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# # # Nim's Runtime Library # (c) Copyright 2015 Andreas Rumpf # # See the file "copying.txt", included in this # distribution, for details about the copyright. # ## This module contains procs for `serialization`:idx: and `deserialization`:idx: ## of arbitrary Nim data structures. The serialization format uses `JSON`:idx:. ## ## **Restriction:** For objects, their type is **not** serialized. This means ## essentially that it does not work if the object has some other runtime ## type than its compiletime type. ## ## ## Basic usage ## =========== ## runnableExamples: type A = object of RootObj B = object of A f: int let a: ref A = new(B) assert $$a[] == "{}" # not "{f: 0}" # unmarshal let c = to[B]("""{"f": 2}""") assert typeof(c) is B assert c.f == 2 # marshal assert $$c == """{"f": 2}""" ## **Note:** The `to` and `$$` operations are available at compile-time! ## ## ## See also ## ======== ## * `streams module <streams.html>`_ ## * `json module <json.html>`_ const unsupportedPlatform = when defined(js): "javascript" elif defined(nimscript): "nimscript" else: "" when unsupportedPlatform != "": {.error: "marshal module is not supported in " & unsupportedPlatform & """. Please use alternative packages for serialization. It is possible to reimplement this module using generics and type traits. Please contribute a new implementation.""".} import std/[streams, typeinfo, json, intsets, tables, unicode] proc ptrToInt(x: pointer): int {.inline.} = result = cast[int](x) # don't skip alignment proc storeAny(s: Stream, a: Any, stored: var IntSet) = case a.kind of akNone: assert false of akBool: s.write($getBool(a)) of akChar: let ch = getChar(a) if ch < '\128': s.write(escapeJson($ch)) else: s.write($int(ch)) of akArray, akSequence: s.write("[") for i in 0 .. a.len-1: if i > 0: s.write(", ") storeAny(s, a[i], stored) s.write("]") of akObject, akTuple: s.write("{") var i = 0 for key, val in fields(a): if i > 0: s.write(", ") s.write(escapeJson(key)) s.write(": ") storeAny(s, val, stored) inc(i) s.write("}") of akSet: s.write("[") var i = 0 for e in elements(a): if i > 0: s.write(", ") s.write($e) inc(i) s.write("]") of akRange: storeAny(s, skipRange(a), stored) of akEnum: s.write(getEnumField(a).escapeJson) of akPtr, akRef: var x = a.getPointer if isNil(x): s.write("null") elif stored.containsOrIncl(x.ptrToInt): # already stored, so we simply write out the pointer as an int: s.write($x.ptrToInt) else: # else as a [value, key] pair: # (reversed order for convenient x[0] access!) s.write("[") s.write($x.ptrToInt) s.write(", ") storeAny(s, a[], stored) s.write("]") of akProc, akPointer, akCString: s.write($a.getPointer.ptrToInt) of akString: var x = getString(a) if x.validateUtf8() == -1: s.write(escapeJson(x)) else: s.write("[") var i = 0 for c in x: if i > 0: s.write(", ") s.write($ord(c)) inc(i) s.write("]") of akInt..akInt64, akUInt..akUInt64: s.write($getBiggestInt(a)) of akFloat..akFloat128: s.write($getBiggestFloat(a)) proc loadAny(p: var JsonParser, a: Any, t: var Table[BiggestInt, pointer]) = case a.kind of akNone: assert false of akBool: case p.kind of jsonFalse: setBiggestInt(a, 0) of jsonTrue: setBiggestInt(a, 1) else: raiseParseErr(p, "'true' or 'false' expected for a bool") next(p) of akChar: if p.kind == jsonString: var x = p.str if x.len == 1: setBiggestInt(a, ord(x[0])) next(p) return elif p.kind == jsonInt: setBiggestInt(a, getInt(p)) next(p) return raiseParseErr(p, "string of length 1 expected for a char") of akEnum: if p.kind == jsonString: setBiggestInt(a, getEnumOrdinal(a, p.str)) next(p) return raiseParseErr(p, "string expected for an enum") of akArray: if p.kind != jsonArrayStart: raiseParseErr(p, "'[' expected for an array") next(p) var i = 0 while p.kind != jsonArrayEnd and p.kind != jsonEof: loadAny(p, a[i], t) inc(i) if p.kind == jsonArrayEnd: next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "']' end of array expected") of akSequence: case p.kind of jsonNull: setPointer(a, nil) next(p) of jsonArrayStart: next(p) invokeNewSeq(a, 0) var i = 0 while p.kind != jsonArrayEnd and p.kind != jsonEof: extendSeq(a) loadAny(p, a[i], t) inc(i) if p.kind == jsonArrayEnd: next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "") else: raiseParseErr(p, "'[' expected for a seq") of akObject, akTuple: if a.kind == akObject: setObjectRuntimeType(a) if p.kind != jsonObjectStart: raiseParseErr(p, "'{' expected for an object") next(p) while p.kind != jsonObjectEnd and p.kind != jsonEof: if p.kind != jsonString: raiseParseErr(p, "string expected for a field name") var fieldName = p.str next(p) loadAny(p, a[fieldName], t) if p.kind == jsonObjectEnd: next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "'}' end of object expected") of akSet: if p.kind != jsonArrayStart: raiseParseErr(p, "'[' expected for a set") next(p) while p.kind != jsonArrayEnd and p.kind != jsonEof: if p.kind != jsonInt: raiseParseErr(p, "int expected for a set") inclSetElement(a, p.getInt.int) next(p) if p.kind == jsonArrayEnd: next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "']' end of array expected") of akPtr, akRef: case p.kind of jsonNull: setPointer(a, nil) next(p) of jsonInt: setPointer(a, t.getOrDefault(p.getInt)) next(p) of jsonArrayStart: next(p) if a.kind == akRef: invokeNew(a) else: setPointer(a, alloc0(a.baseTypeSize)) if p.kind == jsonInt: t[p.getInt] = getPointer(a) next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "index for ref type expected") loadAny(p, a[], t) if p.kind == jsonArrayEnd: next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "']' end of ref-address pair expected") else: raiseParseErr(p, "int for pointer type expected") of akProc, akPointer, akCString: case p.kind of jsonNull: setPointer(a, nil) next(p) of jsonInt: setPointer(a, cast[pointer](p.getInt.int)) next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "int for pointer type expected") of akString: case p.kind of jsonNull: setPointer(a, nil) next(p) of jsonString: setString(a, p.str) next(p) of jsonArrayStart: next(p) var str = "" while p.kind == jsonInt: let code = p.getInt() if code < 0 or code > 255: raiseParseErr(p, "invalid charcode: " & $code) str.add(chr(code)) next(p) if p.kind == jsonArrayEnd: next(p) else: raiseParseErr(p, "an array of charcodes expected for string") setString(a, str) else: raiseParseErr(p, "string expected") of akInt..akInt64, akUInt..akUInt64: if p.kind == jsonInt: setBiggestInt(a, getInt(p)) next(p) return raiseParseErr(p, "int expected") of akFloat..akFloat128: if p.kind == jsonFloat: setBiggestFloat(a, getFloat(p)) next(p) return raiseParseErr(p, "float expected") of akRange: loadAny(p, a.skipRange, t) proc loadAny(s: Stream, a: Any, t: var Table[BiggestInt, pointer]) = var p: JsonParser open(p, s, "unknown file") next(p) loadAny(p, a, t) close(p) proc load*[T](s: Stream, data: var T) = ## Loads `data` from the stream `s`. Raises `IOError` in case of an error. runnableExamples: import std/streams var s = newStringStream("[1, 3, 5]") var a: array[3, int] load(s, a) assert a == [1, 3, 5] var tab = initTable[BiggestInt, pointer]() loadAny(s, toAny(data), tab) proc store*[T](s: Stream, data: T) = ## Stores `data` into the stream `s`. Raises `IOError` in case of an error. runnableExamples: import std/streams var s = newStringStream("") var a = [1, 3, 5] store(s, a) s.setPosition(0) assert s.readAll() == "[1, 3, 5]" var stored = initIntSet() var d: T shallowCopy(d, data) storeAny(s, toAny(d), stored) proc `$$`*[T](x: T): string = ## Returns a string representation of `x` (serialization, marshalling). ## ## **Note:** to serialize `x` to JSON use `%x` from the `json` module ## or `jsonutils.toJson(x)`. runnableExamples: type Foo = object id: int bar: string let x = Foo(id: 1, bar: "baz") ## serialize: let y = $$x assert y == """{"id": 1, "bar": "baz"}""" var stored = initIntSet() var d: T shallowCopy(d, x) var s = newStringStream() storeAny(s, toAny(d), stored) result = s.data proc to*[T](data: string): T = ## Reads data and transforms it to a type `T` (deserialization, unmarshalling). runnableExamples: type Foo = object id: int bar: string let y = """{"id": 1, "bar": "baz"}""" assert typeof(y) is string ## deserialize to type 'Foo': let z = y.to[:Foo] assert typeof(z) is Foo assert z.id == 1 assert z.bar == "baz" var tab = initTable[BiggestInt, pointer]() loadAny(newStringStream(data), toAny(result), tab)


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