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diff --git a/linux/reboot.html b/linux/reboot.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f8ab278 --- /dev/null +++ b/linux/reboot.html @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html dir="ltr" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset='utf-8'> + <title>1.3. Boot</title> + </head> + <body> + + <a href="index.html">GNU/Linux Index</a> + + <h1>1.3. Boot</h1> + + <p>Follow this instructions with active chroot, + first <a href="configure.html#chroot">mount partitions</a> + and before chroot mount follow file systems;</p> + + <pre> + $ sudo mount --bind /dev $CHROOT/dev + $ sudo mount -vt devpts devpts $CHROOT/dev/pts + $ sudo mount -vt tmpfs shm $CHROOT/dev/shm + $ sudo mount -vt proc proc $CHROOT/proc + $ sudo mount -vt sysfs sysfs $CHROOT/sys + </pre> + + <p>Now you can chroot;</p> + + <pre> + $ sudo chroot $CHROOT /usr/bin/env -i \ + HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \ + PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \ + /bin/bash --login + </pre> + + <h2 id="linux">1.3.1. Kernel</h2> + + <p>Install <a href="ports/linux-gnu">linux-gnu</a> port, + linux libre kernel is a true source based kernel that + respects your freedoms. Read <a href="linux.html">linux kernel</a> + for more information.</p> + + <p>Default crux configuration can be obtained from iso, + kernel port depend on <a href="reboot.html#dracut">dracut</a>, grub2 + and grub2-efi. You don't need them to build with pkgmk, to install + boot related tools use prt-get;</p> + + <pre> + $ prt-get depinst linux-gnu + </pre> + + <p>If you don't have the port binary package build it;</p> + + <pre> + # cd /usr/ports/machine-ports/linux-gnu + # pkgmk -d + </pre> + + <p>Install kernel;</p> + + <pre> + # pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/linux-gnu#4.9.86-2.pkg.tar.gz + </pre> + + <h2 id="dracut">1.3.2. Dracut</h2> + + <p>Install dracut;</p> + + <pre> + # cd /usr/ports/machine-ports/dracut + # pkgmk -d + # pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/dracut#044-2.pkg.tar.gz + </pre> + + <p>Review configuration file;</p> + + <pre> + # PUT YOUR CONFIG IN separate files + # in /etc/dracut.conf.d named "<name>.conf" + + # Equivalent to -H + hostonly="no" + + # Mount / and /usr read-only by default. + ro_mnt="no" + + # Equivalent to -m "module module module" + dracutmodules+="dash kernel-modules rootfs-block udev-rules usrmount base fs-lib shutdown" + + # Equivalent to -a "module" + add_dracutmodules+="caps debug" + + # Equivalent to -o "module" + #omit_dracutmodules+="systemd systemd-bootchart systemd-networkd systemd-initrd" + + # SEE man dracut.conf(5) for options + </pre> + + <p>Run dracut to create init ram filesystem for + port linux-blob kernel;</p> + + <pre> + # dracut --kver 4.9.86-gnu + </pre> + + <h2 id="grub">1.3.3. Grub</h2> + + <p>Create grub file in /etc/default/grub with values;</p> + + <pre> + GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=false + GRUB_ENABLE_LINUX_LABEL=false + </pre> + + <p><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub.html">Grub Manual</a>, + install grub on MBR of disk sdb;</p> + + <pre> + # grub-install /dev/sdb + Installation finished. No error reported. + </pre> + + <p>If you are installing on removable media;</p> + + <pre> + # grub-install --removable /dev/sdb + Installation finished. No error reported. + </pre> + + <p>grub-mkconfig generates grub.cfg, it will try to discover + available kernels and attempt to generate menu entries for + them;</p> + + <pre> + # grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg + Generating grub.cfg ... + Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.86-gnu + Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-4.9.86-gnu.img + done + # + </pre> + + <p>Check /boot/grub/grub.cfg, if is wrong add menu to + /etc/grub.d/40_custom, replace correct partition from grub-prob + output and correct UUID from fstab or blkid</p> + + <pre> + # grub-probe --target=hints_string / + </pre> + + <h3>1.3.3.1. Rescue iso</h3> + + <p>Simple way to have "resque" system is to mount boot as read only, + this assures that even as root nothing can be changed without remount. + To have different system independent from host grub will have entry to + boot small iso on /boot partition;</p> + + <p>Crux iso is not used because at the moment it fails to + find "crux-media" during or after init.</p> + + <pre> + $ wget http://ftp.nluug.nl/os/Linux/distr/tinycorelinux/7.x/x86/release/CorePlus-current.iso + $ sudo mv CorePlus-current.iso /boot/tinycore.iso + </pre> + + <p>Edit /etc/grub.d/40_custom</p> + + <pre> + + menuentry "Rescue" { + load_video + set gfxpayload=keep + + set isofile="/tinycore.iso" + loopback loop $isofile + linux (loop)/boot/vmlinuz64 loglevel=3 cde + initrd (loop)/boot/corepure64.gz + } + </pre> + + <h2 id="recover">1.3.4. Recover</h2> + + <h3>Root password</h3> + + <p>On grub boot menu press e to edit boot options, change;</p> + + <pre> + linux /vmlinuz-4.9.92-gnu root=UUID=3bab76f8-e714-45f1-8e30-04cc8a09c3d1 ro single + </pre> + + <p>to;</p> + + <pre> + linux /vmlinuz-4.9.92-gnu root=UUID=3bab76f8-e714-45f1-8e30-04cc8a09c3d1 ro init=/bin/bash + </pre> + + <p>Boot and mount;</p> + + <pre> + # mount -a + # mount -o remount,rw / + # passwd root + # mount -o remount,ro / + # sync + </pre> + + <p>Reboot computer using power / reset.</p> + + <h2 id="checkup">1.3.5. Checkup</h2> + + <p>If you have qemu installed you can see if it boots, in this + example sdb is usb external drive;</p> + + <pre> + # qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-linux -initrd /boot/initramfs-linux.img -append root=/dev/sdb /dev/sdb2 + </pre> + + <h3>Debug Grub</h3> + + <h3>Debug initram</h3> + + <pre> + /usr/lib/dracut/skipcpio /boot/initramfs-4.9.86-gnu.img | gunzip -c | cpio -i -d + 36875 blocks + </pre> + + <a href="index.html">GNU/Linux Index</a> + <p>This is part of the LeetIO System Documentation. + Copyright (C) 2021 + LeetIO Team. + See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a> + for copying conditions.</p> + </body> +</html> |