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Baba Yaga you call functions by putting them next to each other.</p> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* + JavaScript: f(x, y) + Baba Yaga: f x y +*/ +</code></pre> +<h2>Basic Examples</h2> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Simple function calls */ +add 5 3; /* Instead of add(5, 3) */ +multiply 4 7; /* Instead of multiply(4, 7) */ +subtract 10 3; /* Instead of subtract(10, 3) */ + +/* Function calls with tables */ +/* ...we'll talk more about @ in a bit */ +map @double {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; +filter @is_even {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}; +reduce @add 0 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; +</code></pre> +<h2>How It Works</h2> +<p>The parser automatically translates juxtaposition into nested calls to <code>apply</code>, so that</p> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* f x y becomes: apply(apply(f, x), y) */ +/* map double {1, 2, 3} becomes: apply(apply(map, double), {1, 2, 3}) */ +</code></pre> +<h2>Precedence Rules</h2> +<p>Juxtaposition has lower precedence than operators,</p> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>result : add 5 multiply 3 4; +/* Parsed as: add 5 (multiply 3 4) */ +/* Result: 5 + (3 * 4) = 17 */ +/* Not as: (add 5 multiply) 3 4 */ +</code></pre> +<p>With Baba Yaga you'll use juxtaposition when you</p> +<ul> +<li>call functions with arguments</li> +<li>build function composition chains</li> +<li>work with combinators like <code>map</code>, <code>filter</code>, <code>reduce</code></li> +</ul> +<p>You won't use it, exactly, when you are</p> +<ul> +<li>defining functions (use <code>:</code> and <code>-></code>)</li> +<li>assigning values (use <code>:</code>)</li> +<li>using operators (use <code>+</code>, <code>-</code>, <code>*</code>, etc.)</li> +</ul> +<h2>Common Patterns</h2> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Data processing pipeline */ +data : {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}; +is_even : x -> x % 2 = 0; +double : x -> x * 2; +sum : x -> reduce add 0 x; + +/* Pipeline using juxtaposition */ +result : sum map double filter is_even data; +/* Reads: sum (map double (filter is_even data)) */ +/* Result: 60 */ +</code></pre> +<h2>Using Parentheses for Control</h2> +<p>Juxtaposition eliminates the need for parentheses in most cases, parentheses are available for when you need explicit control over precedence or grouping.</p> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Without parentheses - left-associative */ +result1 : add 5 multiply 3 4; +/* Parsed as: add 5 (multiply 3 4) */ +/* Result: 5 + (3 * 4) = 17 */ + +/* With parentheses - explicit grouping */ +result2 : add (add 1 2) (multiply 3 4); +/* Explicitly: (1 + 2) + (3 * 4) = 3 + 12 = 15 */ + +/* Complex nested operations */ +result3 : map double (filter is_even (map increment {1, 2, 3, 4, 5})); +/* Step by step: + 1. map increment {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} → {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} + 2. filter is_even {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} → {2, 4, 6} + 3. map double {2, 4, 6} → {4, 8, 12} +*/ + +/* Hard to read without parentheses */ +complex : map double filter is_even map increment {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; + +/* Much clearer with parentheses */ +complex : map double (filter is_even (map increment {1, 2, 3, 4, 5})); + +/* Or break it into steps for maximum clarity */ +step1 : map increment {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; +step2 : filter is_even step1; +step3 : map double step2; +</code></pre> +<p>Parentheses are also helpful for debugging because they let you isolate specific pieces of a program or chain.</p> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>data : {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}; + +/* Test each step separately */ +filtered : filter @is_even data; +doubled : map @double filtered; +final : reduce @add 0 doubled; + +/* Or use parentheses to test intermediate results */ +test1 : filter is_even data; /* {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} */ +test2 : map double (filter is_even data); /* {4, 8, 12, 16, 20} */ +</code></pre> +<h2>Spacing Rules</h2> +<p>Baba Yaga uses spacing to distinguish between unary and binary operators...mostly just minus.</p> +<ul> +<li><strong>Unary minus</strong>: <code>-5</code> (no leading space) → <code>negate(5)</code></li> +<li><strong>Binary minus</strong>: <code>5 - 3</code> (spaces required) → <code>subtract(5, 3)</code></li> +<li><strong>Legacy fallback</strong>: <code>5-3</code> → <code>subtract(5, 3)</code> (but spaces are recommended)</li> +</ul> +<p>The parser distinguishes between these scenarios based off of spaces, and kinda best guess heuristics. It <em>should</em> work as expected in most cases.</p> +<ul> +<li><strong>Unary minus</strong> (negative numbers): <code>-5</code> → <code>negate(5)</code></li> +<li><strong>Binary minus</strong> (subtraction): <code>5 - 3</code> → <code>subtract(5, 3)</code></li> +</ul> +<p>Spacing makes expressions less ambiguous.</p> +<h3>Common Patterns</h3> +<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Function calls with negative numbers */ +double : x -> x * 2; +result : double -5; /* unary minus */ +result2 : double (-5); /* explicit grouping */ + +/* Comparisons with negative numbers */ +is_negative : x -> x < 0; +test1 : is_negative -5; /* unary minus */ + +/* Complex expressions with negative numbers */ +validate_age : age -> (age >= 0) and (age <= 120); +test2 : validate_age -5; /* unary minus */ + +/* Arithmetic with proper spacing */ +result3 : -5 + 3; /* unary minus + binary plus */ +result4 : 5 - 3; /* binary minus with spaces */ +result5 : (-5) + 3; /* explicit grouping */ +</code></pre> +<h4>Best Practices</h4> +<ul> +<li><strong>Use spaces around binary operators</strong>: <code>5 - 3</code>, <code>5 + 3</code>, <code>5 * 3</code></li> +<li><strong>Unary minus works without parentheses</strong>: <code>-5</code>, <code>f -5</code></li> +<li><strong>Legacy syntax still works</strong>: <code>(-5)</code>, <code>5-3</code> (but spaces are recommended)</li> +<li><strong>When in doubt, use spaces</strong>: It makes code more readable and follows conventions</li> +</ul> +<h4>When You Might Encounter This</h4> +<ul> +<li><strong>Arithmetic operations</strong>: <code>-5 + 3</code>, <code>5 - 3</code>, <code>(-5) + 3</code></li> +<li><strong>Comparisons</strong>: <code>-5 >= 0</code>, <code>5 - 3 >= 0</code></li> +<li><strong>Function calls</strong>: <code>f -5</code>, <code>f (-5)</code>, <code>map double -3</code></li> +<li><strong>Logical expressions</strong>: <code>(-5 >= 0) and (-5 <= 120)</code></li> +<li><strong>Pattern matching</strong>: <code>when x is -5 then "negative five"</code></li> +</ul> +<p>To make everyone's life easier, use spaces around binary operators.</p> +</article> + +</section> + +</div> + +<br class="clear"> + +<footer> + Generated by <a href="https://github.com/jsdoc3/jsdoc">JSDoc 4.0.4</a> on Tue Jul 29 2025 23:15:00 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) using the Minami theme. +</footer> + +<script>prettyPrint();</script> +<script src="scripts/linenumber.js"></script> +</body> +</html> \ No newline at end of file |