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diff --git a/bash/talk-to-computer/corpus/science/physics_basics.txt b/bash/talk-to-computer/corpus/science/physics_basics.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ae092b --- /dev/null +++ b/bash/talk-to-computer/corpus/science/physics_basics.txt @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +PHYSICS BASICS - Core Concepts and Principles + +CLASSICAL MECHANICS +================== + +Newton's Laws of Motion: +1. An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. (Inertia) + +2. Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma) + +3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. + +Key Equations: +- Distance: d = vt (constant velocity) +- Velocity: v = v0 + at (constant acceleration) +- Distance with acceleration: d = v0t + (1/2)at² +- Momentum: p = mv +- Kinetic Energy: KE = (1/2)mv² +- Potential Energy: PE = mgh + +ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM +========================= + +Basic Concepts: +- Charge: Fundamental property of matter (positive/negative) +- Electric field: Force per unit charge +- Current: Rate of charge flow (I = Q/t) +- Voltage: Electric potential difference (V = IR) +- Resistance: Opposition to current flow + +Key Equations: +- Ohm's Law: V = IR +- Power: P = IV = I²R = V²/R +- Energy: E = Pt = VIt + +THERMODYNAMICS +============= + +Laws of Thermodynamics: +1. Energy conservation - energy cannot be created or destroyed +2. Entropy always increases in isolated systems +3. Absolute zero is unattainable +4. Entropy and temperature relationship + +Key Concepts: +- Heat transfer: Conduction, convection, radiation +- Specific heat capacity: Energy required to change temperature +- Phase changes: Melting, freezing, boiling, condensation +- Ideal gas law: PV = nRT + +QUANTUM PHYSICS +============== + +Core Principles: +- Wave-particle duality: Particles can exhibit wave-like behavior +- Uncertainty principle: Cannot know both position and momentum precisely +- Quantization: Energy levels are discrete, not continuous +- Superposition: Quantum systems can exist in multiple states + +Key Equations: +- Energy of photon: E = hf (h = Planck's constant) +- de Broglie wavelength: λ = h/p +- Heisenberg uncertainty: ΔxΔp ≥ h/4π + +MODERN PHYSICS +============= + +Special Relativity: +- Speed of light is constant for all observers +- Time dilation: Moving clocks run slower +- Length contraction: Moving objects appear shorter +- Mass-energy equivalence: E = mc² + +General Relativity: +- Gravity as curvature of spacetime +- Equivalence principle: Gravitational and inertial mass are identical +- Black holes and gravitational waves + +PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS +==================== + +Real-world Physics: +- Engineering: Bridges, buildings, vehicles +- Medicine: Imaging, radiation therapy, medical devices +- Technology: Computers, smartphones, satellites +- Energy: Solar panels, wind turbines, nuclear power + +Measurement Units: +- Length: meter (m) +- Mass: kilogram (kg) +- Time: second (s) +- Force: newton (N) = kg·m/s² +- Energy: joule (J) = N·m +- Power: watt (W) = J/s |