path: root/core/reboot.html



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        <meta charset='utf-8'>
        <title>1.4. Prepare Reboot</title>
    </head>
    <body>

        <a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>

        <h1>1.4. Prepare for Reboot</h1>

        <p>Follow this instructions with active chroot,
        first <a href="configure.html#chroot">mount partitions</a>
        and before chroot mount follow file systems;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mount --bind /dev $CHROOT/dev
        $ sudo mount -vt devpts devpts $CHROOT/dev/pts
        $ sudo mount -vt tmpfs shm $CHROOT/dev/shm
        $ sudo mount -vt proc proc $CHROOT/proc
        $ sudo mount -vt sysfs sysfs $CHROOT/sys
        </pre>

        <p>Now you can chroot;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo chroot $CHROOT /usr/bin/env -i \
          HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
          PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
          /bin/bash --login
        </pre>

        <h2 id="linux">1.4.1. Linux Kernel</h2>

        <p>c9-ports have two kernels, linux libre and linux blob.
        Port linux-libre kernel is a true source based kernel that
        respects your freedoms, is x86_64 but not generic configured,
        with all drivers as modules or correct graphic driver.
        Port linux-blob contain blobs and loads firmware.</p>

        <pre>
        # cd /usr/ports/c9-ports/linux-libre
        # pkgmk -d
        # pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/linux-libre#4.9.9-3.pkg.tar.gz
        </pre>

        <h2 id="dracut">1.4.2. Dracut - Initramfs</h2>

        <p>Install dracut;</p>

        <pre>
        # cd /usr/ports/c9-ports/dracut
        # pkgmk -d
        # pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/dracut#044-2.pkg.tar.gz
        </pre>

        <p>Review configuration file;</p>

        <pre>
        # PUT YOUR CONFIG IN separate files
        # in /etc/dracut.conf.d named "<name>.conf"

        # Equivalent to -H
        hostonly="yes"

        # Mount / and /usr read-only by default.
        ro_mnt="no"

        # Equivalent to -m "module module module"
        dracutmodules+="dash kernel-modules rootfs-block udev-rules usrmount base fs-lib shutdown"

        # Equivalent to -a "module"
        add_dracutmodules+="caps debug"

        # Equivalent to -o "module"
        #omit_dracutmodules+="systemd systemd-bootchart systemd-networkd systemd-initrd"

        # SEE man dracut.conf(5) for options
        </pre>

        <p>Run dracut to create init ram filesystem for
        port linux-blob kernel;</p>

        <pre>
        # dracut -v /boot/initramfs-4.9.9-blob.img 4.9.9-blob
        </pre>

        <h2 id="grub">1.4.3. Configuring Grub2</h2>

        <p>Create grub file in /etc/default/grub with values;</p>

        <pre>
        GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=false
        GRUB_ENABLE_LINUX_LABEL=false
        </pre>

        <p><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub.html">Grub Manual</a>,
        install grub on MBR of disk sdb;</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-install /dev/sdb
        Installation finished. No error reported.
        </pre>

        <p>If you are installing on removable media;</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-install --removable /dev/sdb
        Installation finished. No error reported.
        </pre>

        <p>grub-mkconfig generates grub.cfg, it will try to discover
        available kernels and attempt to generate menu entries for
        them;</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
        Generating grub.cfg ...
        Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.9-grsec
        done
        #
        </pre>

        <p>Check /boot/grub/grub.cfg, if is wrong add menu to
        /etc/grub.d/40_custom, replace correct msdos partition
        from grub-prob output and correct UUID from fstab or blkid</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-probe --target=hints_string /
        </pre>

        <p>To add rw as default edit /etc/grub.d/10_linux file, current
        version change line 138 to;</p>

        <pre>
        echo    '$message'
        linux   ${rel_dirname}/${basename} root=${linux_root_device_thisversion} rw ${args}
        </pre>

        <h2 id="checkup">1.4.4. Checkup</h2>

        <p>If you have qemu installed you can see if it boots, in this
        example sdb is usb external drive;</p>

        <pre>
        # qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-linux -initrd /boot/initramfs-linux.img -append root=/dev/sdb /dev/sdb2
        </pre>

        <h3>Debug Grub</h3>

        <h3>Debug initram</h3>

        <pre>
        /usr/lib/dracut/skipcpio /boot/initramfs-4.9.9-blob.img | gunzip -c | cpio -i -d
        36875 blocks
        </pre>

        <a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>
        <p>This is part of the c9-doc Manual.
        Copyright (C) 2016
        c9 team.
        See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
        for copying conditions.</p>
    </body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset='utf-8'>
        <title>1.4. Prepare Reboot</title>
    </head>
    <body>

        <a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>

        <h1>1.4. Prepare for Reboot</h1>

        <p>Follow this instructions with active chroot,
        first <a href="configure.html#chroot">mount partitions</a>
        and before chroot mount follow file systems;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mount --bind /dev $CHROOT/dev
        $ sudo mount -vt devpts devpts $CHROOT/dev/pts
        $ sudo mount -vt tmpfs shm $CHROOT/dev/shm
        $ sudo mount -vt proc proc $CHROOT/proc
        $ sudo mount -vt sysfs sysfs $CHROOT/sys
        </pre>

        <p>Now you can chroot;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo chroot $CHROOT /usr/bin/env -i \
          HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
          PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
          /bin/bash --login
        </pre>

        <h2 id="linux">1.4.1. Linux Kernel</h2>

        <p>c9-ports have two kernels, linux libre and linux blob.
        Port linux-libre kernel is a true source based kernel that
        respects your freedoms, is x86_64 but not generic configured,
        with all drivers as modules or correct graphic driver.
        Port linux-blob contain blobs and loads firmware.</p>

        <pre>
        # cd /usr/ports/c9-ports/linux-libre
        # pkgmk -d
        # pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/linux-libre#4.9.9-3.pkg.tar.gz
        </pre>

        <h2 id="dracut">1.4.2. Dracut - Initramfs</h2>

        <p>Install dracut;</p>

        <pre>
        # cd /usr/ports/c9-ports/dracut
        # pkgmk -d
        # pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/dracut#044-2.pkg.tar.gz
        </pre>

        <p>Review configuration file;</p>

        <pre>
        # PUT YOUR CONFIG IN separate files
        # in /etc/dracut.conf.d named "<name>.conf"

        # Equivalent to -H
        hostonly="yes"

        # Mount / and /usr read-only by default.
        ro_mnt="no"

        # Equivalent to -m "module module module"
        dracutmodules+="dash kernel-modules rootfs-block udev-rules usrmount base fs-lib shutdown"

        # Equivalent to -a "module"
        add_dracutmodules+="caps debug"

        # Equivalent to -o "module"
        #omit_dracutmodules+="systemd systemd-bootchart systemd-networkd systemd-initrd"

        # SEE man dracut.conf(5) for options
        </pre>

        <p>Run dracut to create init ram filesystem for
        port linux-blob kernel;</p>

        <pre>
        # dracut -v /boot/initramfs-4.9.9-blob.img 4.9.9-blob
        </pre>

        <h2 id="grub">1.4.3. Configuring Grub2</h2>

        <p>Create grub file in /etc/default/grub with values;</p>

        <pre>
        GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=false
        GRUB_ENABLE_LINUX_LABEL=false
        </pre>

        <p><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub.html">Grub Manual</a>,
        install grub on MBR of disk sdb;</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-install /dev/sdb
        Installation finished. No error reported.
        </pre>

        <p>If you are installing on removable media;</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-install --removable /dev/sdb
        Installation finished. No error reported.
        </pre>

        <p>grub-mkconfig generates grub.cfg, it will try to discover
        available kernels and attempt to generate menu entries for
        them;</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
        Generating grub.cfg ...
        Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.9.9-grsec
        done
        #
        </pre>

        <p>Check /boot/grub/grub.cfg, if is wrong add menu to
        /etc/grub.d/40_custom, replace correct msdos partition
        from grub-prob output and correct UUID from fstab or blkid</p>

        <pre>
        # grub-probe --target=hints_string /
        </pre>

        <p>To add rw as default edit /etc/grub.d/10_linux file, current
        version change line 138 to;</p>

        <pre>
        echo    '$message'
        linux   ${rel_dirname}/${basename} root=${linux_root_device_thisversion} rw ${args}
        </pre>

        <h2 id="checkup">1.4.4. Checkup</h2>

        <p>If you have qemu installed you can see if it boots, in this
        example sdb is usb external drive;</p>

        <pre>
        # qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel /boot/vmlinuz-linux -initrd /boot/initramfs-linux.img -append root=/dev/sdb /dev/sdb2
        </pre>

        <h3>Debug Grub</h3>

        <h3>Debug initram</h3>

        <pre>
        /usr/lib/dracut/skipcpio /boot/initramfs-4.9.9-blob.img | gunzip -c | cpio -i -d
        36875 blocks
        </pre>

        <a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>
        <p>This is part of the c9-doc Manual.
        Copyright (C) 2016
        c9 team.
        See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
        for copying conditions.</p>
    </body>
</html>