# Mu: a human-scale computer
Mu is a minimal-dependency hobbyist computing stack (everything above the
processor and OS kernel).
Mu is not designed to operate in large clusters providing services for
millions of people. Mu is designed for _you_, to run one computer. (Or a few.)
Running the code you want to run, and nothing else.
```sh
$ git clone https://github.com/akkartik/mu
$ cd mu
$ ./translate_mu apps/ex2.mu # emit a.elf
$ ./a.elf # adds 3 and 4
$ echo $?
7
```
[![Build Status](https://api.travis-ci.org/akkartik/mu.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/akkartik/mu)
Rather than start from some syntax and introduce layers of translation to
implement it, Mu starts from the processor's instruction set and tries to get
to _some_ safe and clear syntax with as few layers of translation as possible.
The emphasis is on internal consistency at any point in time rather than
compatibility with the past. ([More details.](http://akkartik.name/akkartik-convivial-20200607.pdf))
Currently Mu requires a 32-bit x86 processor and Linux kernel.
## Goals
In priority order:
- [Reward curiosity.](http://akkartik.name/about)
- Easy to build, easy to run. [Minimal dependencies](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16882140#16882555),
so that installation is always painless.
- All design decisions comprehensible to a single individual. (On demand.)
- All design decisions comprehensible without needing to talk to anyone.
(I always love talking to you, but I try hard to make myself redundant.)
- [A globally comprehensible _codebase_ rather than locally clean code.](http://akkartik.name/post/readable-bad)
- Clear error messages over expressive syntax.
- Safe.
- Thorough test coverage. If you break something you should immediately see
an error message. If you can manually test for something you should be
able to write an automated test for it.
- Memory leaks over memory corruption.
- Teach the computer bottom-up.
## Non-goals
- Speed. Staying close to machine code should naturally keep Mu fast enough.
- Efficiency. Controlling the number of abstractions should naturally keep Mu
using far less than the gigabytes of memory modern computers have.
- Portability. Mu will run on any computer as long as it's x86. I will
enthusiastically contribute to support for other processors -- in separate
forks. Readers shouldn't have to think about processors they don't have.
- Compatibility. The goal is to get off mainstream stacks, not to perpetuate
them. Sometimes the right long-term solution is to [bump the major version number](http://akkartik.name/post/versioning).
- Syntax. Mu code is meant to be comprehended by [running, not just reading](http://akkartik.name/post/comprehension).
For now it's a thin veneer over machine code. I'm working on memory safety
before expressive syntax.
## Toolchain
The Mu stack consists of:
- the Mu type-safe language;
- SubX, an unsafe notation for a subset of x86 machine code; and
- _bare_ SubX, a more rudimentary form of SubX without certain syntax sugar.
All Mu programs get translated through these layers into tiny zero-dependency
ELF binaries. The translators for most levels are built out of lower levels.
The translator from Mu to SubX is written in SubX, and the translator from
SubX to bare SubX is built in bare SubX.
Mu programs can be run in emulated mode to emit traces, which permit time-travel
debugging. ([More details.](subx_debugging.md))
### incomplete tools
The Mu translator is still a work in progress; not all incorrect programs
result in good error messages.
Once generated, ELF binaries can be packaged up with a Linux kernel into a
bootable disk image:
```sh
$ ./translate_mu apps/ex2.mu # emit a.elf
# dependencies
$ sudo apt install build-essential flex bison wget libelf-dev libssl-dev xorriso
$ tools/iso/linux a.elf
$ qemu-system-x86_64 -m 256M -cdrom mu_linux.iso -boot d
```
The disk image also runs on [any cloud server that supports custom images](http://akkartik.name/post/iso-on-linode).
Mu also runs on the minimal hobbyist OS [Soso](https://github.com/ozkl/soso).
(Requires graphics and sudo access. Currently doesn't work on a cloud server.)
```sh
$ ./translate_mu apps/ex2.mu # emit a.elf
# dependencies
$ sudo apt install build-essential util-linux nasm xorriso # maybe also dosfstools and mtools
$ tools/iso/soso a.elf # requires sudo
$ qemu-system-i386 -cdrom mu_soso.iso
```pre { line-height: 125%; }
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td.linenos .special { color: #000000; background-color: #ffffc0; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; }
span.linenos.special { color: #000000; background-color: #ffffc0; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; }
.highlight .hll { background-color: #ffffcc }
.highlight .c { color: #888888 } /* Comment */
.highlight .err { color: #a61717; background-color: #e3d2d2 } /* Error */
.highlight .k { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword */
.highlight .ch { color: #888888 } /* Comment.Hashbang */
.highlight .cm { color: #888888 } /* Comment.Multiline */
.highlight .cp { color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold } /* Comment.Preproc */
.highlight .cpf { color: #888888 } /* Comment.PreprocFile */
.highlight .c1 { color: #888888 } /* Comment.Single */
.highlight .cs { color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Comment.Special */
.highlight .gd { color: #000000; background-color: #ffdddd } /* Generic.Deleted */
.highlight .ge { font-style: italic } /* Generic.Emph */
.highlight .ges { font-weight: bold; font-style: italic } /* Generic.EmphStrong */
.highlight .gr { color: #aa0000 } /* Generic.Error */
.highlight .gh { color: #333333 } /* Generic.Heading */
.highlight .gi { color: #000000; background-color: #ddffdd } /* Generic.Inserted */
.highlight .go { color: #888888 } /* Generic.Output */
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.highlight .gs { font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Strong */
.highlight .gu { color: #666666 } /* Generic.Subheading */
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.highlight .kn { color: #008800; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Namespace */
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.highlight .kt { color: #888888; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Type */
.highlight .m { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number */
.highlight .s { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String */
.highlight .na { color: #336699 } /* Name.Attribute */
.highlight .nb { color: #003388 } /* Name.Builtin */
.highlight .nc { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Class */
.highlight .no { color: #003366; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Constant */
.highlight .nd { color: #555555 } /* Name.Decorator */
.highlight .ne { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Exception */
.highlight .nf { color: #0066bb; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Function */
.highlight .nl { color: #336699; font-style: italic } /* Name.Label */
.highlight .nn { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Namespace */
.highlight .py { color: #336699; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Property */
.highlight .nt { color: #bb0066; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Tag */
.highlight .nv { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable */
.highlight .ow { color: #008800 } /* Operator.Word */
.highlight .w { color: #bbbbbb } /* Text.Whitespace */
.highlight .mb { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Bin */
.highlight .mf { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Float */
.highlight .mh { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Hex */
.highlight .mi { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Integer */
.highlight .mo { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Oct */
.highlight .sa { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Affix */
.highlight .sb { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Backtick */
.highlight .sc { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Char */
.highlight .dl { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Delimiter */
.highlight .sd { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Doc */
.highlight .s2 { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Double */
.highlight .se { color: #0044dd; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Escape */
.highlight .sh { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Heredoc */
.highlight .si { color: #3333bb; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Interpol */
.highlight .sx { color: #22bb22; background-color: #f0fff0 } /* Literal.String.Other */
.highlight .sr { color: #008800; background-color: #fff0ff } /* Literal.String.Regex */
.highlight .s1 { color: #dd2200; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Single */
.highlight .ss { color: #aa6600; background-color: #fff0f0 } /* Literal.String.Symbol */
.highlight .bp { color: #003388 } /* Name.Builtin.Pseudo */
.highlight .fm { color: #0066bb; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Function.Magic */
.highlight .vc { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable.Class */
.highlight .vg { color: #dd7700 } /* Name.Variable.Global */
.highlight .vi { color: #3333bb } /* Name.Variable.Instance */
.highlight .vm { color: #336699 } /* Name.Variable.Magic */
.highlight .il { color: #0000DD; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.Number.Integer.Long *///+build notmuch
package notmuch
import (
"bufio"
"fmt"
"net/url"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"time"
"git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/config"
"git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/lib/uidstore"
"git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/models"
"git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/worker/handlers"
"git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/worker/lib"
notmuch "git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/worker/notmuch/lib"
"git.sr.ht/~sircmpwn/aerc/worker/types"
"github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir"
)
func init() {
handlers.RegisterWorkerFactory("notmuch", NewWorker)
}
var errUnsupported = fmt.Errorf("unsupported command")
const backgroundRefreshDelay = 1 * time.Minute
type worker struct {
w *types.Worker
nmEvents chan eventType
query string
currentQueryName string
uidStore *uidstore.Store
nameQueryMap map[string]string
db *notmuch.DB
setupErr error
currentSortCriteria []*types.SortCriterion
}
// NewWorker creates a new notmuch worker with the provided worker.
func NewWorker(w *types.Worker) (types.Backend, error) {
events := make(chan eventType, 20)
return &worker{w: w,
nmEvents: events}, nil
}
// Run starts the worker's message handling loop.
func (w *worker) Run() {
for {
select {
case action := <-w.w.Actions:
msg := w.w.ProcessAction(action)
if err := w.handleMessage(msg); err == errUnsupported {
w.w.PostMessage(&types.Unsupported{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
}, nil)
w.w.Logger.Printf("ProcessAction(%T) unsupported: %v", msg, err)
} else if err != nil {
w.w.PostMessage(&types.Error{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
Error: err,
}, nil)
w.w.Logger.Printf("ProcessAction(%T) failure: %v", msg, err)
}
case nmEvent := <-w.nmEvents:
err := w.handleNotmuchEvent(nmEvent)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("notmuch event failure: %v", err)
}
}
}
}
func (w *worker) done(msg types.WorkerMessage) {
w.w.PostMessage(&types.Done{types.RespondTo(msg)}, nil)
}
func (w *worker) err(msg types.WorkerMessage, err error) {
w.w.PostMessage(&types.Error{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
Error: err,
}, nil)
}
func (w *worker) handleMessage(msg types.WorkerMessage) error {
if w.setupErr != nil {
// only configure can recover from a config error, bail for everything else
_, isConfigure := msg.(*types.Configure)
if !isConfigure {
return w.setupErr
}
}
switch msg := msg.(type) {
case *types.Unsupported:
// No-op
case *types.Configure:
return w.handleConfigure(msg)
case *types.Connect:
return w.handleConnect(msg)
case *types.ListDirectories:
return w.handleListDirectories(msg)
case *types.OpenDirectory:
return w.handleOpenDirectory(msg)
case *types.FetchDirectoryContents:
return w.handleFetchDirectoryContents(msg)
case *types.FetchMessageHeaders:
return w.handleFetchMessageHeaders(msg)
case *types.FetchMessageBodyPart:
return w.handleFetchMessageBodyPart(msg)
case *types.FetchFullMessages:
return w.handleFetchFullMessages(msg)
case *types.FlagMessages:
return w.handleFlagMessages(msg)
case *types.AnsweredMessages:
return w.handleAnsweredMessages(msg)
case *types.SearchDirectory:
return w.handleSearchDirectory(msg)
case *types.ModifyLabels:
return w.handleModifyLabels(msg)
// not implemented, they are generally not used
// in a notmuch based workflow
// case *types.DeleteMessages:
// case *types.CopyMessages:
// return w.handleCopyMessages(msg)
// case *types.AppendMessage:
// return w.handleAppendMessage(msg)
// case *types.CreateDirectory:
// return w.handleCreateDirectory(msg)
// case *types.RemoveDirectory:
// return w.handleRemoveDirectory(msg)
}
return errUnsupported
}
func (w *worker) handleConfigure(msg *types.Configure) error {
var err error
defer func() {
if err == nil {
w.setupErr = nil
return
}
w.setupErr = fmt.Errorf("notmuch: %v", err)
}()
u, err := url.Parse(msg.Config.Source)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("error configuring notmuch worker: %v", err)
return err
}
home, err := homedir.Expand(u.Hostname())
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("could not resolve home directory: %v", err)
}
pathToDB := filepath.Join(home, u.Path)
w.uidStore = uidstore.NewStore()
err = w.loadQueryMap(msg.Config)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("could not load query map configuration: %v", err)
}
excludedTags := w.loadExcludeTags(msg.Config)
w.db = notmuch.NewDB(pathToDB, excludedTags, w.w.Logger)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleConnect(msg *types.Connect) error {
err := w.db.Connect()
if err != nil {
return err
}
w.done(msg)
w.emitLabelList()
go func() {
for {
w.nmEvents <- &updateDirCounts{}
time.Sleep(backgroundRefreshDelay)
}
}()
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleListDirectories(msg *types.ListDirectories) error {
for name := range w.nameQueryMap {
w.w.PostMessage(&types.Directory{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
Dir: &models.Directory{
Name: name,
Attributes: []string{},
},
}, nil)
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) gatherDirectoryInfo(name string, query string) (
*types.DirectoryInfo, error) {
count, err := w.db.QueryCountMessages(query)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
info := &types.DirectoryInfo{
Info: &models.DirectoryInfo{
Name: name,
Flags: []string{},
ReadOnly: false,
// total messages
Exists: count.Exists,
// new messages since mailbox was last opened
Recent: 0,
// total unread
Unseen: count.Unread,
AccurateCounts: true,
},
}
return info, nil
}
func (w *worker) emitDirectoryInfo(name string) error {
query := w.queryFromName(name)
info, err := w.gatherDirectoryInfo(name, query)
if err != nil {
return err
}
w.w.PostMessage(info, nil)
return nil
}
//queryFromName either returns the friendly ID if aliased or the name itself
//assuming it to be the query
func (w *worker) queryFromName(name string) string {
// try the friendly name first, if that fails assume it's a query
q, ok := w.nameQueryMap[name]
if !ok {
return name
}
return q
}
func (w *worker) handleOpenDirectory(msg *types.OpenDirectory) error {
w.w.Logger.Printf("opening %s", msg.Directory)
// try the friendly name first, if that fails assume it's a query
w.query = w.queryFromName(msg.Directory)
w.currentQueryName = msg.Directory
info, err := w.gatherDirectoryInfo(msg.Directory, w.query)
if err != nil {
return err
}
info.Message = types.RespondTo(msg)
//TODO: why does this need to be sent twice??
w.w.PostMessage(info, nil)
w.w.PostMessage(info, nil)
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleFetchDirectoryContents(
msg *types.FetchDirectoryContents) error {
w.currentSortCriteria = msg.SortCriteria
err := w.emitDirectoryContents(msg)
if err != nil {
return err
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleFetchMessageHeaders(
msg *types.FetchMessageHeaders) error {
for _, uid := range msg.Uids {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(uid)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message: %v", err)
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
err = w.emitMessageInfo(m, msg)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(err.Error())
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) uidsFromQuery(query string) ([]uint32, error) {
msgIDs, err := w.db.MsgIDsFromQuery(query)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var uids []uint32
for _, id := range msgIDs {
uid := w.uidStore.GetOrInsert(id)
uids = append(uids, uid)
}
return uids, nil
}
func (w *worker) msgFromUid(uid uint32) (*Message, error) {
key, ok := w.uidStore.GetKey(uid)
if !ok {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid uid: %v", uid)
}
msg := &Message{
key: key,
uid: uid,
db: w.db,
}
return msg, nil
}
func (w *worker) handleFetchMessageBodyPart(
msg *types.FetchMessageBodyPart) error {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(msg.Uid)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message %d: %v", msg.Uid, err)
return err
}
r, err := m.NewBodyPartReader(msg.Part)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(
"could not get body part reader for message=%d, parts=%#v: %v",
msg.Uid, msg.Part, err)
return err
}
w.w.PostMessage(&types.MessageBodyPart{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
Part: &models.MessageBodyPart{
Reader: r,
Uid: msg.Uid,
},
}, nil)
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleFetchFullMessages(msg *types.FetchFullMessages) error {
for _, uid := range msg.Uids {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(uid)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message %d: %v", uid, err)
return err
}
r, err := m.NewReader()
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message reader: %v", err)
return err
}
w.w.PostMessage(&types.FullMessage{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
Content: &models.FullMessage{
Uid: uid,
Reader: r,
},
}, nil)
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleAnsweredMessages(msg *types.AnsweredMessages) error {
for _, uid := range msg.Uids {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(uid)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message: %v", err)
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
if err := m.MarkAnswered(msg.Answered); err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not mark message as answered: %v", err)
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
err = w.emitMessageInfo(m, msg)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(err.Error())
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
}
if err := w.emitDirectoryInfo(w.currentQueryName); err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(err.Error())
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleFlagMessages(msg *types.FlagMessages) error {
for _, uid := range msg.Uids {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(uid)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message: %v", err)
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
if err := m.SetFlag(msg.Flag, msg.Enable); err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not set flag %v as %v for message: %v", msg.Flag, msg.Enable, err)
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
err = w.emitMessageInfo(m, msg)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(err.Error())
w.err(msg, err)
continue
}
}
if err := w.emitDirectoryInfo(w.currentQueryName); err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(err.Error())
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleSearchDirectory(msg *types.SearchDirectory) error {
// the first item is the command (search / filter)
s := strings.Join(msg.Argv[1:], " ")
// we only want to search in the current query, so merge the two together
search := fmt.Sprintf("(%v) and (%v)", w.query, s)
uids, err := w.uidsFromQuery(search)
if err != nil {
return err
}
w.w.PostMessage(&types.SearchResults{
Message: types.RespondTo(msg),
Uids: uids,
}, nil)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) handleModifyLabels(msg *types.ModifyLabels) error {
for _, uid := range msg.Uids {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(uid)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("could not get message from uid %v: %v", uid, err)
}
err = m.ModifyTags(msg.Add, msg.Remove)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("could not modify message tags: %v", err)
}
err = w.emitMessageInfo(m, msg)
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
// tags changed, most probably some messages shifted to other folders
// so we need to re-enumerate the query content
err := w.emitDirectoryContents(msg)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// and update the list of possible tags
w.emitLabelList()
if err = w.emitDirectoryInfo(w.currentQueryName); err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf(err.Error())
}
w.done(msg)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) loadQueryMap(acctConfig *config.AccountConfig) error {
raw, ok := acctConfig.Params["query-map"]
if !ok {
// nothing to do
return nil
}
file, err := homedir.Expand(raw)
if err != nil {
return err
}
f, err := os.Open(file)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer f.Close()
w.nameQueryMap = make(map[string]string)
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
for scanner.Scan() {
line := scanner.Text()
if line == "" || line[0] == '#' {
continue
}
split := strings.SplitN(line, "=", 2)
if len(split) != 2 {
return fmt.Errorf("%v: invalid line %q, want name=query", file, line)
}
w.nameQueryMap[split[0]] = split[1]
}
return nil
}
func (w *worker) loadExcludeTags(
acctConfig *config.AccountConfig) []string {
raw, ok := acctConfig.Params["exclude-tags"]
if !ok {
// nothing to do
return nil
}
excludedTags := strings.Split(raw, ",")
for idx, tag := range excludedTags {
excludedTags[idx] = strings.Trim(tag, " ")
}
return excludedTags
}
func (w *worker) emitDirectoryContents(parent types.WorkerMessage) error {
uids, err := w.uidsFromQuery(w.query)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("could not fetch uids: %v", err)
}
sortedUids, err := w.sort(uids, w.currentSortCriteria)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("error sorting directory: %v", err)
return err
}
w.w.PostMessage(&types.DirectoryContents{
Message: types.RespondTo(parent),
Uids: sortedUids,
}, nil)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) emitMessageInfo(m *Message,
parent types.WorkerMessage) error {
info, err := m.MessageInfo()
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("could not get MessageInfo: %v", err)
}
w.w.PostMessage(&types.MessageInfo{
Message: types.RespondTo(parent),
Info: info,
}, nil)
return nil
}
func (w *worker) emitLabelList() {
tags, err := w.db.ListTags()
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not load tags: %v", err)
return
}
w.w.PostMessage(&types.LabelList{Labels: tags}, nil)
}
func (w *worker) sort(uids []uint32,
criteria []*types.SortCriterion) ([]uint32, error) {
if len(criteria) == 0 {
return uids, nil
}
var msgInfos []*models.MessageInfo
for _, uid := range uids {
m, err := w.msgFromUid(uid)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message: %v", err)
continue
}
info, err := m.MessageInfo()
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not get message info: %v", err)
continue
}
msgInfos = append(msgInfos, info)
}
sortedUids, err := lib.Sort(msgInfos, criteria)
if err != nil {
w.w.Logger.Printf("could not sort the messages: %v", err)
return nil, err
}
return sortedUids, nil
}