32"
var/reg: (addr T_f) <- get var2: (addr F), f
  => "8d/copy-address *(ebp+" var2.stack-offset "+" offset(f) ") " reg "/r32"

# Handles for safe access to the heap

copy-handle-to dest: (handle T), src: (handle T)
  => "50/push-eax"
     "8b/-> *(ebp+" src.stack-offset ") 0/r32/eax"
     "89/<- *(ebp+" dest.stack-offset ") 0/r32/eax"
     "8b/-> *(ebp+" src.stack-offset+4 ") 0/r32/eax"
     "89/<- *(ebp+" dest.stack-offset+4 ") 0/r32/eax"
     "58/pop-to-eax"

copy-handle-to *dest/reg: (addr handle T), src: (handle T)
  => "50/push-eax"
     "8b/-> *(ebp+" src.stack-offset ") 0/r32/eax"
     "89/<- *" reg " 0/r32/eax"
     "8b/-> *(ebp+" src.stack-offset+4 ") 0/r32/eax"
     "89/<- *(" reg "+4) 0/r32/eax"
     "58/pop-to-eax"

out/reg: (addr T) <- lookup in: (handle T)
  => # payload_allocid = in->address->allocid
     "8b/-> *(epb+" (in.stack-offset+4) ") " reg "/r32"
     "8b/-> *" reg " " reg "/r32"
     # if (payload_allocid != handle->allocid) abort
     "39/compare *(ebp+" in.stack-offset ") " reg "/r32"
     "0f 85/jump-if-!= $lookup:abort/disp32"
     # return payload
     "8b/-> *(epb+" (in.stack-offset+4) ") " reg "/r32"
     "81 0/subop/add %" reg " 4/imm32"  # skip payload->allocid

vim:ft=mu:nowrap:textwidth=0