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        <title>1.1. Install Crux 3.5</title>
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        <a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>

        <h1>1.1. Install Crux 3.5</h1>

        <p>Installation of minimal Crux 3.5 Gnu\Linux system,
        with selected packages from core, opt and contrib
        ports. Process of installation documented can be
        executed from iso or from existing gnu\linux installation.
        Read
        <a href="http://crux.nu/Main/Handbook3-5">Hand book 3.5</a>,
        .</p>

        <p>If you are booting from crux iso and is not your keyboard
        layout of choice run;</p>

        <pre>
        # loadkeys dvorak
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step1">1.1.1. Download iso</h2>

        <p>Visit crux
        <a href="http://crux.nu/Main/Download">download page</a> for
        more notes before downloading iso. Script
        <a href="scripts/setup-iso.sh">setup-iso.sh</a> downloads
        iso from master repo and checks md5sum.</p>

        <pre>
        $ curl -k -O https://serverop.de/crux/crux-3.5/iso/crux-3.5.iso
        $ curl -k -O https://serverop.de/crux/crux-3.5/iso/crux-3.5.md5
        $ md5sum crux-3.5.iso
        eb0c9b75322ba240f229ec9834feddfd crux-3.5.iso
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step2">1.1.2. Prepare target</h2>

        <p>Prepare disk or target location where new system will
        be installed. Following steps describe how to create efi
        system or msdos. Systems with bios_boot(msdos) only require
        boot partition in the beginning of the disk, use ext4 file
        system. For more information about gpt partitions table read
        <a href="http://devil-detail.blogspot.com/2013/07/install-grub2-on-gpt-disk-dedicated-partition.html">devil-detail grub2 on gpt</a>. Script <a href="scripts/setup-target.sh">setup-target.sh</a> help to create partitions
        scripts.</p>

        <p>Load dm-crypt module and start parted;</p>

        <pre>
        # modprobe dm-crypt
        # parted /dev/sda
        </pre>

        <p>Set unit size to use;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) unit mib
        </pre>

        <h3>bios_boot</h3>

        <p>If the system don't support efi, on bios_boot systems;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) mklabel msdos
        </pre>

        <p>Boot partition. Partition with 1G provide room for kernels
        and bootable iso's that can be directly boot from grub (without root
        partition). Partition size ~1G;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) mkpart primary ext4 2 1132
        (parted) set 1 boot on
        </pre>

        <h3>efi/esp</h3>

        <p>On systems that support efi;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) mklabel gpt
        </pre>

        <p>Partition used by grub boot loader. Partition size 2M;</p>

        <pre>
        mkpart primary 2 4
        name 1 grub
        set 1 bios_grub on
        </pre>

        <p>EFI System Partition, ESP type EF00. Partition
        with between 500M and 100M is recommended for standard
        installations. Partition size 128M;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) mkpart ESP fat32 4 132
        (parted) name 2 efi
        (parted) set 2 boot on
        </pre>

        <p>Boot partition. Partition with 1G provide room for kernels
        and bootable iso's that can be directly boot from grub (without root
        partition). Partition size ~1G;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) mkpart primary ext4 132 1132
        (parted) name 3 boot
        </pre>

        <h3>Encrypted lvm</h3>

        <p>There are different ways to achieve disk encryption,
        the method described uses cryptosetup to create cryptodevice
        with <a href="../tools/lvm.html">lvm</a> inside containing
        root and other partitions such as;
        var, usr, swap and home.

        <pre>
        (parted) mkpart primary 1132 100%
        </pre>

        <p>Create encrypted block for lvm, partition layout of efi and bios boot systems is different.</p>

        <p>On bios_boot systems partition should be  2;</p>

        <pre>
        (parted) set 4 lvm on
        # cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda2
        # cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda2 cryptlvm
        </pre>

        <p>Create physical group and volume group;</p>

        <pre>
        # pvcreate /dev/mapper/cryptlvm
        # vgcreate vg_system /dev/mapper/cryptlvm
        </pre>

        <h3>/ root partition</h3>

        <p>Core collection installation on root partition uses
        approximately 2G. Partition with 8G-20G is recommended
        for a server or desktop with dedicated ports partition
        or using only compiled packages. Partition size 20G;</p>


        <pre>
        # lvcreate -L 20G -n lv_root vg_system
        </pre>

        <h3>/var partition</h3>

        <p>Var partition is recommended 1G-5G depending on how
        system is configured. Partition size 2G;</p>

        <pre>
        # lvcreate -L 2G -n lv_var vg_system
        </pre>

        <h3>Swap (ram)</h3>

        <p>Swap partition general advice is to have the same size as
        memory ram, ports system will be configured to build on ram.
        To build firefox is necessary at least 34G. Partition size 4G;</p>

        <pre>
        # lvcreate -L 4G -n lv_swap vg_system
        </pre>


        <h3>/home</h3>

        <p>On desktop fill the rest of disk space while on server
        this partition can be replaced with /srv.
        Fill the rest of disk space;</p>

        <pre>
        # lvcreate -L 120G -n lv_home vg_system
        </pre>

        <h3>Create filesystems</h3>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda2
        $ sudo mkfs.ext4      /dev/sda3
        $ sudo mkfs.ext4      /dev/vg_system/lv_root
        $ sudo mkfs.ext4      /dev/vg_system/lv_var
        $ sudo mkswap	      /dev/vg_system/lv_swap
        $ sudo mkfs.ext4      /dev/vg_system/lv_home
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step3">1.1.3. Prepare Install</h2>

        <p>From now on script
        <a href="scripts/setup-target.sh">setup-target.sh</a>
        create file systems, <a href="scripts/install-core.sh">install-core.sh</a> install core packages and
        <a href="scripts/setup-core.sh">setup-core.sh</a>
        configure host metadata and setup ports;</p>

        <p>Export target root partition;</p>

        <pre>
        $ export BLK_ROOT=/dev/vg_system/lv_root
        </pre>

        <p>Export target root directory you want to install;</p>

        <pre>
        $ export CHROOT=/mnt
        </pre>

        <p>If you are installing to a directory and not partitions you don't need to mount;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mount $BLK_ROOT $CHROOT
        </pre>

        <p>Create follow directories;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/boot
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/var
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/usr
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/media
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/home

        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/dev
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/tmp
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/proc
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/sys
        </pre>

        <p>If partition layout is different or target is a directory is not necessary to mount, create only the directories;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mount $BLK_BOOT $CHROOT/boot
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/boot/efi
        $ sudo mount $BLK_EFI $CHROOT/boot/efi

        $ sudo mount $BLK_VAR $CHROOT/var
        $ sudo mkdir -p $CHROOT/var/lib/pkg

        $ sudo mount $BLK_HOME $CHROOT/home
        </pre>

        <p>Activate Chroot;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mount --bind /dev $CHROOT/dev
        $ sudo mount -vt devpts devpts $CHROOT/dev/pts
        $ sudo mount -vt tmpfs shm $CHROOT/dev/shm
        $ sudo mount -vt proc proc $CHROOT/proc
        $ sudo mount -vt sysfs sysfs $CHROOT/sys
        </pre>

        <p>Mount iso or copy packages to target /mnt directory;</p>

        <pre>
        # modprobe isofs
        # modprobe loop
        # mount -o loop crux-3.5.iso $CHROOT/media
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step4">1.1.4. Install Crux</h2>

        <p>Create file $CHROOT/core.lst containing
        list of binary packages present in $CHROOT/media/crux/core/;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo for p in $CHROOT/media/crux/core/*; do echo $p &lt;&lt; $CHROOT/core.lst; done
        </pre>

        <p>Install temporary pkgadd on $CHROOT;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo tar xf /media/crux/core/pkgutils#5.40-1.pkg.tar.xz usr/bin/pkgadd -O > $CHROOT/pkgadd
        $ sudo chmod +x $CHROOT/pkgadd
        </pre>

        <p>Edit $CHROOT/core.lst with your preferences, you can remove
        or add packages from opt collection. Remove lilo if you want
        grub.</p>

        <p>Create package database, it will contain a list of
        installed packages files.</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo touch $CHROOT/var/lib/pkg/db
        </pre>

        <p>Install all packages listed in $CHROOT/core.lst;</p>

        <pre>
        $ su
        # cd $CHROOT
        while read line; do
                printf "Installing $line;\n"
                $CHROOT/pkgadd -f -r $CHROOT $line
        done &lt; core.lst
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step5">1.1.5. Install extra packages</h2>

        <p>Install additional ports like wireless-tools, grub2
        and fakeroot;</p>

        <pre>
        cp $CHROOT/media/crux/opt/* $CHROOT/usr/ports/packages
        cp $CHROOT/media/crux/xorg/* $CHROOT/usr/ports/packages
        </pre>

        <pre>
        # chroot $CHROOT /bin/bash
        </pre>

        <pre>
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/fakeroot#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/dbus#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/expat#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libnl#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libpng#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/freetype#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libffi#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/sqlite3#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/python#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/glib#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/grub2#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/grub2-efi#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/wireless-tools#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/wpa_supplicant#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/lvm2#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/mdadm#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/efivar#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/efibootmgr#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/dosfstools#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/ported#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libgcrypt#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/cryptsetup#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/popt#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libgpg-error#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libevent#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/libtirpc#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/git#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/tmux#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/prt-utils#*
        pkgadd /usr/ports/packages/elfutils#*
        </pre>

        <pre>
        # exit
        </pre>

        <pre>
        $ sudo rm $CHROOT/pkgadd
        $ sudo rm $CHROOT/core.lst
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step6">1.1.6. Install extra ports</h2>

        <p>Create port collection;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo mkdir $CHROOT/usr/ports/machine-ports
        </pre>

        <p>Copy ports from  doc/core/ports;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo cp -r ports/* $CHROOT/usr/ports/machine-ports/
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step7">1.1.7. DNS Resolver</h2>

        <pre>
        $ sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf $CHROOT/etc
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step8">1.1.8. Install Handbook</h2>

        <pre>
        $ sudo cp $CHROOT/media/crux/handbook.txt $CHROOT/home/root/
        </pre>

        <h2 id="step9">1.1.9. Basic Skeleton</h2>

        <p>Copy skeletons from  doc/core/conf;</p>

        <pre>
        $ sudo cp -R  conf/skel $CHROOT/etc/
        </pre>

        <a href="index.html">Core OS Index</a>
        <p>This is part of the Tribu System Documentation.
        Copyright (C) 2020
        Tribu Team.
        See the file <a href="../fdl-1.3-standalone.html">Gnu Free Documentation License</a>
        for copying conditions.</p>

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