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3 files changed, 274 insertions, 69 deletions
diff --git a/dev/c/elements.html b/dev/c/elements.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d6950d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/dev/c/elements.html @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html dir="ltr" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset='utf-8'> + <title>Types & Elements</title> + </head> + <body> + <a href="../index.html">Development Index</a> + + <h1>Types & Elements</h1> + + <h2 id="types">Types</h2> + + <dl> + <dt>char</dt> + <dd>Integer, one byte.</dd> + <dt>int</dt> + <dd>Integer.</dd> + <dt>float</dt> + <dd>Single precision floating point.</dd> + <dt>double</dt> + <dd>Double precision floating point.</dd> + <dt>void</dt> + <dd>Absence of type.</dd> + </dl> + + <h2 id="ident">Identifiers</h2> + + <p>Variable names, functions, data types and preprocessor macros. + Are allowed letters, decimal digits and underscore.</p> + + <h2 id="keywords">Keywords</h2> + + <p>Reserved identifiers part of C language.;</p> + + <p>auto break case char const continue default do double else enum + extern float for goto if int long register return short signed + sizeof static struct switch typedef union unsigned void volatile + while</p> + + <p>restrict inline _Bool _Complex _Imaginary</p> + + <p>__FUNCTION__ __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ __alignof __alignof__ __asm + __asm__ __attribute __attribute__ __builtin_offsetof __builtin_va_arg + __complex __complex__ __const __extension__ __func__ __imag __imag__ + __inline __inline__ __label__ __null __real __real__ + __restrict __restrict__ __signed __signed__ __thread __typeof + __volatile __volatile__</p> + + <h2 id="const">Constants</h2> + + <p>Constants are identifiers with fixed values that can't change + during execution. Data types of constants; integer, character, + double, strings.</p> + + <h2 id="op">Operators</h2> + + <p>Operators do operations such as; addition or subtraction.</p> + + <h2 id="sep">Separators</h2> + + <p>Language elements separators;<p> + <p>{} [] () ; , . :</p> + + <h2 id="white">White Space</h2> + + <p>White space is ignored except when separating elements.</p> + + <a href="../index.html">Development Index</a> + + <p> + This is part of the c9-doc Manual. + Copyright (C) 2018 + c9 team. + See the file <a href="../../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a> + for copying conditions.</p> + </body> +</html> diff --git a/dev/c/index.html b/dev/c/index.html index 1c3b478..3e8651f 100644 --- a/dev/c/index.html +++ b/dev/c/index.html @@ -1,102 +1,197 @@ <!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en"> <head> - <meta charset='utf-8'> - <title>C & GDB</title> + <meta charset='utf-8'> + <title>C & GDB</title> </head> <body> - <a href="../index.html">Development Index</a> + <a href="../index.html">Development Index</a> - <h1>C & GDB</h1> + <h1>C & GDB</h1> - <p><a href="http://blog.fourthbit.com/2013/06/18/creating-an-open-source-program-in-c-with-autotools-part-1-of-2/">C program with autotools</a> - </p> + <h2 id="hello">Hello World</h2> - <pre> - $ touch NEWS README AUTHORS ChangeLog - $ mkdir -p src/bin src/lib - </pre> + <p>Create file hello.c with;</p> - <p> - <a href="http://web.eecs.umich.edu/~sugih/pointers/gdbQS.html">GDB Quick Start</a>, - <a href="https://www.hackerschool.com/blog/5-learning-c-with-gdb">Learning C with GDB</a> - and <a href="http://www.dirac.org/linux/gdb/02a-Memory_Layout_And_The_Stack.php">Memory Layout and the Stack</a> - are great sources of introductory information.</a> - </p> + <pre> + #include <stdio.h> - <p>To use gdb you need to compile program with -g flag. To - debug a program;</p> + int main() { + printf("Hello World!"); + return 0; + } + </pre> - <pre> - gdb program - </pre> + <p>Compile;</p> - <p>If the program needs arguments you can set it;</p> + <pre> + $ gcc -Wall hello.c -o hello + </pre> - <pre> - (gdb)set args -parameter1 -parameter2 - </pre> + <p>Run;</p> - <p>To start the program you can type run, this way gdb - will try to run the program until the end. If program - crash, gdb will stop it for debuging.</p> + <pre> + $./hello + Hello World! + </pre> - <pre> - (gdb) run - </pre> + <h2 ="sources">Multiple Sources</h2> - <pre> - n - execute next line - s - step in next line - b - backtrace - info locals - print - x - </pre> + <p>To organize code in multiple files split above + example in main.c, hello.c and hello.h. Content of + main.c;<p> - <h2>SysCalls</h2> + <pre> + #include "hello.h" - <pre>catch syscall open</pre> + int main() { + hello("world"); + return 0; + } + </pre> - <h2>Threads</h2> + <p>Header file contains declaration of the function hello, + content of hello.h;</p> - <p>When new thread is created you receive - a notification. To get information about - threads;</p> + <pre> + void hello(const char* name); + </pre> - <pre> - info threads - </pre> + <p>Implementation of hello function in hello.c;</p> - <p>To select thread;</p> + <pre> + #include <stdio.h> + #include "hello.h" - <pre> - thread 1 - </pre> + void hello(const char* name) { + printf("Hello, %s!\n", name); + } + </pre> + + <p>Compile;</p> + + <pre> + $ gcc -Wall main.c hello.c -o hello + </pre> + + <h2 id="makefile">Makefile</h2> + + <p>Make reads a Makefile by default on current directory, + Makefile defines targets, for example executables and their + dependencies, for example object files and source files.<p> + + <p>Create Makefile;</p> + + <pre> + CC=gcc + CFLAGS=-Wall + + hello: main.o hello.o - <p><a href="http://ftp.gnu.org/old-gnu/Manuals/gdb/html_node/gdb_39.html#SEC40">Stopping and Starting</a> - multi-thread programs</p> + clean: + rm -f hello main.o hello.o + </pre> + + <pre> + $ touch NEWS README AUTHORS ChangeLog + </pre> + + <h2 id="debug">Debug</h2> + + <p>To use gdb you need to compile program with -g flag. Change + Makefile</p> + + <pre> + CC=gcc + CFLAGS=-Wall -g + + hello: main.o hello.o + + clean: + rm -f hello main.o hello.o + </pre> + + <pre> + $ gdb hello + </pre> + + <p>Set break point;</p> + + <pre> + (gdb) break main + </pre> + + <p>To start the program you can type run, this way gdb + will try to run the program until the end. If program + crash, gdb will stop it for debuging. Start program;</p> + + <pre> + (gdb) run + </pre> + + <p>Step in next line;</p> + + <pre> + (gdb) s + </pre> + + <p>Execute next line;</p> + + <pre> + (gdb) n + </pre> + + <p>To start gdb in TUI mode press;</p> + + <dl> + <dt>Ctrl-x A</dt> + <dd>Enter or leave TUI.</dd> + <dt>Ctrl-x 1</dt> + <dd>TUI with only one window.</dd> + <dt>Ctrl-x 2</dt> + <dd>TUI with more than two windows.</dd> + <dt>Ctrl-x o</dt> + <dd>Change active window.</dd> + <dt>Ctrl-x s</dt> + <dd>TUI single key mode.</dd> + <dt>Ctrl-L s</dt> + <dd>Refresh screen.</dd> + <dt>Up</dt> + <dd>Scroll</dd> + <dt>Down</dt> + <dd>Scroll</dd> + <dt>Left</dt> + <dd>Scroll</dd> + <dt>Right</dt> + <dd>Scroll</dd> + </dl> + + <p>Run again and step in hello function, to print + variable "name" value and type;</p> <pre> - break linespec thread threadno + (gdb) print name + $1 = 0x4005b0 "world" + (gdb) </pre> - <h2>Strace</h2> + <p>Print variable name type;</p> <pre> - strace -c ./program + (gdb) ptype name + type = const char * + (gdb) </pre> - <a href="../index.html">Development Index</a> - <p> - This is part of the c9-doc Manual. - Copyright (C) 2016 - c9 team. - See the file <a href="../../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a> - for copying conditions.</p> - + <p>Variable is a <a href="elements.html#const">string constant</a>, + continue reading <a href="elements.html">Elements</a>.</p> + <a href="../index.html">Development Index</a> + <p> + This is part of the c9-doc Manual. + Copyright (C) 2016 + c9 team. + See the file <a href="../../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a> + for copying conditions.</p> </body> - </html> - diff --git a/dev/index.html b/dev/index.html index e463f6f..2dcc209 100644 --- a/dev/index.html +++ b/dev/index.html @@ -39,8 +39,40 @@ as primary language.</p> <ul> - <li><a href="c/index.html">Hello World</a></li> - <li><a href="">Types & Variables</a></li> + <li><a href="c/index.html">Hello World</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="c/index.html#sources">Multiple sources</a></li> + <li><a href="c/index.html#makefile">Makefile</a></li> + <li><a href="c/index.html#debug">Debug</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html">Types & Elements</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#types">Types</a></li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#ident">Identifiers</a></li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#keywords">Keywords</a></li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#const">Constants</a></li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#op">Operators</a></li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#sep">Separators</a></li> + <li><a href="c/elements.html#white">White space</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html">Datatypes</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#int">Integer</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#double">Real number</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#complex">Complex number</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#const">Enumeration</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#union">Unions</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#struct">Structures</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#array">Arrays</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#pointer">Pointers</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#it">Incomplete types</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#tq">Type qualifiers</a></li> + <li><a href="c/datatypes.html#st">Storage class</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="">Operators & Expressions</a></li> <li><a href="">Control Flow</a></li> <li><a href="">Functions</a></li> |