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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<title>1.2. Configure</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>
<h1 id="chroot">1.2. Configure</h1>
<p>If you don't mounted chroot follow this
steps from <a href="install.html">install</a>;</p>
<pre>
$ export CHROOT=/mnt
</pre>
<pre>
$ export BLK_EFI=/dev/sda2
$ export BLK_BOOT=/dev/sda3
$ export BLK_ROOT=/dev/vg_system/lv_root
$ export BLK_VAR=/dev/vg_system/lv_var
$ export BLK_HOME=/dev/vg_system/lv_home
$ sudo mount $BLK_BOOT $CHROOT/boot
$ sudo mount $BLK_EFI $CHROOT/boot/efi
$ sudo mount $BLK_VAR $CHROOT/var
$ sudo mount $BLK_HOME $CHROOT/home
</pre>
<p>If using separate /usr partition;</p>
<pre>
$ export BLK_USR=/dev/vg_system/lv_usr
$ sudo mount $BLK_USR $CHROOT/usr
</pre>
<p>Now you can chroot;</p>
<pre>
$ sudo chroot $CHROOT /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login
</pre>
<h2 id="hostname">1.2.1. Set hostname and hosts</h2>
<p>Give it a name, this example we will call it machine;</p>
<pre>
# hostname machine
</pre>
<p>Edit /etc/hosts to contain your hostname and FQDN,
this example uses machine.example and machine.example.org sub-domain from
<a href="http://freedns.afraid.org">afraid.org</a> pointing
to 10.0.0.1 ip;</p>
<pre>
# IPv4
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
127.0.0.1 machine.example machine
#<ip-address> <hostname.domain.org> <aliases>
10.0.0.1 machine.example.org
# IPv6
#::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
#fe00::0 ip6-localnet
#ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
#ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
#ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
#ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
# End of file
</pre>
<p>Checkup;</p>
<pre>
$ hostname
machine
$ hostname -f
machine.example
</pre>
<h2 id="time">1.2.2. Set timezone</h2>
<p>Setup timezone;</p>
<pre>
# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent, ocean, "coord", or "TZ".
1) Africa
2) Americas
3) Antarctica
4) Asia
5) Atlantic Ocean
6) Australia
7) Europe
8) Indian Ocean
9) Pacific Ocean
10) coord - I want to use geographical coordinates.
11) TZ - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 7
Please select a country whose clocks agree with yours.
1) ?land Islands 18) Greece 35) Norway
2) Albania 19) Guernsey 36) Poland
3) Andorra 20) Hungary 37) Portugal
4) Austria 21) Ireland 38) Romania
5) Belarus 22) Isle of Man 39) Russia
6) Belgium 23) Italy 40) San Marino
7) Bosnia & Herzegovina 24) Jersey 41) Serbia
8) Britain (UK) 25) Latvia 42) Slovakia
9) Bulgaria 26) Liechtenstein 43) Slovenia
10) Croatia 27) Lithuania 44) Spain
11) Czech Republic 28) Luxembourg 45) Svalbard & Jan Mayen
12) Denmark 29) Macedonia 46) Sweden
13) Estonia 30) Malta 47) Switzerland
14) Finland 31) Moldova 48) Turkey
15) France 32) Monaco 49) Ukraine
16) Germany 33) Montenegro 50) Vatican City
17) Gibraltar 34) Netherlands
#? 37
Please select one of the following time zone regions.
1) mainland
2) Madeira Islands
3) Azores
#? 1
The following information has been given:
Portugal
mainland
Therefore TZ='Europe/Lisbon' will be used.
Local time is now: Sun Aug 9 17:36:05 WEST 2016.
Universal Time is now: Sun Aug 9 16:36:05 UTC 2016.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? 1
You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
TZ='Europe/Lisbon'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.
Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
Europe/Lisbon
#
</pre>
<h2 id="locale">1.2.3. Set locale</h2>
<pre>
# localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
</pre>
<h2 id="user">1.2.4. Users</h2>
<h3>1.2.4.1. Set root password</h3>
<pre>
# passwd
</pre>
<h3>1.2.4.2. Create Administrator User</h3>
<p>Description of most default pretinent groups;</p>
<dl>
<dt>adm</dt>
<dd>Administration group.</dd>
<dt>ftp</dt>
<dd>Access to files served by ftp.</dd>
<dt>users</dt>
<dd>Standard users group.</dd>
<dt>wheel</dt>
<dd>Administration group used to give access to sudo.</dd>
</dl>
<pre>
# useradd -U -m -k /etc/skel -s /bin/bash username
# usermod -G adm,wheel,audio,input,video,users username
# passwd username
</pre>
<pre>
# chmod 0700 /root
# chmod 0700 /home/username
</pre>
<h3>1.2.4.3 Add Administrator to Wheel group</h3>
<pre>
bash-4.3# sudoedit /etc/sudoers
</pre>
<pre>
## Uncomment to allow members of group wheel to execute any command
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
</pre>
<h2 id="fstab">1.2.5. File system table</h2>
<p>First we will discover block id (UUID) of
<a href="install.html#step2">target partition</a>,
blkid list all while vol_id --uuid /dev/sdb1 returns
only uuid. Add all block ids to the end of file
/etc/fstab;
</p>
<pre>
# blkid >> /etc/fstab
</pre>
<p>Read <a href="http://linux-audit.com/securing-mount-points-on-linux/" title="Securing mount points">Securing mount points</a>,
and edit /etc/fstab according to your disk layout. Blocks with uuid will later be created at <a href="../tools/lvm.html">lvm</a>.</p>
<p>Pass option control in wich order fsck checks devices. If is
a multiple partition scheme; 1 for root, 2 for others or 0 to
disable fsck. In this example fsck in usr partition is disable,
initram file system mounted on boot making impossible to run fsck.</p>
<pre>
/dev/sda3 / ext4 defaults,noatime,ro 0 1
# usr is not checked because is already mounted by init ram (to be fixed).
UUID=20bd3948-0877-4192-af52-ad87d6f96db0 /usr ext4 defaults,ro,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts noexec,nosuid,gid=tty,mode=0620 0 0
none /sys/kernel/security securityfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts noexec,nosuid,gid=tty,mode=0620 0 0
shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
tmp /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec,size=128M 0 0
UUID=3b408790-65e1-4638-9591-7ba61f266913 /boot ext4 defaults,ro,noatime 0 2
UUID=962D-0DE1 /boot/efi vfat ro,noauto,umask=0077 0 2
UUID=f2336a56-fbe6-444c-bdbf-f0e6c209c237 /var ext4 defaults,nodev,noexec,nosuid,errors=remount-ro 0 2
UUID=66c083d6-b8f2-4a98-ae55-9412f98cc089 /usr/ports ext4 defaults,ro,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 2
pkgmk /usr/ports/work tmpfs size=30G,gid=101,uid=100,defaults 0 2
UUID=36e9e1d5-8356-451e-a301-81098b9a15ea /srv ext4 defaults,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 2
UUID=cd15196a-69f1-4fb4-9730-a384c62add91 /home ext4 defaults,nodev,nosuid,errors=remount-ro 0 2
#UUID=04f07488ce7b36205acc6d404dcf924643660ac5 /usr/ports/distfiles ext4 defaults,ro,nodev,errors=remount-ro 0 2
# End of file
</pre>
<h2 id="rcconf">1.2.6. Initialization Scripts</h2>
<p>Edit /etc/rc.conf and define keyboard layout, hostname and timezone,
more information about
<a href="http://crux.nu/Main/Handbook3-3#ConfigurationVariables">configuration variables</a>.
</p>
<pre>
#
# /etc/rc.conf: system configuration
#
FONT=default
KEYMAP=dvorak
TIMEZONE="Europe/Lisbon"
HOSTNAME=machine
SYSLOG=sysklogd
SERVICES=(lo iptables wlan crond)
# End of file
</pre>
<a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>
<p>This is part of the Tribu System Documentation.
Copyright (C) 2020
Tribu Team.
See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
for copying conditions.</p>
</body>
</html>
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