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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html><head><title>Python: module ranger.ext.shutil_generatorized</title>
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<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="heading">
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<td valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#ffffff" face="helvetica, arial">&nbsp;<br><big><big><strong><a href="ranger.html"><font color="#ffffff">ranger</font></a>.<a href="ranger.ext.html"><font color="#ffffff">ext</font></a>.shutil_generatorized</strong></big></big></font></td
><td align=right valign=bottom
><font color="#ffffff" face="helvetica, arial"><a href=".">index</a><br><a href="file:/home/hut/work/ranger/ranger/ext/shutil_generatorized.py">/home/hut/work/ranger/ranger/ext/shutil_generatorized.py</a></font></td></tr></table>
    <p><tt>Utility&nbsp;functions&nbsp;for&nbsp;copying&nbsp;files&nbsp;and&nbsp;directory&nbsp;trees.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
XXX&nbsp;The&nbsp;functions&nbsp;here&nbsp;don't&nbsp;copy&nbsp;the&nbsp;resource&nbsp;fork&nbsp;or&nbsp;other&nbsp;metadata&nbsp;on&nbsp;Mac.</tt></p>
<p>
<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="#aa55cc">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#ffffff" face="helvetica, arial"><big><strong>Modules</strong></big></font></td></tr>
    
<tr><td bgcolor="#aa55cc"><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
<td width="100%"><table width="100%" summary="list"><tr><td width="25%" valign=top><a href="fnmatch.html">fnmatch</a><br>
</td><td width="25%" valign=top><a href="os.html">os</a><br>
</td><td width="25%" valign=top><a href="stat.html">stat</a><br>
</td><td width="25%" valign=top><a href="sys.html">sys</a><br>
</td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p>
<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="#ee77aa">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#ffffff" face="helvetica, arial"><big><strong>Classes</strong></big></font></td></tr>
    
<tr><td bgcolor="#ee77aa"><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
<td width="100%"><dl>
<dt><font face="helvetica, arial"><a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>(<a href="builtins.html#Exception">builtins.Exception</a>)
</font></dt><dd>
<dl>
<dt><font face="helvetica, arial"><a href="ranger.ext.shutil_generatorized.html#Error">Error</a>
</font></dt><dt><font face="helvetica, arial"><a href="ranger.ext.shutil_generatorized.html#SpecialFileError">SpecialFileError</a>
</font></dt></dl>
</dd>
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 <p>
<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="#ffc8d8">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#000000" face="helvetica, arial"><a name="Error">class <strong>Error</strong></a>(<a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>)</font></td></tr>
    
<tr><td bgcolor="#ffc8d8"><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
<td width="100%"><dl><dt>Method resolution order:</dt>
<dd><a href="ranger.ext.shutil_generatorized.html#Error">Error</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#Exception">builtins.Exception</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#BaseException">builtins.BaseException</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#object">builtins.object</a></dd>
</dl>
<hr>
Data descriptors defined here:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>__weakref__</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>list&nbsp;of&nbsp;weak&nbsp;references&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;object&nbsp;(if&nbsp;defined)</tt></dd>
</dl>
<hr>
Methods inherited from <a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><a name="Error-__init__"><strong>__init__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#Error-__init__">__init__</a>(...)&nbsp;initializes&nbsp;x;&nbsp;see&nbsp;x.__class__.__doc__&nbsp;for&nbsp;signature</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-__reduce__"><strong>__reduce__</strong></a>(...)</dt></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-__str__"><strong>__str__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#Error-__str__">__str__</a>()&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;str(x)</tt></dd></dl>

<hr>
Data descriptors inherited from <a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>errno</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;errno</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>filename</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;filename</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>strerror</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;strerror</tt></dd>
</dl>
<hr>
Data and other attributes inherited from <a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>__new__</strong> = &lt;built-in method __new__ of type object at 0x7f28d265ec80&gt;<dd><tt>T.<a href="#Error-__new__">__new__</a>(S,&nbsp;...)&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;a&nbsp;new&nbsp;object&nbsp;with&nbsp;type&nbsp;S,&nbsp;a&nbsp;subtype&nbsp;of&nbsp;T</tt></dl>

<hr>
Methods inherited from <a href="builtins.html#BaseException">builtins.BaseException</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><a name="Error-__delattr__"><strong>__delattr__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#Error-__delattr__">__delattr__</a>('name')&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;del&nbsp;x.name</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-__getattribute__"><strong>__getattribute__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#Error-__getattribute__">__getattribute__</a>('name')&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;x.name</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-__repr__"><strong>__repr__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#Error-__repr__">__repr__</a>()&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;repr(x)</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-__setattr__"><strong>__setattr__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#Error-__setattr__">__setattr__</a>('name',&nbsp;value)&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;x.name&nbsp;=&nbsp;value</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-__setstate__"><strong>__setstate__</strong></a>(...)</dt></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="Error-with_traceback"><strong>with_traceback</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>Exception.<a href="#Error-with_traceback">with_traceback</a>(tb)&nbsp;--<br>
set&nbsp;self.<strong>__traceback__</strong>&nbsp;to&nbsp;tb&nbsp;and&nbsp;return&nbsp;self.</tt></dd></dl>

<hr>
Data descriptors inherited from <a href="builtins.html#BaseException">builtins.BaseException</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>__cause__</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;cause</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>__context__</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;context</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>__dict__</strong></dt>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>__traceback__</strong></dt>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>args</strong></dt>
</dl>
</td></tr></table> <p>
<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="#ffc8d8">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#000000" face="helvetica, arial"><a name="SpecialFileError">class <strong>SpecialFileError</strong></a>(<a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>)</font></td></tr>
    
<tr bgcolor="#ffc8d8"><td rowspan=2><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td>
<td colspan=2><tt>Raised&nbsp;when&nbsp;trying&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;a&nbsp;kind&nbsp;of&nbsp;operation&nbsp;(e.g.&nbsp;copying)&nbsp;which&nbsp;is<br>
not&nbsp;supported&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;special&nbsp;file&nbsp;(e.g.&nbsp;a&nbsp;named&nbsp;pipe)<br>&nbsp;</tt></td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td>
<td width="100%"><dl><dt>Method resolution order:</dt>
<dd><a href="ranger.ext.shutil_generatorized.html#SpecialFileError">SpecialFileError</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#Exception">builtins.Exception</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#BaseException">builtins.BaseException</a></dd>
<dd><a href="builtins.html#object">builtins.object</a></dd>
</dl>
<hr>
Data descriptors defined here:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>__weakref__</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>list&nbsp;of&nbsp;weak&nbsp;references&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;object&nbsp;(if&nbsp;defined)</tt></dd>
</dl>
<hr>
Methods inherited from <a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__init__"><strong>__init__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__init__">__init__</a>(...)&nbsp;initializes&nbsp;x;&nbsp;see&nbsp;x.__class__.__doc__&nbsp;for&nbsp;signature</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__reduce__"><strong>__reduce__</strong></a>(...)</dt></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__str__"><strong>__str__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__str__">__str__</a>()&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;str(x)</tt></dd></dl>

<hr>
Data descriptors inherited from <a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>errno</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;errno</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>filename</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;filename</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>strerror</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;strerror</tt></dd>
</dl>
<hr>
Data and other attributes inherited from <a href="builtins.html#EnvironmentError">builtins.EnvironmentError</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>__new__</strong> = &lt;built-in method __new__ of type object at 0x7f28d265ec80&gt;<dd><tt>T.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__new__">__new__</a>(S,&nbsp;...)&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;a&nbsp;new&nbsp;object&nbsp;with&nbsp;type&nbsp;S,&nbsp;a&nbsp;subtype&nbsp;of&nbsp;T</tt></dl>

<hr>
Methods inherited from <a href="builtins.html#BaseException">builtins.BaseException</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__delattr__"><strong>__delattr__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__delattr__">__delattr__</a>('name')&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;del&nbsp;x.name</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__getattribute__"><strong>__getattribute__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__getattribute__">__getattribute__</a>('name')&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;x.name</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__repr__"><strong>__repr__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__repr__">__repr__</a>()&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;repr(x)</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__setattr__"><strong>__setattr__</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>x.<a href="#SpecialFileError-__setattr__">__setattr__</a>('name',&nbsp;value)&nbsp;&lt;==&gt;&nbsp;x.name&nbsp;=&nbsp;value</tt></dd></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-__setstate__"><strong>__setstate__</strong></a>(...)</dt></dl>

<dl><dt><a name="SpecialFileError-with_traceback"><strong>with_traceback</strong></a>(...)</dt><dd><tt>Exception.<a href="#SpecialFileError-with_traceback">with_traceback</a>(tb)&nbsp;--<br>
set&nbsp;self.<strong>__traceback__</strong>&nbsp;to&nbsp;tb&nbsp;and&nbsp;return&nbsp;self.</tt></dd></dl>

<hr>
Data descriptors inherited from <a href="builtins.html#BaseException">builtins.BaseException</a>:<br>
<dl><dt><strong>__cause__</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;cause</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>__context__</strong></dt>
<dd><tt>exception&nbsp;context</tt></dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>__dict__</strong></dt>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>__traceback__</strong></dt>
</dl>
<dl><dt><strong>args</strong></dt>
</dl>
</td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p>
<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="#eeaa77">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#ffffff" face="helvetica, arial"><big><strong>Functions</strong></big></font></td></tr>
    
<tr><td bgcolor="#eeaa77"><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
<td width="100%"><dl><dt><a name="-copy"><strong>copy</strong></a>(src, dst)</dt><dd><tt>Copy&nbsp;data&nbsp;and&nbsp;mode&nbsp;bits&nbsp;("cp&nbsp;src&nbsp;dst").<br>
&nbsp;<br>
The&nbsp;destination&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory.</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-copy2"><strong>copy2</strong></a>(src, dst)</dt><dd><tt>Copy&nbsp;data&nbsp;and&nbsp;all&nbsp;stat&nbsp;info&nbsp;("cp&nbsp;-p&nbsp;src&nbsp;dst").<br>
&nbsp;<br>
The&nbsp;destination&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory.</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-copyfile"><strong>copyfile</strong></a>(src, dst)</dt><dd><tt>Copy&nbsp;data&nbsp;from&nbsp;src&nbsp;to&nbsp;dst</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-copyfileobj"><strong>copyfileobj</strong></a>(fsrc, fdst, length<font color="#909090">=16384</font>)</dt><dd><tt>copy&nbsp;data&nbsp;from&nbsp;file-like&nbsp;object&nbsp;fsrc&nbsp;to&nbsp;file-like&nbsp;object&nbsp;fdst</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-copymode"><strong>copymode</strong></a>(src, dst)</dt><dd><tt>Copy&nbsp;mode&nbsp;bits&nbsp;from&nbsp;src&nbsp;to&nbsp;dst</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-copystat"><strong>copystat</strong></a>(src, dst)</dt><dd><tt>Copy&nbsp;all&nbsp;stat&nbsp;info&nbsp;(mode&nbsp;bits,&nbsp;atime,&nbsp;mtime,&nbsp;flags)&nbsp;from&nbsp;src&nbsp;to&nbsp;dst</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-copytree"><strong>copytree</strong></a>(src, dst, symlinks<font color="#909090">=False</font>, ignore<font color="#909090">=None</font>)</dt><dd><tt>Recursively&nbsp;copy&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory&nbsp;tree&nbsp;using&nbsp;<a href="#-copy2">copy2</a>().<br>
&nbsp;<br>
The&nbsp;destination&nbsp;directory&nbsp;must&nbsp;not&nbsp;already&nbsp;exist.<br>
If&nbsp;exception(s)&nbsp;occur,&nbsp;an&nbsp;<a href="#Error">Error</a>&nbsp;is&nbsp;raised&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;list&nbsp;of&nbsp;reasons.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
If&nbsp;the&nbsp;optional&nbsp;symlinks&nbsp;flag&nbsp;is&nbsp;true,&nbsp;symbolic&nbsp;links&nbsp;in&nbsp;the<br>
source&nbsp;tree&nbsp;result&nbsp;in&nbsp;symbolic&nbsp;links&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;destination&nbsp;tree;&nbsp;if<br>
it&nbsp;is&nbsp;false,&nbsp;the&nbsp;contents&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;pointed&nbsp;to&nbsp;by&nbsp;symbolic<br>
links&nbsp;are&nbsp;copied.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
The&nbsp;optional&nbsp;ignore&nbsp;argument&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;callable.&nbsp;If&nbsp;given,&nbsp;it<br>
is&nbsp;called&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;`src`&nbsp;parameter,&nbsp;which&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;directory<br>
being&nbsp;visited&nbsp;by&nbsp;<a href="#-copytree">copytree</a>(),&nbsp;and&nbsp;`names`&nbsp;which&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;list&nbsp;of<br>
`src`&nbsp;contents,&nbsp;as&nbsp;returned&nbsp;by&nbsp;os.listdir():<br>
&nbsp;<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;callable(src,&nbsp;names)&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;ignored_names<br>
&nbsp;<br>
Since&nbsp;<a href="#-copytree">copytree</a>()&nbsp;is&nbsp;called&nbsp;recursively,&nbsp;the&nbsp;callable&nbsp;will&nbsp;be<br>
called&nbsp;once&nbsp;for&nbsp;each&nbsp;directory&nbsp;that&nbsp;is&nbsp;copied.&nbsp;It&nbsp;returns&nbsp;a<br>
list&nbsp;of&nbsp;names&nbsp;relative&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;`src`&nbsp;directory&nbsp;that&nbsp;should<br>
not&nbsp;be&nbsp;copied.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
XXX&nbsp;Consider&nbsp;this&nbsp;example&nbsp;code&nbsp;rather&nbsp;than&nbsp;the&nbsp;ultimate&nbsp;tool.</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-move"><strong>move</strong></a>(src, dst)</dt><dd><tt>Recursively&nbsp;move&nbsp;a&nbsp;file&nbsp;or&nbsp;directory&nbsp;to&nbsp;another&nbsp;location.&nbsp;This&nbsp;is<br>
similar&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;Unix&nbsp;"mv"&nbsp;command.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
If&nbsp;the&nbsp;destination&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory&nbsp;or&nbsp;a&nbsp;symlink&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory,&nbsp;the&nbsp;source<br>
is&nbsp;moved&nbsp;inside&nbsp;the&nbsp;directory.&nbsp;The&nbsp;destination&nbsp;path&nbsp;must&nbsp;not&nbsp;already<br>
exist.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
If&nbsp;the&nbsp;destination&nbsp;already&nbsp;exists&nbsp;but&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory,&nbsp;it&nbsp;may&nbsp;be<br>
overwritten&nbsp;depending&nbsp;on&nbsp;os.rename()&nbsp;semantics.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
If&nbsp;the&nbsp;destination&nbsp;is&nbsp;on&nbsp;our&nbsp;current&nbsp;filesystem,&nbsp;then&nbsp;rename()&nbsp;is&nbsp;used.<br>
Otherwise,&nbsp;src&nbsp;is&nbsp;copied&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;destination&nbsp;and&nbsp;then&nbsp;removed.<br>
A&nbsp;lot&nbsp;more&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;done&nbsp;here...&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;mv.c&nbsp;shows&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of<br>
the&nbsp;issues&nbsp;this&nbsp;implementation&nbsp;glosses&nbsp;over.</tt></dd></dl>
 <dl><dt><a name="-rmtree"><strong>rmtree</strong></a>(path, ignore_errors<font color="#909090">=False</font>, onerror<font color="#909090">=None</font>)</dt><dd><tt>Recursively&nbsp;delete&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory&nbsp;tree.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
If&nbsp;ignore_errors&nbsp;is&nbsp;set,&nbsp;errors&nbsp;are&nbsp;ignored;&nbsp;otherwise,&nbsp;if&nbsp;onerror<br>
is&nbsp;set,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;called&nbsp;to&nbsp;handle&nbsp;the&nbsp;error&nbsp;with&nbsp;arguments&nbsp;(func,<br>
path,&nbsp;exc_info)&nbsp;where&nbsp;func&nbsp;is&nbsp;os.listdir,&nbsp;os.remove,&nbsp;or&nbsp;os.rmdir;<br>
path&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;argument&nbsp;to&nbsp;that&nbsp;function&nbsp;that&nbsp;caused&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;fail;&nbsp;and<br>
exc_info&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;tuple&nbsp;returned&nbsp;by&nbsp;sys.exc_info().&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;ignore_errors<br>
is&nbsp;false&nbsp;and&nbsp;onerror&nbsp;is&nbsp;None,&nbsp;an&nbsp;exception&nbsp;is&nbsp;raised.</tt></dd></dl>
</td></tr></table><p>
<table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="section">
<tr bgcolor="#55aa55">
<td colspan=3 valign=bottom>&nbsp;<br>
<font color="#ffffff" face="helvetica, arial"><big><strong>Data</strong></big></font></td></tr>
    
<tr><td bgcolor="#55aa55"><tt>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</tt></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
<td width="100%"><strong>__all__</strong> = ['copyfileobj', 'copyfile', 'copymode', 'copystat', 'copy', 'copy2', 'copytree', 'move', 'rmtree', 'Error', 'SpecialFileError']</td></tr></table>
</body></html>
                                                                        

                                                                       
                                                                                         
                                                                        
                                                   
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                     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<pre id='vimCodeElement'>
<span class="Comment">//: Allow mu programs to log facts just like we've been doing in C++ so far.</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario trace)</span>
def main [
  trace <span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> [foo]<span class="Delimiter">,</span> [<span class="Normal">this</span> is a trace in mu]
]
<span class="traceContains">+foo: this is a trace in mu</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
TRACE<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;trace&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> TRACE<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt; <span class="Constant">3</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'trace' takes three or more ingredients rather than '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_mu_number<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;first ingredient of 'trace' should be a number (depth), but got '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_literal_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;second ingredient of 'trace' should be a literal string (label), but got '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> depth = ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  string label = current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  ostringstream out<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>i &gt; <span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> out &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">' '</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    out &lt;&lt; print_mu<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">),</span> ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span>depth<span class="Delimiter">,</span> label<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; out<span class="Delimiter">.</span>str<span class="Delimiter">()</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: simpler limited version of 'trace'</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
STASH<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;stash&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> STASH<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> STASH: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> STASH: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  ostringstream out<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> out &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">' '</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    out &lt;&lt; print_mu<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">),</span> ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;app&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; out<span class="Delimiter">.</span>str<span class="Delimiter">()</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario stash_literal_string)</span>
def main [
  stash [foo]
]
<span class="traceContains">+app: foo</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario stash_literal_number)</span>
def main [
  stash [foo:]<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">4</span>
]
<span class="traceContains">+app: foo: 4</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario stash_number)</span>
def main [
  <span class="Constant">1</span>:number<span class="Special"> &lt;- </span>copy <span class="Constant">34</span>
  stash [foo:]<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">1</span>:number
]
<span class="traceContains">+app: foo: 34</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(code)</span>
string print_mu<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">const</span> reagent&amp; r<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Normal">const</span> vector&lt;<span class="Normal">double</span>&gt;&amp; data<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>is_literal<span class="Delimiter">(</span>r<span class="Delimiter">))</span>
    <span class="Identifier">return</span> r<span class="Delimiter">.</span>name<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Comment">// End print Special-cases(r, data)</span>
  ostringstream out<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">long</span> <span class="Normal">long</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>data<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> out &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">' '</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    out &lt;&lt; no_scientific<span class="Delimiter">(</span>data<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">return</span> out<span class="Delimiter">.</span>str<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
HIDE_ERRORS<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;hide-errors&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> HIDE_ERRORS<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> HIDE_ERRORS: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> HIDE_ERRORS: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  Hide_errors = <span class="Constant">true</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
SHOW_ERRORS<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;show-errors&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> SHOW_ERRORS<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> SHOW_ERRORS: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> SHOW_ERRORS: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  Hide_errors = <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
TRACE_UNTIL<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;trace-until&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> TRACE_UNTIL<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> TRACE_UNTIL: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> TRACE_UNTIL: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Trace_stream<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    Trace_stream<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>collect_depth = ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_DUMP_TRACE<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$dump-trace&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _DUMP_TRACE<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _DUMP_TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _DUMP_TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>empty<span class="Delimiter">())</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    DUMP<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">else</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    DUMP<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_CLEAR_TRACE<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$clear-trace&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _CLEAR_TRACE<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _CLEAR_TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _CLEAR_TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>Trace_stream<span class="Delimiter">)</span> Trace_stream<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>past_lines<span class="Delimiter">.</span>clear<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_SAVE_TRACE<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$save-trace&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _SAVE_TRACE<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _SAVE_TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _SAVE_TRACE: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!Trace_file<span class="Delimiter">.</span>empty<span class="Delimiter">())</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    ofstream fout<span class="Delimiter">((</span>Trace_dir+Trace_file<span class="Delimiter">).</span>c_str<span class="Delimiter">());</span>
    fout &lt;&lt; Trace_stream<span class="Delimiter">-&gt;</span>readable_contents<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
    fout<span class="Delimiter">.</span>close<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: assert: perform sanity checks at runtime</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(scenario assert)</span>
<span class="Special">% Hide_errors = true;  // '%' lines insert arbitrary C code into tests before calling 'run' with the lines below. Must be immediately after :(scenario) line.</span>
def main [
  assert <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> [<span class="Normal">this</span> is an assert in mu]
]
<span class="traceContains">+error: this is an assert in mu</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
ASSERT<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;assert&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> ASSERT<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> ASSERT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">2</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'assert' takes exactly two ingredients rather than '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_original_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_mu_scalar<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'assert' requires a boolean for its first ingredient, but got '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_literal_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'assert' requires a literal string for its second ingredient, but got '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>original_string &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> ASSERT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>name &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="SalientComment">//:: 'cheating' by using the host system</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_PRINT<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$print&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _PRINT<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _PRINT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _PRINT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>is_literal<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
      trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9998</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;run&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;$print: &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
      <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>has_property<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">),</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;newline&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">))</span>
        cout &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
      <span class="Normal">else</span>
        cout &lt;&lt; current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
    <span class="Normal">else</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
      <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> j = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> j &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">));</span> ++j<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
        trace<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">9998</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;run&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;$print: &quot;</span> &lt;&lt; ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>j<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
        <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>j &gt; <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> cout &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
        cout &lt;&lt; no_scientific<span class="Delimiter">(</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">).</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>j<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
      <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
    <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  cout<span class="Delimiter">.</span>flush<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_EXIT<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$exit&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _EXIT<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _EXIT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _EXIT: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  exit<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_SYSTEM<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$system&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _SYSTEM<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _SYSTEM: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">)</span> != <span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'$system' requires exactly one ingredient, but got '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
    <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Normal">if</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span>!is_literal_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">.</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">)))</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    raise &lt;&lt; maybe<span class="Delimiter">(</span>get<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe<span class="Delimiter">,</span> r<span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;ingredient to '$system' must be a literal text, but got '&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; to_string<span class="Delimiter">(</span>inst<span class="Delimiter">)</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="Constant">&quot;'</span><span class="cSpecial">\n</span><span class="Constant">&quot;</span> &lt;&lt; end<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _SYSTEM: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Normal">int</span> status = system<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>name<span class="Delimiter">.</span>c_str<span class="Delimiter">());</span>
  products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>resize<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">1</span><span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  products<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">).</span>push_back<span class="Delimiter">(</span>status<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_DUMP_MEMORY<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$dump-memory&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _DUMP_MEMORY<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _DUMP_MEMORY: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _DUMP_MEMORY: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  dump_memory<span class="Delimiter">();</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: In times of real extremis we need to create a whole new modality for debug</span>
<span class="Comment">//: logs, independent of other changes to the screen or Trace_stream.</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Globals&quot;)</span>
ofstream LOG<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End One-time Setup&quot;)</span>
<span class="CommentedCode">//? LOG.open(&quot;log&quot;);</span>

<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_LOG<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$log&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _LOG<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _LOG: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _LOG: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  ostringstream out<span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Normal">for</span> <span class="Delimiter">(</span><span class="Normal">int</span> i = <span class="Constant">0</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span> i &lt; SIZE<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">);</span> ++i<span class="Delimiter">)</span> <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
    out &lt;&lt; print_mu<span class="Delimiter">(</span>current_instruction<span class="Delimiter">().</span>ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">),</span> ingredients<span class="Delimiter">.</span>at<span class="Delimiter">(</span>i<span class="Delimiter">));</span>
  <span class="Delimiter">}</span>
  LOG &lt;&lt; out<span class="Delimiter">.</span>str<span class="Delimiter">()</span> &lt;&lt; <span class="cSpecial">'\n'</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>

<span class="Comment">//: set a variable from within mu code</span>
<span class="Comment">//: useful for selectively tracing or printing after some point</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Globals&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">bool</span> Foo = <span class="Constant">false</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Declarations&quot;)</span>
_FOO<span class="Delimiter">,</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Numbers&quot;)</span>
put<span class="Delimiter">(</span>Recipe_ordinal<span class="Delimiter">,</span> <span class="Constant">&quot;$foo&quot;</span><span class="Delimiter">,</span> _FOO<span class="Delimiter">);</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Checks&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _FOO: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
<span class="Delimiter">:(before &quot;End Primitive Recipe Implementations&quot;)</span>
<span class="Normal">case</span> _FOO: <span class="Delimiter">{</span>
  Foo = <span class="Constant">true</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
  <span class="Identifier">break</span><span class="Delimiter">;</span>
<span class="Delimiter">}</span>
</pre>
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