about summary refs log tree commit diff stats
path: root/.gitignore
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorBen Morrison <ben@gbmor.dev>2019-06-13 01:36:33 -0400
committerBen Morrison <ben@gbmor.dev>2019-06-13 01:36:33 -0400
commitcd9bde55351d1864f3286f17fe07565e520ec1c1 (patch)
tree791242ccd17428c25225b0fa23e0409304de4d03 /.gitignore
parentb7e243ecf57a8c794c26d64343bad942f1ec09c9 (diff)
downloadgetwtxt-cd9bde55351d1864f3286f17fe07565e520ec1c1.tar.gz
linter warning about func signature
Diffstat (limited to '.gitignore')
0 files changed, 0 insertions, 0 deletions
ref='#n90'>90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213
//: The bedrock level 1 of abstraction is now done, and we're going to start
//: building levels above it that make programming in x86 machine code a
//: little more ergonomic.
//:
//: All levels will be "pass through by default". Whatever they don't
//: understand they will silently pass through to lower levels.
//:
//: Since raw hex bytes of machine code are always possible to inject, SubX is
//: not a language, and we aren't building a compiler. This is something
//: deliberately leakier. Levels are more for improving auditing, checks and
//: error messages rather than for hiding low-level details.

//: Translator workflow: read 'source' file. Run a series of transforms on it,
//: each passing through what it doesn't understand. The final program should
//: be just machine code, suitable to write to an ELF binary.
//:
//: Higher levels usually transform code on the basis of metadata.

:(before "End Main")
if (is_equal(argv[1], "translate")) {
  // Outside of tests, traces must be explicitly requested.
  if (Trace_file.is_open()) Trace_stream = new trace_stream;
  reset();
  // Begin subx translate
  program p;
  string output_filename;
  for (int i = /*skip 'subx translate'*/2;  i < argc;  ++i) {
    if (is_equal(argv[i], "-o")) {
      ++i;
      if (i >= argc) {
        print_translate_usage();
        cerr << "'-o' must be followed by a filename to write results to\n";
        exit(1);
      }
      output_filename = argv[i];
    }
    else {
      trace(2, "parse") << argv[i] << end();
      ifstream fin(argv[i]);
      if (!fin) {
        cerr << "could not open " << argv[i] << '\n';
        return 1;
      }
      parse(fin, p);
      if (trace_contains_errors()) return 1;
    }
  }
  if (p.segments.empty()) {
    print_translate_usage();
    cerr << "nothing to do; must provide at least one file to read\n";
    exit(1);
  }
  if (output_filename.empty()) {
    print_translate_usage();
    cerr << "must provide a filename to write to using '-o'\n";
    exit(1);
  }
  trace(2, "transform") << "begin" << end();
  transform(p);
  if (trace_contains_errors()) return 1;
  trace(2, "translate") << "begin" << end();
  save_elf(p, output_filename);
  if (trace_contains_errors()) {
    unlink(output_filename.c_str());
    return 1;
  }
  // End subx translate
  return 0;
}

:(code)
void print_translate_usage() {
  cerr << "Usage: subx translate file1 file2 ... -o output\n";
}

// write out a program to a bare-bones ELF file
void save_elf(const program& p, const string& filename) {
  ofstream out(filename.c_str(), ios::binary);
  save_elf(p, out);
  out.close();
}

void save_elf(const program& p, ostream& out) {
  // validation: stay consistent with the self-hosted translator
  if (p.entry == 0) {
    raise << "no 'Entry' label found\n" << end();
    return;
  }
  if (find(p, "data") == NULL) {
    raise << "must include a 'data' segment\n" << end();
    return;
  }
  // processing
  write_elf_header(out, p);
  for (size_t i = 0;  i < p.segments.size();  ++i)
    write_segment(p.segments.at(i), out);
}

void write_elf_header(ostream& out, const program& p) {
  char c = '\0';
#define O(X)  c = (X); out.write(&c, sizeof(c))
// host is required to be little-endian
#define emit(X)  out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&X), sizeof(X))
  //// ehdr
  // e_ident
  O(0x7f); O(/*E*/0x45); O(/*L*/0x4c); O(/*F*/0x46);
    O(0x1);  // 32-bit format
    O(0x1);  // little-endian
    O(0x1); O(0x0);
  for (size_t i = 0;  i < 8;  ++i) { O(0x0); }
  // e_type
  O(0x02); O(0x00);
  // e_machine
  O(0x03); O(0x00);
  // e_version
  O(0x01); O(0x00); O(0x00); O(0x00);
  // e_entry
  uint32_t e_entry = p.entry;
  // Override e_entry
  emit(e_entry);
  // e_phoff -- immediately after ELF header
  uint32_t e_phoff = 0x34;
  emit(e_phoff);
  // e_shoff; unused
  uint32_t dummy32 = 0;
  emit(dummy32);
  // e_flags; unused
  emit(dummy32);
  // e_ehsize
  uint16_t e_ehsize = 0x34;
  emit(e_ehsize);
  // e_phentsize
  uint16_t e_phentsize = 0x20;
  emit(e_phentsize);
  // e_phnum
  uint16_t e_phnum = SIZE(p.segments);
  emit(e_phnum);
  // e_shentsize
  uint16_t dummy16 = 0x0;
  emit(dummy16);
  // e_shnum
  emit(dummy16);
  // e_shstrndx
  emit(dummy16);

  uint32_t p_offset = /*size of ehdr*/0x34 + SIZE(p.segments)*0x20/*size of each phdr*/;
  for (int i = 0;  i < SIZE(p.segments);  ++i) {
    const segment& curr = p.segments.at(i);
    //// phdr
    // p_type
    uint32_t p_type = 0x1;
    emit(p_type);
    // p_offset
    emit(p_offset);
    // p_vaddr
    uint32_t p_start = curr.start;
    emit(p_start);
    // p_paddr
    emit(p_start);
    // p_filesz
    uint32_t size = num_words(curr);
    assert(p_offset + size < SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT);
    emit(size);
    // p_memsz
    emit(size);
    // p_flags
    uint32_t p_flags = (curr.name == "code") ? /*r-x*/0x5 : /*rw-*/0x6;
    emit(p_flags);

    // p_align
    // "As the system creates or augments a process image, it logically copies
    // a file's segment to a virtual memory segment.  When—and if— the system
    // physically reads the file depends on the program's execution behavior,
    // system load, and so on.  A process does not require a physical page
    // unless it references the logical page during execution, and processes
    // commonly leave many pages unreferenced. Therefore delaying physical
    // reads frequently obviates them, improving system performance. To obtain
    // this efficiency in practice, executable and shared object files must
    // have segment images whose file offsets and virtual addresses are
    // congruent, modulo the page size." -- http://refspecs.linuxbase.org/elf/elf.pdf (page 95)
    uint32_t p_align = 0x1000;  // default page size on linux
    emit(p_align);
    if (p_offset % p_align != p_start % p_align) {
      raise << "segment starting at 0x" << HEXWORD << p_start << " is improperly aligned; alignment for p_offset " << p_offset << " should be " << (p_offset % p_align) << " but is " << (p_start % p_align) << '\n' << end();
      return;
    }

    // prepare for next segment
    p_offset += size;
  }
#undef O
#undef emit
}

void write_segment(const segment& s, ostream& out) {
  for (int i = 0;  i < SIZE(s.lines);  ++i) {
    const vector<word>& w = s.lines.at(i).words;
    for (int j = 0;  j < SIZE(w);  ++j) {
      uint8_t x = hex_byte(w.at(j).data);  // we're done with metadata by this point
      out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&x), /*sizeof(byte)*/1);
    }
  }
}

uint32_t num_words(const segment& s) {
  uint32_t sum = 0;
  for (int i = 0;  i < SIZE(s.lines);  ++i)
    sum += SIZE(s.lines.at(i).words);
  return sum;
}

:(before "End Includes")
using std::ios;