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<h1 class="page-title">03_Table_Operations</h1>
<section>
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<article>
<h1>Table Operations</h1>
<h2>What are Element-Wise Operations?</h2>
<p>Element-wise operations automatically apply functions to every element in a table without explicit loops or iteration syntax like <code>forEach</code>.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Instead of for each element in table, apply function */
/* You write function table */
numbers : {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
doubled : map @double numbers; /* {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} */
</code></pre>
<p>Most main-stream programming languages require explicit loops or iteration. Baba Yaga takes a clue from array languages like APL, BQN, uiua, K, etc., and automatically handles element-wise operations.</p>
<h2>Basic Examples</h2>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Define a simple function */
double : x -> x * 2;
/* Apply to table elements automatically */
numbers : {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
result : map @double numbers;
/* Result: {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} */
/* Filter elements automatically */
is_even : x -> x % 2 = 0;
evens : filter @is_even numbers;
/* Result: {2, 4} */
/* Reduce all elements automatically */
sum : reduce @add 0 numbers;
/* Result: 15 (1+2+3+4+5) */
</code></pre>
<h2>Table-Specific Operations</h2>
<p>The <code>t.</code> namespace provides additional element-wise operations especially meant for tables.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Table-specific operations */
data : {a: 1, b: 2, c: 3};
/* Get all keys */
keys : t.keys data; /* {"a", "b", "c"} */
/* Get all values */
values : t.values data; /* {1, 2, 3} */
/* Get key-value pairs */
pairs : t.pairs data; /* {{key: "a", value: 1}, {key: "b", value: 2}, {key: "c", value: 3}} */
/* Check if key exists */
has_a : t.has data "a"; /* true */
has_d : t.has data "d"; /* false */
/* Get value by key */
value_a : t.get data "a"; /* 1 */
</code></pre>
<h2>Complex Examples</h2>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Data processing pipeline */
data : {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
/* Define helper functions */
is_even : x -> x % 2 = 0;
double : x -> x * 2;
sum : x -> reduce @add 0 x;
/* Complete pipeline: filter → map → reduce */
result : sum map double filter is_even data;
/* Step 1: filter @is_even data → {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} */
/* Step 2: map @double {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} → {4, 8, 12, 16, 20} */
/* Step 3: sum {4, 8, 12, 16, 20} → 60 */
/* Result: 60 */
</code></pre>
<h2>Nested Tables</h2>
<p>Element-wise operations work with nested table structures, too</p>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Nested table */
people : {
alice: {name: "Alice", age: 30, scores: {85, 90, 88}},
bob: {name: "Bob", age: 25, scores: {92, 87, 95}},
charlie: {name: "Charlie", age: 35, scores: {78, 85, 82}}
};
/* Extract ages */
ages : map (x -> x.age) people;
/* Result: {alice: 30, bob: 25, charlie: 35} */
/* Calculate average scores for each person */
get_average : person -> reduce add 0 person.scores / 3;
averages : map get_average people;
/* Result: {alice: 87.67, bob: 91.33, charlie: 81.67} */
</code></pre>
<h2>The <code>each</code> Combinator</h2>
<p>The <code>each</code> combinator provides multi-argument element-wise operations:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* each for multi-argument operations */
numbers : {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
multipliers : {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
/* Multiply corresponding elements */
result : each @multiply numbers multipliers;
/* Result: {10, 40, 90, 160, 250} */
/* Compare corresponding elements */
is_greater : each @greaterThan numbers {3, 3, 3, 3, 3};
/* Result: {false, false, false, true, true} */
</code></pre>
<h2>Immutability</h2>
<p>All element-wise operations return new tables. In Baba Yaga all values, including tables are immutable.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint source lang-plaintext"><code>/* Original table */
original : {a: 1, b: 2, c: 3};
/* Operations return new tables */
doubled : map @double original; /* {a: 2, b: 4, c: 6} */
greater_then : x -> x > 1;
filtered : filter @greater_then original; /* {b: 2, c: 3} */
/* Original is unchanged */
/* original is still {a: 1, b: 2, c: 3} */
</code></pre>
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