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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<title>Qemu</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="index.html">Tools Index</a>
<h1>Qemu</h1>
<h2 id="kern">1. Host System</h2>
<p>Load modules, in this case kvm of intel cpu;</p>
<pre>
# modprobe -a kvm-intel tun virtio
</pre>
<p>Add users to kvm group;</p>
<pre>
# usermod -a -G kvm c9admin
# usermod -a -G kvm username
</pre>
<h2 id="disk">2. Disk images</h2>
<dl>
<dt>img</dt>
<dd>Raw disk image, allows dd to a physical device.</dd>
<dt>raw</dt>
<dd>Raw disk image, allows dd to a physical device.</dd>
<dt>qcow2</dt>
<dd>Qcow disk image file used by qemu.</dd>
</dl>
<p>Create hard disk image, there is different types,
this describes how to create a qcow2 type;</p>
<pre>
$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 crux-img.qcow2 15G
</pre>
<p>You can mount disk image;</p>
<pre>
$ sudo modprobe nbd
$ sudo qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 /crux-img.qcow2
</pre>
<p>To disconnect image disk (ndb);</p>
<pre>
$ sudo qemu-nbd -d /dev/nbd0
</pre>
<p>Information about preparing
<a href="../core/install.html#step2">partitions</a>
and <a href="storage.html">storage</a> administration.
You can use image as a normal disk, example how
to use parted to create a gpt system table;</p>
<pre>
# parted --script $DEV \
mklabel gpt \
mkpart ESP fat32 1MiB 120MiB \
mkpart primary ext4 120MiB 720MiB \
mkpart primary ext4 720MiB 2720MiB \
mkpart primary ext4 2720MiB 5000MiB \
set 1 boot on
</pre>
<pre>
# kpartx -a -s -l -u /dev/nbd0
</pre>
<p>Use /dev/mapper/$(name_of_device) to assign correct blocks;</p>
<pre>
# mkfs.fat -F 32 $BLK_EFI
# mkfs.ext4 $BLK_BOOT
# mkfs.ext4 $BLK_ROOT
# mkfs.ext4 $BLK_VAR
</pre>
<p>Mount partition;</p>
<pre>
# mount $BLK_ROOT $CHROOT
# mkdir -p $CHROOT/boot
# mount $BLK_BOOT $CHROOT/boot
# mkdir -p $CHROOT/boot/efi
# mount $BLK_EFI $CHROOT/boot/efi
# mkdir -p $CHROOT/var
# mount $BLK_VAR $CHROOT/var
</pre>
<h2 id="net">2. Network</h2>
<p>Network configuration;</p>
<dl>
<dt>slirp</dt>
<dd>Default virtual NAT'd network.</dd>
<dt>tun/tap</dt>
<dd>Good performance to create virtually any type of network
topology.</dd>
<dt>vde</dt>
<dd>The VDE networking backend.</dd>
</dl>
<pre>
KERNEL=="tun", GROUP="kvm", MODE="0660", OPTIONS+="static_node=net/tun"
</pre>
<h3>2.1. Public Bridge</h3>
<p>Create <a href="network.html#bridge">bridge</a>, create new
tap and add it to bridge;</p>
<pre>
# DEV="br0"
# TAP="tap1"
</pre>
<pre>
# ip tuntap add ${TAP} mode tap group kvm
# ip link set ${TAP} up
</pre>
<pre>
# ip link set ${TAP} master ${DEV}
</pre>
<h3>2.2. Routing</h3>
<p>Create interface with correct permissions set for kvm group.</p>
<pre>
# sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
</pre>
<h2 id="guest">Guest System</h2>
<p>Start qemu with 512 of ram, mydisk.img as disk and boot from iso</p>
<p>See <a href="scripts/system-qemu.sh">scripts/system-qemu.sh</a>,
as template. Run virtual machine that uses above tap device;</p>
<pre>
$ ISO=~/crux-3.2.iso
$ IMG=~/crux-img.qcow2
$ TAP="tap1"
$ qemu-system-x86_64 \
-enable-kvm \
-m 1024 \
-boot d \
-cdrom ${ISO} \
-hda ${IMG} \
-net nic,model=virtio -net tap,ifname=${TAP},script=no,downscript=no
</pre>
<pre>
$ ISO=~/crux-3.2.iso
$ IMG=~/crux-img.qcow2
$ qemu-system-x86_64 \
-enable-kvm \
-m 1024 \
-boot d \
-cdrom ${ISO} \
-hda ${IMG} \
-net nic,model=virtio -net tap,ifname=${TAP},script=no,downscript=no
</pre>
<a href="index.html">Tools Index</a>
<p>This is part of the c9 Manual.
Copyright (C) 2016
c9 team.
See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
for copying conditions.</p>
</body>
</html>
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