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diff --git a/linux/configure.html b/linux/configure.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e72c90 --- /dev/null +++ b/linux/configure.html @@ -0,0 +1,283 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html dir="ltr" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset='utf-8'> + <title>1.2. Configure</title> + </head> + <body> + + <a href="index.html">GNU/Linux Index</a> + + <h1 id="chroot">1.2. Configure</h1> + + <p>If you don't mounted chroot follow this + steps from <a href="install.html">install</a>;</p> + + <pre> + $ export CHROOT=/mnt + </pre> + + <pre> + $ export BLK_EFI=/dev/sda2 + $ export BLK_BOOT=/dev/sda3 + $ export BLK_ROOT=/dev/vg_system/lv_root + $ export BLK_VAR=/dev/vg_system/lv_var + + $ export BLK_HOME=/dev/vg_system/lv_home + + $ sudo mount $BLK_BOOT $CHROOT/boot + $ sudo mount $BLK_EFI $CHROOT/boot/efi + $ sudo mount $BLK_VAR $CHROOT/var + $ sudo mount $BLK_HOME $CHROOT/home + </pre> + + <p>If using separate /usr partition;</p> + <pre> + $ export BLK_USR=/dev/vg_system/lv_usr + $ sudo mount $BLK_USR $CHROOT/usr + </pre> + + + <p>Now you can chroot;</p> + + <pre> + $ sudo chroot $CHROOT /usr/bin/env -i \ + HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \ + PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \ + /bin/bash --login + </pre> + + <h2 id="hostname">1.2.1. Set hostname and hosts</h2> + + <p>Give it a name, this example we will call it machine;</p> + + <pre> + # hostname machine + </pre> + + <p>Edit /etc/hosts to contain your hostname and FQDN, + this example uses machine.example and machine.example.org sub-domain from + <a href="http://freedns.afraid.org">afraid.org</a> pointing + to 10.0.0.1 ip;</p> + + <pre> + # IPv4 + 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost + 127.0.0.1 machine.example machine + + #<ip-address> <hostname.domain.org> <aliases> + 10.0.0.1 machine.example.org + + # IPv6 + #::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback + #fe00::0 ip6-localnet + #ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix + #ff02::1 ip6-allnodes + #ff02::2 ip6-allrouters + #ff02::3 ip6-allhosts + + # End of file + </pre> + + <p>Checkup;</p> + + <pre> + $ hostname + machine + $ hostname -f + machine.example + </pre> + + <h2 id="time">1.2.2. Set timezone</h2> + + <p>Setup timezone;</p> + + <pre> + # tzselect + Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly. + Please select a continent, ocean, "coord", or "TZ". + 1) Africa + 2) Americas + 3) Antarctica + 4) Asia + 5) Atlantic Ocean + 6) Australia + 7) Europe + 8) Indian Ocean + 9) Pacific Ocean + 10) coord - I want to use geographical coordinates. + 11) TZ - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format. + #? 7 + + Please select a country whose clocks agree with yours. + 1) ?land Islands 18) Greece 35) Norway + 2) Albania 19) Guernsey 36) Poland + 3) Andorra 20) Hungary 37) Portugal + 4) Austria 21) Ireland 38) Romania + 5) Belarus 22) Isle of Man 39) Russia + 6) Belgium 23) Italy 40) San Marino + 7) Bosnia & Herzegovina 24) Jersey 41) Serbia + 8) Britain (UK) 25) Latvia 42) Slovakia + 9) Bulgaria 26) Liechtenstein 43) Slovenia + 10) Croatia 27) Lithuania 44) Spain + 11) Czech Republic 28) Luxembourg 45) Svalbard & Jan Mayen + 12) Denmark 29) Macedonia 46) Sweden + 13) Estonia 30) Malta 47) Switzerland + 14) Finland 31) Moldova 48) Turkey + 15) France 32) Monaco 49) Ukraine + 16) Germany 33) Montenegro 50) Vatican City + 17) Gibraltar 34) Netherlands + #? 37 + + Please select one of the following time zone regions. + 1) mainland + 2) Madeira Islands + 3) Azores + #? 1 + + The following information has been given: + + Portugal + mainland + + Therefore TZ='Europe/Lisbon' will be used. + Local time is now: Sun Aug 9 17:36:05 WEST 2016. + Universal Time is now: Sun Aug 9 16:36:05 UTC 2016. + Is the above information OK? + 1) Yes + 2) No + #? 1 + + You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line + TZ='Europe/Lisbon'; export TZ + to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again. + + Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you + can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts: + Europe/Lisbon + # + </pre> + + <h2 id="locale">1.2.3. Set locale</h2> + + + <pre> + # localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8 + </pre> + + <h2 id="user">1.2.4. Users</h2> + + <h3>1.2.4.1. Set root password</h3> + + <pre> + # passwd + </pre> + + <h3>1.2.4.2. Create Administrator User</h3> + + <p>Description of most default pretinent groups;</p> + + <dl> + <dt>adm</dt> + <dd>Administration group.</dd> + <dt>ftp</dt> + <dd>Access to files served by ftp.</dd> + <dt>users</dt> + <dd>Standard users group.</dd> + <dt>wheel</dt> + <dd>Administration group used to give access to sudo.</dd> + </dl> + + <pre> + # useradd -U -m -k /etc/skel -s /bin/bash username + # usermod -G adm,wheel,audio,input,video,users username + # passwd username + </pre> + + <pre> + # chmod 0700 /root + # chmod 0700 /home/username + </pre> + + <h3>1.2.4.3 Add Administrator to Wheel group</h3> + + <pre> + bash-4.3# sudoedit /etc/sudoers + </pre> + + <pre> + ## Uncomment to allow members of group wheel to execute any command + %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL + </pre> + + <h2 id="fstab">1.2.5. File system table</h2> + + <p>First we will discover block id (UUID) of + <a href="install.html#step2">target partition</a>, + blkid list all while vol_id --uuid /dev/sdb1 returns + only uuid. Add all block ids to the end of file + /etc/fstab; + </p> + + <pre> + # blkid >> /etc/fstab + </pre> + + <p>Read <a href="http://linux-audit.com/securing-mount-points-on-linux/" title="Securing mount points">Securing mount points</a>, + and edit /etc/fstab according to your disk layout. Blocks with uuid will later be created at <a href="../tools/lvm.html">lvm</a>.</p> + + <p>Pass option control in wich order fsck checks devices. If is + a multiple partition scheme; 1 for root, 2 for others or 0 to + disable fsck. In this example fsck in usr partition is disable, + initram file system mounted on boot making impossible to run fsck.</p> + + <pre> + /dev/sda3 / ext4 defaults,noatime,ro 0 1 + # usr is not checked because is already mounted by init ram (to be fixed). + UUID=20bd3948-0877-4192-af52-ad87d6f96db0 /usr ext4 defaults,ro,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 0 + devpts /dev/pts devpts noexec,nosuid,gid=tty,mode=0620 0 0 + none /sys/kernel/security securityfs defaults 0 0 + devpts /dev/pts devpts noexec,nosuid,gid=tty,mode=0620 0 0 + shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 + tmp /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec,size=128M 0 0 + UUID=3b408790-65e1-4638-9591-7ba61f266913 /boot ext4 defaults,ro,noatime 0 2 + UUID=962D-0DE1 /boot/efi vfat ro,noauto,umask=0077 0 2 + UUID=f2336a56-fbe6-444c-bdbf-f0e6c209c237 /var ext4 defaults,nodev,noexec,nosuid,errors=remount-ro 0 2 + UUID=66c083d6-b8f2-4a98-ae55-9412f98cc089 /usr/ports ext4 defaults,ro,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 2 + pkgmk /usr/ports/work tmpfs size=30G,gid=101,uid=100,defaults 0 2 + UUID=36e9e1d5-8356-451e-a301-81098b9a15ea /srv ext4 defaults,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 2 + UUID=cd15196a-69f1-4fb4-9730-a384c62add91 /home ext4 defaults,nodev,nosuid,errors=remount-ro 0 2 + #UUID=04f07488ce7b36205acc6d404dcf924643660ac5 /usr/ports/distfiles ext4 defaults,ro,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 2 + # End of file + </pre> + + <h2 id="rcconf">1.2.6. Initialization Scripts</h2> + + <p>Edit /etc/rc.conf and define keyboard layout, hostname and timezone, + more information about + <a href="http://crux.nu/Main/Handbook3-3#ConfigurationVariables">configuration variables</a>. + </p> + + <pre> + # + # /etc/rc.conf: system configuration + # + + FONT=default + KEYMAP=dvorak + TIMEZONE="Europe/Lisbon" + HOSTNAME=machine + SYSLOG=sysklogd + SERVICES=(lo iptables wlan crond) + + # End of file + </pre> + + <a href="index.html">GNU/Linux Index</a> + <p>This is part of the LeetIO System Documentation. + Copyright (C) 2021 + LeetIO Team. + See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a> + for copying conditions.</p> + </body> +</html> |